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12. The health coaching competency gap – Analysis of pharmacist competency frameworks from Australia, Canada, New Zealand the United Kingdom and the United States of America.

Author

Singh, Harjit K., Kennedy, Gerard A., and Stupans, Ieva

Subjects
*HEALTH education, *OCCUPATIONAL roles, *CURRICULUM, *CLINICAL competence
Abstract

The traditional competency frameworks for coaches, the International Coaching Federation (ICF) and the European Mentoring and Coaching Council (EMCC) disregard the differences in expertise required among the diverse professions that may provide coaching. A recent systematic review has identified competencies specific to health professionals who health coach. There are increasing workload pressures in primary care; pharmacists can potentially shift to the greater provision of health promotion services, such as health coaching. The provision of such services needs to be underpinned by competency frameworks, which support the role of pharmacists as health coaches. This analysis identifies the competency gaps for pharmacists if they are to take on the role of health coaching. The enabling competencies of health coaches were compared to the competency frameworks of pharmacists from Australia (AUS), Canada (CAN), New Zealand (NZ), the United Kingdom (UK) and the United States of America (USA). Correlations between the international pharmacist competency frameworks and the competencies enabling health coaching showed that entry to practice pharmacists from AUS, CAN and NZ all require training enabling the health coaching competency 'demonstrates confidence', whereas competency frameworks for pharmacists from both the UK and the USA included all competencies required to health coach. Although pharmacists from the countries examined had most of the competencies required to health coach, gaps within the international pharmacist competency frameworks were apparent, university curricula addressing these gaps would equip entry to practice pharmacists with the knowledge and understanding to confidently provide emerging professional pharmacy services such as health coaching. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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13. Does the Modality Used in Health Coaching Matter? A Systematic Review of Health Coaching Outcomes

Author

Singh,Harjit K, Kennedy,Gerard A, and Stupans,Ieva

Subjects
Patient Preference and Adherence, education, human activities
Abstract

Harjit Singh,1 Gerard A Kennedy,1– 3 Ieva Stupans1 1The School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; 2School of Science, Psychology and Sport, Federation University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; 3Institute for Breathing and Sleep, Austin Health, Melbourne, VIC, AustraliaCorrespondence: Harjit SinghThe School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, Melbourne, VIC 3083, AustraliaEmail s3200840@student.rmit.edu.auObjective: The purpose of this review was to evaluate the modalities (e.g., face-to-face, telephone or electronic) of pharmacist health coaching providing the greatest improvement in patient outcomes, to enable a more comprehensive evaluation to be done and quality decision-making around health coaching modalities to be undertaken by pharmacists.Methods: This systematic review followed the PRISMA guidelines. CINHAL, EMBASE, PubMed, PsychINFO and SCOPUS were searched (2000– 2019). Included articles were reviewed for the modality used to health coach, the training provided, and the outcomes.Results: Twelve papers met the eligibility criteria. A majority of studies included involved a combination of modalities of pharmacist health coaching. Four papers referred to face-to-face sessions, and one study used telephone coaching. In each paper, coaching led to an improvement in clinical and non-clinical health outcomes.Conclusion: The training provided to health coaches varied and in some cases was not reported. Inconsistencies in reports led to difficulties when comparing study outcomes. Therefore, conclusions about the modality providing the greatest improvement in patient outcomes and the most pragmatic health coaching modality are not possible. Studies that document the training, the modality, the outcomes and the cost benefits of coaching by pharmacists are warranted to enable a more comprehensive evaluation to be done and quality decision-making around health coaching modalities to be undertaken by pharmacists.Keywords: health, coaching, pharmacy, modalities

Published
2020

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