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Background: Sheehan syndrome is the infarction of a pituitary gland that has been physiologically enlarged as a result of postpartum bleeding. A galactorrhea and amenorrhea are classic symptoms, but a constellation ofmanifestations occurs in both the acute and chronic forms. These manifestations can remain largely non emergent unless Sheehan syndrome is complicated by severe adrenal dysfunction secondary to an inciting event such as dengue. We present a case of Sheehan syndrome that was uncovered in a patient with a dengue infection presenting as adrenal crisis. Case Report: A 45-year-old female presented with symptoms of acute gastroenteritis and severe dehydration. Her medical history was significant for secondary amenorrhea for 14 years after her last delivery followed by symptoms of endocrine dysfunction. At presentation, the patient was in adrenal crisis with hypotension, hypoglycemia, and hyperthermia. Dengue nonstructural protein 1 antigen was positive, along with signs of plasma leakage. Blood work showed bicytopenia with abnormal liver enzymes. Ultra-sonography and computed tomography of the abdomen were suggestive of serositis with a calculous cholecystitis. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain revealed an empty sella. Anterior pituitary hormone levels were significantly decreased with low serum cortisol, and the patient's thyroid profile analysis suggested secondary hypothyroidism. The inal diagnosis was Sheehan syndrome presenting as adrenal crisis precipitated by severe dengue fever. The patient was managed conservatively and discharged on hormone supplement therapy. Conclusion: Sheehan syndrome is an important cause of panhypopituitarism in the developing world. Knowledge of Sheehan syndrome is important to help prevent its occurrence and reduce its resultant multifactorial effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One hundred and twenty two species of birds belonging to 19 orders, 53 families and 101 genera were recorded at Chuhiya Forest, Rewa, Madhya Pradesh, India from all the three seasons. Out of these as per IUCN red list status 1 species is Critically Endangered, 3 each are Vulnerable and Near Threatened and rest are under Least concern category. Bird species, Gyps bengalensis, which is comes under Falconiformes order and Accipitridae family are critically endangered. The study area provide diverse habitat in the form of dense forest and agricultural land. Rose-ringed Parakeets, Alexandrine Parakeets, Common Babblers, Common Myna, Jungle Myna, Baya Weavers, House Sparrows, Paddyfield Pipit, White-throated Munia, White-bellied Drongo, House crows, Philippine Crows, Paddyfield Warbler etc. were prominent bird species of the study area, which are adapted to diversified habitat of Chuhiya Forest. Human impacts such as Installation of industrial units, cutting of trees, use of insecticides in agricultural practices are major threats to bird communities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Carcinoma cervix (CaCx) is a preventable disease and is caused by certain high risk Papillomaviruses. In the present study, our aim was to investigate the utility of Nested Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction (NMPCR) in detecting Human Papillomavirus (HPV) 16 and 18 in cervical scrapes/biopsy samples and to correlate with cervical cytology/ histopathology findings. Methods: A total of 119 females were subjected for Papanicolaou smear examination of cervical scrapes and/or histopathological examination of cervical tissues. These samples were also subjected to nested multiplex PCR targeting HPV 16/ 18 specific E6/7 gene sequences. Results: HPV 16/18 were detected in 33.6% (40/119) cases included in the study. The overall HPV 16/ 18 positivity among cases with Negative for Intraepithelial Lesion or Malignancy, Low grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion, and High grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion was observed to be 20.8%, 44%, and 66.7% respectively. Positivity for HPV 16 in cases with Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC) was found to be 80%. HPV positivity among subjects reported with reactive cellular changes, a sub category of Negative for Intraepithelial Lesion or Malignancy, was observed to be 26.6%. Conclusion: HPV 16 and 18 positivity in cases reported with different stages of pre invasive lesions of CaCx, particularly in the subcategory reactive cellular changes of Negative for Intraepithelial Lesion or Malignancy, indicates that NMPCR detection of HPV 16/ 18 may be used as a screening tool for CaCx in conjunction with Papanicolaou smear examination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]