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3. Fractional Echoes

Author

Karras, G., Hertz, E., Billard, F., Lavorel, B., Siour, G., Hartmann, J. -M., Faucher, O., Gershnabel, Erez, Prior, Yehiam, and Averbukh, Ilya Sh.

Subjects
Physics - Optics, Physics - Atomic Physics, Physics - Chemical Physics
Abstract

We report the observation of fractional echoes in a double-pulse excited nonlinear system. Unlike standard echoes which appear periodically at delays which are integer multiple of the delay between the two exciting pulses, the fractional echoes appear at rational fractions of this delay. We discuss the mechanism leading to this phenomenon, and provide the first experimental demonstration of fractional echoes by measuring third harmonic generation in a thermal gas of CO2 molecules excited by a pair of femtosecond laser pulses.

Published
2016
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4. Evaluation of receptor and chemical transport models for PM10 source apportionment

Author

Belis, C.A., Pernigotti, D., Pirovano, G., Favez, O., Jaffrezo, J.L., Kuenen, J., Denier van Der Gon, H., Reizer, M., Riffault, V., Alleman, L.Y., Almeida, M., Amato, F., Angyal, A., Argyropoulos, G., Bande, S., Beslic, I., Besombes, J.-L., Bove, M.C., Brotto, P., Calori, G., Cesari, D., Colombi, C., Contini, D., De Gennaro, G., Di Gilio, A., Diapouli, E., El Haddad, I., Elbern, H., Eleftheriadis, K., Ferreira, J., Vivanco, M. Garcia, Gilardoni, S., Golly, B., Hellebust, S., Hopke, P.K., Izadmanesh, Y., Jorquera, H., Krajsek, K., Kranenburg, R., Lazzeri, P., Lenartz, F., Lucarelli, F., Maciejewska, K., Manders, A., Manousakas, M., Masiol, M., Mircea, M., Mooibroek, D., Nava, S., Oliveira, D., Paglione, M., Pandolfi, M., Perrone, M., Petralia, E., Pietrodangelo, A., Pillon, S., Pokorna, P., Prati, P., Salameh, D., Samara, C., Samek, L., Saraga, D., Sauvage, S., Schaap, M., Scotto, F., Sega, K., Siour, G., Tauler, R., Valli, G., Vecchi, R., Venturini, E., Vestenius, M., Waked, A., and Yubero, E.

Published
2020
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5. European Air Quality Simulations in the Context of IMPACT2C, Focus on Aerosol Concentrations

Author

Lacressonnière, G., Watson, L., Engardt, M., Gauss, M., Andersson, C., Beekmann, M., Colette, A., Foret, G., Josse, B., Marécal, V., Nyiri, A., Siour, G., Sobolowski, S., Vautard, R., Abarbanel, Henry, Series editor, Braha, Dan, Series editor, Érdi, Péter, Series editor, Friston, Karl, Series editor, Haken, Hermann, Series editor, Jirsa, Viktor, Series editor, Kacprzyk, Janusz, Series editor, Kaneko, Kunihiko, Series editor, Kelso, Scott, Series editor, Kirkilionis, Markus, Series editor, Kurths, Jürgen, Series editor, Nowak, Andrzej, Series editor, Qudrat-Ullah, Hassan, Series editor, Reichl, Linda, Series editor, Schuster, Peter, Series editor, Schweitzer, Frank, Series editor, Sornette, Didier, Series editor, Thurner, Stefan, Series editor, Steyn, Douw G., editor, and Chaumerliac, Nadine, editor

Published
2016
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7. Agricultural footprint to French air quality: do IASI and CRIS help to provide improved ammonia emissions and air quality simulations?

Author

Fortems-Cheiney, Audrey, Dufour, Gaëlle, Marsal, Quentin, Siour, G., Beekmann, Matthias, Foret, Gilles, Génermont, Sophie, Gilliot, Jean-Marc, Couvidat, Florian, Meleux, Frédérik, Crunaire, S., van Damme, Martin, Clarisse, Lieven, Coheur, Pierre-François, Dammers, Enrico, Cady-Pereira, Karen, Shephard, Mark W., and Génermont, Sophie

Subjects
[SDE] Environmental Sciences, Emission inventories, [SDV.SA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, Ammonia, Air quality modelling
Published
2021

8. Analysis of the Anthropogenic and Biogenic NOx Emissions Over 2008–2017 : Assessment of the Trends in the 30 Most Populated Urban Areas in Europe

Author

Fortems-Cheiney, A., Broquet, G., Pison, I., Saunois, M., Potier, E., Berchet, A., Dufour, G., Siour, G., Denier van der Gon, H., Dellaert, S.N.C., Boersma, K.F., Fortems-Cheiney, A., Broquet, G., Pison, I., Saunois, M., Potier, E., Berchet, A., Dufour, G., Siour, G., Denier van der Gon, H., Dellaert, S.N.C., and Boersma, K.F.

Abstract

We use the OMI-QA4ECV-v1.1 NO2 tropospheric columns over the 10-year 2008–2017 period to confront satellite-based trends in NO2 concentrations to those from the state-of-the-art regional chemistry-transport model CHIMERE and to evaluate the bottom-up anthropogenic and biogenic NOx emissions in Europe. A focus is made for the 30 most populated urban areas in Europe. Over urban areas in Western Europe, except for coastal cities, OMI confirms the drop in the simulated CHIMERE NO2 tropospheric columns based on the latest country emission official reporting. OMI hardly shows significant negative trends over Central and Eastern Europe urban areas. Increasing biogenic emissions helps reconciling CHIMERE and OMI trends over urban areas in Central Europe and over rural areas, confirming the importance of accounting for non-anthropogenic emissions to assess long-term trends. Over Eastern Europe, our results question emission reductions estimated for particular sectors and in particular the road transport, public power, and industrial emissions.

Published
2021

9. Analysis of the Anthropogenic and Biogenic NOx Emissions Over 2008–2017: Assessment of the Trends in the 30 Most Populated Urban Areas in Europe

Author

Fortems‐Cheiney, A., primary, Broquet, G., additional, Pison, I., additional, Saunois, M., additional, Potier, E., additional, Berchet, A., additional, Dufour, G., additional, Siour, G., additional, Denier van der Gon, H., additional, Dellaert, S. N. C., additional, and Boersma, K. F., additional

Published
2021
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10. Evaluation of receptor and chemical transport models for PM10 source apportionment

Author

Belis, C. A., Pernigotti, D., Pirovano, G., Favez, O., Jaffrezo, J. L., Kuenen, J., van Der Gon, H. Denier, Reizer, M., Riffault, V, Alleman, L. Y., Almeida, M., Amato, F., Angyal, A., Argyropoulos, G., Bande, S., Beslic, I, Besombes, J-L, Bove, M. C., Brotto, P., Calori, G., Cesari, D., Colombi, C., Contini, D., De Gennaro, G., Di Gilio, A., Diapouli, E., El Haddad, I, Elbern, H., Eleftheriadis, K., Ferreira, J., Vivanco, M. Garcia, Gilardoni, S., Golly, B., Hellebust, S., Hopke, P. K., Izadmanesh, Y., Jorquera, H., Krajsek, K., Kranenburg, R., Lazzeri, P., Lenartz, F., Lucarelli, F., Maciejewska, K., Manders, A., Manousakas, M., Masiol, M., Mircea, M., Mooibroek, D., Nava, S., Oliveira, D., Paglione, M., Pandolfi, M., Perrone, M., Petralia, E., Pietrodangelo, A., Pillon, S., Pokorna, P., Prati, P., Salameh, D., Samara, C., Samek, L., Saraga, D., Sauvage, S., Schaap, M., Scotto, F., Sega, K., Siour, G., Tauler, R., Valli, G., Vecchi, R., Venturini, E., Vestenius, M., Waked, A., Yubero, E., Belis, C. A., Pernigotti, D., Pirovano, G., Favez, O., Jaffrezo, J. L., Kuenen, J., van Der Gon, H. Denier, Reizer, M., Riffault, V, Alleman, L. Y., Almeida, M., Amato, F., Angyal, A., Argyropoulos, G., Bande, S., Beslic, I, Besombes, J-L, Bove, M. C., Brotto, P., Calori, G., Cesari, D., Colombi, C., Contini, D., De Gennaro, G., Di Gilio, A., Diapouli, E., El Haddad, I, Elbern, H., Eleftheriadis, K., Ferreira, J., Vivanco, M. Garcia, Gilardoni, S., Golly, B., Hellebust, S., Hopke, P. K., Izadmanesh, Y., Jorquera, H., Krajsek, K., Kranenburg, R., Lazzeri, P., Lenartz, F., Lucarelli, F., Maciejewska, K., Manders, A., Manousakas, M., Masiol, M., Mircea, M., Mooibroek, D., Nava, S., Oliveira, D., Paglione, M., Pandolfi, M., Perrone, M., Petralia, E., Pietrodangelo, A., Pillon, S., Pokorna, P., Prati, P., Salameh, D., Samara, C., Samek, L., Saraga, D., Sauvage, S., Schaap, M., Scotto, F., Sega, K., Siour, G., Tauler, R., Valli, G., Vecchi, R., Venturini, E., Vestenius, M., Waked, A., and Yubero, E.

Abstract

In this study, the performance of two types of source apportionment models was evaluated by assessing the results provided by 40 different groups in the framework of an intercomparison organised by FAIRMODE WG3 (Forum for air quality modelling in Europe, Working Group 3). The evaluation was based on two performance indicators: z-scores and the root mean square error weighted by the reference uncertainty (RMSEu), with pre-established acceptability criteria. By involving models based on completely different and independent input data, such as receptor models (RMs) and chemical transport models (CTMs), the intercomparison provided a unique opportunity for their cross-validation. In addition, comparing the CTM chemical profiles with those measured directly at the source contributed to corroborate the consistency of the tested model results. The most commonly used RM was the US EPA- PMF version 5. RMs showed very good performance for the overall dataset (91% of z-scores accepted) while more difficulties were observed with the source contribution time series (72% of RMSEu accepted). Industrial activities proved to be the most difficult sources to be quantified by RMs, with high variability in the estimated contributions. In the CTMs, the sum of computed source contributions was lower than the measured gravimetric PM10 mass concentrations. The performance tests pointed out the differences between the two CTM approaches used for source apportionment in this study: brute force (or emission reduction impact) and tagged species methods. The sources meeting the z-score and RMSEu acceptability criteria tests were 50% and 86%, respectively. The CTM source contributions to PM10 were in the majority of cases lower than the RM averages for the corresponding source. The CTMs and RMs source contributions for the overall dataset were more comparable (83% of the z-scores accepted) than their time series (successful RMSEu in the range 25% - 34%). The comparability between CTMs and RMs va

Published
2020

12. Les vents érosifs au Sahel Central : une analyse fondée sur 10 années de suivi météorologique à haute résolution temporelle

Author

Rajot, J., Gilles Bergametti, Marticoréna, B., Chatenet, B., Féron, A., Gaimoz, C., Siour, G., A Adourhamane, Touré, Coulibaly, M., Koné, I., Maman, A., Zakou, A., Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Laboratoire Interuniversitaire des Systèmes Atmosphériques (LISA (UMR_7583)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Ouest]), bergametti, gilles, and Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SDE] Environmental Sciences, [SDU] Sciences of the Universe [physics], [SDE.MCG] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, [SDU.STU.ME] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Meteorology, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, [SDU.STU] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, [SDU.STU.ME]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Meteorology, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, [SDU.ENVI] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment
Abstract

International audience; Depuis 2006 trois stations de suivi des poussières désertiques, installées dans le cadre du programme AMMA et pérennisées au sein du SNO INDAAF (cf Poster) fournissent la vitesse, la direction du vent et la pluviométrie au pas de temps de 5 mn. Une analyse détaillée de ces données collectées sur 10 années au Mali et au Niger a permis de décrire le cycle journalier et saisonnier des vents supérieurs aux vitesses seuil d'érosion éolienne sur un sol nu et du potentiel de soulèvement de poussière (Dust Uplift Potentiel-DUP) (Bergametti et al. 2017). Tout au long de l'année des vents érosifs associés à la dissipation du jet nocturne par la turbulence thermique soufflent en milieu et fin de matinée. Mais ces vents ne contribuent que très peu au DUP. L'essentiel du potentiel d'érosion est produit par des vents très intenses, principalement nocturnes, associés aux systèmes convectifs de méso-échelle qui balaient le Sahel en saison des pluies. Ceci produit une très forte saisonnalité du DUP dont plus de 70% se concentrent dans les 90 jours de début de saison des pluies de mi-avril à mi-juillet. De façon encore plus remarquable, la durée des vents forts est très courte : plus de 80% de ces vents durent moins de 3 heures. Ceci suggère que la fréquence de mesures aux stations synoptiques n'est pas assez élevée pour quantifier la contribution réelle de ces vents forts au DUP. Enfin, l'effet inhibiteur des pluies sur l'érosion éolienne a été pris en compte grâce aux données pluviométriques (Bergametti et al. 2016). L'inhibition par les pluies affecterait ainsi environ un quart du DUP total. La durée totale des vents érosifs dans le Sahel central ne représente qu'environ 1% de l'année. Seul un suivi continu à une fréquence élevée, et avec des capteurs précis et stables peut permettre une description réaliste des vents érosifs au Sahel. Le défi est de maintenir ces mesures sur le long terme pour pouvoir appréhender l'évolution climatique de l'érosion éolienne. Bergametti, G., et al., 2016. How long does precipitation inhibit wind erosion in the Sahel? Geophysical Research Letters, 43, 6643-6649. Bergametti G. et al., 2017. Dust uplift potential in the Central Sahel: an analysis based on 10 years of meteorological measurements at high temporal resolution.

Published
2018

13. Wind erosion and dust emission in the Sahel: a regional modelling approach to evaluate the impact of climate and land-use

Author

Abdourhamane Touré, Beatrice Marticorena, Siour, G., Caroline Pierre, Christel Bouet, Gilles Bergametti, Abdourhamanetouré, A., Chrisitian Baron, Dominique Bouniol, Couvreux, F., Françoise Guichard, Manuela Grippa, Pierre Hiernaux, Laurent Kergoat, Yann Largeron, Thierry Lebel, Eric Mougin, Guillaume Quantin, J-L, Rajot, Joana Roussillon, Amadou Tidjani, Vischel, T., Christian Valentin, Laboratoire Interuniversitaire des Systèmes Atmosphériques (LISA (UMR_7583)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Territoires, Environnement, Télédétection et Information Spatiale (UMR TETIS), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-AgroParisTech-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Groupe d'étude de l'atmosphère météorologique (CNRM-GAME), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Météo France-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'études spatiales de la biosphère (CESBIO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire des Mécanismes et Transfert en Géologie (LMTG), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut des Géosciences de l’Environnement (IGE), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (iEES Paris), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre national de recherches météorologiques (CNRM), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-AgroParisTech-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Laboratoire d'étude des transferts en hydrologie et environnement (LTHE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble (INPG)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (IEES (UMR_7618 / UMR_D_242 / UMR_A_1392 / UM_113) ), bergametti, gilles, and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)

Subjects
[SDE] Environmental Sciences, [SDU] Sciences of the Universe [physics], [SDE.MCG] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Vegetation, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Sahel, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Wind erosion, Land use, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, [SDU.ENVI] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, Dust emission
Abstract

International audience; The semi-arid Sahelian region is particularly prone to wind erosion due to low and variable annual precipitation producing low vegetation cover with a high interannual variability. Surfaces traditionally devoted to livestock grazing are used as croplands, increasing the proportion of bare surface unprotected from wind erosion. Wind erosion could significantly evolve in the future with climate change and the changes in land use and agropastoral management practices expected from the persistent demographic growth. To estimate the wind erosion and dust emission in the Sahel, we have developed a regional modelling approach in the framework of the CAVIARS ANR project (Climate, Agriculture and Vegetation: Impacts on Aeolian eRosion in the Sahel). The approach is based on existing models that were adapted and coupled to represent the main processes involved in the wind erosion and their dependence to climate parameters and agropastoral practices. Natural vegetation (herbaceous) and cropped vegetation (millet) are respectively modelled with the STEP vegetation model and the SARRA-H agronomic model,both models improved to reproduce the dynamics of dry vegetation. The wind erosion model has been tested and adapted to represent the erosion fluxes over typical Sahelian vegetated surfaces. A specific parameterization have been developed to represent the very strong surface winds associated to the convective activity. Grazing pressure maps were established based on national data and/or agro-pastoral census. The spatial and temporal distribution of the simulated dust emissions computed for the period 2000-2014 will be presented. The parameterization of the wind speed distribution associated with the convective activity allows to better capture the seasonal pattern of local wind erosion. The relative weight of climatic parameters and agropastoral management will be estimated by reference to a simulation with no vegetation and no land use.

Published
2018

14. The unexpected effect of SO2 and NO2 emission reductions over China: strong and rapid increase of atmospheric ammonia levels

Author

EGU General Assembly, Lachatre, Mathieu, Fortems-Cheiney, A., Foret, Gilles, Siour, G., Dufour, Gaëlle, Clarisse, Lieven, Clerbaux, Cathy, Coheur, Pierre, Van Damme, Martin, Beekmann, Matthias, EGU General Assembly, Lachatre, Mathieu, Fortems-Cheiney, A., Foret, Gilles, Siour, G., Dufour, Gaëlle, Clarisse, Lieven, Clerbaux, Cathy, Coheur, Pierre, Van Damme, Martin, and Beekmann, Matthias

Abstract

info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

Published
2019

15. Results of the first European Source Apportionment intercomparison for Receptor and Chemical Transport Models

Author

BELIS CLAUDIO, PERNIGOTTI DENISE, PIROVANO GUIDO, FAVEZ OLIVIER, JAFFREZO J.-L., KUENEN J.J.P., DENIER VAN DER GON HUGO, REIZER MAGDA, PAY MARIA-TERESA, ALMEIDA M., AMATO FULVIO, ANIKO ANGYAL, ARGYROPOULOS GEORGIOS, BANDE STEFANO, BESLIC IVAN, BOVE MARIA CHIARA, BROTTO P, CALORI G., CESARI DANIELA, COLOMBI C., CONTINI DANIELE, DE GENNARO G., DI GILIO ALESSIA, DIAPOULI E., EL HADDAD IMAD, ELBERN H, ELEFTHERIADIS K., FERREIRA J., FORET GILLES, GARCIA VIVANCO MARTA, GILARDONI STEFANIA, HELLEBUST STIG, HOOGERBRUGGE RONALD, IZADMANESH YAHYA, JORQUERA HECTOR, KARPPINEN A., KERTESZ ZSOFIA, KOLESA TANJA, KRAJSEK KAY, KRANENBURG RICHARD, LAZZERI PAOLO, LENARTZ FABIAN, LIORA NATALIA, LONG YOANN, LUCARELLI FRANCO, MACIEJEWSKA K., MANDERS-GROOT A, MANOUSAKAS MANOUSOS-IOANNIS, MARTINS H., MIRCEA M., MOOIBROEK DENNIS, NAVA SILVIA, OLIVEIRA D., PAATERO PENTTI, PACIOREK M., PAGLIONE MARCO, PERRONE MARIA GRAZIA, PETRALIA E., PIETRODANGELO ADRIANA, PILLON S., POKORNA PETRA, POUPKOU ANASTASIA, PRADELLE F., PRATI PAOLO, RIFFAULT V., SALAMEH DALIA, SAMARA COSTANTINI, SAMEK LUCYNA, SARAGA DIKAIA E., SAUVAGE STEPHANE, SCOTTO F., SEGA KRESIMIR, SIOUR G., TAULER ROMA, VALLI GIANLUIGI, VECCHI ROBERTA, VENTURINI E., VESTENIUS MIKA, YARWOOD G., and YUBERO EDUARDO

Abstract

In this study, the performance of the source apportionment model applications were evaluated by comparing the model results provided by 44 participants adopting a methodology based on performance indicators: z-scores and RMSEu, with pre-established acceptability criteria. Involving models based on completely different and independent input data, such as receptor models (RMs) and chemical transport models (CTMs), provided a unique opportunity to cross-validate them. In addition, comparing the modelled source chemical profiles, with those measured directly at the source contributed to corroborate the chemical profile of the tested model results. The most used RM was EPA- PMF5. RMs showed very good performance for the overall dataset (91% of z-scores accepted) and more difficulties are observed with SCE time series (72% of RMSEu accepted). Industry resulted the most problematic source for RMs due to the high variability among participants. Also the results obtained with CTMs were quite comparable to their ensemble reference using all models for the overall average (>92% of successful z-scores) while the comparability of the time series is more problematic (between 58% and 77% of the candidates’ RMSEu are accepted). In the CTM models a gap was observed between the sum of source contributions and the gravimetric PM10 mass likely due to PM underestimation in the base case. Interestingly, when only the tagged species CTM results were used in the reference, the differences between the two CTM approaches (brute force and tagged species) were evident. In this case the percentage of candidates passing the z-score and RMSEu tests were only 50% and 86%, respectively. CTMs showed good comparability with RMs for the overall dataset (83% of the z-scores accepted), more differences were observed when dealing with the time series of the single source categories. In this case the share of successful RMSEu was in the range 25% - 34%., JRC.C.5-Air and Climate

Published
2018

16. Dust Uplift Potential in the Central Sahel: An Analysis Based on 10 years of Meteorological Measurements at High Temporal Resolution

Author

Bergametti, G., Marticoréna, B., Rajot, J., Chatenet, B., Féron, A., Gaimoz, C., Siour, G., Coulibaly, M., Koné, I., Maman, A., Zakou, A., Laboratoire Interuniversitaire des Systèmes Atmosphériques (LISA (UMR_7583)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers EFLUVE, French national program [AMMA-2], French Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR) [ANR-12-SENV-0007-01], and Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, congenital, hereditary, and neonatal diseases and abnormalities, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Sahel, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, wind, dust, erosion, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment
Abstract

International audience; A 10 year data set of wind speed and precipitation recorded in two Sahelian stations located in Niger and Mali is used to investigate the duration and the diurnal and seasonal cycles of high wind speeds and Dust Uplift Potential (DUP). The results indicate that high wind speeds, those greater than the threshold wind velocity required to initiate wind erosion (TWV) over a bare soil occurred in the middle and late morning during the dry and wet seasons but also at nighttime during the wet season. However, the morning wind speeds are only slightly greater than TWV leading to low DUP. On the opposite, the high wind velocities associated to the nocturnal mesoscale convective systems crossing the Sahel during the wet season are responsible for the highest potential wind erosion events. This leads to a strong seasonality of DUP with more than 70% occurring in less than 90 days, from mid-April to mid-July. The duration of the high wind speed events is very short since more than 80% last for less than 3 h, suggesting that the frequency of the observations performed in SYNOP meteorological stations is not sufficient to correctly quantify the contribution of such events to DUP. Finally, by combining precipitation and DUP, we estimated that precipitation should have a relatively limited role in terms of inhibition of wind erosion in this region with precipitation only affecting 25% of total DUP.

Published
2017

17. Modélisation des dépôts atmosphériques d’ammoniac dans les territoires à partir de typologies paysagères

Author

Azouz, Niramson, Drouet, Jean-Louis, Beekmann, Matthias, Siour, G., Lazrak, El-Ghali, Puech, Thomas, Mignolet, Catherine, Cellier, Pierre, Ecologie fonctionnelle et écotoxicologie des agroécosystèmes (ECOSYS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech, Université Paris Saclay (COmUE), Laboratoire Interuniversitaire des Systèmes Atmosphériques (LISA (UMR_7583)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Agro-Systèmes Territoires Ressources Mirecourt (ASTER Mirecourt), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
dépôt atmosphérique, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], typologie paysagère, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, modèle, changement d’échelle, ammoniac, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract

National audience; Les activités agricoles sont les principales sources d'ammoniac (NH3) émis dans l'atmosphère (706 kton/an, CITEPA, 2016). Les fortes concentrations et les taux élevés de dépôts de NH3 sur le sol et la végétation peuvent avoir un impact sur les écosystèmes sensibles situés à proximité des zones d’émissions. La grande variabilité spatiale des flux de NH3 rend difficile la production de cartes de dépôts de NH3 sur des échelles spatiales larges sans utiliser un grand nombre de mesures ou des modèles à haute résolution spatiale. Les impacts environnementaux des flux de NH3 sur les écosystèmes peuvent varier selon le modèle de dispersion, de transfert et de dépôt utilisé. Nous avons comparé un modèle (OPS-ST, Sauter et al., 2015) permettant de simuler les pertes de NH3 à l’échelle locale (paysage de quelques km2 représenté par des mailles de quelques dizaines de mètres de côté) avec un modèle (CHIMERE, Menut et al., 2014) fonctionnant à l'échelle régionale (paysage de quelques milliers de km2 représenté par des mailles de quelques kilomètres de côté). Deux cas d’étude ont été construits pour comparer le comportement des deux modèles : le premier cas était complétement théorique et idéalisé et le second était adapté des typologies paysagères établies sur l’un des territoires mobilisés dans le projet ESCAPADE, le Blavet (2029 km2) en Bretagne, caractérisé par des élevages intensifs (Lazrak et al., 2014). Des scénarios ont été créés pour ces deux cas d’étude en modifiant la résolution spatiale des modèles (i.e. tailles des mailles), les conditions météorologiques, la localisation et l’intensité des émissions par les bâtiments d’élevage, ainsi que les occupations des sols des zones agricoles (e.g. parcelles cultivées) et semi-naturelles (e.g. forêts, prairies permanentes). Les résultats montrent que les dépôts moyens de NH3 simulés par chacun des deux modèles sont relativement similaires pour un scénario donné. En revanche, les différences de structure des deux modèles (i.e. hypothèses, formalismes), de résolution spatiale, de distribution spatiale des émissions et des occupations des sols ont généré des différences importantes dans les prédictions des concentrations et des dépôts spatialisés de NH3. Il en résulte des distributions spatiales des dépassements de charges critiques en NH3 très différentes entre les deux modèles. Ces résultats mettent en évidence de manière quantitative que les modèles régionaux utilisant des mailles de grande taille ne permettent pas de détecter les dépassements de charges critiques en NH3, en particulier dans les territoires avec des hot-spots d’émission de fortes intensités. Une des perspectives est d’intégrer les connaissances acquises avec les modèles fonctionnant à l’échelle locale dans les modèles régionaux

Published
2017

18. Unaccounted variability in NH3 agricultutral sources detected by IASI contributing to European spring haze episode

Author

European Geosciences Union General Assembly 2017 (Vienna, Austria), Fortems-Cheiney, A., Dufour, Gaëlle, Hamaoui-Laguel, L., Foret, Gilles, Siour, G., Van Damme, Martin, Meleux, F., Coheur, Pierre, Clerbaux, Cathy, Clarisse, Lieven, Wallasch, M., Beekmann, M., European Geosciences Union General Assembly 2017 (Vienna, Austria), Fortems-Cheiney, A., Dufour, Gaëlle, Hamaoui-Laguel, L., Foret, Gilles, Siour, G., Van Damme, Martin, Meleux, F., Coheur, Pierre, Clerbaux, Cathy, Clarisse, Lieven, Wallasch, M., and Beekmann, M.

Abstract

info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

Published
2017

21. Impact of Climate, Agriculture and Vegetation in the Sahel in the recent past : the CAVIARS Projet. [P-3330-53]

Author

Marticorena, Béatrice, Abdourhamane Touré, Amadou, Baron, Christian, Bergametti, Gilles, Bouet, C., Bouniol, D., Campos, A., Couvreux, F., Dardel, C., Guichard, Françoise, Grippa, Manuela, Hiernaux, Pierre, Kergoat, Laurent, Largeron, Y., Lebel, Thierry, Mougin, Eric, Pennanech, C., Pierre, Caroline, Quantin, G., Rajot, J.L., Siour, G., Tidjani, A.D., Valentin, C., and Vischel, T.

Subjects
U10 - Méthodes mathématiques et statistiques, P40 - Météorologie et climatologie, A01 - Agriculture - Considérations générales, P36 - Erosion, conservation et récupération des sols
Abstract

The semi-arid regions of the Earth are particularly vulnerable to wind erosion. The Sahelian region experienced contrasted climatic conditions during the last decades, with severe drought in the 70's and 80's and a relative re-greening in the recent years. Over the same period, changes in land use have occurred with an increase of the cultivated surfaces leading to a decrease of fallows and rangelands. As a result, a significant proportion of the land is bare or sparsely vegetated, and thus is not efficiently protected from the erosive action of wind. In this region, wind erosion tends to decrease the productive capacity of the soils whose fertility is already very low. In addition, the impact of wind erosion is expected to increase significantly in the near future (1) in relation with the expected changes in climate (in particular the modifications of precipitation and surface wind) and (2) in response to the increasing land use due to population increase and the related food needs. The aims of the CAVIARS project (Climate, Agriculture and Vegetation: Impacts on Aeolian ERosion in the Sahel) are to develop an integrated modeling tool to describe the evolution of wind erosion in the Sahel in connection with climatic and land use changes, to validate this tool in the current period by making the best possible use of the numerous data sets acquired in recent years over West Africa, and to test its ability to reproduce specific events (such as the drought in the Sahel) of the recent past (about the last 50 years). This project is based on a modeling approach of this recent past (hindcasts) that is justified by the need to ensure the robustness of the simulations with different forcings prior to any simulation of future scenarios. The proposed strategy is (1) to develop or optimize reliable modeling tools for quantifying the various terms (land use, changes in aridity...) responsible for changes in the intensity of wind erosion (2) to synthesize quality checked observations, that can be used as direct or indirect indicators of wind erosion (precipitation time series, changes in vegetation cover, atmospheric dust load,...) (3) to implement a validation strategy based on the quantification of wind erosion both locally, measured on grazed and cultivated plots, and at the regional and continental scales. (Texte intégral)

Published
2015

22. Unaccounted variability in NH3 agricultural sources detected by IASI contributing to European spring haze episode

Author

Fortems-Cheiney, A., Dufour, Gaëlle, Hamaoui-Laguel, L., Foret, G., Siour, G., Van Damme, Martin, Meleux, F., Coheur, Pierre, Clerbaux, Cathy, Clarisse, Lieven, Favez, O., Wallasch, M., Beekmann, M., Fortems-Cheiney, A., Dufour, Gaëlle, Hamaoui-Laguel, L., Foret, G., Siour, G., Van Damme, Martin, Meleux, F., Coheur, Pierre, Clerbaux, Cathy, Clarisse, Lieven, Favez, O., Wallasch, M., and Beekmann, M.

Abstract

Ammonia (NH3), whose main source in the troposphere is agriculture, is an important gaseous precursor of atmospheric particulate matter (PM). We derived daily ammonia emissions using NH3 total columns measured from the Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI) on board Metop-A, at a relatively high spatial resolution (grid cell of 0.5° × 0.5°). During the European spring haze episodes of 24–31 March 2012 and 8–15 March 2014, IASI reveals NH3 total column magnitudes highlighting higher NH3 emissions over central Europe (especially over Germany, Czech Republic, and eastern France) from the ones provided by the European reference European Monitoring and Evaluation Programme inventory. These ammonia emissions exhibit in addition a large day-to-day variability, certainly due to spreading practices. The increase of NH3 emissions in the model, that reaches +300% locally, leads to an increase of both NH3 and PM2.5 surface concentrations and allows for a better comparison with independent measurements (in terms of bias, root-mean-square error, and correlation). This study suggests that there are good prospects for better quantifying NH3 emissions by atmospheric inversions., SCOPUS: ar.j, FLWNA, info:eu-repo/semantics/published

Published
2016

23. Experimental observation of fractional echoes

Author

Karras, G., primary, Hertz, E., additional, Billard, F., additional, Lavorel, B., additional, Siour, G., additional, Hartmann, J.-M., additional, Faucher, O., additional, Gershnabel, Erez, additional, Prior, Yehiam, additional, and Averbukh, Ilya Sh., additional

Published
2016
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24. Unaccounted variability in NH 3 agricultural sources detected by IASI contributing to European spring haze episode

Author

Fortems‐Cheiney, A., primary, Dufour, G., additional, Hamaoui‐Laguel, L., additional, Foret, G., additional, Siour, G., additional, Van Damme, M., additional, Meleux, F., additional, Coheur, P.‐F., additional, Clerbaux, C., additional, Clarisse, L., additional, Favez, O., additional, Wallasch, M., additional, and Beekmann, M., additional

Published
2016
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25. On the radiative impact of aerosols on photolysis rates: comparison of simulations and observations in the Lampedusa island during the ChArMEx/ADRIMED campaign

Author

Mailler, S., primary, Menut, L., additional, di Sarra, A. G., additional, Becagli, S., additional, Di Iorio, T., additional, Bessagnet, B., additional, Briant, R., additional, Formenti, P., additional, Doussin, J.-F., additional, Gómez-Amo, J. L., additional, Mallet, M., additional, Rea, G., additional, Siour, G., additional, Sferlazzo, D. M., additional, Traversi, R., additional, Udisti, R., additional, and Turquety, S., additional

Published
2016
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30. On the radiative impact of aerosols on photolysis rates: comparison of simulations and observations in the Lampedusa island during the ChArMEx/ADRIMED campaign

Author

Mailler, S., primary, Menut, L., additional, di Sarra, A. G., additional, Becagli, S., additional, Di Iorio, T., additional, Formenti, P., additional, Bessagnet, B., additional, Briant, Régis, additional, Luis Gómez-Amo, J., additional, Mallet, M., additional, Rea, Géraldine, additional, Siour, G., additional, Sferlazzo, D. M., additional, Traversi, R., additional, Udisti, R., additional, and Turquety, S., additional

Published
2015
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33. Volatile and intermediate volatility organic compounds in suburban Paris: variability, origin and importance for SOA formation

Author

Ait-Helal, W., primary, Borbon, A., additional, Sauvage, S., additional, de Gouw, J. A., additional, Colomb, A., additional, Gros, V., additional, Freutel, F., additional, Crippa, M., additional, Afif, C., additional, Baltensperger, U., additional, Beekmann, M., additional, Doussin, J.-F., additional, Durand-Jolibois, R., additional, Fronval, I., additional, Grand, N., additional, Leonardis, T., additional, Lopez, M., additional, Michoud, V., additional, Miet, K., additional, Perrier, S., additional, Prévôt, A. S. H., additional, Schneider, J., additional, Siour, G., additional, Zapf, P., additional, and Locoge, N., additional

Published
2014
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36. Study of the unknown HONO daytime source at a European suburban site during the MEGAPOLI summer and winter field campaigns

Author

Michoud, V., primary, Colomb, A., additional, Borbon, A., additional, Miet, K., additional, Beekmann, M., additional, Camredon, M., additional, Aumont, B., additional, Perrier, S., additional, Zapf, P., additional, Siour, G., additional, Ait-Helal, W., additional, Afif, C., additional, Kukui, A., additional, Furger, M., additional, Dupont, J. C., additional, Haeffelin, M., additional, and Doussin, J. F., additional

Published
2014
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37. Volatile and intermediate-volatility organic compounds in sub-urban Paris: variability, origin and importance for SOA formation

Author

Ait-Helal, W., primary, Borbon, A., additional, Sauvage, S., additional, de Gouw, J. A., additional, Colomb, A., additional, Gros, V., additional, Freutel, F., additional, Crippa, M., additional, Afif, C., additional, Baltensperger, U., additional, Beekmann, M., additional, Doussin, J.-F., additional, Durand-Jolibois, R., additional, Fronval, I., additional, Grand, N., additional, Leonardis, T., additional, Lopez, M., additional, Michoud, V., additional, Miet, K., additional, Perrier, S., additional, Prévôt, A. S. H., additional, Schneider, J., additional, Siour, G., additional, Zapf, P., additional, and Locoge, N., additional

Published
2014
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38. Supplementary material to "Volatile and intermediate-volatility organic compounds in sub-urban Paris: variability, origin and importance for SOA formation"

Author

Ait-Helal, W., primary, Borbon, A., additional, Sauvage, S., additional, de Gouw, J. A., additional, Colomb, A., additional, Gros, V., additional, Freutel, F., additional, Crippa, M., additional, Afif, C., additional, Baltensperger, U., additional, Beekmann, M., additional, Doussin, J.-F., additional, Durand-Jolibois, R., additional, Fronval, I., additional, Grand, N., additional, Leonardis, T., additional, Lopez, M., additional, Michoud, V., additional, Miet, K., additional, Perrier, S., additional, Prévôt, A. S. H., additional, Schneider, J., additional, Siour, G., additional, Zapf, P., additional, and Locoge, N., additional

Published
2014
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39. Study of the unknown HONO daytime source at an European suburban site during the MEGAPOLI summer and winter field campaigns

Author

Michoud, V., primary, Colomb, A., additional, Borbon, A., additional, Miet, K., additional, Beekmann, M., additional, Camredon, M., additional, Aumont, B., additional, Perrier, S., additional, Zapf, P., additional, Siour, G., additional, Ait-Helal, W., additional, Afif, C., additional, Kukui, A., additional, Furger, M., additional, Dupont, J. C., additional, Haeffelin, M., additional, and Doussin, J. F., additional

Published
2013
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40. Supplementary material to "Study of the unknown HONO daytime source at an European suburban site during the MEGAPOLI summer and winter field campaigns"

Author

Michoud, V., primary, Colomb, A., additional, Borbon, A., additional, Miet, K., additional, Beekmann, M., additional, Camredon, M., additional, Aumont, B., additional, Perrier, S., additional, Zapf, P., additional, Siour, G., additional, Ait-Helal, W., additional, Afif, C., additional, Kukui, A., additional, Furger, M., additional, Dupont, J. C., additional, Haeffelin, M., additional, and Doussin, J. F., additional

Published
2013
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41. CHIMERE 2013: a model for regional atmospheric composition modelling

Author

Menut, L., primary, Bessagnet, B., additional, Khvorostyanov, D., additional, Beekmann, M., additional, Blond, N., additional, Colette, A., additional, Coll, I., additional, Curci, G., additional, Foret, G., additional, Hodzic, A., additional, Mailler, S., additional, Meleux, F., additional, Monge, J.-L., additional, Pison, I., additional, Siour, G., additional, Turquety, S., additional, Valari, M., additional, Vautard, R., additional, and Vivanco, M. G., additional

Published
2013
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42. Formation of organic aerosol in the Paris region during the MEGAPOLI summer campaign: evaluation of the volatility-basis-set approach within the CHIMERE model

Author

Zhang, Q. J., primary, Beekmann, M., additional, Drewnick, F., additional, Freutel, F., additional, Schneider, J., additional, Crippa, M., additional, Prevot, A. S. H., additional, Baltensperger, U., additional, Poulain, L., additional, Wiedensohler, A., additional, Sciare, J., additional, Gros, V., additional, Borbon, A., additional, Colomb, A., additional, Michoud, V., additional, Doussin, J.-F., additional, Denier van der Gon, H. A. C., additional, Haeffelin, M., additional, Dupont, J.-C., additional, Siour, G., additional, Petetin, H., additional, Bessagnet, B., additional, Pandis, S. N., additional, Hodzic, A., additional, Sanchez, O., additional, Honoré, C., additional, and Perrussel, O., additional

Published
2013
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44. Radical budget analysis in a suburban European site during the MEGAPOLI summer field campaign

Author

Michoud, V., primary, Kukui, A., additional, Camredon, M., additional, Colomb, A., additional, Borbon, A., additional, Miet, K., additional, Aumont, B., additional, Beekmann, M., additional, Durand-Jolibois, R., additional, Perrier, S., additional, Zapf, P., additional, Siour, G., additional, Ait-Helal, W., additional, Locoge, N., additional, Sauvage, S., additional, Afif, C., additional, Gros, V., additional, Furger, M., additional, Ancellet, G., additional, and Doussin, J. F., additional

Published
2012
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45. Formation of organic aerosol in the Paris region during the MEGAPOLI summer campaign: evaluation of the Volatility-Basis-Set approach within the CHIMERE model

Author

Zhang, Q. J., primary, Beekmann, M., additional, Drewnick, F., additional, Freutel, F., additional, Schneider, J., additional, Crippa, M., additional, Prévôt, A. S. H., additional, Baltensperger, U., additional, Poulain, L., additional, Wiedensohler, A., additional, Sciare, J., additional, Gros, V., additional, Borbon, A., additional, Colomb, A., additional, Michoud, V., additional, Doussin, J.-F., additional, Denier van der Gon, H. A. C., additional, Haeffelin, M., additional, Dupont, J.-C., additional, Siour, G., additional, Petetin, H., additional, Bessagnet, B., additional, Pandis, S. N., additional, Hodzic, A., additional, Sanchez, O., additional, Honoré, C., additional, and Perrussel, O., additional

Published
2012
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46. Supplementary material to "Formation of organic aerosol in the Paris region during the MEGAPOLI summer campaign: evaluation of the Volatility-Basis-Set approach within the CHIMERE model"

Author

Zhang, Q. J., primary, Beekmann, M., additional, Drewnick, F., additional, Freutel, F., additional, Schneider, J., additional, Crippa, M., additional, Prévôt, A. S. H., additional, Baltensperger, U., additional, Poulain, L., additional, Wiedensohler, A., additional, Sciare, J., additional, Gros, V., additional, Borbon, A., additional, Colomb, A., additional, Michoud, V., additional, Doussin, J.-F., additional, Denier van der Gon, H. A. C., additional, Haeffelin, M., additional, Dupont, J.-C., additional, Siour, G., additional, Petetin, H., additional, Bessagnet, B., additional, Pandis, S. N., additional, Hodzic, A., additional, Sanchez, O., additional, Honoré, C., additional, and Perrussel, O., additional

Published
2012
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47. Supplementary material to "Radical budget analysis in a suburban European site during the MEGAPOLI summer field campaign"

Author

Michoud, V., primary, Kukui, A., additional, Camredon, M., additional, Colomb, A., additional, Borbon, A., additional, Miet, K., additional, Aumont, B., additional, Beekmann, M., additional, Durand-Jolibois, R., additional, Perrier, S., additional, Zapf, P., additional, Siour, G., additional, Ait-Helal, W., additional, Locoge, N., additional, Sauvage, S., additional, Gros, V., additional, Afif, C., additional, Furger, M., additional, Ancellet, G., additional, and Doussin, J. F., additional

Published
2012
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49. Oligomer formation in the troposphere: from experimental knowledge to 3-D modeling.

Author

Lemaire, V., Coll, I., Couvidat, F., Mouchel-Vallon, C., Seigneur, C., and Siour, G.

Subjects
TROPOSPHERE, OLIGOMERS, ATMOSPHERIC aerosols
Abstract

The organic fraction of atmospheric aerosols has proven to be a critical element of air quality and climate issues. However, its composition and the aging processes it undergoes remain insufficiently understood. This work builds on laboratory knowledge to 5 simulate the formation of oligomers from biogenic secondary organic aerosol (BSOA) in the troposphere at the continental scale. We compare the results of two different modeling approaches, a 1st-order kinetic process and a pH-dependent parameterization, both implemented in the CHIMERE air quality model (AQM), to simulate the spatial and temporal distribution of oligomerized SOA over western Europe. Our results show that there is a strong dependence of the results on the selected modeling approach: while the irreversible kinetic process leads to the oligomerization of about 50% of the total BSOA mass, the pH-dependent approach shows a broader range of impacts, with a strong dependency on environmental parameters (pH and nature of aerosol) and the possibility for the process to be reversible. In parallel, we investigated the sensitivity of each modeling approach to the representation of SOA precursor solubility (Henry's law constant values). Finally, the pros and cons of each approach for the representation of SOA aging are discussed and recommendations are provided to improve current representations of oligomer formation in AQMs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2015
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50. Ozone and aerosols tropospheric concentrations variability analyzed using the ADRIMED measurements and the WRF-CHIMERE models.

Author

Menut, L., Mailler, S., Siour, G., Bessagnet, B., Turquety, S., Rea, G., Briant, R., Mallet, M., Sciare, J., Formenti, P., and Meleux, F.

Subjects
OZONE, ATMOSPHERIC aerosols, TROPOSPHERE, METEOROLOGICAL precipitation, MINERAL dusts
Abstract

During the months of June and July 2013, over the Euro-Mediterranean area, the ADRIMED (Aerosol Direct Radiative Impact on the regional climate in the MEDiterranean region) project was dedicated to characterize the ozone and aerosol concentrations in the troposphere. It is first shown that this period was not highly polluted compared to previous summers in this region, with a moderate ozone production, no significant vegetation fire events and several precipitation periods scavenging the aerosol. The period is modeled with the WRF (Weather Research and Forecasting) and CHIMERE models, and their ability to quantify the observed pollution transport events is presented. The CHIMERE model simulating all kinds of sources (anthropogenic, biogenic, mineral dust, vegetation fires); the aerosol speciation, not available with the measurements, is presented: during the whole period, the aerosol was mainly constituted by mineral dust, sea salt and sulfates close to the surface and mainly by mineral dust in the troposphere. Compared to the AERONET (Aerosol Robotic Network) size distribution, it is shown that the model underestimates the coarse mode near mineral dust sources and overestimates the fine mode in the Mediterranean area, highlighting the need to improve the model representation of the aerosol size distribution both during emissions, long-range transport and deposition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2015
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