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1. The Philosothon: Philosophy as performance

Author

Simon Kidd

Subjects
community of inquiry, competition, philosophy, philosothon, signalling, socratic dialogue, Education (General), L7-991, Philosophy (General), B1-5802
Abstract

This paper addresses the question of the place for competition in philosophy by considering the example of the Philosothon, a popular school-based philosophy competition originating in Western Australia. Criticisms of this competition typically focus either on specific 'procedural problems', or else on the claim that 'the competitive spirit is inimical to collaborative philosophical inquiry'. The former type of criticism is extrinsic to competitive philosophy per se, while the latter is intrinsic to it. Defenders of the Philosothon dismiss both types of criticism by pointing to an allegedly ancient precedent, Socratic dialogue, as evidence that competition is not inimical to philosophy. If true, then procedural problems, where they can’t be eliminated or mitigated, can be accepted, on the basis that the Philosothon serves 'the greater good of promoting the practice of philosophy'. My purpose in this paper is twofold. First, to explain both types of criticism based on a detailed description of the Philosothon’s rationale and procedures. Second, to challenge the 'promotional' assertion used to dismiss the criticisms. Drawing on Plato scholarship, as well as research from social science, I suggest an alternative interpretation of the Philosothon, contrasting it with ancient philosophy and describing it instead in terms of ‘signalling’.

Published
2022

2. Mechanism of Notch Pathway Activation and Its Role in the Regulation of Olfactory Plasticity in Drosophila melanogaster.

Author

Simon Kidd and Toby Lieber

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

The neural plasticity of sensory systems is being increasingly recognized as playing a role in learning and memory. We have previously shown that Notch, part of an evolutionarily conserved intercellular signaling pathway, is required in adult Drosophila melanogaster olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs) for the structural and functional plasticity of olfactory glomeruli that is induced by chronic odor exposure. In this paper we address how long-term exposure to odor activates Notch and how Notch in conjunction with chronic odor mediates olfactory plasticity. We show that upon chronic odor exposure a non-canonical Notch pathway mediates an increase in the volume of glomeruli by a mechanism that is autonomous to ORNs. In addition to activating a pathway that is autonomous to ORNs, chronic odor exposure also activates the Notch ligand Delta in second order projection neurons (PNs), but this does not appear to require acetylcholine receptor activation in PNs. Delta on PNs then feeds back to activate canonical Notch signaling in ORNs, which restricts the extent of the odor induced increase in glomerular volume. Surprisingly, even though the pathway that mediates the increase in glomerular volume is autonomous to ORNs, nonproductive transsynaptic Delta/Notch interactions that do not activate the canonical pathway can block the increase in volume. In conjunction with chronic odor, the canonical Notch pathway also enhances cholinergic activation of PNs. We present evidence suggesting that this is due to increased acetylcholine release from ORNs. In regulating physiological plasticity, Notch functions solely by the canonical pathway, suggesting that there is no direct connection between morphological and physiological plasticity.

Published
2016
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3. Notch is required in adult Drosophila sensory neurons for morphological and functional plasticity of the olfactory circuit.

Author

Simon Kidd, Gary Struhl, and Toby Lieber

Subjects
Genetics, QH426-470
Abstract

Olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs) convey odor information to the central brain, but like other sensory neurons were thought to play a passive role in memory formation and storage. Here we show that Notch, part of an evolutionarily conserved intercellular signaling pathway, is required in adult Drosophila ORNs for the structural and functional plasticity of olfactory glomeruli that is induced by chronic odor exposure. Specifically, we show that Notch activity in ORNs is necessary for the odor specific increase in the volume of glomeruli that occurs as a consequence of prolonged odor exposure. Calcium imaging experiments indicate that Notch in ORNs is also required for the chronic odor induced changes in the physiology of ORNs and the ensuing changes in the physiological response of their second order projection neurons (PNs). We further show that Notch in ORNs acts by both canonical cleavage-dependent and non-canonical cleavage-independent pathways. The Notch ligand Delta (Dl) in PNs switches the balance between the pathways. These data define a circuit whereby, in conjunction with odor, N activity in the periphery regulates the activity of neurons in the central brain and Dl in the central brain regulates N activity in the periphery. Our work highlights the importance of experience dependent plasticity at the first olfactory synapse.

Published
2015
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5. kuzbanian-mediated cleavage of Drosophila Notch

Author

Simon Kidd, Toby Lieber, and Michael W. Young

Subjects
Disintegrins, Transgene, Notch signaling pathway, Biology, Cleavage (embryo), Genetics, Animals, Drosophila Proteins, DNA Primers, Cell Nucleus, Base Sequence, Receptors, Notch, Hydrolysis, fungi, Membrane Proteins, Metalloendopeptidases, Precipitin Tests, Molecular biology, Phenotype, Transmembrane protein, Cell biology, Membrane protein, Notch proteins, RNA, Drosophila, Drosophila Protein, Research Paper, Developmental Biology
Abstract

Loss of Kuzbanian, a member of the ADAM family of metalloproteases, produces neurogenic phenotypes in Drosophila. It has been suggested that this results from a requirement forkuzbanian-mediated cleavage of the Notch ligand Delta. Using transgenic Drosophila expressing transmembrane Notch proteins, we show that kuzbanian, independent of any role in Delta processing, is required for the cleavage of Notch. We show that Kuzbanian can physically associate with Notch and that removal ofkuzbanian activity by RNA-mediated interference inDrosophila tissue culture cells eliminates processing of ligand-independent transmembrane Notch molecules. Our data suggest that in Drosophila, kuzbanian can mediate S2 cleavage of Notch.

Published
2002
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6. Kuzbanian (Drosophila)

Author

Toby Lieber, Michael W. Young, and Simon Kidd

Subjects
chemistry.chemical_classification, Signal peptide, Messenger RNA, Metalloproteinase, Biology, biology.organism_classification, Amino acid, Cell biology, Imaginal disc, Transmembrane domain, Protein sequencing, chemistry, Biochemistry, Drosophila (subgenus), Cysteine
Abstract

Publisher Summary This chapter focuses on the structural chemistry and the biological aspects of Kuzbanian (Drosophila). Kuzbanian (kuz), also known as l(2)k01403 and l(2)34Da, has been isolated independently in genetic screens by three laboratories. Based on its predicted protein sequence, Kuz is a member of the ADAM (a disintegrin and metalloprotease) family of zinc-dependent metalloproteases. Based on its DNA sequence, kuz is predicted to encode a precursor protein of 1239 amino acids. This protein is predicted to contain an N-terminal signal sequence (amino acids 1–24), a pro domain (amino acids 25–387) containing a single cysteine (amino acid 279) that could function as a cysteine switch, a furin-cleavage site (amino acid 387), a metalloprotease domain (amino acids 320–673) of the ADAM family that contains a zinc-binding site (amino acids 605–616), a disintegrin domain (amino acids 674–784), a cysteine-rich domain (amino acids 785–909), followed by a transmembrane domain (amino acids 910–933) and a cytoplasmic domain of 306 amino acids. Kuz activity is required both maternally and zygotically. Kuz mRNA is ubiquitously expressed in embryos and imaginal discs, with the highest levels being found in the embryonic CNS, and the morphogenetic furrow and ommatidia of the larval eye imaginal disc.

Published
2013
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7. Contributors

Author

Catherine Anne Abbott, Carmela R. Abraham, Hideki Adachi, Osao Adachi, Zach Adam, Michael W.W. Adams, Michael J. Adang, Ibrahim M. Adham, Patrizia Aducci, David A. Agard, Alexey A. Agranovsky, Tetsuya Akamatsu, Yoshinori Akiyama, Reidar Albrechtsen, Alí Alejo, Sean M. Amberg, Alexander Y. Amerik, Piti Amparyup, Felipe Andrade, Germán Andrés, Daniel M. Andrews, Robert K. Andrews, Toni M. Antalis, Colin S. Anthony, Naoya Aoki, Suneel S. Apte, Kazunari Arima, Gérard Arlaud, Raghuvir Krishnaswamy Arni, Pascal Arnoux, Nathan N. Aronson, Michel Arthur, Yasuhisa Asano, Paolo Ascenzi, Marina T. Assakura, David S. Auld, Veridiana de Melo Rodrigues Ávila, Francesc X. Avilés, William M. Awad, Anand K. Bachhawat, Shan Bai, Teaster T. Baird, S. Paul Bajaj, Susan C. Baker, Agnieszka Banbula, Alan J. Barrett, Jemima Barrowman, John D. Bartlett, Jörg W. Bartsch, Nikola Baschuk, Isolda P. Baskova, Jyotsna Batra, Karl Bauer, Ulrich Baumann, Wolfgang Baumeister, Cédric Bauvois, Alex Bayés, Anne Beauvais, Christoph Becker-Pauly, Tadhg P. Begley, Miklós Békés, Robert Belas, Daniah Beleford, Teruhiko Beppu, Ernst M. Bergmann, Bruno A. Bernard, Dominique Bernard, Michael C. Berndt, Giovanna Berruti, Colin Berry, Greg P. Bertenshaw, Christian Betzel, Chetana Bhaskarla, Manoj Bhosale, Gabriele Bierbaum, B. Bjarnason Jón, Michael Blaber, Michael J. Blackman, Alexander Blinkovsky, Jef D. Boeke, Matthew Bogyo, Stefan Bohn, Guy Boileau, Mike Boland, Tové C. Bolken, Judith S. Bond, Jan Bondeson, Javier Bordallo, Claudia Borelli, Tiago O. Botelho, Richard R. Bott, David G. Bourne, Niels Bovenschen, Ralph A. Bradshaw, Klaus Breddam, Keith Brew, Paul J. Brindley, Diane L. Brinkman, Collette Britton, Jeff R. Broadbent, Anne Broadhurst, Dieter Brómme, Murray Broom, Jeremy S. Brown, Mark A. Brown, Iris Bruchhaus, Barbara A. Burleigh, Kristin E. Burns, James F. Burrows, Michael J. Butler, David J. Buttle, Chelsea M. Byrd, Tony Byun, Sandrine Cadel, Conor R. Caffrey, Santiago Cal, Javier Caldentey, Thomas Candela, Clemente Capasso, Daniel R. Capriogilio, Vincenzo Carginale, Adriana Karaoglanovic Carmona, Vern B. Carruthers, Francis J. Castellino, Joseph J. Catanese, Bruce Caterson, George H. Caughey, Naimh X. Cawley, Tim E. Cawston, Juan José Cazzulo, Jijie Chai, Karl X. Chai, Olga Meiri Chaim, L.S. Chang, Julie Chao, Marie-Pierre Chapot-Chartier, Jean-Louis Charli, Paulette Charlier, Karen J. Chave, Jian-Min Chen, Jinq-May Chen, Li-Mei Chen, Ya-Wen Chen, Yu-Yen Chen, Bernard Chevrier, Jean-François Chich, Jeremy Chien, Suneeta Chimalapati, Ki Joon Cho, Kwan Yong Choi, Woei-Jer Chuang, Chin Ha Chung, Ivy Yeuk Wah Chung, Christine Clamagirand, Ian M. Clark, Adrian K. Clarke, Nicola E. Clarke, Steven Gerard Clarke, Philippe Clauziat, Judith A. Clements, Catherine Coffinier, Paul Cohen, Alain Colige, Anne Collignon, Sean D. Colloms, Andreas Conzelmann, Graham H. Coombs, Jakki C. Cooney, Jonathan B. Cooper, Max D. Cooper, Nikki A. Copeland, Graeme S. Cottrell, Joseph T. Coyle, Charles S. Craik, John W.M. Creemers, Daniela Cretu, Jenifer Croce, Keith J. Cross, Rosario Cueva, Sheng Cui, Luis Cunha, Simon Cutting, Christophe d’Enfert, Hugues D’Orchymont, Björn Dahlbäck, Shujia Dai, Ross E. Dalbey, John P. Dalton, Pam M. Dando, R.M. Daniel, Sergei M. Danilov, Donna E. Davies, Heloisa S. De Araujo, Teresa De los Santos, Viviana de Luca, Ingrid De Meester, Ana Karina de Oliveira, Eduardo Brandt de Oliveira, Pedro Lagerblad De Oliveira, Sarah de Vos, Jeroen Declercq, Wim Declercq, Ala-Eddine Deghmane, Niek Dekker, Sonia Del Prete, Marina Del Rosal, Bernard Delmas, Robert DeLotto, Ilya V. Demidyuk, Mark R. Denison, Jan M. Deussing, Lakshmi A. Devi, Eleftherios P. Diamandis, Isabel Diaz, Araceli Díaz-Perales, Bauke W. Dijkstra, Yan Ding, Jack E. Dixon, Johannes Dodt, Terje Dokland, Iztok Dolenc, Ningzheng Dong, Tran Cat Dong, Ying Dong, Mitesh Dongre, Mark Donovan, Timothy M. Dore, Loretta Dorstyn, Hong Dou, Zhicheng Dou, Annette M. Dougall, Marcin Drag, Edward G. Dudley, Ben M. Dunn, Bruno Dupuy, Maria Conceicāo Duque-Magalhāes, M. Asunción Durá, Yves Eeckhout, Vincent Eijsink, Arthur Z. Eisen, Azza Eissa, Sandra Eklund, Ziad M. Eletr, Vincent Ellis, Wolfgang Engel, Ervin G. Erdös, Teresa Escalante, David A. Estell, Michael Etscheid, Herbert J. Evans, Roger D. Everett, Alex C. Faesen, Falk Fahrenholz, Miriam Fanjul-Fernández, Christopher J. Farady, Georges Feller, Hong Feng, Kurt M. Fenster, Claude Férec, Silvia Ferrari, Barbara Fingleton, Jed F. Fisher, Paula M. Fives-Taylor, Loren G. Fong, F. Forneris, Brian M. Forster, Friedrich Forster, Simon J. Foster, Thierry Foulon, Stephen I. Foundling, Jay William Fox, Bruno Franzetti, Alejandra P. Frasch, Hudson H. Freeze, Jean-Marie Frère, Teryl K. Frey, Beate Fricke, Lloyd D. Fricker, Rafael Fridman, Christopher J. Froelich, Camilla Fröhlich, Hsueh-Liang Fu, Cynthia N. Fuhrmann, Satoshi Fujimura, Hiroshi Fujiwara, Jun Fukushima, Keiichi Fukuyama, Robert S. Fuller, Martin Fusek, Christine Gaboriaud, Christian Gache, Oleksandr Gakh, Peter Gal, Junjun Gao, Adolfo García-Sastre, Donald L. Gardiner, John A. Gatehouse, G.M. Gaucher, Francis Gauthier, Jean-Marie Ghuysen, Wade Gibson, Jennifer Gillies, Elzbieta Glaser, Fabian Glaser, Michael H. Glickman, Peter Goettig, Colette Goffin, Eiichi Gohda, Alfred L. Goldberg, Daniel E. Goldberg, Gregory I. Goldberg, Nathan E. Goldfarb, F. Xavier Gomis-Rüth, B. Gopal, Alexander E. Gorbalenya, Stuart G. Gordon, Mark D. Gorrell, Friedrich Götz, Theodoros Goulas, Cécile Gouzy-Darmon, K. Govind, Lászlo Gráf, Robert R. Granados, Melissa Ann Gräwert, Douglas A. Gray, Thomas P. Graycar, Jonathan A. Green, Luiza Helena Gremski, Michael Groll, Tania Yu Gromova, P. Gros, Marvin J. Grubman, Amy M. Grunden, Ágústa Gudmundsdóttir, Micheline Guinand, Djamel Gully, Alla Gustchina, José María Gutiérrez, Byung Hak Ha, Jesper Z. Haeggström, James H. Hageman, Johanna Haiko, Stephan Hailfinger, Hans Michael Haitchi, Ji Seon Han, Chantal Hanquez, Minoru Harada, Ikuko Hara-Nishimura, Marianne Harboe, Torleif Härd, David A. Harris, Ulrich Hassiepen, Shoji Hata, Akira Hattori, Rong-Qiao He, Albert J.R. Heck, Dirk F. Hendricks, Bernhard Henrich, Patrick Henriet, Andrés Hernández-Arana, Irma Herrera-Camacho, Gerhard Heussipp, Toshihiko Hibino, P.M. Hicks, Bradley I. Hillman, B. Yukihiro Hiraoka, Jun Hiratake, Yohei Hizukuri, Heng-Chien Ho, Ngo Thi Hoa, Mark Hochstrasser, Kathryn M. Hodge, Theo Hofmann, Thomas Hohn, John R. Hoidal, Joachim-Volker Höltje, Koichi J. Homma, John F. Honek, Vivian Y.H. Hook, John D. Hooper, Nigel M. Hooper, Kazuo Hosoi, Christopher J. Howe, Dennis E. Hruby, James J.-D. Hseih, Chun-Chieh Hsu, Tony T. Huang, Tur-Fu Huang, Yoann Huet, Clare Hughes, Jean-Emmanuel Hugonnet, Adrienne L. Huston, Oumaïma Ibrahim-Granet, Eiji Ichishima, Yukio Ikehara, Tadashi Inagami, Jessica Ingram, R.E. Isaac, Grazia Isaya, Clara E. Isaza, Shin-ichi Ishii, Amandine Isnard, Kiyoshi Ito, Koreaki Ito, Yoshifumi Itoh, Xavier Iturrioz, Sadaaki Iwanaga, Ralph W. Jack, Mel C. Jackson, Michael N.G. James, Jiří Janata, Claire Janoir, Hanna Janska, Ken F. Jarrell, Mariusz Jaskolski, Sheila S. Jaswal, Ying Y. Jean, Dieter E. Jenne, Young Joo Jeon, Ping Jiang, John E. Johnson, Michael D. Johnson, James A. Johnston, Amanda Jones, Elizabeth W. Jones, Carine Joudiou, Luiz Juliano, Hea-Jin Jung, Ray Jupp, Todd F. Kagawa, Hubert Kalbacher, Yayoi Kamata, Shuichi Kaminogawa, Yoshiyuki Kamio, Makoto Kaneda, Sung Gyun Kang, Sung Hwan Kang, Mary Kania, Tomasz Kantyka, Nobuyuki Kanzawa, Abdulkarim Y. Karim, Takafumi Kasumi, Hiroaki Kataoka, Hardeep Kaur, Shun-Ichiro Kawabata, Mari Kawaguchi, John Kay, Murat Kaynar, Kenneth C. Keiler, R.M. Kelly, Nathaniel T. Kenton, Michael A. Kerr, Kristof Kersse, Jukka Kervinen, Benedikt M. Kessler, Efrat Kessler, Timo K. Khoronen, Simon Kidd, Marjolein Kikkert, Mogens Kilian, Do-Hyung Kim, Doyoun Kim, Eunice EunKyeong Kim, In Seop Kim, Jung-Gun Kim, Kyeong Kyu Kim, Kyung Hyun Kim, Matthew S. Kimber, Yukio Kimura, Heidrun Kirschke, Yoshiaki Kiso, Colin Kleanthous, Jürgen R. Klein, Michael Klemba, Beata Kmiec, Hideyuki Kobayashi, Hiroyuki Kodama, Gerald Koelsch, Jan Kok, P.E. Kolattukody, Fabrice A. Kolb, Harald Kolmar, Yumiko Komori, Jan Konvalinka, Brice Korkmaz, Sergey V. Kostrov, Hans-Georg Kräusslich, Gabi Krczal, Lawrence F. Kress, Magnüs Már Kristjánsson, Tomáš Kučera, Sayali S. Kukday, Hidehiko Kumagai, Sharad Kumar, Malika Kumarasiri, Takashi Kumazaki, Beate M. Kümmerer, Kouji Kuno, Markku Kurkinen, Eva Kutejová, Marie Kveiborg, Agnieszka Kwarciak, Liisa Laakkonen, Nikolaos E. Labrou, Gavin D. Laing, Gayle Lamppa, Thomas Langer, Richard A. Laursen, Richard A. Lawrenson, Matthew D. Layne, Bernard F. Le Bonniec, María C. Leal, Ronald M. Lechan, David H. Lee, Irene Lee, Jae Lee, Kye Joon Lee, Soohee Lee, Xiaobo Lei, Jonathan Leis, Ellen K. LeMosy, Thierry Lepage, Stephen H. Leppla, Adam Lesner, Ivan A.D. Lessard, Guy Lhomond, Huilin Li, Shu-Ming Li, Weiguo Li, Ta-Hsiu Liao, Robert C. Liddington, Toby Lieber, H.R. Lijnen, Christopher D. Lima, Chen-Yong Lin, Gang Lin, Ming T. Lin, Xinli Lin, Yee-Shin Lin, L.L. Lindsay, William N. Lipscomb, John W. Little, Ching-Chuan Liu, Chuan-ju Liu, Mark O. Lively, Nurit Livnat-Levanon, Per O. Ljungdahl, Catherine Llorens-Cortes, Peter Lobel, Y. Peng Loh, Jouko Lohi, G.P. Lomonossoff, Yvan Looze, Carlos López-Otin, Landys Lopez-Quezada, Alex Loukas, Long-Sheng Lu, Áke Lundwall, Liu-Ying Luo, Andrei Lupas, Dawn S. Luthe, Nicholas J. Lynch, Peter J. Lyons, Vivian L. MacKay, Jesica M. Levingston Macleod, Viktor Magdolen, Jean-Luc Mainardi, Kauko K. Mäkinen, Jeremy P. Mallari, Surya P. Manandhar, Fajga R. Mandelbaum, Anne M. Manicone, Johanna Mansfeld, Joseph Marcotrigiano, Michael Mares, Gemma Marfany, Francis S. Markland, Judith Marokházi, Hélène Marquis, Robert A. Marr, Enzo Martegani, Erik W. Martin, Manuel Martinez, L. Miguel Martins, Masato Maruyama, Masugi Maruyama, Sususmu Maruyama, Takeharu Masaki, Ramin Massoumi, Rency T. Mathew, Lynn M. Matrisian, Yoshihiro Matsuda, Osamu Matsushita, Marco Matuschek, Anna Matušková, Krisztina Matúz, Cornelia Mauch, Michael R. Maurizi, Lorenz M. Mayr, Dewey G. McCafferty, J. Ken McDonald, James H. McKerrow, David McMillan, Robert P. Mecham, Darshini P. Mehta, Chris Meisinger, Alan Mellors, Roger G. Melton, Jeffrey A. Melvin, Robert Ménard, Luis Menéndez-Arias, Milene C. Menezes, Andrew Mesecar, Stéphane Mesnage, Diane H. Meyer, Gregor Meyers, Susan Michaelis, Karolina Michalska, Wojciech P. Mielicki, Igor Mierau, Galina V. Mikoulinskaia, Charles G. Miller, Lydia K. Miller, John Mills, Kenneth V. Mills, Jinrong Min, Michel-Yves Mistou, Yoshio Misumi, Shin-ichi Miyoshi, Shigehiko Mizutani, Shahriar Mobashery, Satsuki Mochizuki, William L. Mock, Frank Möhrlen, Nathalie Moiré, Paul E. Monahan, Angela Moncada-Pazos, Véronique Monnet, Michel Monod, Cesare Montecucco, Laura Morelli, Sumiko Mori, Takashi Morita, James H. Morrissey, Richard J. Morse, John S. Mort, Uffe H. Mortensen, Rory E. Morty, Joel Moss, Hidemasa Motoshima, Jeremy C. Mottram, Ana M. Moura-da-Silva, Mary Beth Mudgett, Egbert Mundt, Kazuo Murakami, Mario Tyago Murakami, Kimiko MurakamiMurofoshi, Sawao Murao, Gillian Murphy, M.R.N. Murthy, Tatsushi Muta, Elmarie Myburgh, Nino Mzhavia, A.H.M. Nurun Nabi, Hideaki Nagase, Michael W. Nagle, Dorit K. Nägler, Rajesh R. Naik, Divya B. Nair, Toshiki Nakai, Yoshitaka Nakajima, Yukio Nakamura, Hitoshi Nakatogawa, Toru Nakayama, Natalia N. Nalivaeva, Dipankar Nandi, Maria Clara Leal Nascimento-Silva, Kim Nasmyth, Carl F. Nathan, Fernando Navarro-García, Dayane Lorena Naves, Danny D. Nedialkova, Keir C. Neuman, Jeffrey-Tri Nguyen, Ky-Anh Nguyen, Gabriela T. Niemirowicz, Toshiaki Nikai, Eiichiro Nishi, Wataru Nishii, Makoto Nishiyama, Yasuhiro Nishiyama, Masatoshi Noda, Seiji Nomura, Shigemi Norioka, Desire M.M. Nsangou, Amornrat O’Brien, Michael B. O’Connor, Kohei Oda, Irina V. Odinokova, Joyce Oetjen, Teru Ogura, Dennis E Ohman, Yoshinori Ohsumi, Mukti Ojha, Akinobu Okabe, Yasunori Okada, Keinosuke Okamoto, Kenji Okuda, Nobuaki Okumura, Takashi Okuno, Kjeld Oleson, Priscila Oliveira de Giuseppe, Martin Olivier, Yasuko Ono, Stephen Oroszlan, Nobuyuki Ota, Michael Ovadia, Jiyang O-Wang, Claus Oxvig, Jeremy C.L. Packer, Sergio Padilla-López, Mark Paetzel, Michael J. Page, Andrea Page-McCaw, Mark J.I. Paine, Byoung Chul Park, Eunyong Park, John E. Park, Pyong Woo Park, Sung Goo Park, Kirk L. Parkin, William C Parks, Thaysa Paschoalin, Annalisa Pastore, Alexander Nikolich Patananan, Sudhir Paul, Henry L. Paulson, Ulrich von Pawel-Rammingen, David A. Pearce, Mark S. Pearson, Duanqing Pei, Gunnar Pejler, Alan D. Pemberton, Jianhao Peng, Julien Pernier, Jan-Michael Peters, Thorsten Pfirrmann, Viet-Laï Pham, Iva Pichová, Darren Pickering, Christophe Piesse, David Pignol, Robert N. Pike, Lothaire Pinck, Hubert Pirkle, Henry C. Pitot, Andrew G. Plaut, Hidde Ploegh, László Polgár, Corrine Porter, Rolf Postina, Jan Potempa, Knud Poulsen, Scott D. Power, Rex. F. Pratt, Gerd Prehna, Gilles Prévost, Alexey V. Pshezhetsky, Mohammad A. Qasim, Feng Qian, Jiazhou Qiu, Víctor Quesada, Evette S. Radisky, Stephen D. Rader, Kavita Raman, Andrew J. Ramsay, Derrick E. Rancourt, Najju Ranjit, Narayanam V. Rao, Kiira Ratia, Neil D. Rawlings, Robert B. Rawson, Vijay Reddy, Colvin M. Redman, Maria Elena Regonesi, Andreas S. Reichert, Antonia P. Reichl, Han Remaut, S. James Remington, Martin Renatus, David Reverter, Eric C. Reynolds, Mohamed Rholam, Charles M. Rice, Todd W. Ridky, Howard Riezman, D.C. Rijken, Marie-Christine Rio, Alison Ritchie, Janine Robert-Baudouy, Mark W. Robinson, Michael Robinson, Adela Rodriguez-Romero, Renata Santos Rodriques, John C. Rogers, Camilo Rojas, Floyd E. Romesberg, David J. Roper, Nora Rosas-Murrieta, A.M. Rose, Philip J. Rosenthal, J. Rosing, Ornella Rossetto, Véronique Rossi, Richard A. Roth, Hanspeter Rottensteiner, Andrew D. Rowan, Mikhail Rozanov, Alexandra Rucavado, Andrea Ruecker, Françoise Rul, Till Rümenapf, Ilaria Russo, Martin D. Ryan, Elena Sacco, J. Evan Sadler, W. Saenger, Hans-Georg Sahl, Mohammed Sajid, Masayoshi Sakaguchi, Fumio Sakiyama, Maria L. Salas, Maria Cristina O. Salgado, Guy S. Salvesen, Edith Sánchez, Eladio F. Sanchez, Qing-Xiang Amy Sang, Krishnan Sankaran, Susanta K. Sarkar, Michael P. Sarras, Yoshikiyo Sasagawa, Araki Satohiko, Eric Sauvage, Loredana Saveanu, H.S. Savithri, Hitoshi Sawada, R. Gary Sawers, Isobel A. Scarisbrick, Andreas Schaller, Justin M. Scheer, Friedrich Scheiflinger, Cordelia Schiene-Fischer, Uwe Schlomann, Manfred Schlösser, Alvin H. Schmaier, Walter K. Schmidt, Anette Schneemann, Rick G. Schnellmann, Henning Scholze, Lutz Schomburg, Wilhelm J. Schwaeble, Christopher J. Scott, Rosaria Scudiero, Atsuko Sehara-Fujisawa, Nabil G. Seidah, Motoharu Seiki, Junichi Sekiguchi, Andrea Senff-Ribeiro, Ihn Sik Seong, Mihaela Serpe, Solange M.T. Serrano, Peter Setlow, Tina Shahian, M. Shanks, Feng Shao, Steven D. Shapiro, Navneet Sharma, Lindsey N. Shaw, Aimee Shen, Lei Shen, Roger F. Sherwood, Yun-Bo Shi, Hitoshi Shimoi, Yoichiro Shimura, A.D. Shirras, Viji Shridhar, Jinal K. Shukla, Ene Siigur, Jüri Siigur, Natalie C. Silmon de Monerri, Robert B. Sim, James P. Simmer, William H. Simmons, Jaspreet Singh, Alison Singleton, Tatiana D. Sirakova, Titia K. Sixma, Tim Skern, Randal A. Skidgel, Jeffrey Slack, David E. Sleat, Barbara S. Slusher, Janet L. Smith, Matthew A. Smith, Mark J. Smyth, Erik J. Snijder, Solmaz Sobhanifar, Kenneth Söderhaäll, Istvan Sohar, Peter Sonderegger, Marcos Henrique Ferreira Sorgine, Hiroyuki Sorimachi, Karen E. Soukhodolets, Tatiana de Arruda Campos Brasil de Souza, Tamás Sperka, Shiranee Sriskandan, Joseph W. St. Geme, Raymond J. St. Leger, Peter Staib, James L. Steele, Bjarki Stefansson, Christian Steinkühler, Leisa M. Stenberg, Johan Stenflo, Henning R. Stennicke, Valentin M. Stepanov, Olga A. Stepnaya, Frank Steven, Richard L. Stevens, Kenneth J. Stevenson, Mathieu St-Louis, Christopher C. Stobart, Walter Stöcker, Andrew C. Storer, Norbert Sträter, Ellen G. Strauss, James H. Strauss, Kvido Stříšovský, Natalie C.J. Strynadka, Edward D. Sturrock, Dan Su, Xiao-Dong Su, Paz Suárez-Rendueles, Traian Sulea, Venkatesh Sundararajan, Ryoji Suno, Carolyn K. Suzuki, Fumiaki Suzuki, Hideyuki Suzuki, Nobuhiro Suzuki, Stephen Swenson, Rose L. Szabady, Pal Bela Szecsi, Lászlo Szilágyi, Muhamed-Kheir Taha, Eizo Takahashi, Kenji Takahashi, Toshiro Takai, Atsushi Takeda, Soichi Takeda, Jeremy J.R.H. Tame, Tomohiro Tamura, Fulong Tan, Keiji Tanaka, Carmen Tanase, Jordan Tang, Martha M. Tanizaki, Egbert Tannich, Guido Tans, Anthony L. Tarentino, Anchalee Tassanakajon, Hiroki Tatsumi, Norbert Tautz, Erin Bassford Taylor, Pedro Filipe Teixeira, Bhanu Prakash V.L. Telugu, Markus F. Templin, Shigeyuki Terada, Uchikoba Tetsuya, C. Thacker, Maulik Thaker, Heinz-Jürgen Thiel, Nicole Thielens, Gonzales Thierry, Karine Thivierge, Mark D. Thomas, Margot Thome, Mary K. Thorsness, Peter E. Thorsness, Natalie J. Tigue, Sokol V. Todi, Birgitta Tomkinson, Fiorella Tonello, Liang Tong, H.S. Toogood, Paolo Tortora, József Tözsèr, Luiz Rodolpho Travassos, James Travis, Dilza Trevisan-Silva, Francesca Trinchella, Neil N. Trivedi, Carol M. Troy, Harald Tschesche, Yu-Lun Tseng, Masafumi Tsujimoto, Anthony T. Tu, Kathleen E. Tumelty, Boris Turk, Dusan Turk, Vito Turk, Anthony J. Turner, Tetsuya Uchikoba, Takayuki Ueno, Alejandro P. Ugalde, Veli-Jukka Uitto, Sinisa Urban, Olivier Valdenaire, Adrian Valli, Jozef Van Beeumen, Bertus Van den Burg, Renier A.L. Van der Hoorn, Jan Maarten van Dijl, Peter Van Endert, Bram J. Van Raam, Harold E. Van Wart, Tom Vanden Berghe, Peter Vandenabeele, Margo Vanoni, Silvio Sanches Veiga, William H. Velander, Gloria Velasco, Josep Vendrell, I. István Venekei, Vaclav Vetvicka, F.-Nora Vögtle, Waldemar Vollmer, Kei Wada, Fred W. Wagner, Sun Nyunt Wai, Timothy Wai, Shane Wainwright, Kenneth W. Walker, Stephen J. Walker, Jean Wallach, Linda L. Walling, Peter N. Walsh, Hai-Yan Wang, Hengbin Wang, Jianwei Wang, Peng Wang, Ping Wang, Michael Wassenegger, Kunihiko Watanabe, Helen Webb, Joseph M. Weber, Niklas Weber, Daniel R. Webster, Shuo Wei, Rodney A. Welch, James A. Wells, Herbert Wenzel, Ingrid E. Wertz, Ulla W. Wewer, Alison R. Whyteside, Sherwin Wilk, Jean-Marc Wilkin, Claudia Wilmes, Jakob R. Winther, David S. Wishart, Alexander Wlodawer, J. Fred Woessner, Michael S. Wolfe, Wilson Wong, Roger Woodgate, Gerry Wright, Jiunn-Jong Wu, Qingyu Wu, Magdalena Wysocka, Chao Xu, Zhenghong Xu, Kinnosuke Yahori, Shoji Yamada, Nozomi Yamaguchi, Shinji Yamaguchi, Yoshio Yamakawa, Hiroki Yamamoto, Ikao Yana, Maozhou Yang, Na Yang, Chenjuan Yao, Tingting Yao, Noriko Yasuda, Toshimasa Yasuhara, Shigeki Yasumasu, Edward T.H. Yeh, Irene Yiallouros, Jiang Yin, Hiroo Yonezawa, Soon Ji Yoo, Tadashi Yoshimoto, Michael W. Young, Stephen G. Young, Nousheen Zaidi, Ludmila L. Zavalova, Peter Zavodszky, Aidong Zhang, Xianming Zhang, Yi-Zheng Zhang, Dominick Zheng, Guangming Zhong, Rong Zhong, Yuan Zhou, Zhaohui Sunny Zhou, Michael Zick, Paola Zigrino, and Andrei A. Zimin

Published
2013
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8. DSL-Notch signaling in the Drosophila brain in response to olfactory stimulation

Author

Toby Lieber, Simon Kidd, and Gary Struhl

Subjects
Olfactory system, Neuroscience(all), Notch signaling pathway, Olfaction, Neurotransmission, Biology, Receptors, Odorant, Olfactory Receptor Neurons, Article, Animals, Genetically Modified, Notch Family, medicine, Animals, Drosophila Proteins, Olfactory receptor, Receptors, Notch, General Neuroscience, fungi, Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins, Brain, Membrane Proteins, Smell, medicine.anatomical_structure, Drosophila melanogaster, Notch proteins, Odorants, Antennal lobe, Neuroscience, Signal Transduction
Abstract

SummaryDelta/Serrate/Lag2 (DSL) ligands and their Notch family receptors have profound and pervasive roles in development. They are also expressed in adult tissues, notably in mature neurons and glia in the brain, where their roles are unknown. Here, focusing on the sense of smell in adult Drosophila, we show that Notch is activated in select olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs) in an odorant-specific fashion. This response requires olfactory receptor activity and the Notch ligand Delta. We present evidence that Notch activation depends on synaptic transmission by the ORNs in which the receptors are active and is modulated by the activity of local interneurons in the antennal lobe. It is also subject to regulatory inputs from olfactory receptor activity in other ORNs. These findings identify a correlate of stimulus-dependent brain activity and potentially new forms of neural integration and plasticity.

Published
2010

9. Characterization of the Drosophila cactus locus and analysis of interactions between cactus and dorsal proteins

Author

Simon Kidd

Subjects
Male, Molecular Sequence Data, Mutant, Locus (genetics), General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Cell Line, Rel homology domain, Gene product, NF-kappa B p52 Subunit, Drosophilidae, Animals, Drosophila Proteins, Amino Acid Sequence, Cloning, Molecular, Gene, Transcription factor, Genetics, Binding Sites, Base Sequence, biology, NF-kappa B, Nuclear Proteins, Phosphoproteins, biology.organism_classification, Precipitin Tests, Cell biology, DNA-Binding Proteins, Drosophila melanogaster, Oligodeoxyribonucleotides, Female, Nuclear localization sequence, Transcription Factors
Abstract

An oligonucleotide based on the cdc 10SW16 repeats of the Drosophila Notch protein was used to isolate other Drosophila genes with these repeats. One of these genes is the cactus locus, 1 of 11 genes required maternally for the establishment in embryos of a gradient of nuclear localization of dorsal protein, a rel-like transcription factor. Previous work showed that in cactus mutants more dorsal protein enters the nucleus in dorsal regions, resulting in a ventralized phenotype. It is now shown that the cactus locus produces two proteins that differ at their carboxy termini; both contain six cdc 10SW16 repeats that are sufficient for binding to dorsal and for inhibiting the ability of dorsal to bind DNA. The site on dorsal to which cactus binds was localized to the rel homology domain, where it overlaps with, or is adjacent to, the nuclear localization signal. In vivo the bulk of the cactus protein associated with dorsal is phosphorylated. This, or the association with dorsal, appears to stabilize the maternal cactus protein.

Published
1992
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10. Furin cleavage is not a requirement for Drosophila Notch function

Author

Simon Kidd and Toby Lieber

Subjects
Embryology, animal structures, Protein subunit, Molecular Sequence Data, Cleavage (embryo), Animals, Drosophila Proteins, Amino Acid Sequence, Subtilisins, Receptor, Furin, Protein maturation, Glycoproteins, Armadillo Domain Proteins, biology, Receptors, Notch, Sequence Homology, Amino Acid, fungi, Brain, Membrane Proteins, Hedgehog signaling pathway, Transmembrane protein, Cell biology, Repressor Proteins, Drosophila melanogaster, biology.protein, Trans-Activators, Intracellular, Developmental Biology, Transcription Factors
Abstract

Notch (N) is a large transmembrane protein that acts as a receptor in an evolutionarily conserved intercellular signalling pathway. Because of this conservation, it has been assumed that biochemical events mediating N function are identical in all species. For instance, intracellular maturation by furin protease and subunit assembly leading to the formation of a heterodimeric cell surface N receptor are thought to be central to its function in both mammals and flies. However, in Drosophila the majority of N appears to be full-length. It has not been determined whether this full-length N protein is on the cell surface. We describe experiments which indicate that unlike mammalian N, the majority of Drosophila N on the cell surface is full-length and that in Drosophila, in vivo, furin cleavage is not required for biological activity. We further show that the behaviour of fly and mouse N can be interchanged simply by swapping the regions in which the mammalian furin-like cleavage site is located.

Published
2002

11. Ligand-induced cleavage and regulation of nuclear entry of Notch in Drosophila melanogaster embryos

Author

Simon Kidd, Toby Lieber, and Michael W. Young

Subjects
Cytoplasm, Biology, Ligands, Genetics, medicine, Animals, Drosophila Proteins, Nuclear protein, Transcription factor, Cell Nucleus, Receptors, Notch, Activator (genetics), Membrane Proteins, Nuclear Proteins, Biological Transport, biology.organism_classification, Phosphoproteins, Hairless, Cell biology, Cell Compartmentation, DNA-Binding Proteins, Repressor Proteins, Cell nucleus, medicine.anatomical_structure, Drosophila melanogaster, Trans-Activators, Protein Processing, Post-Translational, Nuclear localization sequence, Developmental Biology, Protein Binding, Transcription Factors, Research Paper
Abstract

Notch, a transmembrane protein found in a wide range of organisms, is a component of a pathway that mediates cell-fate decisions that involve intercellular communication. In this paper, we show that inDrosophila melanogaster, Notch (N) is processed in a ligand-dependent fashion to generate phosphorylated, soluble intracellular derivatives. Suppressor of Hairless [Su(H)] is predominantly associated with soluble intracellular N. It has been demonstrated by others that N has access to the nucleus, and we show that when tethered directly to DNA, the cytoplasmic domain of N can activate transcription. Conversely, a viral activator fused to Su(H) can substitute for at least some N functions during embryogenesis. We suggest that one function of soluble forms of N is to bind to Su(H), and in the nucleus, to act directly as a transcriptional transactivator of the latter protein. Although N has functional nuclear localization signals, the N/Su(H) complex accumulates in the cytoplasm and on membranes suggesting that its nuclear entry is regulated. Localization studies in cultured cells and embryos suggest that Su(H) plays a role in this regulation, with the relative levels of Delta, N and Su(H) determining whether a N/Su(H) complex enters the nucleus.

Published
1998

12. Antineurogenic phenotypes induced by truncated Notch proteins indicate a role in signal transduction and may point to a novel function for Notch in nuclei

Author

Victoria Corbin, Michael W. Young, Toby Lieber, Elizabeth Alcamo, and Simon Kidd

Subjects
DNA Mutational Analysis, Restriction Mapping, Notch signaling pathway, Cell Cycle Proteins, Genes, Insect, Animals, Genetically Modified, Fungal Proteins, Neuroblast, Drosophilidae, Genetics, Animals, Drosophila Proteins, Cysteine, Nerve Tissue, Enhancer, Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid, Sequence Deletion, Cell Nucleus, biology, Epidermal Growth Factor, Receptors, Notch, Membrane Proteins, biology.organism_classification, Immunohistochemistry, Transmembrane protein, Peptide Fragments, Cell biology, Cell Compartmentation, Phenotype, Notch proteins, Insect Hormones, Drosophila, Schizosaccharomyces pombe Proteins, Signal transduction, Nuclear localization sequence, Developmental Biology, Signal Transduction, Transcription Factors
Abstract

Loss of any one of several neurogenic genes of Drosophila results in overproduction of embryonic neuroblasts at the expense of epidermoblasts. In this paper a variety of altered Notch proteins are expressed in transgenic flies. Dominant lethal, antineurogenic phenotypes were produced by expression of three classes of mutant proteins: (1) a protein comprised of the cytoplasmic domain of Notch and devoid of sequences permitting membrane association; (2) a transmembrane protein lacking the extracellular, lin12/Notch repeats; and (3) transmembrane proteins carrying amino acid substitutions replacing one or both extracellular cysteines thought to be involved in Notch dimerization. These Notch proteins not only suppress the neural hypertrophy observed in Notch- embryos, but also generate a phenotype in which elements of the embryonic nervous system are underproduced. Action of the intracellular cdc10 repeats appears to be essential for wild-type Notch function or for the antineurogenic activity of these proteins. The activities of the dominant, gain-of-function proteins indicate that Notch functions as a signal transducing receptor during ectoderm development. Production of antineurogenic Notch proteins in embryos deficient for the other neurogenic genes allowed functional dependencies to be established. Delta, mastermind, bigbrain, and neuralized appear to function in elaboration of a signal upstream of Notch. Genes of the Enhancer of split complex act after Notch. The cytoplasmic domain of Notch contains nuclear localization sequences that function in cultured cells, and one of the Notch antineurogenic proteins, the cytoplasmic domain, accumulates in nuclei in vivo.

Published
1993

13. Mutations altering the structure of epidermal growth factor-like coding sequences at the Drosophila Notch locus

Author

Michael W. Young, Walter A. Deutsch, Mark R. Kelley, and Simon Kidd

Subjects
Molecular Sequence Data, Mutant, Locus (genetics), Biology, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Epidermal growth factor, Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid, Drosophilidae, Melanogaster, Animals, Amino Acid Sequence, Growth Substances, Enhancer, Alleles, Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid, Recombination, Genetic, Genetics, Epidermal Growth Factor, biology.organism_classification, Drosophila melanogaster, Phenotype, Gene Expression Regulation, Genes, Notch proteins, Mutation, Genes, Lethal
Abstract

The Drosophila neurogenic protein Notch is largely composed of tandemly repeated copies of an epidermal growth factor-like sequence. Notch protein contains 36 EGF-like elements, but no two are identical. In the present study, eight mutations are correlated with single amino acid substitutions in EGF-homologous elements of this protein. Genetic analyses of the mutations and comparisons of DNA from mutant and wild-type flies indicate that differentiation of function exists among the tandemly repeated EGF-like sequences and that the total number of repeats and minor variations from the consensus repeat sequence are important for wild-type Notch protein function. One group of EGF-like repeats may be involved in the formation of functional Notch dimers or multimeric proteins. EGF-like elements in a second region of the Notch protein appear to govern its interaction with the product of Enhancer of split, another neurogenic locus of D. melanogaster.

Published
1987
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14. Transposon-dependent mutant phenotypes at the Notch locus of Drosophila

Author

Simon Kidd and Michael W. Young

Subjects
Genetics, Transposable element, Multidisciplinary, biology, Mutant, Locus (genetics), DNA Restriction Enzymes, biology.organism_classification, Phenotype, Drosophila melanogaster, Gene interaction, Mutation, DNA Transposable Elements, Animals, Allele, Gene
Abstract

Many mutations at complex genetic loci in the fruitfly Drosophila melanogaster are associated with insertions of transposable elements. At the Notch locus, members of one class of insertion-associated mutations, termed glossy-like, produce a recessive viable, smooth-eye phenotype with mottled pigmentation. Members of a second class, facet, produce a recessive viable, rough-eye phenotype with homogeneous pigmentation. Both classes of mutations fail to complement Notch lethal mutations, so they behave as Notch alleles. Here we report that each glossy-like mutation is associated with an insertion of the same transposable element (flea). Each flea insertion occurs in the same orientation, but at different locations within intervening sequences of the Notch locus. In contrast, each facet mutation is associated with insertion of a unique, non-flea, transposable element. Insertions producing a facet phenotype and insertions causing a glossy-like phenotype can break Notch intervening sequences at precisely the same location. This suggests that the type of insertion element rather than its position within an affected gene is the primary determinant of the phenotype observed.

Published
1986
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15. An improved filamentous helper phage for generating single-stranded plasmid DNA

Author

Simon Kidd, Mark R. Kelley, and Marjorie Russel

Subjects
Plasmid preparation, Phage display, Base Sequence, viruses, Phagemid, Genetic Vectors, DNA, Single-Stranded, General Medicine, Molecular cloning, Biology, Molecular biology, Coliphages, chemistry.chemical_compound, Plasmid, chemistry, DNA, Viral, Genetics, Cosmid, DNA Transposable Elements, Escherichia coli, Nucleic Acid Conformation, DNA, In vitro recombination, Plasmids
Abstract

Gene cloning in plasmid vectors that contain a filamentous phage intergenic region presents several advantages. However, technical difficulties have been a problem, primarily low yields of packaged single stranded (ss) plasmid DNA from the rapid, small scale procedures usually employed, and ambiguities in sequencing reactions attributed to the contamination by helper phage ss DNA. We report here the construction and some properties of a new f1 helper phage. Using this phage, R408, plasmid ss DNA is packaged and exported preferentially over phage ss DNA, and the absolute yield of plasmid ss DNA is usually increased.

Published
1986

16. Structure and distribution of the Notch protein in developing Drosophila

Author

Simon Kidd, Gregory Gasic, Michael W. Young, and Mary K. Baylies

Subjects
Mesoderm, animal structures, Cellular differentiation, Notch signaling pathway, Ectoderm, Biology, Neuroblast, Genetics, medicine, Animals, Tissue Distribution, Phosphorylation, Membrane Glycoproteins, Epidermal Growth Factor, Neurogenesis, Cell Membrane, Cell Differentiation, Embryonic stem cell, Cell biology, Molecular Weight, medicine.anatomical_structure, Notch proteins, embryonic structures, Mutation, Drosophila, Developmental Biology
Abstract

Antibodies to Notch show that it is a stable, high-molecular-weight transmembrane glycoprotein, with epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like elements exposed on the cell surface. The protein is phosphorylated variably on serines of the cytoplasmic domain. Individual Notch polypeptide chains appear to be associated with one another by disulfide bonds, suggesting that homotypic interaction of these proteins is required for function. Immunocytochemistry has revealed striking features of Notch expression that might clarify its function: Cells of the ventral neurogenic ectoderm become conspicuously labeled with the protein prior to embryonic neurogenesis, and Notch appears to be associated with cells destined for both neural and epidermal lineages. High levels of Notch become restricted to neuroblasts as they delaminate from the embryonic ectoderm and are apposed to mesoderm. Mesodermal cells express Notch also, suggesting a possible involvement in neurogenesis, or an unknown role in mesoderm differentiation. In larvae and pupae, a correlation of expression and neuroblast mitotic activity is seen for many cells. Notch produced by a dividing neuroblast may persist on derivative cells, including terminally differentiated neurons and nerve processes. In the larval eye imaginal disk, strong Notch expression appears in the morphogenetic furrow, uniformly on cell surfaces as they cluster to form ommatidia. Expression persists on ommatidia after release from the furrow. These patterns suggest a role for Notch in position-dependent development in both initiation and maintenance of cell-surface interactions. In the eye and embryonic ectoderm, uniform expression on cells interacting to produce different developmental lineages from a single primordium suggests that Notch alone may not be sufficient to elaborate cell fates.

Published
1989

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