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Bhumi Chaturvedi,1 Sourav Debnath,1 Hemant Bareth,1 Preeti Raj,2 Pratima Singh,3 Mahaveer Singh,4 Deepak Nathiya,1,5,6 Balvir Singh Tomar5– 7 1Department of Pharmacy Practice, National Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India; 2School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK; 3Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada; 4Department of Endocrinology, National Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India; 5Department of Clinical Studies, Fourth Hospital of Yulin (Xingyuan), Yulin, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China; 6Department of Clinical Sciences, Shenmu Hospital, Shenmu, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China; 7Institute of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology, National Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Jaipur, Rajasthan, IndiaCorrespondence: Mahaveer Singh, Department of Endocrinology, National Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Nims University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India, Email drms.mamcmed@gmail.comIntroduction: The ongoing repercussions of the COVID-19 pandemic include potentially deleterious impacts on bone health.Aim: This research aimed to ascertain the effects of COVID-19 on the bone health of obese and non-obese Indian individuals.Methods: We executed a case-control study enrolling individuals who recovered from COVID-19. Participants were stratified into obese and non-obese groups based on their BMI. Comprehensive assessments encompassed anthropometric evaluations, laboratory tests, and bone mineral density (BMD) measurements using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA).Results: From April to July 2022, we enrolled obese (n = 27, mean BMI = 30.54 ± 4.51 kg/m 2) and non-obese (n = 23, mean BMI = 21.97 ± 2.20 kg/m 2) individuals. The cohort’s average age was 36.08 ± 15.81 years, with a male-to-female ratio of 1.6:1. There was a diffe

Vernonia amygdalina is a small tree that can grow to a height of ten metres. It is sometimes referred to as bitter leaf due to the fact that its leaves have a bitter bitter flavour and its branches are frail. Although its natural habitat is in tropical Africa, it may be found all over the world in regions that receive an average rainfall of 750–2000 millimetres. These regions include areas that are adjacent to rivers and lakes, as well as forests and grasslands that are located up to an elevation of 2800 metres. The plant is mostly employed as a medicinal herb in the context of traditional medical practices. The plant contains a variety of phytoconstituents, the most important of which are phenol, oxalate, phytates, tannins, flavonoids, cyanogenic glycosides, alkaloids, terpenes, anthraquinone, steroids, coumarins, lignans, xanthones, edotides, sesquiterpenes, and phenol. There are a number of advantages associated with this plant, including its capacity to alleviate fever and pain, as well as its antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, chemoprotective, and cytotoxic activities.