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Climate change is the hottest topic today on earth. Traditional HVAC’s harm the environment and stand out to be a major contributor to global warming. One of the many techniques to mitigate the current climate crisis is by utilizing the abundantly available solar radiation. Solar evacuated tube collectors are used to absorb solar radiation. This solar power is used to provide solar cooling technologies. Unlike the conventional HVAC’s thermally driven absorption cooling is a boon in today’s era. In the following research work, the study aims to provide numerical modeling of a solar assisted air-conditioning unit through the first law of thermodynamics using mass balancing equations for the province of Delhi in July. This research work’s aim is to build and evaluate a Li-Br absorption cooler with a capacity of 1 KW. This paper aims to provide characteristic design features of components and measures the efficiency of the system at operating conditions. PCM based thermal energy storage tank is adopted which helps to supply cold air even at no sunlight hours. As a result of this research study, such solar assisted air conditioners turn out to be a chosen solution for sustainability.

This article explores the lived experiences of some Indian migrant workers (MW) during the first COVID-19 pandemic nationwide lockdown, investigating their plights from a social identity perspective. It analyses crises associated with the COVID-19 pandemic, and with hunger and starvation. Drawing on a qualitative study conducted with twelve participants in the city of Pune in the Western Indian state of Maharashtra, the findings suggest that the participants' plights have been exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. The findings indicate the need for policy responses to focus on addressing conditions of work, terms of employment and access to necessities for Indian MW, including ensuring conditions for a prompt job-ready recovery and mental health care after the COVID-19 pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Cotton is a cash crop majorly affected by many hemipteran pests, among them the cotton mealybug, Phenacoccus solenopsis. Cotton mealybug attack has a devastating effect on cotton production and causes huge yield losses. RESULTS: In this study, 25 potential RNA interference (RNAi) target genes were selected from the iBeetle database and a transcriptome data set for P. solenopsis. To assess the effectiveness of the selected target genes, three methods were utilized to deliver double-stranded (ds)RNA (ingestion, artificial diet bioassay and transient gene silencing). dsRNA molecules at different concentrations were fed to insects and insect mortality was recorded for each target gene. Based on the mortality data, three genes, Krüppel homologue-1, ADP-ATP/Translocase and IDGF-1, were selected for further gene expression studies using a reduced concentration of dsRNA (5 ∼g/ml). Of the three genes, Krüppel homologue-1 showed significantly downregulated expression (by 70.81% and 84.33%) at two different time points (8 and 14 days). An RNAi silencing construct was designed for Krüppel homologue-1 under control of the double enhancer CamV35S promoter in the plant binary vector. Significant downregulation of gene expression, by 66.69% and 81.80%, was found for Krüppel homologue-1 using transient gene silencing at the same time intervals. CONCLUSION: This work provides the first evidence for targeting the Krüppel homologue-1 gene in a hemipteran pest, P. solenopsis, using RNAi technology through oral delivery and in planta-based transient gene silencing methods. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Breast cancer (BC) is the one of the most common cancer among women in the world. Breast cancer (BC) is a group of disease in which breast tissue divide uncontrolled, finally a production of lump or mass. There are no any clinical symptoms of breast cancer (BC) in initial stage. A tiny breast tumour can be treated if it detected in early age. So, it is very important to early detect the breast cancer. This study is helpful to identify the risk factors for breast cancer in India (Kanpur). To study the epidemiological characteristics of breast cancer (BC) patients who were attending the Surgery department of GSVM Medical College Kanpur, India. It was cross sectional study which includes 50breast cancer patients confirmed by histopathological and cytopathological investigation. Their personal and social status information collected by questionnaire form. Their clinical staging is also recorded. The average age of diagnosis breast cancer was 41.17± 14.97 years. Majority (80%) of the patients were in the age group of 40--60 years. 60% (n=30) subjects were housewife, 18 % (n=10) were farmer, 2% (1) were in official job, and 18% (9) were college students. Mean age of menarche was 13.92±1.133 (n= 40), and mean age of menopausal was 48.17± 3.97 (n= 10). 43% were suffering from ductal invasive carcinoma, 2 % were invasive lobular carcinoma, 4% sarcoma of breast, 2% cystosarcoma a phylloids, 2% fungal mycetoma. 6 % (n=3) were had histological grading I, 25% (n=12) were had grade II, 12% (n=6) were had grade III. There are many risk factors of developing breast cancer. This study revealed that some factors like lack of awareness of breast cancer risk factor, lack of education are present in this study. There is a need for aware people about Breast cancer and early detection of BC screening programs and also self-examination for breast cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Schiff bases are aldehyde- or ketone-like compounds in which the carbonyl group is replaced by an imine or azomethine group. They are widely used for industrial purposes and also exhibit a broad range of Antimicrobial Activity. The extreme efforts have been developed to design novel series of Schiff 's bases with triazole ring (8a and 8b) have been synthesized from 4-Amino-5-((4-amino-5-phenyl-4H-1,2,4-Triazol-3-ylthio)methyl)-4H-1,2,4-Triazole-3-thiol (7), which is built by multiple consecutive cyclization reactions starting from benzoic acid hydrazide (1). Infrared spectroscopy and melting points were used to characterize the synthesized compounds. The biological activity of compounds (7) and (8a and 8b) were evaluated toward gram negative bacteria (Escherichia coli) and gram positive bacteria (staphylococcus aureus). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Calotropis procera (Asclepiadaceae) a widely growing plant has been reported to possess number of medicinal properties and other purposes. Plants play a significant role in the indigenous system of medicines to combat diseases. Calotropis procera are widely used in traditional medicine to treat various ailments. Phytochemical screening of flower extracts of C. procera indicated the presence of alkaloids, carbohydrates, tannin and phenolic compound, reducing sugar, flavonoids, glycoside, saponin, protein and amino acids, fats and oils and triterpenoids and steroids. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Pectin methylesterase (PME), Pectin methylesterase inhibitor (PMEI), and Subtilase (SBT) are pectin remodeling enzymes that play an important role in plant growth and development as well as response to various biotic and abiotic stress conditions. Withania somnifera is an important medicinal plant that gained attention for its phytochemical properties, but relatively little in-depth genomic exploration has been available, including PME, PMEI, and SBT genes. In the present study, 54 PMEs, 19 PMEIs, and 51 SBTs genes were identified from the W. somnifera transcriptome. A detailed phylogeny was performed, followed by a conserved sequence signature analysis, which revealed the major phylogenetic division with Solanum lycopersicum. Insect infestation can cause a significant increase in the functions of these genes, which were identified using PME activity, methanol content, and emission, often by several orders of magnitude. WsPME28 , WsPME32 , and WsPME50 are putative genes that are significantly upregulated up to six fold during insect infestation, according to gene expression profile analysis. To study specific relative interactions for a PME-SBT pair, molecular docking analysis was performed and found that the serine residue of WsSBT37 interacts with the processing motif (RKLL) of WsPME28 and releases mature PME. As per our best knowledge, this is the first investigation into the identification and characterization of the PME, PMEI, and SBT gene families in W. somnifera. This study will lay the groundwork for future studies targeting these genes, thus giving a better understanding of the stress tolerance mechanism in W. somnifera , and will serve as a reference for determining the most specific SBT-PME pairs in development and stress conditions. [Display omitted] • A total of 54 PME, 19 PMEI, and 51 SBT genes were identified from Withania somnifera. • Phylogeny, motif analysis & conserved region showed the evolutionary significance of the genes. • PME activity and methanol emission significantly increased during insect infestation. • During biotic stress, the interaction of WsSBT37-WsPME28 causes PME gene activation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Cotton is a cash crop majorly affected by many hemipteran pests, among them the cotton mealybug, Phenacoccus solenopsis. Cotton mealybug attack has a devastating effect on cotton production and causes huge yield losses., Results: In this study, 25 potential RNA interference (RNAi) target genes were selected from the iBeetle database and a transcriptome data set for P. solenopsis. To assess the effectiveness of the selected target genes, three methods were utilized to deliver double-stranded (ds)RNA (ingestion, artificial diet bioassay and transient gene silencing). dsRNA molecules at different concentrations were fed to insects and insect mortality was recorded for each target gene. Based on the mortality data, three genes, Krüppel homologue-1, ADP-ATP/Translocase and IDGF-1, were selected for further gene expression studies using a reduced concentration of dsRNA (5 μg/ml). Of the three genes, Krüppel homologue-1 showed significantly downregulated expression (by 70.81% and 84.33%) at two different time points (8 and 14 days). An RNAi silencing construct was designed for Krüppel homologue-1 under control of the double enhancer CamV35S promoter in the plant binary vector. Significant downregulation of gene expression, by 66.69% and 81.80%, was found for Krüppel homologue-1 using transient gene silencing at the same time intervals., Conclusion: This work provides the first evidence for targeting the Krüppel homologue-1 gene in a hemipteran pest, P. solenopsis, using RNAi technology through oral delivery and in planta-based transient gene silencing methods. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry., (© 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.)