Search

Background: Cutaneous leiomyomas are benign smooth muscle tumors that comprise three distinct types such as piloleimyoma, angioleiomyoma, and genital leiomyoma. Aim: The objective of this study was to report a series of cases seen in last 8 years in a tertiary care hospital in north India and to discuss their clinicopathologic findings. Material and Methods: Paraffin-embedded blocks of cases reported as cutaneous leiomyoma from 1999 to 2007 were retrieved from the Institute of Pathology, New Delhi, and their clinical parameters were noted. Their histopathological features were reviewed on hematoxylin-eosin stained slides. Immunohistochemistry was performed where necessary. Results: Twenty-seven cases of piloleiomyoma, three cases of angioleiomyoma, five breast leiomyomas, and two scrotal leiomyomas were seen in patients ranging from 21 to 65 years of age, with an average of 38.2 years at presentation. There was a male predominance with 26 males and 11 females (M:F = 2.2:1). Solitary lesions (n = 21) were more common than multiple ( n = 16). The trunk and upper limbs were involved most commonly, comprising 23 of 37 (62.2%) cases. This was followed by lower limb, face, breast, and scrotum. Conclusion: Cutaneous leiomyomas are rare lesions and form an important clinical differential diagnosis of painful papulonodules. These must be biopsied in order to differentiate them from other spindle cell lesions.

Choroid plexus carcinomas (CPCs) are rare malignant counterparts of choroid plexus papilloma which occur in infants and children with a predilection for the posterior fossa and have a poor prognosis. We report two cases of CPC diagnosed in a 5-year-old boy and a 12-year-old boy and discuss the clinicopathologic features.

Melasma is a symmetrical hypermelanosis of the exposed skin characterized by brown macules on the sun-exposed areas of the skin. The present study was carried out on 43 patients to analyze the correlation between histopathological features with clinical and Wood′s light examination. The study showed a clinical and histopathological discordance of 16.2%. Solar elastosis (55.8%) was the single most common histological finding apart from increased melanin concentration, epidermal flattening and dermal lymphomononuclear inflammation.

Calvarial tuberculosis is a very rare entity scantily described in literature. It forms 0.2-1.3% of the bone tuberculosis. This is a rare entity even in the endemic areas. Primary calvarial tuberculosis with no evidence of tuberculosis is still rarer of these cases. We describe six cases of calvarial tuberculosis. The relevant clinicoradiological features and management are discussed. A high index of suspicion and awareness of this condition may lead to early diagnosis.

Introduction: Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common type of skin cancer worldwide. The pathogenesis of BCC involves interplay between various environmental and genetic factors. It is believed that chemokines play a significant role in the modulation of cancer growth by generating autocrine and paracrine signaling effects. The present study was conducted to elucidate the expression of chemokine, CXCL11, and its receptor CXCR3, and their interaction with tumor cells and peri-tumoral stroma in various subtypes of BCC. Aim and Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the immunohistochemical expression of chemokine CXCL11 and its receptor CXCR3 in various subtypes of BCC. Materials and Methods: The study included 40 cases of histopathologically confirmed BCC. Clinical and histopathological features of various tumor subtypes were noted. Immunohistochemistry was performed using antibodies against CXCL11 and CXCR3, and these were assigned scores 0, 1, and 2 on the basis of immunohistochemical expression. Results: The median age of study participants was 65.0 ± 12.2 years with a male-to-female ratio of 1.5:1. The most common site was face, followed by neck, scalp, and back. The tumor subtypes included in the study were nodular (n = 20), pigmented (n = 8), infiltrating (n = 5), superficial (n = 4), and adenoid (n = 3). On immunohistochemistry, CXCR3 expression was seen in 34 (85%) cases with stromal inflammatory cells immunopositivity in 29 (72.5%) cases and tumor cells immunopositivity in 5 (12.5%) cases. CXCL11 expression was seen in 36 (90%) cases with weak expression in stroma and tumor in 18 cases and strong expression in the rest 18 cases. In individual subtypes, higher immunopositivity for CXCR3 and CXCL11 in tumor cells and peri-tumoral stroma was seen for nodular, infiltrating, and pigmented subtypes, compared to adenoid and superficial subtypes. Conclusion: Our study shows the enhanced expression of chemokine CXCL11 and its receptor CXCR3 in tumor cells and peri-tumoral stroma of BCC. This expression is greater in tumor cells of aggressive subtypes, i.e. nodular, infiltrating, and pigmented types. This suggests that receptor ligand pathway involving CXCR3 and CXCL11 plays a key role in pathogenesis of BCC, and blocking this pathway may result in inhibition of tumor growth. Thus, these chemokines may serve as future potential targets in developing novel therapeutic regimens against BCC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Byline: Premanshu. Bhushan, Sarvesh. Thatte, Avninder. Singh Sir, Angioma serpiginosum is clinically characterized by multiple copper to red-colored grouped macules that are arranged in serpiginous or gyrate patterns. Histologically, it [...]

Byline: Manveen. Kaur, Varsha. Dalal, V. Ramesh, Avninder. Singh Sir, A 45-year-old woman presented with multiple asymptomatic, erythematous, firm, smooth nodules on the right side of scalp for 8 years [...]

Byline: Premanshu. Bhushan, Sarvesh. Thatte, Avninder. Singh, Suhail. Jayant Sir, Porokeratotic eccrine ostial and dermal duct nevus is a rare non-hereditary eccrine hamartoma. This disorder of keratinization usually occurs at [...]

Byline: Premanshu. Bhushan, Sarvesh. Thatte, Avninder. Singh Sir, Nevus lipomatosus cutaneous superficialis (NLCS) is a rare cutaneous hamartoma of adipocytes that is characterized by the presence of mature adipocytes in [...]

Byline: Premanshu. Bhushan, Sarvesh. Thatte, Avninder. Singh An 18-year-old boy presented with an asymptomatic, occasionally bleeding, flesh colored growth on his left leg for 10 years. A well-defined, 3 cm [...]

Byline: Aditi. Jha, Jitender. Taneja, V. Ramesh, Avninder. Singh Sir, Bullous congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma of Brocq is a rare mechanobullous eruption first described by Brocq in 1902. This autosomal dominant [...]

Byline: Avninder. Singh, V. Ramesh, M. Ramam Background: Post kala azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL) is a sequel to visceral leishmaniasis or kala azar seen predominantly in the Indian subcontinent and [...]

Byline: Dhruv. Gopal, Poonam. Puri, Avninder. Singh, V. Ramesh A 50-day-old female child presented with asymptomatic skin colored raised lesion on the dorsal aspect of the left wrist since the [...]

Byline: Aditi. Jha, V. Ramesh, Avninder. Singh Sir, Glomuvenous malformations (GVMs) also known as glomangiomas are proliferations of cells of the glomus body, a specialized form of arteriovenous anastomosis involved [...]

Byline: Varuna. Mallya, Avninder. Singh, Fouzia. Siraj, V. Ramesh Myxoinflammatory fibroblastic sarcoma is a low grade sarcoma that is composed of a mixed inflammatory infiltrate along with spindled, epithelioid and [...]

Byline: Premanshu. Bhushan, Avninder. Singh Sir, Eruptive vellus hair cysts (EVHC) are uncommon, benign, asymptomatic, epidermal cysts histologically characterized by cystic spaces lined by undulating stratified squamous epithelium and filled [...]

Byline: Rajat. Kandhari, Vikas. Sharma, V. Ramesh, Avninder. Singh Sir, Reactive perforating collagenosis (RPC) is an uncommon, benign, perforating dermatosis of multifactorial etiology first described in 1967. [sup][1] It is [...]

Byline: Rajat. Kandhari, V. Ramesh, Avninder. Singh Lichen amyloidosis (LA) has been considered a highly pruritic dermatosis, and the deposition of fibrillar material has generally been considered to be secondary [...]

Byline: Rajat. Kandhari, V. Ramesh, Avninder. Singh A 42-year-old woman presented with multiple, asymptomatic, dark, raised lesions involving both her ears. The lesions appeared 1 year ago in her left [...]

Byline: Avninder. Singh, V. Ramesh Leprosy, cutaneous leishmaniasis, and post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis are common infectious diseases, the latter two being seen mainly in endemic areas. With increased migration within the [...]

Byline: Jyoti. Gupta, Rajat. Kandhari, V. Ramesh, Avninder. Singh Glomeruloid hemangioma is a rare, histologically distinctive, cutaneous, benign vascular tumor, originally described by Chan et al. Glomeruloid hemangioma appears specific [...]

Byline: Shikha. Chugh, Rashmi. Sarkar, Vijay. Garg, Avninder. Singh, Chitralekha. Keisham Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors are rapidly becoming the first choice nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for various rheumatological and other painful [...]

Byline: Rajat. Kandhari, Niti. Khunger, Avninder. Singh Sir Reports have emerged in recent years describing the mucocutaneous manifestations of chikungunya fever. [sup][1],[2],[3],[4] Chikungunya fever is an acute viral infection, characterised [...]

Byline: Syed. Bihaqi, Avninder. Singh, Manisha. Tiwari Aim: Scopolamine is known to produce amnesia due to blockade of the cholinergic neurotransmission. The present study investigated the potential of Convolvulus pluricaulis [...]

Byline: Sushruta. Kathuria, V. Ramesh, Avninder. Singh An 18-year-old-girl presented with indurated erythematous plaques, nodules, discharging sinuses and ulcers localized to the buttocks for 2 years. On examination, discharge from [...]

Byline: Avninder. Singh, Manav. Sawhney, Sushruta. Das Sir, Granular cell tumor (GCT) is an uncommon benign neoplasm of uncertain histogenesis. Although they can occur at any site, tongue, breast, upper [...]

Byline: Syed. Bihaqi, Avninder. Singh, Manisha. Tiwari Aim : To investigate the neuroprotective effect of Convolvulus pluricaulis aqueous extract (AE) against scopolamine (1 mg/kg body weight (bwt))-induced neurotoxicity in the [...]

Byline: Purnima. Malhotra, Avninder. Singh, V. Ramesh Sir, Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common malignant cutaneous neoplasm worldwide. Gross differences are noted in the percentage of skin cancer [...]