1,685 results on '"Single sample"'
Search Results
2. An Improved Fourier Transformation Method for Single-Sample Ear Recognition
- Author
-
Srivastava, Ayush Raj, Kumar, Nitin, Angrisani, Leopoldo, Series Editor, Arteaga, Marco, Series Editor, Panigrahi, Bijaya Ketan, Series Editor, Chakraborty, Samarjit, Series Editor, Chen, Jiming, Series Editor, Chen, Shanben, Series Editor, Chen, Tan Kay, Series Editor, Dillmann, Rüdiger, Series Editor, Duan, Haibin, Series Editor, Ferrari, Gianluigi, Series Editor, Ferre, Manuel, Series Editor, Hirche, Sandra, Series Editor, Jabbari, Faryar, Series Editor, Jia, Limin, Series Editor, Kacprzyk, Janusz, Series Editor, Khamis, Alaa, Series Editor, Kroeger, Torsten, Series Editor, Li, Yong, Series Editor, Liang, Qilian, Series Editor, Martín, Ferran, Series Editor, Ming, Tan Cher, Series Editor, Minker, Wolfgang, Series Editor, Misra, Pradeep, Series Editor, Möller, Sebastian, Series Editor, Mukhopadhyay, Subhas, Series Editor, Ning, Cun-Zheng, Series Editor, Nishida, Toyoaki, Series Editor, Oneto, Luca, Series Editor, Pascucci, Federica, Series Editor, Qin, Yong, Series Editor, Seng, Gan Woon, Series Editor, Speidel, Joachim, Series Editor, Veiga, Germano, Series Editor, Wu, Haitao, Series Editor, Zamboni, Walter, Series Editor, Zhang, Junjie James, Series Editor, Muthusamy, Hariharan, editor, Botzheim, János, editor, and Nayak, Richi, editor
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Tailoring the sampling time of single-sample GFR measurement according to expected renal function: a multisite audit
- Author
-
Helena McMeekin, Sam Townrow, Mark Barnfield, Andy Bradley, Ben Fongenie, Daniel R. McGowan, Matthew Memmott, Charlotte A. Porter, Fred Wickham, Nick Vennart, and Maria Burniston
- Subjects
Glomerular filtration rate ,GFR ,Single sample ,Multisite audit ,Renal function ,Medical physics. Medical radiology. Nuclear medicine ,R895-920 - Abstract
Abstract Background The 2018 BNMS Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) guidelines recommend a single-sample technique with the sampling time dictated by the expected renal function, but this is not known with any accuracy before the test. We aimed to assess whether the sampling regime suggested in the guidelines is optimal and determine the error in GFR result if the sample time is chosen incorrectly. We can then infer the degree of flexibility in the sampling regime. Methods Data from 6328 patients referred for GFR assessment at 6 different hospitals for a variety of indications were reviewed. The difference between the single-sample (Fleming) GFR result at each sample time and the slope–intercept GFR result at each hospital was calculated. A second dataset of 777 studies from one hospital with nine samples collected from 5 min to 8 h post-injection was analysed to provide a reference GFR to which the single-sample results were compared. Results Recommended single-sample times have been revised: for an expected GFR above 90 ml/min/1.73m2 a 2-h sample is recommended; between 50 and 90 ml/min/1.73m2 a 3-h sample is recommended; and between 30 and 50 ml/min/1.73m2 a 4-h sample is recommended. Root mean square error in single-sample GFR result compared with slope–intercept can be kept less than or equal to 3.30 ml/min/1.73m2 by following these recommendations. Conclusion The results of this multisite study demonstrate a reassuringly wide range of sample times for an acceptably accurate single-sample GFR result. Modified recommended single-sample times have been proposed in line with the results, and a lookup table has been produced of rms errors across the full range of GFR results for the three sample times which can be used for error reporting of a mistimed sample.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. SOM-based binary coding for single sample face recognition.
- Author
-
Liu, Fan, Wang, Fei, Ding, Yuhua, and Yang, Sai
- Abstract
Due to the semantic gap between the insufficient facial features and facial identifying information, the single sample per person (SSPP) problem has always been a significant challenge in the field of facial recognition. To address this problem, this paper proposes a Self-Organizing Map (SOM)-based binary coding (SOM-BC) method, which extracts the middle-level semantic features by merging the SOM network with the Bag-of-Features (BoF) model. First, we extract the local features of the facial images using the SIFT descriptor. Next, inspired by human visual perception, we utilize a SOM neural network to obtain a visual words dictionary capable of reflecting the intrinsic structure of facial features in semantic space. Subsequently, a binary coding method is further proposed to map the local features into semantic space. Finally, we propose a simple but effective similarity measure method for classification. Experimental results on three public databases not only demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method, but also its high computational efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Detect the early-warning signals of diseases based on signaling pathway perturbations on a single sample
- Author
-
Yanhao Huo, Geng Zhao, Luoshan Ruan, Peng Xu, Gang Fang, Fengyue Zhang, Zhenshen Bao, and Xin Li
- Subjects
Pre-disease state ,Early warning signals ,Single sample ,Signal perturbation ,Signaling pathway ,Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics ,R858-859.7 ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
Abstract Background During the pathogenesisof complex diseases, a sudden health deterioration will occur as results of the cumulative effect of various internal or external factors. The prediction of an early warning signal (pre-disease state) before such deterioration is very important in clinical practice, especially for a single sample. The single-sample landscape entropy (SLE) was proposed to tackle this issue. However, the PPI used in SLE was lack of definite biological meanings. Besides, the calculation of multiple correlations based on limited reference samples in SLE is time-consuming and suspect. Results Abnormal signals generally exert their effect through the static definite biological functions in signaling pathways across the development of diseases. Thus, it is a natural way to study the propagation of the early-warning signals based on the signaling pathways in the KEGG database. In this paper, we propose a signaling perturbation method named SSP, to study the early-warning signal in signaling pathways for single dynamic time-series data. Results in three real datasets including the influenza virus infection, lung adenocarcinoma, and acute lung injury show that the proposed SSP outperformed the SLE. Moreover, the early-warning signal can be detected by one important signaling pathway PI3K-Akt. Conclusions These results all indicate that the static model in pathways could simplify the detection of the early-warning signals.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. 基于线性注意力机制的单样本生成对抗网络研究.
- Author
-
陈曦, 赵红东, 杨东旭, 徐柯南, 任星霖, and 封慧杰
- Abstract
At present, using single-sample training to generate adversarial networks has become the focus of researchers. However, the problems that the model is not easy to converge, the generated image structure collapses, and the training speed is slow still need to be solved urgently. Researchers propose to use a self-attention model in the generative adversarial network to obtain a larger range of samples and improve the quality of the generated images. It is found that using the traditional convolutional self-atention modelcausesawasteofcomputingresourcesduetotheredundancyofinformationinthe attention map. A novel linear attention model is proposed, in which a double normalization method is usedtoaleviatetheproblem of the atent on modelbeingsenstivetoinputfeatures, andanewsingle-samplegenerativeadversarialnetworkmodelisbuiltusingthismodel. In addition, themodelusesresidualnetworkandspectralnormalization methods for stable training, reducing the risk of col apse. A largenumberofexperimentsshowthat, comparedwiththeexistingtraining model, this model has the characteristicsoffasttrainingspeed, highresolutionofgeneratedimages, andobviousimprovementof evaluationindicators. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Tailoring the sampling time of single-sample GFR measurement according to expected renal function: a multisite audit.
- Author
-
McMeekin, Helena, Townrow, Sam, Barnfield, Mark, Bradley, Andy, Fongenie, Ben, McGowan, Daniel R., Memmott, Matthew, Porter, Charlotte A., Wickham, Fred, Vennart, Nick, and Burniston, Maria
- Subjects
- *
KIDNEY physiology , *STANDARD deviations , *GLOMERULAR filtration rate - Abstract
Background: The 2018 BNMS Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) guidelines recommend a single-sample technique with the sampling time dictated by the expected renal function, but this is not known with any accuracy before the test. We aimed to assess whether the sampling regime suggested in the guidelines is optimal and determine the error in GFR result if the sample time is chosen incorrectly. We can then infer the degree of flexibility in the sampling regime. Methods: Data from 6328 patients referred for GFR assessment at 6 different hospitals for a variety of indications were reviewed. The difference between the single-sample (Fleming) GFR result at each sample time and the slope–intercept GFR result at each hospital was calculated. A second dataset of 777 studies from one hospital with nine samples collected from 5 min to 8 h post-injection was analysed to provide a reference GFR to which the single-sample results were compared. Results: Recommended single-sample times have been revised: for an expected GFR above 90 ml/min/1.73m2 a 2-h sample is recommended; between 50 and 90 ml/min/1.73m2 a 3-h sample is recommended; and between 30 and 50 ml/min/1.73m2 a 4-h sample is recommended. Root mean square error in single-sample GFR result compared with slope–intercept can be kept less than or equal to 3.30 ml/min/1.73m2 by following these recommendations. Conclusion: The results of this multisite study demonstrate a reassuringly wide range of sample times for an acceptably accurate single-sample GFR result. Modified recommended single-sample times have been proposed in line with the results, and a lookup table has been produced of rms errors across the full range of GFR results for the three sample times which can be used for error reporting of a mistimed sample. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. 基于孪生神经网络的恶意流量检测方法.
- Author
-
李道全, 鲁晓夫, and 杨乾乾
- Subjects
ARTIFICIAL neural networks ,CELL phone users ,SMART devices ,SCIENTIFIC method ,DEEP learning ,TRAFFIC monitoring - Abstract
Copyright of Journal of Computer Engineering & Applications is the property of Beijing Journal of Computer Engineering & Applications Journal Co Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Detect the early-warning signals of diseases based on signaling pathway perturbations on a single sample.
- Author
-
Huo, Yanhao, Zhao, Geng, Ruan, Luoshan, Xu, Peng, Fang, Gang, Zhang, Fengyue, Bao, Zhenshen, and Li, Xin
- Subjects
- *
CELLULAR signal transduction , *SIGNAL detection , *VIRUS diseases , *INFLUENZA A virus - Abstract
Background: During the pathogenesisof complex diseases, a sudden health deterioration will occur as results of the cumulative effect of various internal or external factors. The prediction of an early warning signal (pre-disease state) before such deterioration is very important in clinical practice, especially for a single sample. The single-sample landscape entropy (SLE) was proposed to tackle this issue. However, the PPI used in SLE was lack of definite biological meanings. Besides, the calculation of multiple correlations based on limited reference samples in SLE is time-consuming and suspect. Results: Abnormal signals generally exert their effect through the static definite biological functions in signaling pathways across the development of diseases. Thus, it is a natural way to study the propagation of the early-warning signals based on the signaling pathways in the KEGG database. In this paper, we propose a signaling perturbation method named SSP, to study the early-warning signal in signaling pathways for single dynamic time-series data. Results in three real datasets including the influenza virus infection, lung adenocarcinoma, and acute lung injury show that the proposed SSP outperformed the SLE. Moreover, the early-warning signal can be detected by one important signaling pathway PI3K-Akt. Conclusions: These results all indicate that the static model in pathways could simplify the detection of the early-warning signals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Analysis Technology Based on Single Sample.
- Author
-
Wei, Z. and Lin, M.
- Subjects
- *
ALGORITHMS , *STATISTICAL correlation , *PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry , *INFRARED spectroscopy - Abstract
Application of near-infrared spectroscopy to the prediction of sample content is strongly limited by signal peak overlap. To analyze the spectral information directly related to the target components and to make the chemometric model more explanatory, an independent characteristic projection algorithm is proposed. The algorithm was applied to the independent spectral analysis of a single sample using corn as a representative example. Moisture, oil, protein, and starch, which are the four main components of corn, were the target components. The pure component spectra were used the projection directions to decompose the near-infrared spectrum of a single corn sample; then four decomposed spectra corresponding to the four pure component spectra were obtained. Their corresponding relationship was determined using their correlation coefficients and by comparing their characteristic peaks, and the molecular absorption patterns corresponding to the characteristic absorption peaks of each decomposed spectrum were analyzed in detail. The theoretical analysis and experimental results indicate that the independent characteristic projection algorithm can be applied to single-sample spectral analysis to extract more complete physicochemical information about the target components and provide a theoretical basis for establishing a robust near-infrared spectral chemometric model with great extrapolation capability and stability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Single-Sample Face Recognition Based on Feature Expansion
- Author
-
Rui Min, Shengping Xu, and Zongyong Cui
- Subjects
Face recognition ,single sample ,transfer learning ,sample expansion ,feature space ,Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering ,TK1-9971 - Abstract
Face recognition (FR) with a single sample per person (SSPP) is one of the most challenging problems in computer vision. In this scenario, it is difficult to predict facial variation such as pose, illumination, and disguise due to the lack of enough training samples. Therefore, the development of the FR system with only a small number of training samples is hindered. To address this problem, this paper proposes a scheme combined transfer learning and sample expansion in feature space. First, it uses transfer learning by training a deep convolutional neural network on a common multi-sample face dataset and then applies the well-trained model to a target data set. Second, it proposes a sample expansion method in feature space called k class feature transfer (KCFT) to enrich intra-class variation information for a single-sample face feature. Compared with other expanding sample methods in the image domain, this method of expanding the samples in the feature domain is novel and easy to implement. Third, it trains a softmax classifier with expanded face features. The experimental results on ORL, FERET, and LFW face databases demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed method for various facial variations.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Single Sample Face Recognition Based on Global Local Binary Pattern Feature Extraction
- Author
-
Zhang, Meng, Zhang, Li, Hu, Chengxiang, Hutchison, David, Series editor, Kanade, Takeo, Series editor, Kittler, Josef, Series editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., Series editor, Mattern, Friedemann, Series editor, Mitchell, John C., Series editor, Naor, Moni, Series editor, Pandu Rangan, C., Series editor, Steffen, Bernhard, Series editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, Series editor, Tygar, Doug, Series editor, Weikum, Gerhard, Series editor, Liu, Derong, editor, Xie, Shengli, editor, Li, Yuanqing, editor, Zhao, Dongbin, editor, and El-Alfy, El-Sayed M., editor
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Evaluation of Pathway Activation for a Single Sample Toward Inflammatory Bowel Disease Classification
- Author
-
Xingyi Li, Min Li, Ruiqing Zheng, Xiang Chen, Ju Xiang, Fang-Xiang Wu, and Jianxin Wang
- Subjects
similar complex diseases ,pathway activation ,single sample ,inflammatory bowel disease ,pathway biomarkers ,Genetics ,QH426-470 - Abstract
Since similar complex diseases are much alike in clinical symptoms, patients are easily misdiagnosed and mistreated. It is crucial to accurately predict the disease status and identify markers with high sensitivity and specificity for classifying similar complex diseases. Many approaches incorporating network information have been put forward to predict outcomes, but they are not robust because of their low reproducibility. Several pathway-based methods are robust and functionally interpretable. However, few methods characterize the disease-specific states of single samples from the perspective of pathways. In this study, we propose a novel framework, Pathway Activation for Single Sample (PASS), which utilizes the pathway information in a single sample way to better recognize the differences between two similar complex diseases. PASS can mainly be divided into two parts: for each pathway, the extent of perturbation of edges and the statistic difference of genes caused by a single disease sample are quantified; then, a novel method, named as an AUCpath, is applied to evaluate the pathway activation for single samples from the perspective of genes and their interactions. We have applied PASS to two main types of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and widely verified the characteristics of PASS. For a new patient, PASS features can be used as the indicators or potential pathway biomarkers to precisely diagnose complex diseases, discover significant features with interpretability and explore changes in the biological mechanisms of diseases.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Single sample scoring of molecular phenotypes
- Author
-
Momeneh Foroutan, Dharmesh D. Bhuva, Ruqian Lyu, Kristy Horan, Joseph Cursons, and Melissa J. Davis
- Subjects
Single sample ,Gene set score ,Singscore ,Gene signature ,Gene set enrichment ,Transcriptome ,Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics ,R858-859.7 ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
Abstract Background Gene set scoring provides a useful approach for quantifying concordance between sample transcriptomes and selected molecular signatures. Most methods use information from all samples to score an individual sample, leading to unstable scores in small data sets and introducing biases from sample composition (e.g. varying numbers of samples for different cancer subtypes). To address these issues, we have developed a truly single sample scoring method, and associated R/Bioconductor package singscore (https://bioconductor.org/packages/singscore). Results We use multiple cancer data sets to compare singscore against widely-used methods, including GSVA, z-score, PLAGE, and ssGSEA. Our approach does not depend upon background samples and scores are thus stable regardless of the composition and number of samples being scored. In contrast, scores obtained by GSVA, z-score, PLAGE and ssGSEA can be unstable when less data are available (N S
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Accuracy of iohexol plasma clearance for GFR-determination: a comparison between single and dual sampling
- Author
-
Yong Zhang, Zhun Sui, Ze Yu, Tai Feng Li, Wan Yu Feng, and Li Zuo
- Subjects
Glomerular filtration rate ,Plasma clearance ,Iohexol ,Single sample ,Slope-intercept ,Diseases of the genitourinary system. Urology ,RC870-923 - Abstract
Abstract Background Current guidelines regarding plasma-sampling techniques for glomerular filtration rate (GFR) determination are inconsistent. Single-sample methods are commonly believed not to be precise enough to meet clinical demands. The present study compared the agreement between single- and dual- plasma sampling methods with a three-point plasma clearance of iohexol. Methods A total of 46 healthy volunteers and 124 chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients with varying degrees of renal dysfunction received 5 ml iohexol (300 mgI/ml) i.v. and plasma samples were drawn at 2-, 3- and 4-h post-injection. Plasma-iodine concentrations were detected by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Results Bias was similar among single-plasma sampling methods (SPSM) and dual-plasma sampling methods (DPSM). The best correlation was obtained from the 2- and 4-h DPSM (concordance correlation coefficient [CCC]: 0.9988) with none of the estimates differed by more than 30% from the reference GFR and only one (0.06%) estimate differed by more than 10% (P30, 100%; P10, 99.4%). SPSM using samples around 3- or 4-h demonstrated acceptable accuracy at a GFR level of ≥60 ml/min/1.73m2 (P30 = 100% and P10 > 75% for both measurements). Conclusion 4-h SPSM is advantageous in clinical practice in subjects with GFR ≥ 60 ml/min/1.73m2. For patients with an expected GFR
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Auxiliary Dictionary of Diversity Learning for Face Recognition with a Single Sample Per Person.
- Author
-
Gan, Weifa, Yang, Huixian, Zeng, Jinfang, and Chen, Fan
- Subjects
- *
MIRROR images , *ALGORITHMS , *HUMAN facial recognition software - Abstract
Face recognition for a single sample per person is challenging due to the lack of sufficient sample information. However, using generic training set to learn an auxiliary dictionary is an effective way to alleviate this problem. Considering generic training sample of diversity, we proposed an algorithm of auxiliary dictionary of diversity learning (ADDL). We first produced virtual face images by mirror images, square block occlusion and grey transform, and then learned an auxiliary dictionary of diversity using a designed objective function. Considering patch-based method can reduce the influence of variations, we seek extended sparse representation with l2-minimization for each probe patch. Experimental results in the CMUPIE, Extended Yale B and LFW datasets demonstrate that ADDL performs better than other related algorithms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Evaluation of Pathway Activation for a Single Sample Toward Inflammatory Bowel Disease Classification.
- Author
-
Li, Xingyi, Li, Min, Zheng, Ruiqing, Chen, Xiang, Xiang, Ju, Wu, Fang-Xiang, and Wang, Jianxin
- Subjects
NOSOLOGY ,INFLAMMATORY bowel diseases ,INFORMATION networks - Abstract
Since similar complex diseases are much alike in clinical symptoms, patients are easily misdiagnosed and mistreated. It is crucial to accurately predict the disease status and identify markers with high sensitivity and specificity for classifying similar complex diseases. Many approaches incorporating network information have been put forward to predict outcomes, but they are not robust because of their low reproducibility. Several pathway-based methods are robust and functionally interpretable. However, few methods characterize the disease-specific states of single samples from the perspective of pathways. In this study, we propose a novel framework, Pathway Activation for Single Sample (PASS), which utilizes the pathway information in a single sample way to better recognize the differences between two similar complex diseases. PASS can mainly be divided into two parts: for each pathway, the extent of perturbation of edges and the statistic difference of genes caused by a single disease sample are quantified; then, a novel method, named as an AUCpath, is applied to evaluate the pathway activation for single samples from the perspective of genes and their interactions. We have applied PASS to two main types of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and widely verified the characteristics of PASS. For a new patient, PASS features can be used as the indicators or potential pathway biomarkers to precisely diagnose complex diseases, discover significant features with interpretability and explore changes in the biological mechanisms of diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. RP-LPP : a random permutation based locality preserving projection for cancelable biometric recognition.
- Author
-
Kumar, Nitin and Rawat, Manisha
- Subjects
IMAGE registration ,BIOMETRIC identification - Abstract
Biometrics are being increasingly used across the world, but it also raises privacy and security concerns of the enrolled identities. The main reason is due to the fact that biometrics are not cancelable and if compromised may give access to the intruder. Cancelable biometric template is a solution to this problem which can be reissued if compromised. In this paper, we suggest a simple and powerful method called Random Permutation Locality Preserving Projection (RP-LPP) for Cancelable Biometric Recognition. Here, we exploit the mathematical relationship between the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the original biometric image and its randomly permuted version is exploited for carrying out cancelable biometric recognition. The proposed technique work in a cryptic manner by accepting the cancelable biometric template and a key (called PIN) issued to a user. The effectiveness of the proposed techniques is demonstrated on three freely available face (ORL), iris (UBIRIS) and ear (IITD) datasets against state-of-the-art methods. The advantages of proposed technique are (i) the classification accuracy remains unaffected due to cancelable biometric templates generated using random permutation, (ii) security and quality of generated templates and (iii) robustness across different biometrics. In addition, no image registration is required for performing recognition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Using singscore to predict mutation status in acute myeloid leukemia from transcriptomic signatures [version 3; peer review: 2 approved]
- Author
-
Dharmesh D. Bhuva, Momeneh Foroutan, Yi Xie, Ruqian Lyu, Joseph Cursons, and Melissa J. Davis
- Subjects
Software Tool Article ,Articles ,single sample ,gene set scoring ,signature scoring ,AML mutations ,NPM1c mutation ,mutation prediction ,TCGA - Abstract
Advances in RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) technologies that measure the transcriptome of biological samples have revolutionised our ability to understand transcriptional regulatory programs that underpin diseases such as cancer. We recently published singscore - a single sample, rank-based gene set scoring method which quantifies how concordant the transcriptional profile of individual samples are relative to specific gene sets of interest. Here we demonstrate the application of singscore to investigate transcriptional profiles associated with specific mutations or genetic lesions in acute myeloid leukemia. Using matched genomic and transcriptomic data available through the TCGA we show that scoring of appropriate signatures can distinguish samples with corresponding mutations, reflecting the ability of these mutations to drive aberrant transcriptional programs involved in leukemogenesis. We believe the singscore method is particularly useful for studying heterogeneity within a specific subsets of cancers, and as demonstrated, we show the ability of singscore to identify where alternative mutations appear to drive similar transcriptional programs.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Using singscore to predict mutation status in acute myeloid leukemia from transcriptomic signatures [version 2; peer review: 1 approved, 1 approved with reservations]
- Author
-
Dharmesh D. Bhuva, Momeneh Foroutan, Yi Xie, Ruqian Lyu, Joseph Cursons, and Melissa J. Davis
- Subjects
Software Tool Article ,Articles ,single sample ,gene set scoring ,signature scoring ,AML mutations ,NPM1c mutation ,mutation prediction ,TCGA - Abstract
Advances in RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) technologies that measure the transcriptome of biological samples have revolutionised our ability to understand transcriptional regulatory programs that underpin diseases such as cancer. We recently published singscore - a single sample, rank-based gene set scoring method which quantifies how concordant the transcriptional profile of individual samples are relative to specific gene sets of interest. Here we demonstrate the application of singscore to investigate transcriptional profiles associated with specific mutations or genetic lesions in acute myeloid leukemia. Using matched genomic and transcriptomic data available through the TCGA we show that scoring of appropriate signatures can distinguish samples with corresponding mutations, reflecting the ability of these mutations to drive aberrant transcriptional programs involved in leukemogenesis. We believe the singscore method is particularly useful for studying heterogeneity within a specific subsets of cancers, and as demonstrated, we show the ability of singscore to identify where alternative mutations appear to drive similar transcriptional programs.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Using singscore to predict mutations in acute myeloid leukemia from transcriptomic signatures [version 1; peer review: 1 approved, 1 approved with reservations]
- Author
-
Dharmesh D. Bhuva, Momeneh Foroutan, Yi Xie, Ruqian Lyu, Joseph Cursons, and Melissa J. Davis
- Subjects
Software Tool Article ,Articles ,single sample ,gene set scoring ,signature scoring ,AML mutations ,NPM1c mutation ,mutation prediction ,TCGA - Abstract
Advances in RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) technologies that measure the transcriptome of biological samples have revolutionised our ability to understand transcriptional regulatory programs that underpin diseases such as cancer. We recently published singscore - a single sample, rank-based gene set scoring method which quantifies how concordant the transcriptional profile of individual samples are relative to specific gene sets of interest. Here we demonstrate the application of singscore to investigate transcriptional profiles associated with specific mutations or genetic lesions in acute myeloid leukemia. Using matched genomic and transcriptomic data available through the TCGA we show that scoring of appropriate signatures can distinguish samples with corresponding mutations, reflecting the ability of these mutations to drive aberrant transcriptional programs involved in leukemogenesis. We believe the singscore method is particularly useful for studying heterogeneity within a specific subsets of cancers, and as demonstrated, we show the ability of singscore to identify where alternative mutations appear to drive similar transcriptional programs.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Single-Sample Face Recognition Based on WSSRC and Expanding Sample
- Author
-
Xu, Zhijing, Ye, Li, He, Xiangjian, Hutchison, David, Series editor, Kanade, Takeo, Series editor, Kittler, Josef, Series editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., Series editor, Mattern, Friedemann, Series editor, Mitchell, John C., Series editor, Naor, Moni, Series editor, Pandu Rangan, C., Series editor, Steffen, Bernhard, Series editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, Series editor, Tygar, Doug, Series editor, Weikum, Gerhard, Series editor, Bikakis, Antonis, editor, and Zheng, Xianghan, editor
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Automobile Driver Fatigue Detection Method Based on Facial Image Recognition under Single Sample Condition
- Author
-
Cangyan Xiao, Liu Han, and Shuzhao Chen
- Subjects
facial image ,single sample ,automobile driver ,fatigue detection ,Mathematics ,QA1-939 - Abstract
Under the existing single sample condition, the fatigue detection method of an automobile driver has some problems, such as an improper camera calibration method, image denoising beyond the controllable range, low fatigue detection accuracy, and unsatisfactory effect. A fatigue detection method for drivers based on face recognition under a single sample condition is proposed. Firstly, the camera is calibrated by Zhang Zhengyou’s calibration method. The optimal camera parameters were calculated by linear simulation analysis, and the image was nonlinear refined by the maximum likelihood method. Then, the corrected image effect is enhanced, and the scale parameter gap in the MSRCR image enhancement method is adjusted to the minimum. The detection efficiency is improved by a symmetric algorithm. Finally, the texture mapping technology is used to enhance the authenticity of the enhanced image, and the face image recognition is carried out. The constraint conditions of fatigue detection are established, and the fatigue detection of car drivers under the condition of a single sample is completed. Experimental results show that the proposed method has a good overall detection effect: the fatigue detection accuracy is 20% higher than that of the traditional method, and the average detection time is over 30%. Compared with the traditional fatigue detection methods, this method has obvious advantages, can effectively extract more useful information from the image, and has strong applicability.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Parameter Optimization of Single Sample Virtually Expanded Method.
- Author
-
Xiaoxia Zhao, Wenjun Meng, Jinhu Su, and Yuxuan Chen
- Published
- 2019
25. Cropped and Extended Patch Collaborative Representation Face Recognition for a Single Sample Per Person.
- Author
-
Huixian Yang, Gan, Weifa, Chen, Fan, and Zeng, Jinfang
- Abstract
Face recognition for a single sample per person (SSPP) is a challenging task due to the lack of sufficient sample information. In this paper, in order to raise the performance of face recognition for SSPP, we propose an algorithm of cropped and extended patch collaborative representation for a single sample per person (CEPCRC). Considering the fact that patch-based method can availably avoid the effect of variations, and the fact that intra-class variations learned from a generic training set can sparsely represent the possible facial variations, thus, we extend patch collaborative representation based classification into the SSPP scenarios by using the intra-class variant dictionary and learn patch weight by exploiting regularized margin distribution optimization. For more complementary information, we construct multiple training samples by the means of cropping. Experimental results in the CMU PIE, Extended Yale B, AR, and LFW datasets demonstrate that CEPCRC performs better compared to the related algorithms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. An improvement to linear regression classification for face recognition.
- Author
-
Peng, Yali, Ke, Jingcheng, Liu, Shigang, Li, Jun, and Lei, Tao
- Abstract
Linear regression classification (LRC) has attracted a great amount of attention owning to its promising performance in face recognition. However, its performance will dramatically decline in the scenario of limited training samples per class, particularly when only single training sample is available for a specific person. In this paper, a novel LRC based method is proposed to solve this problem. Specifically, we first perform LRC on the training set to obtain a kind of residual for each class. Next, a reverse representation residual is derived for each training sample of a class by exploiting the linear combination of the training samples of its nearest classes and the test sample. Then, we combine the reverse representation residuals of the class by an adaptive weighted-average approach to produce the other kind of residual. Finally, two kinds of residuals are fused to classify the test sample. Experimental results on the ORL, FERET, Libor94 and CMU-PIE face databases demonstrate that the proposed method obtains a higher recognition rate than some state-of-the-art face recognition methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. 一种雷达信号的单样本压缩采样方法.
- Author
-
梁胜浴, 黄建军, 黄敬雄, and 刘 显
- Abstract
Copyright of Journal of Signal Processing is the property of Journal of Signal Processing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Integrating generalized domain adaptation and Fisher discriminative learning: A unified framework for face recognition with single sample per person
- Author
-
Yongjie Chu, Touqeer Ahmad, and Lindu Zhao
- Subjects
Statistics and Probability ,Domain adaptation ,Artificial Intelligence ,Computer science ,Speech recognition ,General Engineering ,Single sample ,Facial recognition system ,Discriminative learning - Abstract
In this paper, an enhanced discriminative feature learning (EDFL) method is proposed to address single sample per person (SSPP) face recognition. With a separate auxiliary dataset, EDFL integrates Fisher discriminative learning and domain adaptation into a unified framework. The separate auxiliary dataset and the gallery/probe dataset are from two different domains (named source and target domains respectively) and have different data distributions. EDFL is modeled to transfer the discriminative knowledge learned from the source domain to the target domain for classification. Since the gallery set with SSPP contains scarce number of samples, it is hard to accurately represent the data distribution of the target domain, which hinders the adaptation effect. To overcome this problem, the generalized domain adaption (GDA) method is proposed to realize good overall domain adaptation when one domain contains limited samples. GDA considers the both global and local domain adaptation effect at the same time. Further, to guarantee that the learned domain adaptation components are optimal for discriminative learning, the domain adaptation and Fisher discriminant model learning are unified into a single framework and an efficient algorithm is designed to optimize them. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is demonstrated by extensive evaluation and comparison with some state-of-the-art methods.
- Published
- 2021
29. Identifying Critical States of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Based on Single- Sample Dynamic Network Biomarkers Combined with Simulated Annealing Algorithm
- Author
-
Tianhao Guan, Jie Gao, Gang Zhou, Yichen Sun, Yujie Wang, and Hongqian Zhao
- Subjects
Computational Mathematics ,Dynamic network analysis ,Computer science ,Hepatocellular carcinoma ,Simulated annealing ,Genetics ,medicine ,Single sample ,medicine.disease ,Molecular Biology ,Biochemistry ,Algorithm - Abstract
Background: Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignant tumors. Due to the insidious onset and poor prognosis, most patients have reached the advanced stage at the time of diagnosis. Objective: Studies have shown that Dynamic Network Biomarkers (DNB) can effectively identify the critical state of complex diseases such as HCC from normal state to disease state. Therefore, it is very important to detect DNB efficiently and reliably. Methods: This paper selects a dataset containing eight HCC disease states. First, an individual-specific network is constructed for each sample and features are extracted. In the context of this network, a simulated annealing algorithm is used to search for potential dynamic network biomarker modules, and the evolution of HCC is determined. Results: In fact, in the period of Low-Grade Dysplasia (LGD) and High-Grade Dysplasia (HGD), DNB sends an indicative warning signal, which means that liver dysplasia is a very important critical state in the development of HCC disease. Compared with landscape dynamic network biomarkers method (LDNB), our method can not only describe the statistical characteristics of each disease state, but also yield better results including getting more DNBs enriched in HCC related pathways. Conclusion: The results of this study may be of great significance to the prevention and early diagnosis of HCC.
- Published
- 2021
30. Single sample per person face recognition algorithm based on the robust prototype dictionary and robust variation dictionary construction
- Author
-
Shan Xue and Hai-Peng Ren
- Subjects
Variation (linguistics) ,Computer science ,business.industry ,Signal Processing ,Single sample ,Pattern recognition ,Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition ,Artificial intelligence ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,business ,Facial recognition system ,Software - Published
- 2021
31. Monoplex and multiplex immunoassays: approval, advancements, and alternatives
- Author
-
Haseeb Ahsan
- Subjects
Analyte ,Multiplex assays ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,Monoplex assays ,Computer science ,business.industry ,ELISA, LFIA, RIA ,Medical laboratory ,Single sample ,Review Article ,Computational biology ,Laboratory results ,Pathology and Forensic Medicine ,Microsphere ,Immunoassay ,medicine ,Multiplex ,Anatomy ,Immunoassays ,business ,Limited resources ,Biomarkers - Abstract
Immunoassays are a powerful diagnostic tool and are widely used for the quantification of proteins and biomolecules in medical diagnosis and research. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is the most commonly used immunoassay format and allows the detection of biomarkers at a very low concentration. The diagnostic platforms such as enzyme immunoassay (EIA), chemiluminescence (CL) assay, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), flow cytometry (FC), and mass spectrometry (MS) have been used to identify molecular biomarkers. However, these diagnostic tools requiring expensive equipment, long testing time, and qualified personnel that is not always available in small local hospitals with limited resources. The lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) platform was developed for rapidly obtaining laboratory results and to make urgent decisions in emergency medicine, as well as the recently introduced concept of testing at the site of care (point-of-care, POC). The simultaneous measurement of different substances from a single sample called multiplex assays have become increasingly significant for in vitro quantification of multiple analytes in a single sample, thereby minimising cost, time, and volume. In multiplex immunoassays, the ligands are immobilized either in planar format (flat surface) or on microspheres in suspension that binds to target analytes in sample. The multiplex technology has established itself in proteomic networks and pathways, validation of genomic discoveries, and in the development of clinical biomarkers. In the present review article, various types of monoplex/simplex and complex/multiplex immunoassays have been analysed that are increasingly being applied in laboratory medicine. Also, some advantages and disadvantages of these multiplex assays have also been included such as experimental animals, in vitro tests using cell lines and tissue samples, 3-dimensional modelling and bioprinting, in silico tests, organ-on-chip, and computer modelling.
- Published
- 2021
32. Cell-free DNA test for pathogenic copy number variations: A retrospective study
- Author
-
David S. Cram, Yali Hu, Peixuan Cao, Wanjun Wang, Xiangyu Zhu, Wei Liu, Honglei Duan, and Jie Li
- Subjects
Adult ,DNA Copy Number Variations ,endocrine system diseases ,Microduplication syndromes ,Microdeletion syndromes ,Chromosome Disorders ,Single sample ,Cell-free DNA ,Pregnancy ,Prenatal Diagnosis ,mental disorders ,Humans ,Medicine ,Genetic Testing ,Copy-number variation ,Detection rate (DR) ,Retrospective Studies ,Chromosome Aberrations ,Genetics ,Fetus ,Copy number variations (CNVs) ,business.industry ,Microarray analysis techniques ,Obstetrics and Gynecology ,Chromosome ,Retrospective cohort study ,DNA ,Sequence Analysis, DNA ,Gynecology and obstetrics ,Microarray Analysis ,Cell-free fetal DNA ,Quality standard ,RG1-991 ,Female ,business ,Cell-Free Nucleic Acids - Abstract
Objective To evaluate the detection rate (DR) by prenatal cell-free DNA test for pathogenic copy number variations (CNVs)>2 Mb among pregnancies with fetal ultrasound abnormalities. Materials and methods This was a retrospective study on 29 pregnant women with fetuses diagnosed as microdeletion/microduplication syndromes by prenatal chromosome microarray analysis (CMA). Cell-free DNA from the maternal plasma was sequenced on the NextSeq CN500 sequencer. The quality standard of unique map reads in a single sample was greater than 10 M and only gains and losses of more than 2 Mb were reported. Results A total of 24 CNVs were identified by cell-free DNA test among the 21 fetuses with pathogenic CNVs identified by prenatal CMA, including 20 consistent CNVs and 4 inconsistent CNVs. Overall, the DR of cell-free DNA test for pathogenic CNVs >2 Mb was 69%. Microdeletions or microduplications at 22q11.2 were the most common CNVs, with a DR of 4/5 (80%) and 3/4 (75%) respectively. Conclusion Cell-free DNA test exhibited a moderate DR for pathogenic CNVs >2 Mb among fetuses with ultrasound abnormalities. Cell-free DNA test could provide an opportunity for early screening before the appearance of abnormalities on fetal ultrasound, while further clinical data and cost-effectiveness assessment are needed.
- Published
- 2021
33. Тhe method of immunomicrochip technology in the control of antimicrobial substances in the monitoring of livestock products
- Author
-
L. M. Arsenyeva, G. M. Goryainova, and E. A. Denisova
- Subjects
Waste management ,business.industry ,Aerospace Engineering ,Environmental science ,Livestock ,Single sample ,Raw material ,business ,Antimicrobial - Abstract
Relevance.The article highlights the problem of detecting residual amounts of antimicrobial substances in dairy products. The widespread use of medicines in veterinary medicine and animal husbandry creates certain problems associated with the possible contamination of raw materials and products with residual amounts of these substances in case of non-compliance with veterinary rules and regulations. On this basis it is necessary to monitor the content of drugs in animal products. Currently, microbiological and physico-chemical methods for the determination of antibacterial substances are used in Russia.Methods. O ne of the innovative directions in this field are methods, based on nanobiotechnology and, in particular, the immunomicrochip method. The immunomicrochip technology is designed for simultaneous qualitative and quantitative evaluation of several substances from a single sample.Results. During the research, the optimal parameters for detecting residual amounts of beta-lactam antibiotics, antibiotics of other groups and sulfonamides in milk and dairy products were determined by the method of immunomicrochip technology.
- Published
- 2021
34. Improving the Quality of Venous Blood Sampling Procedure (Phlebotomy): Avoiding Tourniquet Use
- Author
-
Mónica Alves and Francisco Freitas
- Subjects
Population ,Group populations ,Single sample ,tourniquet application ,quality improvement ,preanalytical phase ,Medicine ,guidelines ,Antecubital veins ,education ,Vein ,venous blood sampling ,Phlebotomist ,education.field_of_study ,Tourniquet ,Venipuncture ,business.industry ,phlebotomy ,Phlebotomy ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Anesthesia ,business ,Blood sampling ,Blood drawing - Abstract
BackgroundGuidelines for venous blood sampling procedure (phlebotomy) discourage tourniquet use whenever possible. Here, we aimed to assess the Biomedical Scientists capability of not using the tourniquet in phlebotomy, which we hypothesized to be equal to 50% of the patients attended, and identifying the most frequent venipuncture site.Materials and MethodsWe selected and assigned two (BMS) with the same age (41 years) and experience (20 years) to record ten phlebotomy days, the first with prioritized and the latter with non-prioritized patients. In a simple record form, each acquired daily data for the number of attended patients, age and gender, the frequency of non-tourniquet usage and the punctured vein. To test our work hypothesis we used the two-tailed single sample t-test (p < 0.05). Differences between age-group means and non-tourniquet use means by each BMS were tested by two-tailed t-test for independent means (p < 0.05).ResultsIn 10 phlebotomy days 683 patients were attended, with males representing 43,2% of the population. We found no statistically difference between age-group means. The combined capability of non-tourniquet use was 50,5%, which did not differ from our null hypothesis, but the individual group-means were statistically different, being 33% and 66.9% in the prioritized vs non-prioritized group. The medial cubital vein was the most prone to be punctured (77,7%).ConclusionsWe have shown that performing phlebotomies without tourniquet use is possible and desirable in at least half of the attended patients, though being more limited in specific group populations. Our results provide room for quality improvement in the laboratory pre-analytical phase.Key points summaryWe assessed the capability of Biomedical Scientists not using the tourniquet in real life blood sampling procedures for diagnostic purposes.Blood was collected from at least half of the attended patients without tourniquet use.Biomedical Scientists were able to prioritize the antecubital veins without tourniquet application (medial cubital vein the most prone to be punctured - 78% of attempts).
- Published
- 2021
35. Sparse Representation-Based Face Recognition for Single Example Image per Person
- Author
-
Wang, Zhen, Zhu, Ming, and Tan, Honghua, editor
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Tailoring the sampling time of single-sample GFR measurement according to expected renal function: a multisite audit
- Author
-
Ben Fongenie, Nick Vennart, Matthew Memmott, Sam Townrow, Helena McMeekin, Daniel R. McGowan, Maria T. Burniston, Charlotte A. Porter, Mark C. Barnfield, Fred Wickham, and Andy Bradley
- Subjects
Radiation ,business.industry ,Statistics ,Biomedical Engineering ,Medicine ,Renal function ,Single sample ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Audit ,Sampling time ,business ,Instrumentation - Abstract
Background The 2018 BNMS Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) guidelines recommend a single-sample technique with the sampling time dictated by the expected renal function, but this is not known with any accuracy before the test. We aimed to assess whether the sampling regime suggested in the guidelines is optimal and determine the error in GFR result if the sample time is chosen incorrectly. We can then infer the degree of flexibility in the sampling regime. Methods Data from 6328 patients referred for GFR assessment at 6 different hospitals for a variety of indications were reviewed. The difference between the single-sample (Fleming) GFR result at each sample time and the slope–intercept GFR result at each hospital was calculated. A second dataset of 777 studies from one hospital with nine samples collected from 5 min to 8 h post-injection was analysed to provide a reference GFR to which the single-sample results were compared. Results Recommended single-sample times have been revised: for an expected GFR above 90 ml/min/1.73m2 a 2-h sample is recommended; between 50 and 90 ml/min/1.73m2 a 3-h sample is recommended; and between 30 and 50 ml/min/1.73m2 a 4-h sample is recommended. Root mean square error in single-sample GFR result compared with slope–intercept can be kept less than or equal to 3.30 ml/min/1.73m2 by following these recommendations. Conclusion The results of this multisite study demonstrate a reassuringly wide range of sample times for an acceptably accurate single-sample GFR result. Modified recommended single-sample times have been proposed in line with the results, and a lookup table has been produced of rms errors across the full range of GFR results for the three sample times which can be used for error reporting of a mistimed sample.
- Published
- 2022
37. Single sample scoring of molecular phenotypes.
- Author
-
Foroutan, Momeneh, Bhuva, Dharmesh D., Lyu, Ruqian, Horan, Kristy, Cursons, Joseph, and Davis, Melissa J.
- Subjects
- *
PHENOTYPES , *TRANSCRIPTOMES , *GENETICS , *MOLECULAR biology , *BIG data - Abstract
Background: Gene set scoring provides a useful approach for quantifying concordance between sample transcriptomes and selected molecular signatures. Most methods use information from all samples to score an individual sample, leading to unstable scores in small data sets and introducing biases from sample composition (e.g. varying numbers of samples for different cancer subtypes). To address these issues, we have developed a truly single sample scoring method, and associated R/Bioconductor package singscore (https://bioconductor.org/packages/singscore). Results: We use multiple cancer data sets to compare singscore against widely-used methods, including GSVA, z-score, PLAGE, and ssGSEA. Our approach does not depend upon background samples and scores are thus stable regardless of the composition and number of samples being scored. In contrast, scores obtained by GSVA, z-score, PLAGE and ssGSEA can be unstable when less data are available (NS < 25). The singscore method performs as well as the best performing methods in terms of power, recall, false positive rate and computational time, and provides consistently high and balanced performance across all these criteria. To enhance the impact and utility of our method, we have also included a set of functions implementing visual analysis and diagnostics to support the exploration of molecular phenotypes in single samples and across populations of data. Conclusions: The singscore method described here functions independent of sample composition in gene expression data and thus it provides stable scores, which are particularly useful for small data sets or data integration. Singscore performs well across all performance criteria, and includes a suite of powerful visualization functions to assist in the interpretation of results. This method performs as well as or better than other scoring approaches in terms of its power to distinguish samples with distinct biology and its ability to call true differential gene sets between two conditions. These scores can be used for dimensional reduction of transcriptomic data and the phenotypic landscapes obtained by scoring samples against multiple molecular signatures may provide insights for sample stratification. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. 一种鲁棒稀疏表示的单样本人脸识别算法.
- Author
-
沈韬, 李克清, and 夏瑜
- Abstract
Sparse representation (SR) has successfully addressed the face recognition problem with sufficient training images of each gallery subject, however, its performance will deteriorate much for single sample face recognition (SSFR). To improve the generalization ability of SR for SSFR, this paper proposed a robust sparse representation (RSR) method. By creating a set of position images for each training picture to expand the training samples of each gallery subject and used L2,1 -norm to prompt RSR selecting the correct position images. Finally, the proposed method was evaluated on AR and extended Yale B face databases. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness of the approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Ryūtō: improved multi-sample transcript assembly for differential transcript expression analysis and more
- Author
-
Thomas Gatter and Peter F. Stadler
- Subjects
Statistics and Probability ,Computer science ,Single sample ,Sample (statistics) ,Machine learning ,computer.software_genre ,Biochemistry ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Differential (infinitesimal) ,Molecular Biology ,030304 developmental biology ,Supplementary data ,0303 health sciences ,business.industry ,Gene Annotation ,Expression (mathematics) ,Computer Science Applications ,Gene expression profiling ,Computational Mathematics ,Computational Theory and Mathematics ,Filter (video) ,Artificial intelligence ,business ,computer ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
Motivation Accurate assembly of RNA-seq is a crucial step in many analytic tasks such as gene annotation or expression studies. Despite ongoing research, progress on traditional single sample assembly has brought no major breakthrough. Multi-sample RNA-Seq experiments provide more information than single sample datasets and thus constitute a promising area of research. Yet, this advantage is challenging to utilize due to the large amount of accumulating errors. Results We present an extension to Ryūtō enabling the reconstruction of consensus transcriptomes from multiple RNA-seq datasets, incorporating consensus calling at low level features. We report stable improvements already at three replicates. Ryūtō outperforms competing approaches, providing a better and user-adjustable sensitivity-precision trade-off. Ryūtō’s unique ability to utilize a (incomplete) reference for multi sample assemblies greatly increases precision. We demonstrate benefits for differential expression analysis. Ryūtō consistently improves assembly on replicates of the same tissue independent of filter settings, even when mixing conditions or time series. Consensus voting in Ryūtō is especially effective at high precision assembly, while Ryūtō’s conventional mode can reach higher recall. Availability and implementation Ryūtō is available at https://github.com/studla/RYUTO. Supplementary information Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
- Published
- 2021
40. متطلبات استخدام الممارسة المبنیة علی الأدلة فی تحقیق الحمایة الاجتماعیة للأطفال المعرضین للخطر
- Subjects
Applied psychology ,Single sample ,Training program ,Psychology - Abstract
الملخص يستهدف البحث الحالي تحديد متطلبات استخدام الممارسة المبنية علي الأدلة في تحقيق الحماية الاجتماعية للأطفال المعرضين للخطر، ولتحقيق أهداف البحث تم تطبيق الدراسة علي عينة مکونة من عدد (67) مفردة من الأخصائيين الاجتماعيين العاملين بوحدات حماية الطفل، وتم استخدام أداه لقياس وتحديد متطلبات استخدام الممارسة المبنية علي الأدلة في تحقيق الحماية الاجتماعية للأطفال المعرضين للخطر، وقد کشفت نتائج الدراسة عن أهم المتطلبات اللازمة لتطبيق الممارسة المبنية علي الأدلة لتحقيق الحماية الاجتماعية للأطفال المعرضين للخطر جاءت مرتبة تنازليا کالتالي المتطلبات المعرفية والإدارية والمهنية والمهارية ، وفي النهاية تم التوصل إلي مؤشرات لوضع برنامج تدريبي للأخصائيين الاجتماعيين بوحدات حماية الطفل. الکلمات الدالة:( الممارسة المبنية علي الأدلة – الحماية الاجتماعية – الأطفال المعرضين للخطر). Abstract The current research aims to determine the requirements for using evidence-based practice in achieving social protection for children at risk, and to achieve the objectives of the research, the study was applied to a single sample of (67) social workers working in child protection units ,A tool was used to measure and define the requirements for using evidence-based practice in achieving social protection for children at risk, and the results of the study revealed the most important requirements for applying evidence-based practice to achieve social protection for children at risk, ranked in descending order, as follows: cognitive, administrative, professional and skill requirements, and in the end Indicators were reached to develop a training program for social workers in the Child Protection Units. Key words: (Evidence-Based Practice – Social protection – Children At Risk).
- Published
- 2021
41. Single Sample Discriminant Analysis Based on Gabor Transform
- Author
-
Wenying Ma
- Subjects
business.industry ,Pattern recognition ,Single sample ,Artificial intelligence ,Gabor transform ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Linear discriminant analysis ,business ,Mathematics - Abstract
To solve the small sample problem of biometric identification, this paper investigates the limiting case of the problem, i.e., the recognition of a single training sample, and proposes a single sample discriminant analysis method based on Gabor wavelet and KPCA-RBF (KPRC) classifier (kernel principal component analysis-radial basis function). The proposed method performs pixel-level fusion of face and palmprint images. Firstly, a face image and a palmprint image were subject to two-dimensional (2D) Gabor wavelet transform. The resulting Gabor face image and Gabor palmprint image were fused on the pixel level into a new fused image. Next, a new classifier called KPCA-RBF was designed to extract nonlinear discriminative features by KPCA, and classify objects with RBF. Based on AR database, FERET database, and palmprint database, the single sample discriminant analysis method was realized based on Gabor transform and KPCA-RBF classifier. Experimental results show that multimodal recognition methods clearly outshine single-modal recognition methods, and the GABOR-KPRC with pixel-level fusion achieves better recognition effect than other fusion methods. It was also demonstrated that Gabor transform and KPRC classifier can effectively improve the fusion effect, whether for pixel-level fusion or decision-level fusion.
- Published
- 2021
42. PENATALAKSANAAN FISIOTERAPI UNTUK MENGURANGI VERTIGO PADA PENDERITA BENIGN PAROXYSMAL POSITIONAL VERTIGO (BPPV) DENGAN TEKNIK SEMONT LIBERATORY MANEUVER DI KELURAHAN SUNGAI ANDAI KOTA BANJARMASIN
- Author
-
Mu'jizatillah Mu'jizatillah, Addini Nurul Risa, and Enny Fauziah
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo ,biology ,business.industry ,Vestibular disorders ,Single sample ,biology.organism_classification ,medicine.disease ,Physical medicine and rehabilitation ,Vertigo ,Head position ,medicine ,In patient ,business - Abstract
Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo (BPPV) adalah gangguan vestibular yang paling sering menyebabkan vertigo. BPPV dapat diartikan sebagai vertigo yang terjadi akibat perubahan posisi kepala secara tiba-tiba. Semont Liberatory Maneuver dapat mengurangi vertigo pada BBPV. Semont Liberatory Maneuver bertujuan untuk memindahkan otolit dari dalam area sensitif telinga sehingga dapat mengurangi gejala vertigo. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui penatalaksanaan fisioterapi menggunakan Semont Liberatory Maneuver dalam mengurangi vertigo terhadap penderita BPPV. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode case study dengan sampel tunggal dengan alat ukur vertigo symptom scale-short form (VSS-sf). Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan hasil semont liberatory maneuver yang dilakukan sebanyak 8 kali selama 8 hari berturut-turut dengan intensitas 4x pengulangan selama 15 menit dapat menurunkan vertigo pada kondisi BPPV. Saran kepada peneliti selanjutnya untuk mencari tahu efek lain dari semont liberatory maneuver selain untuk menurunkan frekuensi vertigo pada BPPV.
- Published
- 2021
43. Detect the early-warning signals of diseases based on signaling pathway perturbations on a single sample
- Author
-
Huo, Yanhao, Zhao, Geng, Ruan, Luoshan, Xu, Peng, Fang, Gang, Zhang, Fengyue, Bao, Zhenshen, and Li, Xin
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Differential patterns of growth in reading and math skills during elementary school
- Author
-
Beth M. Phillips, Christopher J. Lonigan, and Callie W. Little
- Subjects
media_common.quotation_subject ,education ,Differential (mechanical device) ,Single sample ,Academic achievement ,PsycINFO ,behavioral disciplines and activities ,Article ,Education ,Developmental psychology ,Math skills ,Reading (process) ,mental disorders ,Developmental and Educational Psychology ,Multiple time ,Mathematical ability ,Psychology ,media_common - Abstract
This study investigated developmental trajectories of reading and math using latent-growth-curve analyses across multiple academic skills, measures, and multiple time periods within a single sample. Reading-related growth was marked by significant individual differences during the early elementary-school period and nonsignificant individual differences during the late elementary-school period. For math-related skills, nonsignificant individual differences were present for early math growth and significant individual differences were present in late elementary-school. No clear pattern of cumulative, compensatory, or stable development emerged for either reading-related or math skills. These differing growth patterns highlight developmental complexities and suggest domain-specific differences in achievement growth that are potentially associated with contextual factors. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved)
- Published
- 2021
45. A Lifetime Prediction Method for IGBT Modules Considering the Self-Accelerating Effect of Bond Wire Damage
- Author
-
Bie Xiaorui, Pei Chen, Yanwei Dai, Fei Qin, Tong An, and Jingru Dai
- Subjects
010302 applied physics ,Power loss ,Computer science ,020208 electrical & electronic engineering ,Energy Engineering and Power Technology ,Single sample ,02 engineering and technology ,Insulated-gate bipolar transistor ,Converters ,01 natural sciences ,Power (physics) ,Reliability engineering ,Reliability (semiconductor) ,0103 physical sciences ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Power cycling ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Degradation (telecommunications) - Abstract
As core components of power converters, the insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) module is required to have long-term reliability in increasingly more applications. To assess and improve the reliability, power cycling (PC) tests are conducted to determine the lifetime of IGBT modules; these tests are very time-consuming and may take a couple of weeks or even months for a single sample. Therefore, an urgent need in the industrial community is to develop an accurate and efficient method to predict the lifetime of the IGBT modules. In this article, we present a lifetime prediction method, in which the self-accelerating effect of bond wire damage on the lifetime is considered by using the feedback from the collector–emitter ON-resistance degradation into the power loss model, and a degradation model is proposed to describe the degradation process of the collector–emitter ON-resistance. Base on the physical PC tests of IGBT modules, we demonstrate that the proposed method accurately and efficiently predicts the lifetime of IGBT modules.
- Published
- 2021
46. Interpreting and reporting 40Ar/39Ar geochronologic data
- Author
-
E.L. Matchan, Andrew T. Calvert, Courtney J. Sprain, Morgan Ganerod, Margarita López-Martínez, Jörg A. Pfänder, Huaiyu He, Barbara A. Cohen, Nancy Joyce, Brent D. Turrin, Paulo M. Vasconcelos, Allen J. Schaen, Hua-Ning Qiu, William S. Cassata, Darren F. Mark, Jan R. Wijbrans, C. M. Mercer, Jeffrey A. Benowitz, David Phillips, Osamu Ishizuka, Paul R. Renne, Brian R. Jicha, Hervé Guillou, Tiffany A. Rivera, Sidney R. Hemming, Pieter Vermeesch, Fred Jourdan, Simon P. Kelley, Kip V. Hodges, Jake Ross, Klaudia F. Kuiper, Brad S. Singer, Mark E. Stelten, Sébastien Nomade, Matthew T. Heizler, Adán Ramirez, Elizabeth M. Niespolo, Laura E. Webb, Leah E. Morgan, Willis E. Hames, Anthony A. P. Koppers, Earth Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Arizona State University [Tempe] (ASU), University College of London [London] (UCL), United States Geological Survey (USGS), NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), University of Melbourne, Westminster College, Curtin University [Perth], Planning and Transport Research Centre (PATREC), Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory (LDEO), Columbia University [New York], University of Edinburgh, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology [New Mexico Tech] (NMT), University of Southern Queensland (USQ), University of Alaska [Fairbanks] (UAF), Oregon State University (OSU), Scottish Universities Environmental Research Centre (SUERC), University of Glasgow-University of Edinburgh, Berkeley Geochronology Center (BGC), University of Florida [Gainesville] (UF), Auburn University (AU), VU University Amsterdam, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey [New Brunswick] (RU), Rutgers University System (Rutgers), University of St Andrews [Scotland], Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Paléocéanographie (PALEOCEAN), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), University of Vermont [Burlington], Geological Survey of Canada [Ottawa] (GSC Central & Northern Canada), Geological Survey of Canada - Office (GSC), Natural Resources Canada (NRCan)-Natural Resources Canada (NRCan), Geological Survey of Norway (NGU), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), Servicio Nacional de Geologia y Mineria (SERNAGEOMIN ), Institut für Geologie [Freiberg], Technishe Universität Bergakademie Freiberg (TU Bergakademie Freiberg), Departamento de Geologia CICESE, Centro de Investigacion Cientifica y de Education Superior de Ensenada [Mexico] (CICESE), China University of Geosciences [Wuhan] (CUG), Vrije universiteit = Free university of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (VU), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (VU), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
- Subjects
[SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere ,010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences ,Interoperability ,Geology ,Single sample ,010502 geochemistry & geophysics ,01 natural sciences ,Data science ,Variety (cybernetics) ,Metadata ,Set (abstract data type) ,Salient ,Range (statistics) ,[SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences - Abstract
The 40Ar/39Ar dating method is among the most versatile of geochronometers, having the potential to date a broad variety of K-bearing materials spanning from the time of Earth’s formation into the historical realm. Measurements using modern noble-gas mass spectrometers are now producing 40Ar/39Ar dates with analytical uncertainties of ~0.1%, thereby providing precise time constraints for a wide range of geologic and extraterrestrial processes. Analyses of increasingly smaller subsamples have revealed age dispersion in many materials, including some minerals used as neutron fluence monitors. Accordingly, interpretive strategies are evolving to address observed dispersion in dates from a single sample. Moreover, inferring a geologically meaningful “age” from a measured “date” or set of dates is dependent on the geological problem being addressed and the salient assumptions associated with each set of data. We highlight requirements for collateral information that will better constrain the interpretation of 40Ar/39Ar data sets, including those associated with single-crystal fusion analyses, incremental heating experiments, and in situ analyses of microsampled domains. To ensure the utility and viability of published results, we emphasize previous recommendations for reporting 40Ar/39Ar data and the related essential metadata, with the amendment that data conform to evolving standards of being findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable (FAIR) by both humans and computers. Our examples provide guidance for the presentation and interpretation of 40Ar/39Ar dates to maximize their interdisciplinary usage, reproducibility, and longevity.
- Published
- 2021
47. The more the merrier: Simultaneous mapping of multiple chromatin components in a single sample
- Author
-
Gabriel E. Zentner
- Subjects
Stereochemistry ,Single sample ,Cell Biology ,Biology ,Cleavage (embryo) ,Molecular Biology ,Chromatin - Abstract
Gopalan et al. (2021) present multi-CUT&Tag, a modification of cleavage under targets and tagmentation (CUT&Tag) that enables simultaneous genome-wide mapping of multiple chromatin-associated targets in a single sample.
- Published
- 2021
48. Examination of the music lesson behavior of students studying at primary education level
- Author
-
KabataÅŸ Mustafa
- Subjects
Music lesson ,Significant difference ,Mathematics education ,Primary education ,Active listening ,Statistical analysis ,Single sample ,Attitude scale ,Psychology ,Music education ,Education - Abstract
This research was conducted to examine primary school students' attitudes towards music education lessons according to certain variables. 64 elementary schools from Kastamonu in Turkey participated in the study. The attitude scale developed by Gullu and Guclu was adapted to the Music Education Courses Attitude scale and was used to determine students' attitudes towards music education lessons. In the statistical analysis of the data obtained as a result of the study, frequency, Single Sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal-Wallis H analysis were performed in SPSS 15.0 for Windows program. From the research result, it is concluded that most of the students (63.9%) have the habit of listening to music regularly and the number of students who participate in music activities and make music is quite high (43.8%). When the attitudes of students towards music education lessons were examined, it was seen that students' attitudes towards music education lessons were generally high. In addition, it was concluded that students' attitudes towards music education lessons did not show a statistically significant difference in terms of gender and age groups (P> 0.05). It was determined that the participation of students in music activities positively affected their attitudes towards music education lessons and this result was found to be statistically significant. This study is important in terms of guiding field experts, researchers and interests. Key words: Music, education, music education, student behavior, primary education.
- Published
- 2021
49. Challenges in providing adequate and reliable nutrition for extremely low birth weight infants
- Author
-
Katelyn Zumpf and Praveen Kumar
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Carbohydrate content ,Calorie ,Intraclass correlation ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,Fortification ,Nutritional Status ,030209 endocrinology & metabolism ,Single sample ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Animal science ,Linear regression ,Humans ,Medicine ,Clinical significance ,Infant Nutritional Physiological Phenomena ,030109 nutrition & dietetics ,Nutrition and Dietetics ,Milk, Human ,business.industry ,Infant, Newborn ,Infant ,Low birth weight ,Infant, Extremely Low Birth Weight ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Infant, Premature - Abstract
Summary Background There is limited data on macronutrient content and its variability in mothers’ milk of extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants. The primary objectives were to determine the mean and the range of macronutrient content in milk from mothers of ELBW infants. Methods A near-infrared milk analyzer was used to measure fat, protein and carbohydrate. Data is presented as mean ± SD, median, and minimum/maximum values. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) and linear regression were used to examine differences between repeat analyses. Results The mean GA and BW of infants were 25.6 ± 1.9 weeks and 678.6 ± 78.6 g respectively. The mean caloric content of 212 milk samples (10 infants) was 20.1 ± 5.4 cals/oz. The mean fat, protein and carbohydrate content were 3.2 ± 1.8, 1.6 ± 0.5 g% and 8.0 ± 0.8 g% respectively. Large subject to subject and day to day variations were observed. The range of calories, fat, protein and carbohydrate content were 10.4–42.3 cals/oz, 0.2–14.1, 0.6–3.3 and 6.4–13.7 g% respectively. Nearly half of all samples had 17 or less cals/oz and 10% had 15 or less cals/oz. There were no significant differences between repeat readings on a single sample. Conclusions Standard fortification in presence of significant variation in macronutrient and caloric content of mother's milk can lead to large day to day variation in macronutrient and caloric intake of ELBW infants. Clinical significance of variable intake from one day to another in infants at high risk of NEC and growth failure is unclear and needs further study.
- Published
- 2021
50. Paper-Based Semi-quantitative Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing
- Author
-
Ruisheng Wang and David Erickson
- Subjects
Susceptibility testing ,Computer science ,General Chemical Engineering ,Antimicrobial susceptibility ,Single sample ,General Chemistry ,Paper based ,Antimicrobial ,Article ,Chemistry ,Sample volume ,Antibiotic resistance ,Biochemical engineering ,QD1-999 ,Semi quantitative - Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance is increasingly recognized as a major threat to global health. To combat this emerging threat, accessible antimicrobial susceptibility testing should be prioritized as a key component of stewardship efforts. In this work, we developed a user-friendly paper-based test that provides visual readout of bacterial antibiotic susceptibility in a semiquantitative format. We leveraged on-chip paper microfluidics to enable multiplexed testing of multiple antibiotic dilutions with a single sample addition step, replicating the functionality of traditional broth-dilution-based susceptibility testing in a simplified format. Our paper-based test offers several advantages including low sample volume requirement and lack of need for humidity control during incubation, an innovation that addresses a key limitation of conventional paper-microfluidic devices. Using several clinically relevant bacterial organisms and antimicrobial agents, we demonstrate that our colorimetric readout approach provides a strong predictor of susceptibility category.
- Published
- 2021
Catalog
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.