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2. Predictors of later COVID-19 test seeking

Author

Ga’al, Amal, primary, Kapsack, Abby, additional, Mahmud, Abdalla, additional, Estrada-Codecido, Jose, additional, Lam, Philip, additional, Chan, Adrienne, additional, Andany, Nisha, additional, Simor, Andrew, additional, Kiss, Alex, additional, and Daneman, Nick, additional

Published
2024
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3. Emergence of pstS-Null Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus faecium Clone ST1478, Canada, 2013-2018

Author

McCracken, Melissa, Mitchell, Robyn, Smith, Stephanie, Hota, Susy, Conly, John, Du, Tim, Embil, John, Johnston, Lynn, Ormiston, Debbie, Parsonage, Jennifer, Simor, Andrew, Wong, Alice, and Golding, George

Subjects
Health care costs -- Analysis -- Health aspects, Cloning -- Analysis -- Health aspects, Antibiotics -- Analysis -- Health aspects, Vancomycin -- Health aspects -- Analysis, Microbial drug resistance -- Analysis -- Health aspects, Infection -- Analysis -- Health aspects, Methicillin -- Health aspects -- Analysis, Health
Abstract

Vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) are major nosocomial pathogens that have been observed worldwide (2,2). VRE were identified in Canada in 1993 (3), but rates of colonization and infection have remained relatively [...]

Published
2020
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7. Dissemination of Verona Integron-encoded Metallo-β-lactamase among clinical and environmental Enterobacteriaceae isolates in Ontario, Canada

Author

Kohler, Philipp, Tijet, Nathalie, Kim, Hyunjin C., Johnstone, Jennie, Edge, Tom, Patel, Samir N., Seah, Christine, Willey, Barbara, Coleman, Brenda, Green, Karen, Armstrong, Irene, Katz, Kevin, Muller, Matthew P., Powis, Jeff, Poutanen, Susan M., Richardson, David, Sarabia, Alicia, Simor, Andrew, McGeer, Allison, and Melano, Roberto G.

Published
2020
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8. Measuring waning protection from seasonal influenza vaccination during nine influenza seasons, Ontario, Canada, 2010/11 to 2018/19.

Author

Hannah Chung, Campitelli, Michael A., Buchan, Sarah A., Campigotto, Aaron, Crowcroft, Natasha S., Gubbay, Jonathan B., Jung, James K. H., Karnauchow, Timothy, Katz, Kevin, McGeer, Allison J., McNally, J. Dayre, Richardson, David C., Richardson, Susan E., Rosella, Laura C., Russell, Margaret L., Schwartz, Kevin L., Simor, Andrew, Smieja, Marek, Sundaram, Maria E., and Warshawsky, Bryna F.

Published
2024
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9. Trends in health care-associated infections in acute care hospitals in Canada: an analysis of repeated point-prevalence surveys

Author

Mitchell, Robyn, Taylor, Geoffrey, Rudnick, Wallis, Alexandre, Stephanie, Bush, Kathryn, Forrester, Leslie, Frenette, Charles, Granfield, Bonny, Gravel-Tropper, Denise, Happe, Jennifer, John, Michael, Lavallee, Christian, McGeer, Allison, Mertz, Dominik, Pelude, Linda, Science, Michelle, Simor, Andrew, Smith, Stephanie, Suh, Kathryn N., Vayalumkal, Joseph, Wong, Alice, and Amaratunga, Kanchana

Subjects
United States. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention -- Surveys, Mortality -- Ontario -- Alberta -- Canada -- Surveys, Staphylococcus aureus infections -- Surveys -- Health aspects, Prevalence studies (Epidemiology) -- Surveys -- Health aspects, Urinary tract infections -- Surveys -- Health aspects, Microbial drug resistance -- Surveys -- Health aspects, Pneumonia -- Surveys -- Health aspects, Methicillin -- Surveys -- Health aspects, Morbidity, Staphylococcal infections, Medical equipment, Infection, Health
Abstract

BACKGROUND: Health care-associated infections are a common cause of patient morbidity and mortality. We sought to describe the trends in these infections in acute care hospitals, using data from 3 national point-prevalence surveys. METHODS: The Canadian Nosocomial Infection Surveillance Program (CNISP) conducted descriptive point-prevalence surveys to assess the burden of health care-associated infections on a single day in February of 2002, 2009 and 2017. Surveyed infections included urinary tract infection, pneumonia, Clostridioides difficile infection, infection at surgical sites and bloodstream infections. We compared the prevalence of infection across the survey years and considered the contribution of antimicrobial-resistant organisms as a cause of these infections. RESULTS: We surveyed 28 of 33 (response rate 84.8%) CNISP hospitals (6747 patients) in 2002, 39 of 55 (response rate 71.0%) hospitals (8902 patients) in 2009 and 47 of 66 (response rate 71.2%) hospitals (9929 patients) in 2017. The prevalence of patients with at least 1 health care-associated infection increased from 9.9% in 2002 (95% confidence interval [CI] 8.4%-11.5%) to 11.3% in 2009 (95% CI 9.4%-13.5%), and then declined to 7.9% in 2017 (95% CI 6.8% 9.0%). In 2017, device-associated infections accounted for 35.6% of all health care-associated infections. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) accounted for 3.9% of all organisms identified from 2002 to 2017; other antibiotic-resistant organisms were uncommon causes of infection for all survey years. INTERPRETATION: In CNISP hospitals, there was a decline in the prevalence of health care-associated infection in 2017 compared with previous surveys. However, strategies to prevent infections associated with medical devices should be developed. Apart from MRSA, few infections were caused by antibiotic-resistant organisms., Health care-associated infections represent substantial burden on health care systems in highly developed countries, including Canada. (1-3) In 2002, health care-associated infection developed in an estimated 5% of patients admitted [...]

Published
2019
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10. Emergence of Carbapenemase-Producing Enterobacteriaceae, South-Central Ontario, Canada

Author

Kohler, Philipp P., Melano, Roberto G., Patel, Samir N., Shafinaz, Shumona, Faheem, Amna, Coleman, Brenda L., Green, Karen, Armstrong, Irene, Almohri, Huda, Borgia, Sergio, Borgundvaag, Emily, Johnstone, Jennie, Katz, Kevin, Lam, Freda, Muller, Matthew P., Powis, Jeff, Poutanen, Susan M., Richardson, David, Rebbapragada, Anu, Sarabia, Alicia, Simor, Andrew, and McGeer, Allison

Subjects
Hospitals -- Ontario -- Canada -- Spain -- India -- Analysis -- Health aspects, Bacterial infections -- Analysis -- Health aspects, Travel -- Ontario -- Canada -- Spain -- India -- Analysis -- Health aspects, Hospital patients -- Analysis -- Health aspects, Medical records -- Analysis -- Health aspects, Travelers -- Analysis -- Health aspects, Beta lactamases -- Analysis -- Health aspects, Pneumonia -- Analysis -- Health aspects, Health
Abstract

The global emergence of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) poses a threat to the achievements of modern medicine. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the World Health Organization have recently [...]

Published
2018
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12. Characteristics and Outcomes of Young Children Hospitalized with Laboratory-Confirmed Influenza or Respiratory Syncytial Virus in Ontario, Canada, 2009-2014

Author

Buchan, Sarah A., Chung, Hannah, Karnauchow, Timothy, McNally, J. Dayre, Campitelli, Michael A., Gubbay, Jonathan B., Katz, Kevin, McGeer, Allison J., Richardson, David C., Richardson, Susan E., Simor, Andrew, Smieja, Marek, Zahariadis, George, Tran, Dat, Crowcroft, Natasha S., Rosella, Laura C., and Kwong, Jeffrey C.

Published
2018
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13. Characteristics and Outcomes of Young Children Hospitalized With Laboratory-confirmed Influenza or Respiratory Syncytial Virus in Ontario, Canada, 2009–2014

Author

Buchan, Sarah A., Chung, Hannah, Karnauchow, Timothy, McNally, J. Dayre, Campitelli, Michael A., Gubbay, Jonathan B., Katz, Kevin, McGeer, Allison J., Richardson, David C., Richardson, Susan E., Simor, Andrew, Smieja, Marek, Zahariadis, George, Tran, Dat, Crowcroft, Natasha S., Rosella, Laura C., and Kwong, Jeffrey C.

Published
2019
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15. Intégration de l'hôpital avec les établissements de soins collectifs en réponse à la pandémie de COVID-19

Author

Chan, Christina K, primary, Magaz, Mercedes, additional, Williams, Victoria R, additional, Wong, Julie, additional, Klein-Nouri, Monica, additional, Feldman, Sid, additional, O'Brien, Jaclyn, additional, Salt, Natasha, additional, Simor, Andrew E, additional, Charles, Jocelyn, additional, Wong, Brian M, additional, Shadowitz, Steve, additional, Fleming, Karen, additional, Chan, Adrienne K, additional, and Leis, Jerome A, additional

Published
2023
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16. Integration of hospital with congregate care homes in response to the COVID-19 pandemic

Author

Chan, Christina K, primary, Magaz, Mercedes, additional, Williams, Victoria R, additional, Wong, Julie, additional, Klein-Nouri, Monica, additional, Feldman, Sid, additional, O'Brien, Jaclyn, additional, Salt, Natasha, additional, Simor, Andrew E, additional, Charles, Jocelyn, additional, Wong, Brian M, additional, Shadowitz, Steve, additional, Fleming, Karen, additional, Chan, Adrienne K, additional, and Leis, Jerome A, additional

Published
2023
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19. The evolving epidemiology of Clostridium difficile infection in Canadian hospitals during a postepidemic period (2009-2015)

Author

Katz, Kevin C., Golding, George R., Choi, Kelly Baekyung, Pelude, Linda, Amaratunga, Kanchana R., Taljaard, Monica, Alexandre, Stephanie, Collet, Jun Chen, Davi, Ian, Du, Tim, Evans, Gerald A., Frenette, Charles, Gravel, Denise, Hota, Susy, Kibsey, Pamela, Langley, Joanne M., Lee, Bonita E., Lemieux, Camille, Longtin, Yves, Mertz, Dominik, Mieusement, Lorraine Maze Dit, Minion, Jessica, Moore, Dorothy L., Mulvey, Michael R., Richardson, Susan, Science, Michelle, Simor, Andrew E., Stagg, Paula, Suh, Kathryn N., Taylor, Geoffrey, Wong, Alice, and Thampi, Nisha

Subjects
Epidemics -- Influence -- Canada, Clostridium infections -- Diagnosis -- Care and treatment, Medical care quality -- Evaluation, Health
Abstract

BACKGROUND: The clinical and molecular epidemiology of health care-associated Clostridium difficile infection in nonepidemic settings across Canada has evolved since the first report of the virulent North American pulsed-field gel electrophoresis type 1 (NAP1) strain more than 15 years ago. The objective of this national, multicentre study was to describe the evolving epidemiology and molecular characteristics of health care-associated C. difficile infection in Canada during a post-NAP1epidemic period, particularly patient outcomes associated with the NAP1 strain. METHODS: Adult inpatients with C. difficile infection were prospectively identified, using a standard definition, between 2009 and 2015 through the Canadian Nosocomial Infection Surveillance Program (CNISP), a network of 64 acute care hospitals. Patient demographic characteristics, severity of infection and outcomes were reviewed. Molecular testing was performed on isolates, and strain types were analyzed against outcomes and epidemiologic trends. RESULTS: Over a 7-year period, 20 623 adult patients admitted to hospital with health care-associated C. difficile infection were reported to CNISP, and microbiological data were available for 2690 patients. From 2009 to 2015, the national rate of health care-associated C. difficile infection decreased from 5.9 to 4.3 per 10000 patient-days. NAP1 remained the dominant strain type, but infection with this strain has significantly decreased over time, followed by an increasing trend of infection with NAP4 and NAP11 strains. The NAP1 strain was significantly associated with a higher rate of death attributable to C. difficile infection com pared with non-NAP1 strains (odds ratio 1.91, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.292.82). Isolates were universally susceptible to metronidazole; one was nonsusceptible to vancomycin. The proportion of NAP1 strains within individual centres predicted their rates of health careassociated C. difficile infection; for every 10% increase in the proportion of NAP1 strains, the rate of health care-associated C. difficile infection increased by 3.3% (95% CI 1.7%-4.9%). INTERPRETATION: Rates of health care-associated C. difficile infection have decreased across Canada. In nonepidemic settings, NAP4 has emerged as a common strain type, but NAP1, although decreasing, continues to be the predominant circulating strain and remains significantly associated with higher attributable mortality., Clostridium difficile infection is the most common infectious cause of health care-associated diarrhea among hospital-admitted patients in developed countries and can lead to substantial morbidity and mortality. (1,2) In 2002, [...]

Published
2018
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34. Community- and Healthcare-Associated Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Strains: An Investigation Into Household Transmission, Risk Factors, and Environmental Contamination

Author

Ng, Wil, Faheem, Amna, McGeer, Allison, Simor, Andrew E., Gelosia, Antonella, Willey, Barbara M., Watt, Christine, Richardson, David C., Wong, Henry, Ostrowska, Krystyna, Vernich, Lee, Muller, Matthew P., Gnanasuntharam, Piraveina, Porter, Vanessa, and Katz, Kevin

Published
2017
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35. Surveillance Definitions of Infections in Long-Term Care Facilities: Revisiting the McGeer Criteria

Author

Stone, Nimalie D., Ashraf, Muhammad S., Calder, Jennifer, Crnich, Christopher J., Crossley, Kent, Drinka, Paul J., Gould, Carolyn V., Juthani-Mehta, Manisha, Lautenbach, Ebbing, Loeb, Mark, MacCannell, Taranisia, Malani, Preeti N., Mody, Lona, Mylotte, Joseph M., Nicolle, Lindsay E., Roghmann, Mary-Claire, Schweon, Steven J., Simor, Andrew E., Smith, Philip W., Stevenson, Kurt B., and Bradley, Suzanne F.

Published
2012
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