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Based on the Theory of Planned Behavior, this paper explores the perceptions of the COVID-19 vaccine among South Asian communities residing in the UK. Thirty-eight semi-structured interviews were conducted using a qualitative approach and analyzed using thematic analysis. Participants represented Indian, Pakistani, Bangladeshi, Sri Lankan, Afghani, and Nepali backgrounds. The participants revealed that family and community influence their perceptions of the COVID-19 vaccine. The results suggest that normalizing vaccine acceptance, addressing unknown side effects, and popularizing vaccine efficacy data will increase vaccine uptake within the South Asian community in the UK. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We investigated switching behavior in PVA based NaNO2-CsNO3 mixed system composite films fabricated at moderate elevated temperature. The switching transients in 'ceramic-polymer mixed system' exhibiting best ferroelectric response optimized with CsNO3 mole% 0.09 have been analyzed by two different approaches. Following Landauer approach, an activation field is calculated by measuring the rate at which 'polarization switching' takes place; it is calculated by measuring average polarization current under the switching transient over the switching time. In second approach, another kind of activation field is calculated by measuring maximum value of polarization current attained in the transient. The calculation of the activation field in the former approach gives the value of minimum field required to take the sample into its saturated state of polarization during the life time of the experiment whereas the one calculated from later approach helps to find the activation field which is just sufficient to initiate the state of polarization reversal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study was undertaken to check the lipid profile in patients of acute myocardial infarction with chronic diabetes and to evaluate the variations in various lipid levels in different age, gender and in patients with different habits of diet, smoking and alcohol consumption. A total of 92 subjects aged between 40-70 years were included. 5 ml of fasting blood sample was collected from antecubital vein under aseptic precautions in a plain vacutainer and incubated at room temperature; serum was separated by centrifuge machine at 2000 rpm for 5 minutes. The samples were analyzed for estimation of four biochemical parameters: total cholesterol, serum triglyceride, serum HDL and blood sugar using Abott Architect Autoanalyser. Mean levels of HDL were below the normal range in smokers and non-vegetarians whereas mean TG levels were elevated among alcoholics, smokers and non-vegetarians. High TG levels and low HDL levels are the predominant lipid abnormalities in chronic diabetic patients with AMI. There is also a significant association between smoking and these parameters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ishibashi and Takagi considered 'ferroelectric domain switching' just equivalent to 'phase evolution during crystal growth'. They slightly modified Kolmogorov and Avrami's classical theory of 'phase transformations in crystal growth' and applied it to the switching data in ferroelectrics. Here an effort is made to elucidate mathematical steps in evolution of this new KAI model used to fit experimental switching data to estimate microscopic switching parameters. In mixed composite system (x = 0.09), the domain growth dimension () is found to expand from to when signal amplitude changed from to The cesium substitution is supposed to have enabled lone pairs on central nitrogen of nitrite group to orient constituting branches into more ordered state in the matrix of molecular chains of the PVA facilitating control of crystallization process which led to lowering of strain giving rise to the increased change in with change in pulse amplitude. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The remanant polarization in ferroelectric materials appear due to some lattice hindrances which do not allow the domains and their constituting unit cells to relax back to their previous orientations at zero value of sweeping field. This tendency appears in the form of capacitance due to shaking-up of the positive and negative charge centers of the structural unit cells in every domain leading to movement of charges throughout the system. It is this kind of movement and not the permanent dipole moment of the charges in the ferroelectric sample which becomes the cause of capacitance and hence helps the system to store energy from the applied electric field over there; the stored energy in the ferroelectric sample can be stripped off with the application of some minimum reverse field called activation field for polarization reversal. Landauer modeled average polarization current over the switching time and related rate of polarization switching with some minimum applied field below which polarization switching shall be too slow to attain saturation stage of polarization during the life time of the experiment designed for the purpose and accordingly the sample, in spite of being ferroelectric, shall not translate to ferroelectric hysteresis loop. In this paper ferroelectric switching analysis of equal wt% NaNO2-PVA composite fabricated at elevated temperature is carried. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The governing equations of rotating thermoelastic solids with diffusion are solved in context of the Green–Naghdi theory (Type II) to show the numerical existence of four coupled plane waves. The required boundary conditions at the stress free and thermally insulated surface of the model are satisfied to obtain the reflection coefficients of various reflected waves for an incident plane wave. These coefficients are found to depend on rotation parameter, the angle of incidence of striking waves, thermo-diffusion parameters, and other material constants. Complex absolute values of speeds and reflection coefficients are computed for a particular material representing the model. Graphical representation of numerical results show the effects of rotation and diffusion on speed and reflection coefficients of plane waves. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]