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Copyright of European Poultry Science / Archiv für Geflügelkunde is the property of Verlag Eugen Ulmer and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

OBJECTIVE: The most important complication of epilepsy, which is a chronic disorder of the central nervous system, is sudden unexplained death in epilepsy (SUDEP). The causes of SUDEP are complex and multifactorial. Epilepsy patients are at increased risk of cardiovascular events, SUDEP, and ventricular arrhythmias, due to both the disease itself and the effect of antiseizure medications. Previous studies have commonly focused on cardiac repolarization markers in epilepsy patients. This study aimed to investigate frontal QRS-T angle (FTQ angle), a relatively new repolarization parameter, in epilepsy patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS: One hundred two epilepsy patients and 86 healthy volunteers as a control group were included in the study. The clinical data of all patients were prospectively recorded during patient visits. All participants underwent 12-lead surface electrocardiography (ECG). SPSS 22 was used to evaluate all data. p<0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS: When the epilepsy patient group and the control group were compared in terms of QRS (89.59±43.63 vs. 80.00±9.82, p=0.050), QT (364.30±36.16 vs. 335.95±35.64, p<0.001), QTc (418.85±27.06 vs. 409.37±26.66, p=0.018) durations, and FTQ angle (46.55±22.06 vs. 20.84±12.70, p<0.001), statistically significant differences were found between the groups. We observed that FTQ angle was significantly higher in individuals exposed to the disease for more than 10 years (39.2±19.0 vs. 54.7±22.5, p<0.001). In addition, according to the multivariate logistic regression analysis, disease duration was an independent predictor of FTQ angle (ß=0.263, p=0.009). CONCLUSIONS: FTQ angle, a relatively new repolarization parameter, can be used as an inexpensive, easy, reproducible, and reliable ECG marker to predict the risk of adverse cardiac events in epilepsy patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: This study was conducted to examine the development of the embryo during incubation and the composition, amount and consumption of the egg nutrients among Chukars (Alectoris chukar). Methods: A total of 1210 eggs were carefully separated into their components (albumen, yolk, shell, amniotic-allantoic fluid and embryo) on day 0 (fresh), in the first (day 7), second (day 14) and third (day 21) weeks of incubation and on the hatching date. The moisture, crude protein, crude fat, carbohydrate, crude ash and energy level were determined in egg components. Result: The albumen, yolk, shell, fluid and embryo rates were calculated to be 53.62, 34.84, 11.53, 0.0 and 0.0% in fresh egg, 16.74, 33.49, 16.22, 31.76 and 2.06% in the first week of incubation, 15.65, 28.32, 15.58, 23.35 and 17.10% in the second week of incubation and 0.0, 23.33, 19.38, 0.0 and 57.29% in the third week of incubation, respectively. The hatching weight of the chick was 16.16 g. The nutrients of the yolk, albumen, fluid and shell proportionally varied significantly in different periods of incubation. According to the nutrient changes calculated based on the weight differences of egg components, carbohydrates were mostly used for nutrients during incubation. It was found that even though the nutrients in all the egg components were used in the different periods of incubation, egg yolk was an important source for the embryo throughout the incubation period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study evaluated effects of photoperiod treatments on slaughter and carcass traits, meat quality, indicators of oxidative stress, and heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) levels of lung and heart tissues in broilers. Five hundred Ross 308 broiler chicks were used. The treatments consisted of 23 hours of continuous light and one hour of darkness (23L1D), four hours of light followed by two hours of darkness (4L2D), eight hours of light and four hours of darkness (8L4D), and 16 hours of light and eight hours of darkness (16L8D). After 42 days, two birds from each replicate were slaughtered. Birds that had been subjected to 16L8D had lower slaughter, carcass, and breast weights than the other treatments. Significant correlations were observed for slaughter, carcass and breast weights and white stripe. At 10 min post mortem, the pH of the breast was the highest in 23L1D. Breasts from birds subjected to 23L1D and 16L8D had most fat and least protein, while white striping was not different among treatments. The 4L2D treatment resulted in the highest lung glutathione (GSH) concentration. Malondialdehyde (MDA) and GSH concentrations in the heart tissues of broilers from 8L4D and 4L2D were greater than those from 23L1D and 16:8. Glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx) and superoxide dismutase concentrations were greatest for birds subjected to 16L8D. Heat shock protein 70 was lowest in lung and heart from birds subjected to 8L4D. Thus, shorter and more frequent periods of darkness can be recommended for welfare with little compromise in performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses a study that examines the effect of orange peel essential oil (OEO) dietary supplementation on compensatory growth parameters of short-term fasted and thermal conditioned quail chicks at an early age. Highlights include ingredients and chemical composition of standard diet, the concentration of the volatile components of OEO, and change in breast and thigh percentage as a result of OEO supplementation.

The article discusses a study on the effect of dietary antibiotic avilamycin and Thymus vulgaris oil in broilers in Turkey. It attributes lower feed intake of thyme 400 parts per million (ppm) group to the high concentrate level of thyme oil in diets. Results show an improved daily live weight gain and feed conversion ratio in thyme 200 ppm group than in the control group. Also suggested is the replacement of antibiotics with 200 ppm dietary supplementation of thyme oil as natural growth promoter.

Background: The available evidence on the impact of altitude training on sports performance is inconclusive. Heart rate variability (HRV) and heart rate recovery (HRR) are among the most frequently used parameters in athletic performance analysis and monitoring. Our study aims to investigate the effect of high altitude training on HRR and HRV, which are reliable predictors of athletic performance., Methods: Elite national swimmers were included in the study. Time domain and frequency domain analyzes were performed with the Polar Verity Sense device and Kubios HRV software. HRR were measured at one-minute intervals for the first 15 minutes after peak heart rate, and then recorded at the 20 th , 25 th and 30 th minutes., Results: A significant difference is observed from the beginning to the 11 th minute. The P value at 1, 3, 5, 7 and 11 minutes is 0.001, 0.023, 0.032, 0.019 and 0.020, respectively. Similarly, a significant change was observed in delta HRR. Among the HRV parameters, RMSSD, SDNN, Poincaré SD1 and PNS are statistically significant. P values are 0.004, 0.018, 0.024 and 0.013 respectively., Conclusions: High altitude training program has a positive effect on HRV and CRV in elite swimmers. This condition is associated with increased cardiac parasympathetic activity. Time domain analyses have proven to be more beneficial for HRV. HRR and HRV are effective, reliable and inexpensive methods of performance monitoring of elite athletes.

Background: There are various changes in cardiac physiology in athletes compared to the normal population. These physiological changes may differ according to the exercise content. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of different exercise methods on the heart., Methods: A total of 122 male athletes from various sports were evaluated. Depending on the sorts of sports, these participants were split into aerobic, mixed, and resistance groups. Each athlete had to meet the inclusion criteria of having participated in the present sport for at least a year and having trained for at least 600 minutes per week over the previous three months. Transthoracic echocardiography was used to investigate the effects of different exercise types., Results: The aerobic group's heart rate and ejection fraction were found to be lower than those of the resistance and mixed groups (F(2.105)=23.487, P=0.001). The end-diastolic thicknesses of the interventricular septum (8.7 SD 0.8 vs. 10.0 SD 0.7), interventricular septum (11.3 SD 0.9 vs. 13.0 SD 0.9), left ventricular posterior wall (8.6 SD 0.7 vs. 9.9 SD 0.8), and interventricular septum (11.1 SD 0.9 vs. 13.3 SD 0.9) were all found to be lower in the aerobic group than in the resistance group (P=0.0001). The effect of resistance exercise on heart rate was not observed as clearly as other groups., Conclusions: Resistance exercise has a more dominant effect on ventricular thickness than aerobic exercise. In mixed exercise groups, this increase in thickness is similar to resistance exercise. The content of the training should be considered in the evaluation of the athlete's heart. Identifying the subgroups of the athlete's heart will be useful in the differentiation of pathologies and also in the follow-up of the athletes.

Aim: Congenital undescended scapula (Sprengel deformity) is a rare deformity that is reported in the literature mostly as small case series with short- or medium-term follow-up periods. Here, we aimed to present the long-term results of this deformity treated with modified Green procedure., Method: The modified Green procedure was performed in 24 patients (28 shoulders) with Sprengel deformity. Clavicular osteotomy accompanied in all, and omovertebral bone excision in 13 shoulders. The mean age of the patients at the time of surgery was 4.5 years (range 1.5-17 years). Mean follow-up period was 11 years 4 months (4.3-17 years). Preoperative cosmetic appearance was noted as Cavendish III in 17 shoulders and as IV in 11 shoulders. In addition to the Cavendish scale, shoulder abduction, shoulder asymmetry, and scapular elevation and medialization were evaluated., Results: The decrease in scapular elevation and Cavendish scale, and the improvement in shoulder abduction and scapular medialization postoperatively were statistically significant (P < 0.001). Cosmetic improvement of at least one Cavendish grade were attained in 88.9% of shoulders. One patient (unilateral) who was Cavendish grade IV preoperatively died in the early postoperative period from unrelated causes. Of the remaining 10 preoperatively grade IV shoulders, 2 remained at the same grade, 1 improved to grade III, and 7 shoulders to grade I. Of the 17 preoperatively grade III shoulders, 1 shoulder stayed the at same grade, 7 shoulders improved to II, and 9 shoulders to grade I. Postoperative winging in 2 shoulders and hypertrophic scarring in 6 shoulders were noted., Conclusion: The modified Green procedure is a relatively safe and reliable method in the treatment of severe Sprengel deformity cases and provides highly constructive and aesthetic results in the long term.