983 results on '"Sinclair, C. A"'
Search Results
2. Reduced atmospheres of post-impact worlds: The early Earth
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Itcovitz, J. P., Rae, A. S. P., Citron, R. I., Stewart, S. T., Sinclair, C. A., Rimmer, P. B., and Shorttle, O.
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Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics - Abstract
Impacts may have had a significant effect on the atmospheric chemistry of the early Earth. Reduced phases in the impactor (e.g., metallic iron) can reduce the planet's H$_2$O inventory to produce massive atmospheres rich in H$_2$. Whilst previous studies have focused on the interactions between the impactor and atmosphere in such scenarios, we investigate two further effects, 1) the distribution of the impactor's iron inventory during impact between the target interior, target atmosphere, and escaping the target, and 2) interactions between the post-impact atmosphere and the impact-generated melt phase. We find that these two effects can potentially counterbalance each other, with the melt-atmosphere interactions acting to restore reducing power to the atmosphere that was initially accreted by the melt phase. For a $\sim10^{22}\,\mathrm{kg}$ impactor, when the iron accreted by the melt phase is fully available to reduce this melt, we find an equilibrium atmosphere with H$_2$ column density $\sim10^4\,\mathrm{moles\,cm^{-2}}$ ($p\mathrm{H2}\sim120\,\mathrm{bars}\mathrm{,}~X_\mathrm{H2}\sim0.77$), consistent with previous estimates. However, when the iron is not available to reduce the melt (e.g., sinking out in large diameter blobs), we find significantly less H$_2$ ($7\times10^2-5\times10^3\,\mathrm{moles\,cm^{-2}}$, $p\mathrm{H2}\lesssim60\,\mathrm{bars}\mathrm{,}~X_\mathrm{H2}\lesssim0.41$). These lower H$_2$ abundances are sufficiently high that species important to prebiotic chemistry can form (e.g., NH3, HCN), but sufficiently low that the greenhouse heating effects associated with highly reducing atmospheres, which are problematic to such chemistry, are suppressed. The manner in which iron is accreted by the impact-generated melt phase is critical in determining the reducing power of the atmosphere and re-solidified melt pool in the aftermath of impact., Comment: 34 Pages, 11 Figures, 3 Appendices, Accepted for publication in PSJ more...
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- 2022
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Catalog
3. Vibratory Powder Feeding for Powder Bed AdditiveManufacturing using Water and Gas Atomized MetalPowders
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Sinclair, C. W., Edinger, R., Sparling, W., Molavi-Kakhki, A., and Labrecque, C.
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Condensed Matter - Materials Science - Abstract
Commercial powder bed fusion additive manufacturing systems use recoaters for the layer-by-layer distribution of powder. Despite the known limitations of recoaters, there has been relatively little work presented on the possible benefits of alternative powder delivery systems. Here, we show the use of a technology using simple vibration to control the powder flow for powder bed additive manufacturing. The capabilities of this approach are illustrated experimentally using two very different powders; a `conventional' gas atomized Ti-6Al-4V powder designed for electron beam additive manufacturing and a water atomized Fe-4wt\%Ni alloy used in powder metallurgy. Discrete element modelling is used to reveal the mechanisms controlling the dependence of feed rate on feeder process parameters and to investigate the potential strengths and limitations of this approach., Comment: 30 pages, 14 figures more...
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- 2021
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4. A Radiologic Grading System for Assessing the Radiographic Outcome of Treatment in Lymphatic and Lymphatic-Venous Malformations of the Head and Neck
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De Leacy, R, Bageac, DV, Manna, S, Gershon, BS, Kirke, D, Shigematsu, T, Sinclair, C, Chada, D, Som, P, Doshi, A, Nael, K, and Berenstein, A
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Biomedical and Clinical Sciences ,Clinical Sciences ,Biomedical Imaging ,Clinical Research ,Child ,Head ,Humans ,Lymphatic Abnormalities ,Neck ,Reproducibility of Results ,Retrospective Studies ,Sclerotherapy ,Treatment Outcome ,Neurosciences ,Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging ,Clinical sciences ,Physical chemistry - Abstract
Background and purposeTwo-thirds of lymphatic malformations in children are found in the head and neck. Although conventionally managed through surgical resection, percutaneous sclerotherapy has gained popularity. No reproducible grading system has been designed to compare sclerotherapy outcomes on the basis of radiologic findings. We propose an MR imaging-based grading scale to assess the response to sclerotherapy and present an evaluation of its interrater reliability.Materials and methodsA grading system was developed to stratify treatment outcomes on the basis of interval changes observed on MR imaging. By means of this system, 56 consecutive cases from our institution with formally diagnosed head and neck lymphatic malformations treated by sclerotherapy were retrospectively graded. Each patient underwent pre- and posttreatment MR imaging. Each study was evaluated by 3 experienced neuroradiologists. Interrater reliability was assessed using the Krippendorff α statistic, intraclass coefficient, and 2-way Spearman ρ correlation.ResultsThe overall Krippendorff α statistic was 0.93 (95% CI, 0.89-0.95), denoting excellent agreement among raters. Intraclass coefficients with respect to consistency and absolute agreements were both 0.97 (95% CI, 0.96-0.98), illustrating low variability. Every combination of individual rater pairs demonstrated statistically significant (P < .01) linear Spearman ρ correlations, with values ranging from 0.90 to 0.95.ConclusionsThe proposed radiographic grading scale demonstrates excellent interrater reliability. Adoption of this new scale can standardize reported outcomes following sclerotherapy for head and neck lymphatic malformation and may aid in the investigation of future questions regarding optimal management of these lesions. more...
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- 2021
5. The Benefits of Trace Cu in Wrought Al-Mg Alloys
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Medrano, S., Zhao, H., Gault, B., De Geuser, F., and Sinclair, C. W.
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Condensed Matter - Materials Science - Abstract
The softening and strengthening contributions in pre-deformed and aged Al-Mg-Cu alloys containing 3wt.%Mg and 0.5wt.%Cu are evaluated by a combination of microscopy, mechanical testing and modelling. A refined phenomenological model for the work hardening response, accounting for the separate effects of recovery and precipitation, is shown to be suitable for an unambiguous determination of the precipitation hardening contribution in these alloys. Significantly, it is found that the mechanical response of these alloys is not strongly impacted by Cu content (in the low Cu content regime), pre-deformation level or aging temperature meaning that the alloys are robust with respect to variations in composition. This is interesting from the perspective of alloy design concepts based on `recycling friendly' compositions in applications that include paint-baking., Comment: 33 pages, 10 figures more...
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- 2020
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6. Susceptibility of planetary atmospheres to mass loss and growth by planetesimal impacts: the impact shoreline
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Wyatt, M. C., Kral, Q., and Sinclair, C. A.
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Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics - Abstract
This paper considers how planetesimal impacts affect planetary atmospheres. Atmosphere evolution depends on the ratio of gain from volatiles to loss from atmosphere stripping f_v; for constant bombardment, atmospheres with f_v<1 are destroyed in finite time, but grow linearly with time for f_v>1. An impact outcome prescription is used to characterise how f_v depends on planetesimal impact velocities, size distribution and composition. Planets that are low mass and/or close to the star have atmospheres that deplete in impacts, while high mass and/or distant planets grow secondary atmospheres. Dividing these outcomes is an fv=1 impact shoreline analogous to Zahnle & Catling's cosmic shoreline. The impact shoreline's location depends on assumed impacting planetesimal properties, so conclusions for the atmospheric evolution of a planet like Earth with f_v~1 are only as strong as those assumptions. Application to the exoplanet population shows the gap in the planet radius distribution at ~1.5R_earth is coincident with the impact shoreline, which has a similar dependence on orbital period and stellar mass to the observed gap. Given sufficient bombardment, planets below the gap would be expected to lose their atmospheres, while those above could have atmospheres enhanced in volatiles. The level of atmosphere alteration depends on the total bombardment a planet experiences, and so on the system's (usually unknown) other planets and planetesimals, though massive distant planets would have low accretion efficiency. Habitable zone planets around lower luminosity stars are more susceptible to atmosphere stripping, disfavouring M stars as hosts of life-bearing planets if Earth-like bombardment is conducive to the development of life., Comment: Accepted for publication by MNRAS more...
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- 2019
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7. COVID-19 vaccine coverage in health-care workers in England and effectiveness of BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine against infection (SIREN): a prospective, multicentre, cohort study
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Andrews, N, Atti, A, Aziz, H, Brooks, T, Brown, CS, Camero, D, Carr, C, Chand, MA, Charlett, A, Crawford, H, Cole, M, Conneely, J, D'Arcangelo, S, Ellis, J, Evans, S, Foulkes, S, Gillson, N, Gopal, R, Hall, L, Hall, VJ, Harrington, P, Hopkins, S, Hewson, J, Hoschler, K, Ironmonger, D, Islam, J, Kall, M, Karagiannis, I, Kay, O, Khawam, J, King, E, Kirwan, P, Kyffin, R, Lackenby, A, Lattimore, M, Linley, E, Lopez-Bernal, J, Mabey, L, McGregor, R, Miah, S, Monk, EJM, Munro, K, Naheed, Z, Nissr, A, O'Connell, AM, Oguti, B, Okafor, H, Organ, S, Osbourne, J, Otter, A, Patel, M, Platt, S, Pople, D, Potts, K, Ramsay, M, Robotham, J, Rokadiya, S, Rowe, C, Saei, A, Sebbage, G, Semper, A, Shrotri, M, Simmons, R, Soriano, A, Staves, P, Taylor, S, Taylor, A, Tengbe, A, Tonge, S, Vusirikala, A, Wallace, S, Wellington, E, Zambon, M, Corrigan, D, Sartaj, M, Cromey, L, Campbell, S, Braithwaite, K, Price, L, Haahr, L, Stewart, S, Lacey, ED, Partridge, L, Stevens, G, Ellis, Y, Hodgson, H, Norman, C, Larru, B, Mcwilliam, S, Roynon, A, Northfield, J, Winchester, S, Cieciwa, P, Pai, A, Bakker, P, Loughrey, C, Watt, A, Adair, F, Hawkins, A, Grant, A, Temple-Purcell, R, Howard, J, Slawson, N, Subudhi, C, Davies, S, Bexley, A, Penn, R, Wong, N, Boyd, G, Rajgopal, A, Arenas-Pinto, A, Matthews, R, Whileman, A, Laugharne, R, Ledger, J, Barnes, T, Jones, C, Osuji, N, Chitalia, N, Bailey, T, Akhtar, S, Harrison, G, Horne, S, Walker, N, Agwuh, K, Maxwell, V, Graves, J, Williams, S, O'Kelly, A, Ridley, P, Cowley, A, Johnstone, H, Swift, P, Democratis, J, Meda, M, Brake, S, Gunn, J, Selassi, A, Hams, S, Irvine, V, Chandrasekaran, B, Forsyth, C, Radmore, J, Thomas, C, Brown, K, Roberts, S, Burns, P, Gajee, K, Lewis, T, Byrne, TM, Sanderson, F, Knight, S, Macnaughton, E, Burton, BJL, Smith, H, Chaudhuri, R, Aeron-Thomas, J, Hollinshead, K, Shorten, RJ, Swan, A, Favager, C, Murira, J, Baillon, S, Hamer, S, Shah, A, Russell, J, Brennan, D, Dave, A, Chawla, A, Westwell, F, Adeboyeku, D, Papineni, P, Pegg, C, Williams, M, Ahmad, S, Horsley, A, Gabriel, C, Pagget, K, Maloney, G, Ashcroft, J, Del Rosario, I, Crosby-Nwaobi, R, Flanagan, D, Dhasmana, D, Fowler, S, Cameron, E, Prentice, L, Sinclair, C, Bateman, V, McLelland-Brooks, K, Ho, A, Murphy, M, Cochrane, A, Gibson, A, Black, K, Tempeton, K, Donaldson, S, Coke, L, Elumogo, N, Elliott, J, Padgett, D, Cross, A, Mirfenderesky, M, Joyce, S, Sinanovic, I, Howard, M, Cowling, P, Brazil, M, Hanna, E, Abdelrazik, A, Brand, S, Sheridan, EA, Wadams, B, Lloyd, A, Mouland, J, Giles, J, Pottinger, G, Coles, H, Joseph, M, Lee, M, Orr, S, Chenoweth, H, Browne, D, Auckland, C, Lear, R, Mahungu, T, Rodger, A, Warren, S, Brooking, D, Pai, S, Druyeh, R, Smith, E, Stone, S, Meisner, S, Delgado, D, Underhill, E, Keen, L, Aga, M, Domingos, P, Gormley, S, Kerrison, C, Birch, S, DeSilva, T, Allsop, L, Ambalkar, S, Beekes, M, Jose, S, Tomlinson, J, Painter, Sharen, Price, C, Pepperell, J, James, K, Trinick, T, Moore, L, Day, J, Boulos, A, Knox, I, Defever, E, McCracken, D, Gray, K, Houston, A, Planche, T, Pritchard Jones, R, Wycherley, Diane, Bennett, S, Marrs, J, Nimako, K, Stewart, B, Bain, SC, Kalakonda, N, Khanduri, S, Ashby, A, Holden, M, Mahabir, N, Harwood, J, Payne, B, Court, K, White, N, Longfellow, R, Hughes, LE, Green, ME, Halkes, M, Mercer, P, Roebuck, A, Wilson-Davies, E, Gallego, L, Lazarus, R, Aldridge, N, Berry, L, Game, F, Reynolds, T, Holmes, C, Wiselka, M, Higham, A, Booth, M, Duff, C, Alderton, J, Hilton, D, Powell, J, Jackson, A, Plant, AJ, Ahmed, N, Chin, T, Qazzafi, MZ, Moody, AM, Tilley, RE, Donaghy, T, O'Kane, M, Shipman, K, Sierra, R, Parmar, C, Mills, G, Harvey, D, Huang, YWJ, Birch, J, Robinson, L, Board, S, Broadley, A, Laven, C, Todd, N, Eyre, DW, Jeffery, K, Dunachie, S, Duncan, C, Klenerman, P, Turtle, L, Baxendale, H, Heeney, JL, Hall, Victoria Jane, Foulkes, Sarah, Saei, Ayoub, Andrews, Nick, Oguti, Blanche, Charlett, Andre, Wellington, Edgar, Stowe, Julia, Gillson, Natalie, Atti, Ana, Islam, Jasmin, Karagiannis, Ioannis, Munro, Katie, Khawam, Jameel, Chand, Meera A, Brown, Colin S, Ramsay, Mary, Lopez-Bernal, Jamie, and Hopkins, Susan more...
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- 2021
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8. The Challenge of Human Resources Development in Iraq
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Birks, J. S., primary and Sinclair, C., additional
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- 2021
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9. Recurrence-free survival after total thyroidectomy and lobectomy in patients with papillary thyroid microcarcinoma
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van Gerwen, M., Alsen, M., Lee, E., Sinclair, C., Genden, E., and Taioli, E.
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- 2021
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10. Formal assessment of the educational environment experienced by interns placed in rural hospitals in Western Australia
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Auret, K A, Skinner, L, Sinclair, C, and Evans, S
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- 2013
11. Shaking-induced dynamics of cold atoms in magnetic traps
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García, I. Llorente, Darquié, B., Sinclair, C. D. J., Curtis, E. A., Tachikawa, M., Hudson, J. J., and Hinds, E. A.
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Physics - Atomic Physics - Abstract
We describe an experiment in which cold rubidium atoms, confined in an elongated magnetic trap, are excited by transverse oscillation of the trap centre. The temperature after excitation exhibits resonance as a function of the driving frequency. We measure these resonances at several different trap frequencies. In order to interpret the experiments, we develop a simple model that incorporates both collisions between atoms and the anharmonicity of the real three-dimensional trapping potential. As well as providing a precise connection between the transverse harmonic oscillation frequency and the temperature resonance frequency, this model gives insight into the heating and loss mechanisms, and into the dynamics of driven clouds of cold trapped atoms., Comment: 7 pages, 8 figures more...
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- 2013
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12. Tranexamic acid in coronary artery surgery: One-year results of the Aspirin and Tranexamic Acid for Coronary Artery Surgery (ATACAS) trial
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Myles, Paul, Smith, Julian, Cooper, D. James, Silbert, Brendan, McNeil, John, Marasco, Silvana, Esmore, Donald, Krum, Henry, Tonkin, A., Buxton, B., Heritier, S., Merry, A., Liew, D., McNeil, J., Forbes, A., Cooper, D.J., Wallace, S., Meehan, A., Myles, P., Galagher, W., Farrington, C., Ditoro, A., Wutzlhofer, L., Story, D., Peyton, P., Baulch, S., Sidiropoulos, S., Potgieter, D., Baker, R.A., Pesudovs, B., O'Loughlin J Wells, E., Coutts, P., Bolsin, S., Osborne, C., Ives, K., Smith, J., Hulley, A., Christie-Taylor, G., Painter, T., Lang, S., Mackay, H., Cokis, C., March, S., Bannon, P.G., Wong, C., Turner, L., Scott, D., Silbert, B., Said, S., Corcoran, P., de Prinse, L., Bussières, J.S., Gagné, N., Lamy, A., Semelhago, L., Chan, M.T.V., Underwood, M., Choi, G.S.Y., Fung, B., Landoni, G., Lembo, R., Monaco, F., Simeone, F., Marianello, D., Alvaro, G., De Vuono, G., van Dijk, D., Dieleman, J., Numan, S., McGuinness, S., Parke, R., Raudkivi, P., Gilder, E., Byrne, K., Dunning, J., Termaat, J., Mans, G., Jayarajah, M., Alderton, J., Waugh, D., Platt, M.J., Pai, A., Sevillano, A., Lal, A., Sinclair, C., Kunst, G., Knighton, A., Cubas, G.M., Saravanan, P., Millner, R., Vasudevan, V., Patteril, M., Lopez, E., Basu, R., Lu, J., Myles, Paul S., Smith, Julian A., Kasza, Jessica, Jayarajah, Mohandas, Painter, Thomas, Bussières, Jean S., McGuinness, Shay, Byrne, Kelly, Chan, Matthew T.V., Landoni, Giovanni, Wallace, Sophie, and Forbes, Andrew more...
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- 2019
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13. Diffusion, thermalization and optical pumping of YbF molecules in a cold buffer gas cell
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Skoff, S. M., Hendricks, R. J., Sinclair, C. D. J., Hudson, J. J., Segal, D. M., Sauer, B. E., Hinds, E. A., and Tarbutt, M. R.
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Physics - Atomic Physics - Abstract
We produce YbF molecules with a density of 10^18 m^-3 using laser ablation inside a cryogenically-cooled cell filled with a helium buffer gas. Using absorption imaging and absorption spectroscopy we study the formation, diffusion, thermalization and optical pumping of the molecules. The absorption images show an initial rapid expansion of molecules away from the ablation target followed by a much slower diffusion to the cell walls. We study how the time constant for diffusion depends on the helium density and temperature, and obtain values for the YbF-He diffusion cross-section at two different temperatures. We measure the translational and rotational temperatures of the molecules as a function of time since formation, obtain the characteristic time constant for the molecules to thermalize with the cell walls, and elucidate the process responsible for limiting this thermalization rate. Finally, we make a detailed study of how the absorption of the probe laser saturates as its intensity increases, showing that the saturation intensity is proportional to the helium density. We use this to estimate collision rates and the density of molecules in the cell., Comment: 20 pages, 11 figures, minor revisions following referee suggestions more...
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- 2010
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14. Experiments on a videotape atom chip: fragmentation and transport studies
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Garcia, I. Llorente, Darquie, B., Curtis, E. A., Sinclair, C. D. J., and Hinds, E. A.
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Physics - Atomic Physics - Abstract
This paper reports on experiments with ultra-cold rubidium atoms confined in microscopic magnetic traps created using a piece of periodically-magnetized videotape mounted on an atom chip. The roughness of the confining potential is studied with atomic clouds at temperatures of a few microKelvin and at distances between 30 and 80 microns from the videotape-chip surface. The inhomogeneities in the magnetic field created by the magnetized videotape close to the central region of the chip are characterized in this way. In addition, we demonstrate a novel transport mechanism whereby we convey cold atoms confined in arrays of videotape magnetic micro-traps over distances as large as ~ 1 cm parallel to the chip surface. This conveying mechanism enables us to survey the surface of the chip and observe potential-roughness effects across different regions., Comment: 29 pages, 22 figures. more...
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- 2010
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15. Doppler-free laser spectroscopy of buffer gas cooled molecular radicals
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Skoff, S. M., Hendricks, R. J., Sinclair, C. D. J., Tarbutt, M. R., Hudson, J. J., Segal, D. M., Sauer, B. E., and Hinds, E. A.
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Physics - Atomic Physics - Abstract
We demonstrate Doppler-free saturated absorption spectroscopy of cold molecular radicals formed by laser ablation inside a cryogenic buffer gas cell. By lowering the temperature, congested regions of the spectrum can be simplified, and by using different temperatures for different regions of the spectrum a wide range of rotational states can be studied optimally. We use the technique to study the optical spectrum of YbF radicals with a resolution of 30 MHz, measuring the magnetic hyperfine parameters of the electronic ground state. The method is suitable for high resolution spectroscopy of a great variety of molecules at controlled temperature and pressure, and is particularly well-suited to those that are difficult to produce in the gas phase., Comment: 11 pages, 4 figures more...
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- 2009
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16. Online market research panel members as controls in case–control studies to investigate gastrointestinal disease outbreaks : early experiences and lessons learnt from the UK – ERRATUM
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Mook, P., McCormick, J., Kanagarajah, S., Adak, G. K., Cleary, P., Elson, R., Gobin, M., Hawker, J., Inns, T., Sinclair, C., Trienekens, S. C. M., Vivancos, R., and McCarthy, N. D.
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- 2018
17. Delay from symptom onset to treatment start among tuberculosis patients in England, 2012–2015
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Loutet, M. G., Sinclair, C., Whitehead, N., Cosgrove, C., Lalor, M. K., and Thomas, H. L.
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- 2018
18. Bose-Einstein Condensation on a Permanent-Magnet Atom Chip
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Sinclair, C. D. J., Curtis, E. A., Garcia, I. Llorente, Retter, J. A., Hall, B. V., Eriksson, S., Sauer, B. E., and Hinds, E. A.
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Condensed Matter - Other Condensed Matter ,Physics - Atomic Physics - Abstract
We have produced a Bose-Einstein condensate on a permanent-magnet atom chip based on periodically magnetized videotape. We observe the expansion and dynamics of the condensate in one of the microscopic waveguides close to the surface. The lifetime for atoms to remain trapped near this dielectric material is significantly longer than above a metal surface of the same thickness. These results illustrate the suitability of microscopic permanent-magnet structures for quantum-coherent preparation and manipulation of cold atoms., Comment: 4 pages, 6 figures, Published in Phys. Rev. A, Rapid Comm more...
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- 2005
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19. Cold atoms in videotape micro-traps
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Sinclair, C. D. J., Retter, J. A., Curtis, E. A., Hall, B. V., Garcia, I. Llorente, Eriksson, S., Sauer, B. E., and Hinds, E. A.
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Physics - Atomic Physics - Abstract
We describe an array of microscopic atom traps formed by a pattern of magnetisation on a piece of videotape. We describe the way in which cold atoms are loaded into one of these micro-traps and how the trapped atom cloud is used to explore the properties of the trap. Evaporative cooling in the micro-trap down to a temperature of 1 microkelvin allows us to probe the smoothness of the trapping potential and reveals some inhomogeneity produced by the magnetic film. We discuss future prospects for atom chips based on microscopic permanent-magnet structures., Comment: Submitted for EPJD topical issue "Atom chips: manipulating atoms and molecules with microfabricated structures" more...
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- 2005
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20. Integrated optical components on atom chips
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Eriksson, S., Trupke, M., Powell, H. F., Sahagun, D., Sinclair, C. D. J., Curtis, E. A., Sauer, B. E., Hinds, E. A., Moktadir, Z., Gollasch, C. O., and Kraft, M.
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Physics - Atomic Physics - Abstract
We report on the integration of small-scale optical components into silicon wafers for use in atom chips. We present an on-chip fibre-optic atom detection scheme that can probe clouds with small atom numbers. The fibres can also be used to generate microscopic dipole traps. We describe our most recent results with optical microcavities and show that single-atom detection can be realised on an atom chip. The key components have been fabricated by etching directly into the atom chip silicon substrate., Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures more...
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- 2005
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21. The role of Zap70 in thymocyte development
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Sinclair, C.
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616 - Abstract
CD4+CD8+ double positive (DP) precursors undergo positive selection in the thymus, and subsequently commit to either the CD4 or CD8 single positive (SP) lineage. Mice lacking Zap70, a crucial kinase involved in T-cell receptor (TCR) signal transduction are developmentally arrested at the DP stage, showing that this process depends on TCR signalling. Furthermore, the resultant SP populations are major histocompatibility (MHC) matched, as CD4 lineage cells recognise MHC-II whereas CD8 lineage T cells recognise MHC-I. There are currently two favoured models describing how the MHC restriction of the TCR correlates with lineage choice. These suggest that differences in either the TCR signalling strength or signalling length underlie the CD4/CD8 lineage decision during the DP stage. Both models posit that differences in signalling strength/length are properties that are conferred by the different signalling capacities of the CD4/CD8 coreceptors. However, questions remain over the mechanisms behind this process, including how the selecting cell interprets the proximal differences in TCR activation and whether the quality of this signal impacts on its future homeostatic survival potential. A major obstacle in addressing these questions is the lack of tools to facilitate understanding of the kinetic regulation of positive selection. We therefore sought to examine the kinetics of T-cell development using a tetracycline inducible Zap70 mouse model (TetZap70 hereon). In the absence of the tetracycline derivative doxycycline (dox), T-cells were arrested at the DP stage, prior to positive selection. However, the administration of dox induced positive selection of a synchronized wave of positively selecting thymocytes, enabling the resolution of intermediate populations of positively selecting DPs. We found that CD4 and CD8 lineage development occurred with temporal distinction, from phenotypically disparate populations of DP thymocytes. Furthermore, we found that endogenous Zap70 was developmentally regulated in different DP populations of WT mice, and loss of this regulation in TetZap70 mice corresponded to an impairment in CD8 lineage generation. Thus we suggest that temporal regulation of T-cell signalling sensitivity during thymic development facilitates the resolution of strong/consistent signals versus weak/intermittent signals. Finally we find evidence that the quality of the positive selection signal not only controls the CD4/CD8 lineage decision, but also impacts on the future homeostatic survival potential of T-cells by influencing levels of the prosurvival interleukin-7 receptor alpha chain (IL7rα). more...
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- 2010
22. Human health in relation to exposure to solar ultraviolet radiation under changing stratospheric ozone and climate
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Lucas, R. M., Yazar, S., Young, A. R., Norval, M., de Gruijl, F. R., Takizawa, Y., Rhodes, L. E., Sinclair, C. A., and Neale, R. E.
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- 2019
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23. Investigation of a national outbreak of STEC Escherichia coli O157 using online consumer panel control methods : Great Britain, October 2014
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SINCLAIR, C., JENKINS, C., WARBURTON, F., ADAK, G. K., and HARRIS, J. P.
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- 2017
24. Aging Behavior of Flexcast® Al-Mg Alloys with Sc and Zr Additions
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Sohi, M., Singh, N., Sinclair, C. W., Poole, W. J., Gallerneault, M., Weiland, Hasso, editor, Rollett, Anthony D., editor, and Cassada, William A., editor
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- 2016
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25. Levels of Variation in Stress Resistance in Drosophila among Strains, Local Populations, and Geographic Regions: Patterns for Desiccation, Starvation, Cold Resistance, and Associated Traits
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Hoffmann, Ary A., Hallas, R., Sinclair, C., and Mitrovski, P.
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- 2001
26. Who is Migrating Where? An Overview of International Labor Migration in the Arab World
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Birks, J. S., primary, Serageldin, I., additional, Sinclair, C. A., additional, and Socknat, J. A., additional
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- 2019
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27. The Demand for Egyptian Labor Abroad
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Birks, J. S., primary, Sinclair, C. A., additional, and Socknat, J. A., additional
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- 2019
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28. Genetic assignment to stock of stranded common bottlenose dolphins in southeastern Louisiana after the Deepwater Horizon oil spill
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Rosel, PE, Wilcox, LA, Sinclair, C, Speakman, TR, Tumlin, MC, Litz, JA, and Zolman, ES
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Zoology ,QL1-991 ,Botany ,QK1-989 - Abstract
Degradation of marine ecosystems is an increasing problem and extends beyond nearshore coastal waters with significant human development. However, measuring ecosystem damage and decreased ecosystem function can be difficult. Marine mammals have often been recommended as indicators for evaluating ecosystem health. Between March 2010 and July 2014, a significant cetacean unusual mortality event occurred across the northern Gulf of Mexico, where multiple demographically independent populations of common bottlenose dolphins Tursiops truncatus occur adjacent to one another. Some populations are fairly small and restricted to small habitat areas, while other populations have higher abundances and cover broader geographic ranges. An integral component to determining the impact of this event on these populations is identifying what percentage of each population the stranded animals comprise. We applied genetic assignment test methods to stranded dolphins from southeastern Louisiana to determine the proportion of dead dolphins that came from the local estuarine population versus the population found in adjacent coastal waters. Forty-one microsatellite loci were genotyped in 156 live dolphins sampled to represent the 2 potential stocks of origin and in 131 dead stranded dolphins of unknown origin. Both classical assignment tests and genetic stock identification methods indicated that approximately 6 to 7% of the sampled stranded dolphins originated from the Western Coastal Stock and the remainder from the smaller, estuarine stock in Barataria Bay, Louisiana. more...
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- 2017
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29. Survival, density, and abundance of common bottlenose dolphins in Barataria Bay (USA) following the Deepwater Horizon oil spill
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McDonald, TL, Hornsby, FE, Speakman, TR, Zolman, ES, Mullin, KD, Sinclair, C, Rosel, PE, Thomas, L, and Schwacke, LH
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Zoology ,QL1-991 ,Botany ,QK1-989 - Abstract
To assess potential impacts of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill in April 2010, we conducted boat-based photo-identification surveys for common bottlenose dolphins Tursiops truncatus in Barataria Bay, Louisiana, USA (~230 km2, located 167 km WNW of the spill center). Crews logged 838 h of survey effort along pre-defined routes on 10 occasions between late June 2010 and early May 2014. We applied a previously unpublished spatial version of the robust design capture-recapture model to estimate survival and density. This model used photo locations to estimate density in the absence of study area boundaries and to separate mortality from permanent emigration. To estimate abundance, we applied density estimates to saltwater (salinity > ~8 ppt) areas of the bay where telemetry data suggested that dolphins reside. Annual dolphin survival varied between 0.80 and 0.85 (95% CIs varied from 0.77 to 0.90) over 3 yr following the Deepwater Horizon spill. In 2 non-oiled bays (in Florida and North Carolina), historic survival averages approximately 0.95. From June to November 2010, abundance increased from 1300 (95% CI ± ~130) to 3100 (95% CI ± ~400), then declined and remained between ~1600 and ~2400 individuals until spring 2013. In fall 2013 and spring 2014, abundance increased again to approximately 3100 individuals. Dolphin abundance prior to the spill was unknown, but we hypothesize that some dolphins moved out of the sampled area, probably northward into marshes, prior to initiation of our surveys in late June 2010, and later immigrated back into the sampled area. more...
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- 2017
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30. Assigning stranded bottlenose dolphins to source stocks using stable isotope ratios following the Deepwater Horizon oil spill
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Hohn, AA, Thomas, L, Carmichael, RH, Litz, J, Clemons-Chevis, C, Shippee, SF, Sinclair, C, Smith, S, Speakman, TR, Tumlin, MC, and Zolman, ES
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Zoology ,QL1-991 ,Botany ,QK1-989 - Abstract
The potential for stranded dolphins to serve as a tool for monitoring free-ranging populations would be enhanced if their stocks of origin were known. We used stable isotopes of carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur from skin to assign stranded bottlenose dolphins Tursiops truncatus to different habitats, as a proxy for stocks (demographically independent populations), following the Deepwater Horizon oil spill. Model results from biopsy samples collected from dolphins from known habitats (n = 205) resulted in an 80.5% probability of correct assignment. These results were applied to data from stranded dolphins (n = 217), resulting in predicted assignment probabilities of 0.473, 0.172, and 0.355 to Estuarine, Barrier Island (BI), and Coastal stocks, respectively. Differences were found west and east of the Mississippi River, with more Coastal dolphins stranding in western Louisiana and more Estuarine dolphins stranding in Mississippi. Within the Estuarine East Stock, 2 groups were identified, one predominantly associated with Mississippi and Alabama estuaries and another with western Florida. δ15N values were higher in stranded samples for both Estuarine and BI stocks, potentially indicating nutritional stress. High probabilities of correct assignment of the biopsy samples indicate predictable variation in stable isotopes and fidelity to habitat. The power of δ34S to discriminate habitats relative to salinity was essential. Stable isotopes may provide guidance regarding where additional testing is warranted to confirm demographic independence and aid in determining the source habitat of stranded dolphins, thus increasing the value of biological data collected from stranded individuals. more...
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- 2017
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31. Enhancement of a quasi-analytical solution for modelling additive manufacturing processes
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Cooke, S., primary, Sinclair, C., additional, and Maijer, D., additional
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- 2023
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32. Collective Writing : The Continuous Struggle for Meaning-Making
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Jandrić, P., Luke, T. W., Sturm, S., McLaren, P., Jackson, L., MacKenzie, A., Tesar, M., Stewart, G. T., Roberts, P., Abegglen, S., Burns, T., Sinfield, S., Hayes, S., Jaldemark, Jimmy, Peters, M. A., Sinclair, C., Gibbons, A., Jandrić, P., Luke, T. W., Sturm, S., McLaren, P., Jackson, L., MacKenzie, A., Tesar, M., Stewart, G. T., Roberts, P., Abegglen, S., Burns, T., Sinfield, S., Hayes, S., Jaldemark, Jimmy, Peters, M. A., Sinclair, C., and Gibbons, A. more...
- Abstract
This paper is a summary of philosophy, theory, and practice arising from collective writing experiments conducted between 2016 and 2022 in the community associated with the Editors’ Collective and more than 20 scholarly journals. The main body of the paper summarises the community’s insights into the many faces of collective writing. Appendix 1 presents the workflow of the article’s development. Appendix 2 lists approximately 100 collectively written scholarly articles published between 2016 and 2022. Collective writing is a continuous struggle for meaning-making, and our research insights merely represent one milestone in this struggle. Collective writing can be designed in many different ways, and our workflow merely shows one possible design that we found useful. There are many more collectively written scholarly articles than we could gather, and our reading list merely offers sources that the co-authors could think of. While our research insights and our attempts at synthesis are inevitably incomplete, ‘Collective Writing: The Continuous Struggle for Meaning-Making’ is a tiny theoretical steppingstone and a useful overview of sources for those interested in theory and practice of collective writing. more...
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- 2023
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33. In-situ laser ultrasonic measurement of the hcp to bcc transformation in commercially pure titanium
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Shinbine, A., Garcin, T., and Sinclair, C.
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- 2016
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34. A review of spinal cord stimulation systems for chronic pain
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Verrills P, Sinclair C, and Barnard A
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Spinal Cord Stimulator ,Neuromodulation ,chronic pain ,low back pain ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Paul Verrills,1 Chantelle Sinclair,2 Adele Barnard2 1Metro Pain Group, 2Monash Clinical Research, Monash House, Clayton, Victoria, Australia Abstract: Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) applications and technologies are fast advancing. New SCS technologies are being used increasingly in the clinical environment, but often there is a lag period between the clinical application and the publishing of high-quality evidence on safety and efficacy. Recent developments will undoubtedly expand the applicability of SCS, allowing more effective and individualized treatment for patients, and may have the potential to salvage patients who have previously failed neuromodulation. Already, high-level evidence exists for the safety, efficacy, and cost-effectiveness (Level I–II) of traditional SCS therapies in the treatment of chronic refractory low back with predominant limb pain (regardless of surgical history). More than half of all patients with chronic painful conditions experience sustained and significant levels of pain reduction following SCS treatment. Although only limited evidence exists for burst stimulation, there is now Level I evidence for both dorsal root ganglion SCS and high-frequency SCS that demonstrates compelling results compared with traditional therapies. The body of evidence built on traditional SCS research may be redundant, with newer iterations of SCS therapies such as dorsal root ganglion SCS, high-frequency SCS, and burst SCS. A number of variables have been identified that can affect SCS efficacy: implanter experience, appropriate patient selection, etiologies of patient pain, existence of comorbidities, including psychiatric illness, smoking status, and delay to SCS implant following pain onset. Overall, scientific literature demonstrates SCS to be a safe, effective, and drug-free treatment option for many chronic pain etiologies. Keywords: spinal cord stimulator, neuromodulation, chronic pain, low back pain more...
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- 2016
35. On the direct nucleation and growth of ferrite and cementite without austenite
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Fillon, A., Sauvage, X., Lawrence, B., Sinclair, C., Perez, M., Weck, A., Cantergiani, E., Epicier, T., and Scott, C.P.
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- 2015
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36. SeMPI 2.0—A Web Server for PKS and NRPS Predictions Combined with Metabolite Screening in Natural Product Databases
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Paul F. Zierep, Adriana T. Ceci, Ilia Dobrusin, Sinclair C. Rockwell-Kollmann, and Stefan Günther
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secondary metabolites ,natural compounds ,machine learning ,nonribosomal peptides ,polyketides ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
Microorganisms produce secondary metabolites with a remarkable range of bioactive properties. The constantly increasing amount of published genomic data provides the opportunity for efficient identification of biosynthetic gene clusters by genome mining. On the other hand, for many natural products with resolved structures, the encoding biosynthetic gene clusters have not been identified yet. Of those secondary metabolites, the scaffolds of nonribosomal peptides and polyketides (type I modular) can be predicted due to their building block-like assembly. SeMPI v2 provides a comprehensive prediction pipeline, which includes the screening of the scaffold in publicly available natural compound databases. The screening algorithm was designed to detect homologous structures even for partial, incomplete clusters. The pipeline allows linking of gene clusters to known natural products and therefore also provides a metric to estimate the novelty of the cluster if a matching scaffold cannot be found. Whereas currently available tools attempt to provide comprehensive information about a wide range of gene clusters, SeMPI v2 aims to focus on precise predictions. Therefore, the cluster detection algorithm, including building block generation and domain substrate prediction, was thoroughly refined and benchmarked, to provide high-quality scaffold predictions. In a benchmark based on 559 gene clusters, SeMPI v2 achieved comparable or better results than antiSMASH v5. Additionally, the SeMPI v2 web server provides features that can help to further investigate a submitted gene cluster, such as the incorporation of a genome browser, and the possibility to modify a predicted scaffold in a workbench before the database screening. more...
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- 2020
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37. High Precision 5 MeV Mott Polarimeter
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Grames, J. M., primary, Sinclair, C. K., additional, Poelker, M., additional, Roca-Maza, X., additional, Stutzman, M. L., additional, Suleiman, R., additional, Mamun, Md. A., additional, Mchugh, M. J., additional, Hansknecht, J., additional, Moffit, B., additional, and Gay, T. J., additional more...
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- 2022
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38. The National Mineral Reference Collection (NMC) digital spectral (VIS-NIR-SWIR) library, part II: REE-Nb-U-Th-bearing minerals
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Percival, J B, primary, Abraham, A C, additional, Laudadio, A B, additional, and Sinclair, C D, additional
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- 2019
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39. Perfectionism and prospective near-term suicidal thoughts and behaviors: The mediation of fear of humiliation and Suicide Crisis Syndrome
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Pia, T, Galynker, I, Schuck, A, Sinclair, C, Ying, G, Calati, R, Pia T., Galynker I., Schuck A., Sinclair C., Ying G., Calati R., Pia, T, Galynker, I, Schuck, A, Sinclair, C, Ying, G, Calati, R, Pia T., Galynker I., Schuck A., Sinclair C., Ying G., and Calati R. more...
- Abstract
Background: Perfectionism has been linked to suicide. According to the Narrative-Crisis Model of suicide, individuals with trait vulnerabilities are prone to develop a certain mindset, known as a Suicidal Narrative, which may precipitate the Suicide Crisis Syndrome (SCS), culminating in suicide. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between perfectionism (trait vulnerability), fear of humiliation (component of the Suicidal Narrative), SCS, and prospective near-term suicidal thoughts and behaviors (STB). Methods: Adult psychiatric outpatient participants (N = 336) were assessed at baseline with the Suicidal Narrative Inventory for perfectionism and fear of humiliation. The questions used to assess perfectionism were adapted from the Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale. The severity of the SCS was calculated using the Suicide Crisis Inventory. STB were assessed at baseline and after one month using the Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale. Serial mediation analyses were conducted using PROCESS version 3.3 in SPSS. Results: While the direct effect of perfectionism on prospective STB was not significant (b = 0.01, p = 0.19), the indirect effect of perfectionism on STB, through serial mediation by fear of humiliation and the SCS, was significant (indirect effect p = 0.007, 95% CI [0.003,0.013]). The indirect effect was not significant for models that did not include both mediators. Limitations: Variables were assessed at one time only. Conclusion: Perfectionism did not directly modulate STB. Perfectionism may be related to suicidal behavior through fear of humiliation, leading to the SCS. These results support the Narrative-Crisis Model of suicide and clarify the role of perfectionism in the etiology of suicide. more...
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- 2020
40. Der Chemostat mit Recycling
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Sinclair, C. G., Kristiansen, B., Bu’Lock, J. D., Sinclair, C. G., Kristiansen, B., and Bu’Lock, J. D., editor
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- 1993
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41. Diskontinuierliche Kultur
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Sinclair, C. G., Kristiansen, B., Bu’Lock, J. D., Sinclair, C. G., Kristiansen, B., and Bu’Lock, J. D., editor
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- 1993
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42. Kontinuierliche Kultur
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Sinclair, C. G., Kristiansen, B., Bu’Lock, J. D., Sinclair, C. G., Kristiansen, B., and Bu’Lock, J. D., editor
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- 1993
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43. Massenbilanzen
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Sinclair, C. G., Kristiansen, B., Bu’Lock, J. D., Sinclair, C. G., Kristiansen, B., and Bu’Lock, J. D., editor
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- 1993
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44. Zulauf-Prozesse (variables Volumen)
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Sinclair, C. G., Kristiansen, B., Bu’Lock, J. D., Sinclair, C. G., Kristiansen, B., and Bu’Lock, J. D., editor
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- 1993
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45. Sauerstoff Transport
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Sinclair, C. G., Kristiansen, B., Bu’Lock, J. D., Sinclair, C. G., Kristiansen, B., and Bu’Lock, J. D., editor
- Published
- 1993
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46. Gleichungen für die Reaktionskinetik
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Sinclair, C. G., Kristiansen, B., Bu’Lock, J. D., Sinclair, C. G., Kristiansen, B., and Bu’Lock, J. D., editor
- Published
- 1993
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47. Mathematische Modelle
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Sinclair, C. G., Kristiansen, B., Bu’Lock, J. D., Sinclair, C. G., Kristiansen, B., and Bu’Lock, J. D., editor
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- 1993
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48. Anakinra for palmoplantar pustulosis: results from a randomized, double-blind, multicentre, two-staged, adaptive placebo-controlled trial (APRICOT)
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Cro, S., Cornelius, V.R., Pink, A.E., Wilson, R., Pushpa‐Rajah, A., Patel, P., Abdul‐Wahab, A., August, S., Azad, J., Becher, G., Chapman, A., Dunnil, G., Ferguson, A.D., Fogo, A., Ghaffar, S.A., Ingram, J.R., Kavakleiva, S., Ladoyanni, E., Leman, J.A., Macbeth, A.E., Makrygeoegou, A., Parslew, R., Ryan, A.J., Sharma, A., Shipman, A.R., Sinclair, C., Wachsmuth, R., Woolf, R.T., Wright, A., McAteer, H., Barker, J.N.W.N., Burden, A.D., Griffiths, C.E.M., Reynolds, N.J., Warren, R.B., Lachmann, H.J., Capon, F., Smith, C.H., and APRICOT Study Group more...
- Abstract
Background:\ud Palmoplantar pustulosis (PPP) is a rare, debilitating, chronic inflammatory skin disease that affects the hands and feet. Clinical, immunological and genetic findings suggest a pathogenic role for interleukin (IL)-1.\ud \ud Objectives:\ud To determine whether anakinra (an IL-1 receptor antagonist) delivers therapeutic benefit in PPP.\ud \ud Methods:\ud This was a randomized (1 : 1), double-blind, two-staged, adaptive, UK multicentre, placebo-controlled trial [ISCRTN13127147 (registered 1 August 2016); EudraCT number: 2015-003600-23 (registered 1 April 2016)]. Participants had a diagnosis of PPP (> 6 months) requiring systemic therapy. Treatment was 8 weeks of anakinra or placebo via daily, self-administered subcutaneous injections. Primary outcome was the Palmoplantar Pustulosis Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PPPASI) at 8 weeks.\ud \ud Results:\ud A total of 374 patients were screened; 64 were enrolled (31 in the anakinra arm and 33 in the placebo arm) with a mean (SD) baseline PPPASI of 17·8 (10·5) and a PPP investigator’s global assessment of severe (50%) or moderate (50%). The baseline adjusted mean difference in PPPASI favoured anakinra but did not demonstrate superiority in the intention-to-treat analysis [–1·65, 95% confidence interval (CI) –4·77 to 1·47; P = 0·30]. Similarly, secondary objective measures, including fresh pustule count (2·94, 95% CI –26·44 to 32·33; favouring anakinra), total pustule count (–30·08, 95% CI –83·20 to 23·05; favouring placebo) and patient-reported outcomes, did not show superiority of anakinra. When modelling the impact of adherence, the PPPASI complier average causal effect for an individual who received ≥ 90% of the total treatment (48% in the anakinra group) was –3·80 (95% CI –10·76 to 3·16; P = 0·285). No serious adverse events occurred.\ud \ud Conclusions:\ud No evidence for the superiority of anakinra was found. IL-1 blockade is not a useful intervention for the treatment of PPP. more...
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- 2022
49. The sarcopenia and physical frailty in older people: multi-component treatment strategies (SPRINTT) project: description and feasibility of a nutrition intervention in community-dwelling older Europeans
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Jyvakorpi S. K., Ramel A., Strandberg T. E., Piotrowicz K., Blaszczyk-Bebenek E., Urtamo A., Rempe H. M., Geirsdottir O., Vagnerova T., Billot M., Larreur A., Savera G., Soriano G., Picauron C., Tagliaferri S., Sanchez-Puelles C., Cadenas V. S., Perl A., Tirrel L., Ohman H., Weling-Scheepers C., Ambrosi S., Costantini A., Pavelkova K., Klimkova M., Freiberger E., Jonsson P. V., Marzetti E., Pitkala K. H., Landi F., Calvani R., Bernabei R., Boni C., Brandi V., Broccatelli M., Celesti C., Cicchetti A., Collamati A., Coretti S., D'Angelo E., D'Elia M., Landi G., Lorenzi M., Mariotti L., Martone A. M., Ortolani E., Pafundi T., Picca A., Ruggeri M., Salini S., Tosato M., Vetrano D. L., Lattanzio F., Baldoni R., Bernabei S., Bonfigli A. R., Bustacchini S., Carrieri B., Cassetta L., Cherubini A., Cucchi M., Cucchieri G., Costantini A. R., Dell'Aquila G., Espinosa E., Fedecostante M., Fraternali R., Galeazzi R., Mengarelli A., Piomboni S., Posacki E., Severini E., Tregambe T., Trotta F., Maggio M., Lauretani F., Butto V., Fisichella A., Guareschi C., Longobucco Y., Di Bari M., Rodriguez-Manas L., Alamo S., Bouzon C. A., Gonzales Turin J., Zafra O. L. L., Picazo A. L., Sepulveda L. P., SanchezSanchez J. L., Puelles C. S., Aragones M. V., CruzJentoft A. J., Santos J. A., Alvarez-Nebreda L., JimenezJimenez N. F., Nozal J. M. -D., Montero-Errasquin B., Moreno B. P. B. P., Roldan-Plaza C., Vicente A. R. -D., Sanchez-Cadenas V., Sanchez-Castellano C., Sanchez-Garcia E., Vaquero-Pinto M. N., Topinkova E., Bautzka L., Blechova K., Gueye T., Juklickova I., Klbikova T., Krenkova J. J., Madlova P., Mejstrikova H., Melcova R., Michalkova H., Ryznarova I., Drastichova I., Hasalikova E., Hucko R., Jakub S., Janacova M., Kilmkova M., Parizkova M., Redrova M., Ruskova P. P., Sieber C. C., Auerswald T., Engel C., Franke A., Freibergen E., Freiheit U., Gotthardt S., Kampe K., Kob R., Kokott C., Kraska C., Meyer C., Reith V., Rempe H., Schoene D., Sieber G., Zielinski K., Anker S. D., Ebner N., Grutz R., von Haehling S., Schols A. M. W. J., Gosker H., Huysmans S., Quaaden S., Schols J. M., Smeets N., Stevens P., van de Bool C., Weling C., Strandberg T., Jyvakorpi S., Hallikas K., Herranen M., Huusko T., Hytonen L., Ikonen K., Karppi-Sjoblom A., Karvinen K., Kayhty M., Kindsted T., Landstrom E., Leirimaa S., Pitkala K., Punkka A., Saavalainen A. -M., Salo T., Sepa M., Sohlberg K., Vaatamoinen E., Venalainen S., Vanhanen H., Vellas B., Van Kan G. A., Biville V., Brigitte L., Cervera C., Cesari M., Champarnaud M., Cluzan C., Croizet M., Dardenne S., Dorard M., Dupuy C., Durand E., Faisant C., Fougere B., Girard P., Guyonnet S., Hoogendijk E., Mauroux R., Milhet A., Montel S., Ousset P. -J., Teguo M. T., Teysseyre B., Andrieu S., Blasimme A., Dray C., Rial-Sebbag E., Valet P., Dantoine T., Cardinaud N., Castelli M., Charenton-Blavignac M., Ciccolari-Micaldi C., Gayot C., Laubarie-Mouriet C., Marchesseau D., Mergans T., Nguyen T. B., Papon A., Ribet J., Saulinier I., Tchalla A., Rapp T., Sirven N., Skalska A., Blaszcyk E., Cwynar M., Czesak J., Fatyga P., Fedyk-Lukasik M., Grodzicki T., Jamrozik P., Janusz Z., Klimek E., Komoniewska S., Kret M., Ozog M., Parnicka A., Petitjean K., Pietrzyk A., Skalska-Dulinska B., Starzyk D., Szczerbinska K., Witkiewicz B., Wlodarczyk A., Sinclair A., Harris S., Ogborne A., Ritchie S., Sinclair C., Sinclair H., Bellary S., Worthington H., Derejczyk J., Roller-Wirnsberger R., Jonsson P., Bordes P., Arnaud S., Asbrand C., Bejuit R., Durand S., Flechsenhar K., Joly F., Lain R. L., Moncharmont M., Msihid J., Ndja A., Riche B., Weber A. C., Yuan J., Roubenoff R., Kortebein P., Miller R. R., Gorostiaga C., Belissa-Mathiot P., Hu H., Laigle L., Melchor I. M., Russel A., Bennecky M., Haws T., Joshi A., Philpott K., Walker A., Zia G., Giorgi S. D., Feletti L., Marchioro E., Mocci F., Varesio M. G., Cesario A., Cabin B., de Boer W. P., Ignaszewski C., Klingmann I., Vollenbroek-Hutten M., Hermens T., Jansen-Kosterink S., Tabak M., Blandin P., Coutard L., Lenzotti A. -M., Mokhtari H., Rodon N., RS: MHeNs - R1 - Cognitive Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience, RS: CAPHRI - R1 - Ageing and Long-Term Care, Health Services Research, Handicap, Activité, Vieillissement, Autonomie, Environnement (HAVAE), Institut Génomique, Environnement, Immunité, Santé, Thérapeutique (GEIST), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM), Clinicum, Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki, HUS Internal Medicine and Rehabilitation, Timo Strandberg / Principal Investigator, Department of Medicine, Helsinki University Hospital Area, Teachers' Academy, Jyvakorpi S.K., Ramel A., Strandberg T.E., Piotrowicz K., Blaszczyk-Bebenek E., Urtamo A., Rempe H.M., Geirsdottir O., Vagnerova T., Billot M., Larreur A., Savera G., Soriano G., Picauron C., Tagliaferri S., Sanchez-Puelles C., Cadenas V.S., Perl A., Tirrel L., Ohman H., Weling-Scheepers C., Ambrosi S., Costantini A., Pavelkova K., Klimkova M., Freiberger E., Jonsson P.V., Marzetti E., Pitkala K.H., Landi F., Calvani R., Bernabei R., Boni C., Brandi V., Broccatelli M., Celesti C., Cicchetti A., Collamati A., Coretti S., D'Angelo E., D'Elia M., Landi G., Lorenzi M., Mariotti L., Martone A.M., Ortolani E., Pafundi T., Picca A., Ruggeri M., Salini S., Tosato M., Vetrano D.L., Lattanzio F., Baldoni R., Bernabei S., Bonfigli A.R., Bustacchini S., Carrieri B., Cassetta L., Cherubini A., Cucchi M., Cucchieri G., Costantini A.R., Dell'Aquila G., Espinosa E., Fedecostante M., Fraternali R., Galeazzi R., Mengarelli A., Piomboni S., Posacki E., Severini E., Tregambe T., Trotta F., Maggio M., Lauretani F., Butto V., Fisichella A., Guareschi C., Longobucco Y., Di Bari M., Rodriguez-Manas L., Alamo S., Bouzon C.A., Gonzales Turin J., Zafra O.L.L., Picazo A.L., Sepulveda L.P., SanchezSanchez J.L., Puelles C.S., Aragones M.V., CruzJentoft A.J., Santos J.A., Alvarez-Nebreda L., JimenezJimenez N.F., Nozal J.M.-D., Montero-Errasquin B., Moreno B.P.B.P., Roldan-Plaza C., Vicente A.R.-D., Sanchez-Cadenas V., Sanchez-Castellano C., Sanchez-Garcia E., Vaquero-Pinto M.N., Topinkova E., Bautzka L., Blechova K., Gueye T., Juklickova I., Klbikova T., Krenkova J.J., Madlova P., Mejstrikova H., Melcova R., Michalkova H., Ryznarova I., Drastichova I., Hasalikova E., Hucko R., Jakub S., Janacova M., Kilmkova M., Parizkova M., Redrova M., Ruskova P.P., Sieber C.C., Auerswald T., Engel C., Franke A., Freibergen E., Freiheit U., Gotthardt S., Kampe K., Kob R., Kokott C., Kraska C., Meyer C., Reith V., Rempe H., Schoene D., Sieber G., Zielinski K., Anker S.D., Ebner N., Grutz R., von Haehling S., Schols A.M.W.J., Gosker H., Huysmans S., Quaaden S., Schols J.M., Smeets N., Stevens P., van de Bool C., Weling C., Strandberg T., Jyvakorpi S., Hallikas K., Herranen M., Huusko T., Hytonen L., Ikonen K., Karppi-Sjoblom A., Karvinen K., Kayhty M., Kindsted T., Landstrom E., Leirimaa S., Pitkala K., Punkka A., Saavalainen A.-M., Salo T., Sepa M., Sohlberg K., Vaatamoinen E., Venalainen S., Vanhanen H., Vellas B., Van Kan G.A., Biville V., Brigitte L., Cervera C., Cesari M., Champarnaud M., Cluzan C., Croizet M., Dardenne S., Dorard M., Dupuy C., Durand E., Faisant C., Fougere B., Girard P., Guyonnet S., Hoogendijk E., Mauroux R., Milhet A., Montel S., Ousset P.-J., Teguo M.T., Teysseyre B., Andrieu S., Blasimme A., Dray C., Rial-Sebbag E., Valet P., Dantoine T., Cardinaud N., Castelli M., Charenton-Blavignac M., Ciccolari-Micaldi C., Gayot C., Laubarie-Mouriet C., Marchesseau D., Mergans T., Nguyen T.B., Papon A., Ribet J., Saulinier I., Tchalla A., Rapp T., Sirven N., Skalska A., Blaszcyk E., Cwynar M., Czesak J., Fatyga P., Fedyk-Lukasik M., Grodzicki T., Jamrozik P., Janusz Z., Klimek E., Komoniewska S., Kret M., Ozog M., Parnicka A., Petitjean K., Pietrzyk A., Skalska-Dulinska B., Starzyk D., Szczerbinska K., Witkiewicz B., Wlodarczyk A., Sinclair A., Harris S., Ogborne A., Ritchie S., Sinclair C., Sinclair H., Bellary S., Worthington H., Derejczyk J., Roller-Wirnsberger R., Jonsson P., Bordes P., Arnaud S., Asbrand C., Bejuit R., Durand S., Flechsenhar K., Joly F., Lain R.L., Moncharmont M., Msihid J., Ndja A., Riche B., Weber A.C., Yuan J., Roubenoff R., Kortebein P., Miller R.R., Gorostiaga C., Belissa-Mathiot P., Hu H., Laigle L., Melchor I.M., Russel A., Bennecky M., Haws T., Joshi A., Philpott K., Walker A., Zia G., Giorgi S.D., Feletti L., Marchioro E., Mocci F., Varesio M.G., Cesario A., Cabin B., de Boer W.P., Ignaszewski C., Klingmann I., Vollenbroek-Hutten M., Hermens T., Jansen-Kosterink S., Tabak M., Blandin P., Coutard L., Lenzotti A.-M., Mokhtari H., Rodon N., Epidemiology and Data Science, APH - Aging & Later Life, and APH - Quality of Care more...
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Gerontology ,Sarcopenia ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,Population ,PROTEIN ,RECOMMENDATIONS ,law.invention ,SUPPLEMENTATION ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Randomized controlled trial ,law ,Intervention (counseling) ,Cultural diversity ,medicine ,Nutrition counselling ,Nutrition intervention ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Medical prescription ,education ,Exercise ,Aged ,2. Zero hunger ,education.field_of_study ,030109 nutrition & dietetics ,Frailty ,business.industry ,Settore MED/09 - MEDICINA INTERNA ,ADULTS ,medicine.disease ,mobility ,3. Good health ,Feasibility Studie ,Malnutrition ,SPRINTT ,resistance exercise ,muscle mass ,Protein intake ,3121 General medicine, internal medicine and other clinical medicine ,Feasibility Studies ,Energy intake ,Independent Living ,business ,Nutrition counseling ,Research Paper ,Human - Abstract
Aim To describe the methods and feasibility of the nutritional intervention carried out within the SPRINTT Randomized cotrolled trial. We also illustrate how nutrition interventionists identified participants at risk of malnutrition and the lessons learnt from the nutrition intervention. Findings SPRINTT nutrition intervention was well-received by the majority of the participants. It was mainly carried out using tailored nutrition counselling, but also other means of delivering the intervention were successfully used. Compared with a standard nutrition prescription, an individualized protocol to diagnose malnutrition and follow-up by tailored nutrition counselling helped achieve nutritional targets more effectively in spite of diversity of population in nutritional habits and in some cases reluctance to accept changes. Message The SPRINTT nutrition intervention was feasible and allowed flexibility to the varying needs and cultural differences of this heterogeneous population of frail, older Europeans. It may serve as a model to educate and improve nutrition among community-dwelling older people at risk of mobility limitations. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s41999-020-00438-4., Background The “Sarcopenia and Physical Frailty in Older People: Multicomponent Treatment Strategies” (SPRINTT) project sponsored a multi-center randomized controlled trial (RCT) with the objective to determine the effect of physical activity and nutrition intervention for prevention of mobility disability in community-dwelling frail older Europeans. We describe here the design and feasibility of the SPRINTT nutrition intervention, including techniques used by nutrition interventionists to identify those at risk of malnutrition and to carry out the nutrition intervention. Methods SPRINTT RCT recruited older adults (≥ 70 years) from 11 European countries. Eligible participants (n = 1517) had functional limitations measured with Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB score 3–9) and low muscle mass as determined by DXA scans, but were able to walk 400 m without assistance within 15 min. Participants were followed up for up to 3 years. The nutrition intervention was carried out mainly by individual nutrition counseling. Nutrition goals included achieving a daily protein intake of 1.0–1.2 g/kg body weight, energy intake of 25–30 kcal/kg of body weight/day, and serum vitamin D concentration ≥ 75 mmol/L. Survey on the method strategies and feasibility of the nutrition intervention was sent to all nutrition interventionists of the 16 SPRINTT study sites. Results Nutrition interventionists from all study sites responded to the survey. All responders found that the SPRINTT nutrition intervention was feasible for the target population, and it was well received by the majority. The identification of participants at nutritional risk was accomplished by combining information from interviews, questionnaires, clinical and laboratory data. Although the nutrition intervention was mainly carried out using individual nutritional counselling, other assisting methods were used as appropriate. Conclusion The SPRINTT nutrition intervention was feasible and able to adapt flexibly to varying needs of this heterogeneous population. The procedures adopted to identify older adults at risk of malnutrition and to design the appropriate intervention may serve as a model to deliver nutrition intervention for community-dwelling older people with mobility limitations. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s41999-020-00438-4. more...
- Published
- 2021
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50. Risks and benefits of sun exposure - implications for public health practice based on the Australian experience
- Author
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Sinclair, C
- Published
- 2006
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