Author: "Simmons, Benno I." - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

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1. Towards Scalable Insect Monitoring: Ultra-Lightweight CNNs as On-Device Triggers for Insect Camera Traps

Author: Gardiner, Ross, Rowands, Sareh, and Simmons, Benno I.
Subjects: Quantitative Biology - Quantitative Methods, Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Computer Science - Machine Learning, Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Image and Video Processing
Abstract: Camera traps, combined with AI, have emerged as a way to achieve automated, scalable biodiversity monitoring. However, the passive infrared (PIR) sensors that trigger camera traps are poorly suited for detecting small, fast-moving ectotherms such as insects. Insects comprise over half of all animal species and are key components of ecosystems and agriculture. The need for an appropriate and scalable insect camera trap is critical in the wake of concerning reports of declines in insect populations. This study proposes an alternative to the PIR trigger: ultra-lightweight convolutional neural networks running on low-powered hardware to detect insects in a continuous stream of captured images. We train a suite of models to distinguish insect images from backgrounds. Our design achieves zero latency between trigger and image capture. Our models are rigorously tested and achieve high accuracy ranging from 91.8% to 96.4% AUC on validation data and >87% AUC on data from distributions unseen during training. The high specificity of our models ensures minimal saving of false positive images, maximising deployment storage efficiency. High recall scores indicate a minimal false negative rate, maximising insect detection. Further analysis with saliency maps shows the learned representation of our models to be robust, with low reliance on spurious background features. Our system is also shown to operate deployed on off-the-shelf, low-powered microcontroller units, consuming a maximum power draw of less than 300mW. This enables longer deployment times using cheap and readily available battery components. Overall we offer a step change in the cost, efficiency and scope of insect monitoring. Solving the challenging trigger problem, we demonstrate a system which can be deployed for far longer than existing designs and budgets power and bandwidth effectively, moving towards a generic insect camera trap.
Published: 2024

2. DustNet: skillful neural network predictions of Saharan dust

Author: Nowak, Trish E., Augousti, Andy T., Simmons, Benno I., and Siegert, Stefan
Subjects: Physics - Geophysics, Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence, Physics - Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics, Physics - Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability, 86-06(Primary), 86A10(Secondary), J.2, I.2.1, I.2.7
Abstract: Suspended in the atmosphere are millions of tonnes of mineral dust which interacts with weather and climate. Accurate representation of mineral dust in weather models is vital, yet remains challenging. Large scale weather models use high power supercomputers and take hours to complete the forecast. Such computational burden allows them to only include monthly climatological means of mineral dust as input states inhibiting their forecasting accuracy. Here, we introduce DustNet a simple, accurate and super fast forecasting model for 24-hours ahead predictions of aerosol optical depth AOD. DustNet trains in less than 8 minutes and creates predictions in 2 seconds on a desktop computer. Created by DustNet predictions outperform the state-of-the-art physics-based model on coarse 1 x 1 degree resolution at 95% of grid locations when compared to ground truth satellite data. Our results show DustNet has a potential for fast and accurate AOD forecasting which could transform our understanding of dust impacts on weather patterns., Comment: 34 pages, 9 figures, uses 2D CNN
Published: 2024

3. Host- plasmid network structure in wastewater is linked to antimicrobial resistance genes

Author: Risely, Alice, Newbury, Arthur, Stalder, Thibault, Simmons, Benno I., Top, Eva M., Buckling, Angus, and Sanders, Dirk
Published: 2024
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4. Plant–frugivore interactions across the Caribbean islands : Modularity, invader complexes and the importance of generalist species

Author: Vollstädt, Maximilian G. R., Galetti, Mauro, Kaiser-Bunbury, Christopher N., Simmons, Benno I., Gonçalves, Fernando, Morales-Pérez, Alcides L., Navarro, Luis, Tarazona-Tubens, Fabio L., Schubert, Spencer, Carlo, Tomas, Salazar, Jackeline, Faife-Cabrera, Michel, Strong, Allan, Madden, Hannah, Mitchell, Adam, and Dalsgaard, Bo
Published: 2022

5. Quantifying Earth system interactions for sustainable food production via expert elicitation

Author: Chrysafi, Anna, Virkki, Vili, Jalava, Mika, Sandström, Vilma, Piipponen, Johannes, Porkka, Miina, Lade, Steven J., La Mere, Kelsey, Wang-Erlandsson, Lan, Scherer, Laura, Andersen, Lauren S., Bennett, Elena, Brauman, Kate A., Cooper, Gregory S., De Palma, Adriana, Döll, Petra, Downing, Andrea S., DuBois, Timothy C., Fetzer, Ingo, Fulton, Elizabeth A., Gerten, Dieter, Jaafar, Hadi, Jägermeyr, Jonas, Jaramillo, Fernando, Jung, Martin, Kahiluoto, Helena, Lassaletta, Luis, Mackay, Anson W., Mason-D’Croz, Daniel, Mekonnen, Mesfin M., Nash, Kirsty L., Pastor, Amandine V., Ramankutty, Navin, Ridoutt, Brad, Siebert, Stefan, Simmons, Benno I., Staal, Arie, Sun, Zhongxiao, Tobian, Arne, Usubiaga-Liaño, Arkaitz, van der Ent, Ruud J., van Soesbergen, Arnout, Verburg, Peter H., Wada, Yoshihide, Zipper, Sam, and Kummu, Matti
Published: 2022
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6. Protected areas have a mixed impact on waterbirds, but management helps

Author: Wauchope, Hannah S., Jones, Julia P. G., Geldmann, Jonas, Simmons, Benno I., Amano, Tatsuya, Blanco, Daniel E., Fuller, Richard A., Johnston, Alison, Langendoen, Tom, Mundkur, Taej, Nagy, Szabolcs, and Sutherland, William J.
Published: 2022
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7. Hurricane‐induced pollinator shifts in a tightly coadapted plant–hummingbird mutualism.

Author: Schrøder, Taia S. O., Gonçalves, Fernando, Vollstädt, Maximilian G. R., Zhang, Tianying, Jensen, Rasmus D., Tarazona‐Tubens, Fabio L., Kim, Seokmin, Galetti, Mauro, Simmons, Benno I., Kaiser‐Bunbury, Christopher N., Temeles, Ethan J., and Dalsgaard, Bo
Subjects: POLLEN, COMPETITION (Biology), RESOURCE availability (Ecology), PLANT reproduction, ENDANGERED species
Abstract: This article explores the effects of hurricanes on the relationship between plants and pollinators in the Caribbean. Specifically, it examines the impact of Hurricane Maria on the mutualism between two species of Heliconia plants and the purple-throated carib hummingbird. Before the hurricane, this mutualism was highly specialized, but afterwards, other hummingbird species and a generalized passerine pollinator began visiting the Heliconia flowers at similar rates. This suggests that the population decline of the purple-throated carib allowed for increased visitation by other species, leading to a breakdown in competitive exclusion. The study also raises concerns about the conservation of these relationships in the face of increasing hurricane frequency and intensity due to global warming. [Extracted from the article]
Published: 2024
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8. Trait evolution, resource specialization and vulnerability to plant extinctions among Antillean hummingbirds

Author: Dalsgaard, Bo, Kennedy, Jonathan D, Simmons, Benno I, Baquero, Andrea C, González, Ana M Martín, Timmermann, Allan, Maruyama, Pietro K, McGuire, Jimmy A, Ollerton, Jeff, Sutherland, William J, and Rahbek, Carsten
Subjects: Life Below Water, Animals, Beak, Biological Evolution, Birds, Body Size, Confidence Intervals, Extinction, Biological, Flowers, Linear Models, Plant Nectar, Pollination, Species Specificity, Temperature, West Indies, island biology, mountains, mutualistic networks, endemics, specialization, taxon cycles, Biological Sciences, Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences
Abstract: Species traits are thought to predict feeding specialization and the vulnerability of a species to extinctions of interaction partners, but the context in which a species evolved and currently inhabits may also matter. Notably, the predictive power of traits may require that traits evolved to fit interaction partners. Furthermore, local abiotic and biotic conditions may be important. On islands, for instance, specialized and vulnerable species are predicted to be found mainly in mountains, whereas species in lowlands should be generalized and less vulnerable. We evaluated these predictions for hummingbirds and their nectar-food plants on Antillean islands. Our results suggest that the rates of hummingbird trait divergence were higher among ancestral mainland forms before the colonization of the Antilles. In correspondence with the limited trait evolution that occurred within the Antilles, local abiotic and biotic conditions-not species traits-correlate with hummingbird resource specialization and the vulnerability of hummingbirds to extinctions of their floral resources. Specifically, hummingbirds were more specialized and vulnerable in conditions with high topographical complexity, high rainfall, low temperatures and high floral resource richness, which characterize the Antillean Mountains. These findings show that resource specialization and species vulnerability to extinctions of interaction partners are highly context-dependent.
Published: 2018

9. Sea stack plots: Replacing bar charts with histograms

Author: Stuart, Alice Dorothy, primary, Ilić, Maja, additional, Simmons, Benno I., additional, and Sutherland, William J., additional
Published: 2024
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10. Refocusing multiple stressor research around the targets and scales of ecological impacts

Author: Simmons, Benno I., Blyth, Penelope S. A., Blanchard, Julia L., Clegg, Tom, Delmas, Eva, Garnier, Aurélie, Griffiths, Christopher A., Jacob, Ute, Pennekamp, Frank, Petchey, Owen L., Poisot, Timothée, Webb, Thomas J., and Beckerman, Andrew P.
Published: 2021
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11. The database of the PREDICTS (Projecting Responses of Ecological Diversity In Changing Terrestrial Systems) project.

Author: Hudson, Lawrence N, Newbold, Tim, Contu, Sara, Hill, Samantha LL, Lysenko, Igor, De Palma, Adriana, Phillips, Helen RP, Alhusseini, Tamera I, Bedford, Felicity E, Bennett, Dominic J, Booth, Hollie, Burton, Victoria J, Chng, Charlotte WT, Choimes, Argyrios, Correia, David LP, Day, Julie, Echeverría-Londoño, Susy, Emerson, Susan R, Gao, Di, Garon, Morgan, Harrison, Michelle LK, Ingram, Daniel J, Jung, Martin, Kemp, Victoria, Kirkpatrick, Lucinda, Martin, Callum D, Pan, Yuan, Pask-Hale, Gwilym D, Pynegar, Edwin L, Robinson, Alexandra N, Sanchez-Ortiz, Katia, Senior, Rebecca A, Simmons, Benno I, White, Hannah J, Zhang, Hanbin, Aben, Job, Abrahamczyk, Stefan, Adum, Gilbert B, Aguilar-Barquero, Virginia, Aizen, Marcelo A, Albertos, Belén, Alcala, EL, Del Mar Alguacil, Maria, Alignier, Audrey, Ancrenaz, Marc, Andersen, Alan N, Arbeláez-Cortés, Enrique, Armbrecht, Inge, Arroyo-Rodríguez, Víctor, Aumann, Tom, Axmacher, Jan C, Azhar, Badrul, Azpiroz, Adrián B, Baeten, Lander, Bakayoko, Adama, Báldi, András, Banks, John E, Baral, Sharad K, Barlow, Jos, Barratt, Barbara IP, Barrico, Lurdes, Bartolommei, Paola, Barton, Diane M, Basset, Yves, Batáry, Péter, Bates, Adam J, Baur, Bruno, Bayne, Erin M, Beja, Pedro, Benedick, Suzan, Berg, Åke, Bernard, Henry, Berry, Nicholas J, Bhatt, Dinesh, Bicknell, Jake E, Bihn, Jochen H, Blake, Robin J, Bobo, Kadiri S, Bóçon, Roberto, Boekhout, Teun, Böhning-Gaese, Katrin, Bonham, Kevin J, Borges, Paulo AV, Borges, Sérgio H, Boutin, Céline, Bouyer, Jérémy, Bragagnolo, Cibele, Brandt, Jodi S, Brearley, Francis Q, Brito, Isabel, Bros, Vicenç, Brunet, Jörg, Buczkowski, Grzegorz, Buddle, Christopher M, Bugter, Rob, Buscardo, Erika, Buse, Jörn, Cabra-García, Jimmy, Cáceres, Nilton C, and Cagle, Nicolette L
Subjects: data sharing, global biodiversity modeling, global change, habitat destruction, land use, Ecology, Evolutionary Biology
Abstract: The PREDICTS project-Projecting Responses of Ecological Diversity In Changing Terrestrial Systems (www.predicts.org.uk)-has collated from published studies a large, reasonably representative database of comparable samples of biodiversity from multiple sites that differ in the nature or intensity of human impacts relating to land use. We have used this evidence base to develop global and regional statistical models of how local biodiversity responds to these measures. We describe and make freely available this 2016 release of the database, containing more than 3.2 million records sampled at over 26,000 locations and representing over 47,000 species. We outline how the database can help in answering a range of questions in ecology and conservation biology. To our knowledge, this is the largest and most geographically and taxonomically representative database of spatial comparisons of biodiversity that has been collated to date; it will be useful to researchers and international efforts wishing to model and understand the global status of biodiversity.
Published: 2017

12. Limited potential for bird migration to disperse plants to cooler latitudes

Author: González-Varo, Juan P., Rumeu, Beatriz, Albrecht, Jörg, Arroyo, Juan M., Bueno, Rafael S., Burgos, Tamara, da Silva, Luís P., Escribano-Ávila, Gema, Farwig, Nina, García, Daniel, Heleno, Ruben H., Illera, Juan C., Jordano, Pedro, Kurek, Przemysław, Simmons, Benno I., Virgós, Emilio, Sutherland, William J., and Traveset, Anna
Published: 2021
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13. Evaluating Impact Using Time-Series Data

Author: Wauchope, Hannah S., Amano, Tatsuya, Geldmann, Jonas, Johnston, Alison, Simmons, Benno I., Sutherland, William J., and Jones, Julia P.G.
Published: 2021
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14. Policy windows for the environment: Tips for improving the uptake of scientific knowledge

Author: Rose, David C., Mukherjee, Nibedita, Simmons, Benno I., Tew, Eleanor R., Robertson, Rebecca J., Vadrot, Alice B.M., Doubleday, Robert, and Sutherland, William J.
Published: 2020
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15. Correction to ‘Trait evolution, resource specialization and vulnerability to plant extinctions among Antillean hummingbirds’

Author: Dalsgaard, Bo, Kennedy, Jonathan D., Simmons, Benno I., Baquero, Andrea C., González, Ana M. Martín, Timmermann, Allan, Maruyama, Pietro K., McGuire, Jimmy A., Ollerton, Jeff, Sutherland, William J., and Rahbek, Carsten
Published: 2019

16. Pressure to publish introduces large‐language model risks.

Author: Johnson, Thomas F., Simmons, Benno I., Millard, Joseph, Strydom, Tanya, Danet, Alain, Sweeny, Amy R., and Evans, Luke C.
Subjects: ACADEMIC employment, RESEARCH personnel, COMPUTER hacking
Abstract: Large‐language models (LLMs) have the potential to accelerate research in ecology and evolution, cultivating new insights and innovation. However, whilst revelling in the plethora of opportunities, researchers need to consider that LLM use could also introduce risks.An important piece of context underpinning this perspective is the pressure to publish, where research careers are defined, at least partly, by publication metrics like number of papers, impact factor, citations etc. Coupled with academic employment insecurity, especially during early career, researchers may reason that LLMs are a low‐risk and high‐reward tool for publication.However, this pressure to publish can introduce risks if LLMs are used as a shortcut to game publication metrics instead of a tool to support true innovation. These risks may ultimately reduce research quality, stifle researcher development and incur reputational damage for researchers and the entire scientific record.We conclude with a series of recommendations to mitigate the magnitude of these risks and encourage researchers to apply caution whilst maximising LLM potential. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2024
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17. Stratified Evaluation of GPT’s Question Answering in Surgery Reveals Artificial Intelligence (AI) Knowledge Gaps

Author: Murphy Lonergan, Rebecca, primary, Curry, Jake, additional, Dhas, Kallpana, additional, and Simmons, Benno I, additional
Published: 2023
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18. Pollination supply models from a local to global scale

Author: Giménez-García, Angel, primary, Allen-Perkins, Alfonso, additional, Bartomeus, Ignasi, additional, Balbi, Stefano, additional, Knapp, Jessica L., additional, Hevia, Violeta, additional, Woodcock, Ben Alex, additional, Smagghe, Guy, additional, Miñarro, Marcos, additional, Eeraerts, Maxime, additional, Colville, Jonathan F., additional, Hipólito, Juliana, additional, Cavigliasso, Pablo, additional, Nates-Parra, Guiomar, additional, Herrera, José M., additional, Cusser, Sarah, additional, Simmons, Benno I., additional, Wolters, Volkmar, additional, Jha, Shalene, additional, Freitas, Breno M., additional, Horgan, Finbarr G., additional, Artz, Derek R., additional, Sidhu, C. Sheena, additional, Otieno, Mark, additional, Boreux, Virginie, additional, Biddinger, David J., additional, Klein, Alexandra-Maria, additional, Joshi, Neelendra K., additional, Stewart, Rebecca I. A., additional, Albrecht, Matthias, additional, Nicholson, Charlie C., additional, O'Reilly, Alison D., additional, Crowder, David William, additional, Burns, Katherine L. W., additional, Nabaes Jodar, Diego Nicolás, additional, Garibaldi, Lucas Alejandro, additional, Sutter, Louis, additional, Dupont, Yoko L., additional, Dalsgaard, Bo, additional, da Encarnação Coutinho, Jeferson Gabriel, additional, Lázaro, Amparo, additional, Andersson, Georg K. S., additional, Raine, Nigel E., additional, Krishnan, Smitha, additional, Dainese, Matteo, additional, van der Werf, Wopke, additional, Smith, Henrik G., additional, and Magrach, Ainhoa, additional
Published: 2023
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19. Global importance of vertebrate pollinators for plant reproductive success: a meta-analysis

Author: Ratto, Fabrizia, Simmons, Benno I, Spake, Rebecca, Zamora-Gutierrez, Veronica, MacDonald, Michael A, Merriman, Jennifer C, Tremlett, Constance J, Poppy, Guy M, Peh, Kelvin S-H, and Dicks, Lynn V
Published: 2018

20. Restoration of pollination interactions in communities invaded by non-native plants.

Author: Kaiser-Bunbury, Christopher N., primary and Simmons, Benno I., additional
Published: 2020
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21. Author Correction: The environmental costs and benefits of high-yield farming

Author: Balmford, Andrew, Amano, Tatsuya, Bartlett, Harriet, Chadwick, Dave, Collins, Adrian, Edwards, David, Field, Rob, Garnsworthy, Philip, Green, Rhys, Smith, Pete, Waters, Helen, Whitmore, Andrew, Broom, Donald M., Chara, Julian, Finch, Tom, Garnett, Emma, Gathorne-Hardy, Alfred, Hernandez-Medrano, Juan, Herrero, Mario, Hua, Fangyuan, Latawiec, Agnieszka, Misselbrook, Tom, Phalan, Ben, Simmons, Benno I., Takahashi, Taro, Vause, James, Ermgassen, Erasmus zu, and Eisner, Rowan
Published: 2019
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22. The environmental costs and benefits of high-yield farming

Author: Balmford, Andrew, Amano, Tatsuya, Bartlett, Harriet, Chadwick, Dave, Collins, Adrian, Edwards, David, Field, Rob, Garnsworthy, Philip, Green, Rhys, Smith, Pete, Waters, Helen, Whitmore, Andrew, Broom, Donald M., Chara, Julian, Finch, Tom, Garnett, Emma, Gathorne-Hardy, Alfred, Hernandez-Medrano, Juan, Herrero, Mario, Hua, Fangyuan, Latawiec, Agnieszka, Misselbrook, Tom, Phalan, Ben, Simmons, Benno I., Takahashi, Taro, Vause, James, zu Ermgassen, Erasmus, and Eisner, Rowan
Published: 2018
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23. Rapid monitoring of ecological persistence

Author: Song, Chuliang, primary, Simmons, Benno I., additional, Fortin, Marie-Josée, additional, Gonzalez, Andrew, additional, Kaiser-Bunbury, Christopher N., additional, and Saavedra, Serguei, additional
Published: 2023
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24. Pollination supply models from a local to global scale

Author: Giménez-García, Angel, Allen-Perkins, Alfonso, Bartomeus, Ignasi, Balbi, Stefano, Knapp, Jessica L., Hevia, Violeta, Woodcock, Ben Alex, Smagghe, Guy, Miñarro, Marcos, Eeraerts, Maxime, Colville, Jonathan F., Hipólito, Juliana, Cavigliasso, Pablo, Nates-Parra, Guiomar, Herrera, José M., Cusser, Sarah, Simmons, Benno I., Wolters, Volkmar, Jha, Shalene, Freitas, Breno M., Horgan, Finbarr G., Artz, Derek R., Sidhu, C. Sheena, Otieno, Mark, Boreux, Virginie, Biddinger, David J., Klein, Alexandra-Maria, Joshi, Neelendra K., Stewart, Rebecca I.A., Albrecht, Matthias, Nicholson, Charlie C., O'Reilly, Alison D., Crowder, David William, Burns, Katherine L.W., Nabaes Jodar, Diego Nicolás, Garibaldi, Lucas Alejandro, Sutter, Louis, Dupont, Yoko L., Dalsgaard, Bo, da Encarnação Coutinho, Jeferson Gabriel, Lázaro, Amparo, Andersson, Georg K.S., Raine, Nigel E., Krishnan, Smitha, Dainese, Matteo, van der Werf, Wopke, Smith, Henrik G., Magrach, Ainhoa, Giménez-García, Angel, Allen-Perkins, Alfonso, Bartomeus, Ignasi, Balbi, Stefano, Knapp, Jessica L., Hevia, Violeta, Woodcock, Ben Alex, Smagghe, Guy, Miñarro, Marcos, Eeraerts, Maxime, Colville, Jonathan F., Hipólito, Juliana, Cavigliasso, Pablo, Nates-Parra, Guiomar, Herrera, José M., Cusser, Sarah, Simmons, Benno I., Wolters, Volkmar, Jha, Shalene, Freitas, Breno M., Horgan, Finbarr G., Artz, Derek R., Sidhu, C. Sheena, Otieno, Mark, Boreux, Virginie, Biddinger, David J., Klein, Alexandra-Maria, Joshi, Neelendra K., Stewart, Rebecca I.A., Albrecht, Matthias, Nicholson, Charlie C., O'Reilly, Alison D., Crowder, David William, Burns, Katherine L.W., Nabaes Jodar, Diego Nicolás, Garibaldi, Lucas Alejandro, Sutter, Louis, Dupont, Yoko L., Dalsgaard, Bo, da Encarnação Coutinho, Jeferson Gabriel, Lázaro, Amparo, Andersson, Georg K.S., Raine, Nigel E., Krishnan, Smitha, Dainese, Matteo, van der Werf, Wopke, Smith, Henrik G., and Magrach, Ainhoa
Abstract: Ecological intensification has been embraced with great interest by the academic sector but is still rarely taken up by farmers because monitoring the state of different ecological functions is not straightforward. Modelling tools can represent a more accessible alternative of measuring ecological functions, which could help promote their use amongst farmers and other decision-makers. In the case of crop pollination, modelling has traditionally followed either a mechanistic or a data-driven approach. Mechanistic models simulate the habitat preferences and foraging behaviour of pollinators, while data-driven models associate georeferenced variables with real observations. Here, we test these two approaches to predict pollination supply and validate these predictions using data from a newly released global dataset on pollinator visitation rates to different crops. We use one of the most extensively used models for the mechanistic approach, while for the data-driven approach, we select from among a comprehensive set of state-of-the-art machine-learning models. Moreover, we explore a mixed approach, where data-derived inputs, rather than expert assessment, inform the mechanistic model. We find that, at a global scale, machine-learning models work best, offering a rank correlation coefficient between predictions and observations of pollinator visitation rates of 0.56. In turn, the mechanistic model works moderately well at a global scale for wild bees other than bumblebees. Biomes characterized by temperate or Mediterranean forests show a better agreement between mechanistic model predictions and observations, probably due to more comprehensive ecological knowledge and therefore better parameterization of input variables for these biomes. This study highlights the challenges of transferring input variables across multiple biomes, as expected given the different composition of species in different biomes. Our results provide clear guidance on which pollination supply mode
Published: 2023

25. Pollination supply models from a local to global scale

Author: Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Eusko Jaurlaritza, Comunidad de Madrid, European Commission, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Research Foundation - Flanders, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Ministerio de Universidades (España), Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Portugal), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (Brasil), Department of Agriculture (US), German Research Foundation, Irish Research Council, Swedish Research Council, Giménez-García, Ángel, Allen-Perkins, Alfonso, Bartomeus, Ignasi, Balbi, Stefano, Knapp, Jessica L., Hevia, Violeta, Woodcock, Ben Alex, Smagghe, Guy, Miñarro, Marcos, Eeraerts, Maxime, Colville, Jonathan F., Hipólito, Juliana, Cavigliasso, Pablo, Nates-Parra, Guiomar, Herrera, José M., Cusser, Sarah, Simmons, Benno I., Wolters, Volkmar, Jha, Shalene, Freitas, Breno M., Horgan, Finbarr G., Artz, Derek R., Sidhu, C. Sheena, Otieno, Mark, Boreux, Virginie, Biddinger, David J., Klein, Alexandra Maria, Joshi, Neelendra K., Stewart, Rebecca I.A., Albrecht, Matthias, Nicholson, Charlie C., O'Reilly, Alison D., Crowder, David William, Burns, Katherine L.W., Nabaes Jodar, Diego Nicolás, Garibaldi, Lucas Alejandro, Sutter, Louis, Dupont, Yoko L., Dalsgaard, Bo, Da Encarnação Coutinho, Jeferson Gabriel, Lázaro, Amparo, Andersson, Georg K. S., Raine, Nigel E., Krishnan, Smitha, Dainese, Matteo, Van Der Werf, Wopke, Smith, Henrik G., Magrach, Ainhoa, Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Eusko Jaurlaritza, Comunidad de Madrid, European Commission, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Research Foundation - Flanders, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Ministerio de Universidades (España), Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Portugal), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (Brasil), Department of Agriculture (US), German Research Foundation, Irish Research Council, Swedish Research Council, Giménez-García, Ángel, Allen-Perkins, Alfonso, Bartomeus, Ignasi, Balbi, Stefano, Knapp, Jessica L., Hevia, Violeta, Woodcock, Ben Alex, Smagghe, Guy, Miñarro, Marcos, Eeraerts, Maxime, Colville, Jonathan F., Hipólito, Juliana, Cavigliasso, Pablo, Nates-Parra, Guiomar, Herrera, José M., Cusser, Sarah, Simmons, Benno I., Wolters, Volkmar, Jha, Shalene, Freitas, Breno M., Horgan, Finbarr G., Artz, Derek R., Sidhu, C. Sheena, Otieno, Mark, Boreux, Virginie, Biddinger, David J., Klein, Alexandra Maria, Joshi, Neelendra K., Stewart, Rebecca I.A., Albrecht, Matthias, Nicholson, Charlie C., O'Reilly, Alison D., Crowder, David William, Burns, Katherine L.W., Nabaes Jodar, Diego Nicolás, Garibaldi, Lucas Alejandro, Sutter, Louis, Dupont, Yoko L., Dalsgaard, Bo, Da Encarnação Coutinho, Jeferson Gabriel, Lázaro, Amparo, Andersson, Georg K. S., Raine, Nigel E., Krishnan, Smitha, Dainese, Matteo, Van Der Werf, Wopke, Smith, Henrik G., and Magrach, Ainhoa
Abstract: Ecological intensification has been embraced with great interest by the academic sector but is still rarely taken up by farmers because monitoring the state of different ecological functions is not straightforward. Modelling tools can represent a more accessible alternative of measuring ecological functions, which could help promote their use amongst farmers and other decision-makers. In the case of crop pollination, modelling has traditionally followed either a mechanistic or a data-driven approach. Mechanistic models simulate the habitat preferences and foraging behaviour of pollinators, while data-driven models associate georeferenced variables with real observations. Here, we test these two approaches to predict pollination supply and validate these predictions using data from a newly released global dataset on pollinator visitation rates to different crops. We use one of the most extensively used models for the mechanistic approach, while for the data-driven approach, we select from among a comprehensive set of state-of-The-Art machine-learning models. Moreover, we explore a mixed approach, where data-derived inputs, rather than expert assessment, inform the mechanistic model. We find that, at a global scale, machine-learning models work best, offering a rank correlation coefficient between predictions and observations of pollinator visitation rates of 0.56. In turn, the mechanistic model works moderately well at a global scale for wild bees other than bumblebees. Biomes characterized by temperate or Mediterranean forests show a better agreement between mechanistic model predictions and observations, probably due to more comprehensive ecological knowledge and therefore better parameterization of input variables for these biomes. This study highlights the challenges of transferring input variables across multiple biomes, as expected given the different composition of species in different biomes. Our results provide clear guidance on which pollination supply mode
Published: 2023

26. Has land use pushed terrestrial biodiversity beyond the planetary boundary? A global assessment

Author: Newbold, Tim, Hudson, Lawrence N., Arnell, Andrew P., Contu, Sara, De Palma, Adriana, Ferrier, Simon, Hill, Samantha L. L., Hoskins, Andrew J., Lysenko, Igor, Phillips, Helen R. P., Burton, Victoria J., Chng, Charlotte W. T., Emerson, Susan, Di, Gao, Pask-Hale, Gwilym, Hutton, Jon, Jung, Martin, Sanchez-Ortiz, Katia, Simmons, Benno I., Whitmee, Sarah, Zhang, Hanbin, Scharlemann, Jörn P. W., and Purvis, Andy
Published: 2016

27. Generalism drives abundance: A computational causal discovery approach

Author: Song, Chuliang, primary, Simmons, Benno I., additional, Fortin, Marie-Josée, additional, and Gonzalez, Andrew, additional
Published: 2022
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28. Rapid monitoring for ecological persistence

Author: Song, Chuliang, primary, Simmons, Benno I., additional, Fortin, Marie-Josée, additional, Gonzalez, Andrew, additional, Kaiser-Bunbury, Christopher N., additional, and Saavedra, Serguei, additional
Published: 2022
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29. CropPol: a dynamic, open and global database on crop pollination

Author: Allen-Perkins, Alfonso, Magrach, Ainhoa, Dainese, Matteo, Garibaldi, Lucas A., Kleijn, David, Rader, Romina, Reilly, James R., Winfree, Rachael, Lundin, Ola, McGrady, Carley M., Brittain, Claire, Biddinger, David J., Artz, Derek R., Elle, Elizabeth, Hoffman, George, Ellis, James D., Daniels, Jaret, Gibbs, Jason, Campbell, Joshua W., Brokaw, Julia, Wilson, Julianna K., Mason, Keith, Ward, Kimiora L., Gundersen, Knute B., Bobiwash, Kyle, Gut, Larry, Rowe, Logan M., Boyle, Natalie K., Williams, Neal M., Joshi, Neelendra K., Rothwell, Nikki, Gillespie, Robert L., Isaacs, Rufus, Fleischer, Shelby J., Peterson, Stephen S., Rao, Sujaya, Pitts-Singer, Theresa L., Fijen, Thijs, Boreux, Virginie, Rundlöf, Maj, Viana, Blandina Felipe, Klein, Alexandra-Maria, Smith, Henrik G., Bommarco, Riccardo, Carvalheiro, Luísa G., Ricketts, Taylor H., Ghazoul, Jaboury, Krishnan, Smitha, Benjamin, Faye E., Loureiro, João, Castro, Sílvia, Raine, Nigel E., de Groot, Gerard Arjen, Horgan, Finbarr G., Hipólito, Juliana, Smagghe, Guy, Meeus, Ivan, Eeraerts, Maxime, Potts, Simon G., Kremen, Claire, García, Daniel, Miñarro, Marcos, Crowder, David W., Pisanty, Gideon, Mandelik, Yael, Vereecken, Nicolas J., Leclercq, Nicolas, Weekers, Timothy, Lindstrom, Sandra A. M., Stanley, Dara A., Zaragoza-Trello, Carlos, Nicholson, Charlie C., Scheper, Jeroen, Rad, Carlos, Marks, Evan A. N., Mota, Lucie, Danforth, Bryan, Park, Mia, Bezerra, Antônio Diego M., Freitas, Breno M., Mallinger, Rachel E., da Silva, Fabiana Oliveira, Willcox, Bryony, Ramos, Davi L., da Silva e Silva, Felipe D., Lázaro, Amparo, Alomar, David, González-Estévez, Miguel A., Taki, Hisatomo, Cariveau, Daniel P., Garratt, Michael P. D., Nabaes Jodar, Diego N., Stewart, Rebecca I. A., Ariza, Daniel, Pisman, Matti, Lichtenberg, Elinor M., Schüepp, Christof, Herzog, Felix, Entling, Martin H., Dupont, Yoko L., Michener, Charles D., Daily, Gretchen C., Ehrlich, Paul R., Burns, Katherine L. W., Vilà, Montserrat, Robson, Andrew, Howlett, Brad, Blechschmidt, Leah, Jauker, Frank, Schwarzbach, Franziska, Nesper, Maike, Diekötter, Tim, Wolters, Volkmar, Castro, Helena, Gaspar, Hugo, Nault, Brian A., Badenhausser, Isabelle, Petersen, Jessica D., Tscharntke, Teja, Bretagnolle, Vincent, Chan, D. Susan Willis, Chacoff, Natacha, Andersson, Georg K. S., Jha, Shalene, Colville, Jonathan F., Veldtman, Ruan, Coutinho, Jeferson, Bianchi, Felix J. J. A., Sutter, Louis, Albrecht, Matthias, Jeanneret, Philippe, Zou, Yi, Averill, Anne L., Saez, Agustin, Sciligo, Amber R., Vergara, Carlos H., Bloom, Elias H., Oeller, Elisabeth, Badano, Ernesto I., Loeb, Gregory M., Grab, Heather, Ekroos, Johan, Gagic, Vesna, Cunningham, Saul A., Aström, Jens, Cavigliasso, Pablo, Trillo, Alejandro, Classen, Alice, Mauchline, Alice L., Montero-Castaño, Ana, Wilby, Andrew, Woodcock, Ben A., Sidhu, C. Sheena, Steffan-Dewenter, Ingolf, Vogiatzakis, Ioannis N., Herrera, José M., Otieno, Mark, Gikungu, Mary W., Cusser, Sarah J., Nauss, Thomas, Nilsson, Lovisa, Knapp, Jessica, Ortega-Marcos, Jorge J., González, José A., Osborne, Juliet L., Blanche, Rosalind, Shaw, Rosalind F., Hevia, Violeta, Stout, Jane, Arthur, Anthony D., Blochtein, Betina, Szentgyorgyi, Hajnalka, Li, Jin, Mayfield, Margaret M., Woyciechowski, Michał, Nunes-Silva, Patrícia, de Oliveira, Rosana Halinski, Henry, Steve, Simmons, Benno I., Dalsgaard, Bo, Hansen, Katrine, Sritongchuay, Tuanjit, O'Reilly, Alison D., García, Fermín José Chamorro, Parra, Guiomar Nates, Pigozo, Camila Magalhães, Bartomeus, Ignasi, Allen-Perkins, Alfonso, Magrach, Ainhoa, Dainese, Matteo, Garibaldi, Lucas A., Kleijn, David, Rader, Romina, Reilly, James R., Winfree, Rachael, Lundin, Ola, McGrady, Carley M., Brittain, Claire, Biddinger, David J., Artz, Derek R., Elle, Elizabeth, Hoffman, George, Ellis, James D., Daniels, Jaret, Gibbs, Jason, Campbell, Joshua W., Brokaw, Julia, Wilson, Julianna K., Mason, Keith, Ward, Kimiora L., Gundersen, Knute B., Bobiwash, Kyle, Gut, Larry, Rowe, Logan M., Boyle, Natalie K., Williams, Neal M., Joshi, Neelendra K., Rothwell, Nikki, Gillespie, Robert L., Isaacs, Rufus, Fleischer, Shelby J., Peterson, Stephen S., Rao, Sujaya, Pitts-Singer, Theresa L., Fijen, Thijs, Boreux, Virginie, Rundlöf, Maj, Viana, Blandina Felipe, Klein, Alexandra-Maria, Smith, Henrik G., Bommarco, Riccardo, Carvalheiro, Luísa G., Ricketts, Taylor H., Ghazoul, Jaboury, Krishnan, Smitha, Benjamin, Faye E., Loureiro, João, Castro, Sílvia, Raine, Nigel E., de Groot, Gerard Arjen, Horgan, Finbarr G., Hipólito, Juliana, Smagghe, Guy, Meeus, Ivan, Eeraerts, Maxime, Potts, Simon G., Kremen, Claire, García, Daniel, Miñarro, Marcos, Crowder, David W., Pisanty, Gideon, Mandelik, Yael, Vereecken, Nicolas J., Leclercq, Nicolas, Weekers, Timothy, Lindstrom, Sandra A. M., Stanley, Dara A., Zaragoza-Trello, Carlos, Nicholson, Charlie C., Scheper, Jeroen, Rad, Carlos, Marks, Evan A. N., Mota, Lucie, Danforth, Bryan, Park, Mia, Bezerra, Antônio Diego M., Freitas, Breno M., Mallinger, Rachel E., da Silva, Fabiana Oliveira, Willcox, Bryony, Ramos, Davi L., da Silva e Silva, Felipe D., Lázaro, Amparo, Alomar, David, González-Estévez, Miguel A., Taki, Hisatomo, Cariveau, Daniel P., Garratt, Michael P. D., Nabaes Jodar, Diego N., Stewart, Rebecca I. A., Ariza, Daniel, Pisman, Matti, Lichtenberg, Elinor M., Schüepp, Christof, Herzog, Felix, Entling, Martin H., Dupont, Yoko L., Michener, Charles D., Daily, Gretchen C., Ehrlich, Paul R., Burns, Katherine L. W., Vilà, Montserrat, Robson, Andrew, Howlett, Brad, Blechschmidt, Leah, Jauker, Frank, Schwarzbach, Franziska, Nesper, Maike, Diekötter, Tim, Wolters, Volkmar, Castro, Helena, Gaspar, Hugo, Nault, Brian A., Badenhausser, Isabelle, Petersen, Jessica D., Tscharntke, Teja, Bretagnolle, Vincent, Chan, D. Susan Willis, Chacoff, Natacha, Andersson, Georg K. S., Jha, Shalene, Colville, Jonathan F., Veldtman, Ruan, Coutinho, Jeferson, Bianchi, Felix J. J. A., Sutter, Louis, Albrecht, Matthias, Jeanneret, Philippe, Zou, Yi, Averill, Anne L., Saez, Agustin, Sciligo, Amber R., Vergara, Carlos H., Bloom, Elias H., Oeller, Elisabeth, Badano, Ernesto I., Loeb, Gregory M., Grab, Heather, Ekroos, Johan, Gagic, Vesna, Cunningham, Saul A., Aström, Jens, Cavigliasso, Pablo, Trillo, Alejandro, Classen, Alice, Mauchline, Alice L., Montero-Castaño, Ana, Wilby, Andrew, Woodcock, Ben A., Sidhu, C. Sheena, Steffan-Dewenter, Ingolf, Vogiatzakis, Ioannis N., Herrera, José M., Otieno, Mark, Gikungu, Mary W., Cusser, Sarah J., Nauss, Thomas, Nilsson, Lovisa, Knapp, Jessica, Ortega-Marcos, Jorge J., González, José A., Osborne, Juliet L., Blanche, Rosalind, Shaw, Rosalind F., Hevia, Violeta, Stout, Jane, Arthur, Anthony D., Blochtein, Betina, Szentgyorgyi, Hajnalka, Li, Jin, Mayfield, Margaret M., Woyciechowski, Michał, Nunes-Silva, Patrícia, de Oliveira, Rosana Halinski, Henry, Steve, Simmons, Benno I., Dalsgaard, Bo, Hansen, Katrine, Sritongchuay, Tuanjit, O'Reilly, Alison D., García, Fermín José Chamorro, Parra, Guiomar Nates, Pigozo, Camila Magalhães, and Bartomeus, Ignasi
Abstract: Seventy five percent of the world's food crops benefit from insect pollination. Hence, there has been increased interest in how global change drivers impact this critical ecosystem service. Because standardized data on crop pollination are rarely available, we are limited in our capacity to understand the variation in pollination benefits to crop yield, as well as to anticipate changes in this service, develop predictions, and inform management actions. Here, we present CropPol, a dynamic, open and global database on crop pollination. It contains measurements recorded from 202 crop studies, covering 3,394 field observations, 2,552 yield measurements (i.e. berry weight, number of fruits and kg per hectare, among others), and 47,752 insect records from 48 commercial crops distributed around the globe. CropPol comprises 32 of the 87 leading global crops and commodities that are pollinator dependent. Malus domestica is the most represented crop (32 studies), followed by Brassica napus (22 studies), Vaccinium corymbosum (13 studies), and Citrullus lanatus (12 studies). The most abundant pollinator guilds recorded are honey bees (34.22% counts), bumblebees (19.19%), flies other than Syrphidae and Bombyliidae (13.18%), other wild bees (13.13%), beetles (10.97%), Syrphidae (4.87%), and Bombyliidae (0.05%). Locations comprise 34 countries distributed among Europe (76 studies), Northern America (60), Latin America and the Caribbean (29), Asia (20), Oceania (10), and Africa (7). Sampling spans three decades and is concentrated on 2001-05 (21 studies), 2006-10 (40), 2011-15 (88), and 2016-20 (50). This is the most comprehensive open global data set on measurements of crop flower visitors, crop pollinators and pollination to date, and we encourage researchers to add more datasets to this database in the future. This data set is released for non-commercial use only. Credits should be given to this paper (i.e., proper citation), and the products generated with this database should
Published: 2022

30. CropPol:A dynamic, open and global database on crop pollination

Author: Allen‐Perkins, Alfonso, Magrach, Ainhoa, Dainese, Matteo, Garibaldi, Lucas A., Kleijn, David, Rader, Romina, Reilly, James R., Winfree, Rachael, Lundin, Ola, McGrady, Carley M., Brittain, Claire, Biddinger, David J., Artz, Derek R., Elle, Elizabeth, Hoffman, George, Ellis, James D., Daniels, Jaret, Gibbs, Jason, Campbell, Joshua W., Brokaw, Julia, Wilson, Julianna K., Mason, Keith, Ward, Kimiora L., Gundersen, Knute B., Bobiwash, Kyle, Gut, Larry, Rowe, Logan M., Boyle, Natalie K., Williams, Neal M., Joshi, Neelendra K., Rothwell, Nikki, Gillespie, Robert L., Isaacs, Rufus, Fleischer, Shelby J., Peterson, Stephen S., Rao, Sujaya, Pitts‐Singer, Theresa L., Fijen, Thijs, Boreux, Virginie, Rundlöf, Maj, Viana, Blandina Felipe, Klein, Alexandra‐Maria, Smith, Henrik G., Bommarco, Riccardo, Carvalheiro, Luísa G., Ricketts, Taylor H., Ghazoul, Jaboury, Krishnan, Smitha, Benjamin, Faye E., Loureiro, João, Castro, Sílvia, Raine, Nigel E., Groot, Gerard Arjen, Horgan, Finbarr G., Hipólito, Juliana, Smagghe, Guy, Meeus, Ivan, Eeraerts, Maxime, Potts, Simon G., Kremen, Claire, García, Daniel, Miñarro, Marcos, Crowder, David W., Pisanty, Gideon, Mandelik, Yael, Vereecken, Nicolas J., Leclercq, Nicolas, Weekers, Timothy, Lindstrom, Sandra A. M., Stanley, Dara A., Zaragoza‐Trello, Carlos, Nicholson, Charlie C., Scheper, Jeroen, Rad, Carlos, Marks, Evan A. N., Mota, Lucie, Danforth, Bryan, Park, Mia, Bezerra, Antônio Diego M., Freitas, Breno M., Mallinger, Rachel E., Oliveira da Silva, Fabiana, Willcox, Bryony, Ramos, Davi L., D. da Silva e Silva, Felipe, Lázaro, Amparo, Alomar, David, González‐Estévez, Miguel A., Taki, Hisatomo, Cariveau, Daniel P., Garratt, Michael P. D., Nabaes Jodar, Diego N., Stewart, Rebecca I. A., Ariza, Daniel, Pisman, Matti, Lichtenberg, Elinor M., Schüepp, Christof, Herzog, Felix, Entling, Martin H., Dupont, Yoko L., Michener, Charles D., Daily, Gretchen C., Ehrlich, Paul R., Burns, Katherine L. W., Vilà, Montserrat, Robson, Andrew, Howlett, Brad, Blechschmidt, Leah, Jauker, Frank, Schwarzbach, Franziska, Nesper, Maike, Diekötter, Tim, Wolters, Volkmar, Castro, Helena, Gaspar, Hugo, Nault, Brian A., Badenhausser, Isabelle, Petersen, Jessica D., Tscharntke, Teja, Bretagnolle, Vincent, Willis Chan, D. Susan, Chacoff, Natacha, Andersson, Georg K. S., Jha, Shalene, Colville, Jonathan F., Veldtman, Ruan, Coutinho, Jeferson, Bianchi, Felix J. J. A., Sutter, Louis, Albrecht, Matthias, Jeanneret, Philippe, Zou, Yi, Averill, Anne L., Saez, Agustin, Sciligo, Amber R., Vergara, Carlos H., Bloom, Elias H., Oeller, Elisabeth, Badano, Ernesto I., Loeb, Gregory M., Grab, Heather, Ekroos, Johan, Gagic, Vesna, Cunningham, Saul A., Åström, Jens, Cavigliasso, Pablo, Trillo, Alejandro, Classen, Alice, Mauchline, Alice L., Montero‐Castaño, Ana, Wilby, Andrew, Woodcock, Ben A., Sidhu, C. Sheena, Steffan‐Dewenter, Ingolf, Vogiatzakis, Ioannis N., Herrera, José M., Otieno, Mark, Gikungu, Mary W., Cusser, Sarah J., Nauss, Thomas, Nilsson, Lovisa, Knapp, Jessica, Ortega‐Marcos, Jorge J., González, José A., Osborne, Juliet L., Blanche, Rosalind, Shaw, Rosalind F., Hevia, Violeta, Stout, Jane, Arthur, Anthony D., Blochtein, Betina, Szentgyorgyi, Hajnalka, Li, Jin, Mayfield, Margaret M., Woyciechowski, Michał, Nunes‐Silva, Patrícia, Halinski de Oliveira, Rosana, Henry, Steve, Simmons, Benno I., Dalsgaard, Bo, Hansen, Katrine, Sritongchuay, Tuanjit, O'Reilly, Alison D., Chamorro García, Fermín José, Nates Parra, Guiomar, Magalhães Pigozo, Camila, Bartomeus, Ignasi, Allen‐Perkins, Alfonso, Magrach, Ainhoa, Dainese, Matteo, Garibaldi, Lucas A., Kleijn, David, Rader, Romina, Reilly, James R., Winfree, Rachael, Lundin, Ola, McGrady, Carley M., Brittain, Claire, Biddinger, David J., Artz, Derek R., Elle, Elizabeth, Hoffman, George, Ellis, James D., Daniels, Jaret, Gibbs, Jason, Campbell, Joshua W., Brokaw, Julia, Wilson, Julianna K., Mason, Keith, Ward, Kimiora L., Gundersen, Knute B., Bobiwash, Kyle, Gut, Larry, Rowe, Logan M., Boyle, Natalie K., Williams, Neal M., Joshi, Neelendra K., Rothwell, Nikki, Gillespie, Robert L., Isaacs, Rufus, Fleischer, Shelby J., Peterson, Stephen S., Rao, Sujaya, Pitts‐Singer, Theresa L., Fijen, Thijs, Boreux, Virginie, Rundlöf, Maj, Viana, Blandina Felipe, Klein, Alexandra‐Maria, Smith, Henrik G., Bommarco, Riccardo, Carvalheiro, Luísa G., Ricketts, Taylor H., Ghazoul, Jaboury, Krishnan, Smitha, Benjamin, Faye E., Loureiro, João, Castro, Sílvia, Raine, Nigel E., Groot, Gerard Arjen, Horgan, Finbarr G., Hipólito, Juliana, Smagghe, Guy, Meeus, Ivan, Eeraerts, Maxime, Potts, Simon G., Kremen, Claire, García, Daniel, Miñarro, Marcos, Crowder, David W., Pisanty, Gideon, Mandelik, Yael, Vereecken, Nicolas J., Leclercq, Nicolas, Weekers, Timothy, Lindstrom, Sandra A. M., Stanley, Dara A., Zaragoza‐Trello, Carlos, Nicholson, Charlie C., Scheper, Jeroen, Rad, Carlos, Marks, Evan A. N., Mota, Lucie, Danforth, Bryan, Park, Mia, Bezerra, Antônio Diego M., Freitas, Breno M., Mallinger, Rachel E., Oliveira da Silva, Fabiana, Willcox, Bryony, Ramos, Davi L., D. da Silva e Silva, Felipe, Lázaro, Amparo, Alomar, David, González‐Estévez, Miguel A., Taki, Hisatomo, Cariveau, Daniel P., Garratt, Michael P. D., Nabaes Jodar, Diego N., Stewart, Rebecca I. A., Ariza, Daniel, Pisman, Matti, Lichtenberg, Elinor M., Schüepp, Christof, Herzog, Felix, Entling, Martin H., Dupont, Yoko L., Michener, Charles D., Daily, Gretchen C., Ehrlich, Paul R., Burns, Katherine L. W., Vilà, Montserrat, Robson, Andrew, Howlett, Brad, Blechschmidt, Leah, Jauker, Frank, Schwarzbach, Franziska, Nesper, Maike, Diekötter, Tim, Wolters, Volkmar, Castro, Helena, Gaspar, Hugo, Nault, Brian A., Badenhausser, Isabelle, Petersen, Jessica D., Tscharntke, Teja, Bretagnolle, Vincent, Willis Chan, D. Susan, Chacoff, Natacha, Andersson, Georg K. S., Jha, Shalene, Colville, Jonathan F., Veldtman, Ruan, Coutinho, Jeferson, Bianchi, Felix J. J. A., Sutter, Louis, Albrecht, Matthias, Jeanneret, Philippe, Zou, Yi, Averill, Anne L., Saez, Agustin, Sciligo, Amber R., Vergara, Carlos H., Bloom, Elias H., Oeller, Elisabeth, Badano, Ernesto I., Loeb, Gregory M., Grab, Heather, Ekroos, Johan, Gagic, Vesna, Cunningham, Saul A., Åström, Jens, Cavigliasso, Pablo, Trillo, Alejandro, Classen, Alice, Mauchline, Alice L., Montero‐Castaño, Ana, Wilby, Andrew, Woodcock, Ben A., Sidhu, C. Sheena, Steffan‐Dewenter, Ingolf, Vogiatzakis, Ioannis N., Herrera, José M., Otieno, Mark, Gikungu, Mary W., Cusser, Sarah J., Nauss, Thomas, Nilsson, Lovisa, Knapp, Jessica, Ortega‐Marcos, Jorge J., González, José A., Osborne, Juliet L., Blanche, Rosalind, Shaw, Rosalind F., Hevia, Violeta, Stout, Jane, Arthur, Anthony D., Blochtein, Betina, Szentgyorgyi, Hajnalka, Li, Jin, Mayfield, Margaret M., Woyciechowski, Michał, Nunes‐Silva, Patrícia, Halinski de Oliveira, Rosana, Henry, Steve, Simmons, Benno I., Dalsgaard, Bo, Hansen, Katrine, Sritongchuay, Tuanjit, O'Reilly, Alison D., Chamorro García, Fermín José, Nates Parra, Guiomar, Magalhães Pigozo, Camila, and Bartomeus, Ignasi
Abstract: Seventy five percent of the world's food crops benefit from insect pollination. Hence, there has been increased interest in how global change drivers impact this critical ecosystem service. Because standardized data on crop pollination are rarely available, we are limited in our capacity to understand the variation in pollination benefits to crop yield, as well as to anticipate changes in this service, develop predictions, and inform management actions. Here, we present CropPol, a dynamic, open, and global database on crop pollination. It contains measurements recorded from 202 crop studies, covering 3,394 field observations, 2,552 yield measurements (i.e., berry mass, number of fruits, and fruit density [kg/ha], among others), and 47,752 insect records from 48 commercial crops distributed around the globe. CropPol comprises 32 of the 87 leading global crops and commodities that are pollinator dependent. Malus domestica is the most represented crop (32 studies), followed by Brassica napus (22 studies), Vaccinium corymbosum (13 studies), and Citrullus lanatus (12 studies). The most abundant pollinator guilds recorded are honey bees (34.22% counts), bumblebees (19.19%), flies other than Syrphidae and Bombyliidae (13.18%), other wild bees (13.13%), beetles (10.97%), Syrphidae (4.87%), and Bombyliidae (0.05%). Locations comprise 34 countries distributed among Europe (76 studies), North America (60), Latin America and the Caribbean (29), Asia (20), Oceania (10), and Africa (7). Sampling spans three decades and is concentrated on 2001–2005 (21 studies), 2006–2010 (40), 2011–2015 (88), and 2016–2020 (50). This is the most comprehensive open global data set on measurements of crop flower visitors, crop pollinators and pollination to date, and we encourage researchers to add more datasets to this database in the future. This data set is released for non-commercial use only. Credits should be given to this paper (i.e., proper citation), and the products generated with this da
Published: 2022

31. Quantifying Earth system interactions for sustainable food production via expert elicitation

Author: Spatial Ecology and Global Change, Environmental Sciences, Chrysafi, Anna, Virkki, Vili, Jalava, Mika, Sandström, Vilma, Piipponen, Johannes, Porkka, Miina, Lade, Steven J., La Mere, Kelsey, Wang-Erlandsson, Lan, Scherer, Laura, Andersen, Lauren S., Bennett, Elena, Brauman, Kate A., Cooper, Gregory S., De Palma, Adriana, Döll, Petra, Downing, Andrea S., DuBois, Timothy C., Fetzer, Ingo, Fulton, Elizabeth A., Gerten, Dieter, Jaafar, Hadi, Jägermeyr, Jonas, Jaramillo, Fernando, Jung, Martin, Kahiluoto, Helena, Lassaletta, Luis, Mackay, Anson W., Mason-D’Croz, Daniel, Mekonnen, Mesfin M., Nash, Kirsty L., Pastor, Amandine V., Ramankutty, Navin, Ridoutt, Brad, Siebert, Stefan, Simmons, Benno I., Staal, Arie, Sun, Zhongxiao, Tobian, Arne, Usubiaga-Liaño, Arkaitz, van der Ent, Ruud J., van Soesbergen, Arnout, Verburg, Peter H., Wada, Yoshihide, Zipper, Sam, Kummu, Matti, Spatial Ecology and Global Change, Environmental Sciences, Chrysafi, Anna, Virkki, Vili, Jalava, Mika, Sandström, Vilma, Piipponen, Johannes, Porkka, Miina, Lade, Steven J., La Mere, Kelsey, Wang-Erlandsson, Lan, Scherer, Laura, Andersen, Lauren S., Bennett, Elena, Brauman, Kate A., Cooper, Gregory S., De Palma, Adriana, Döll, Petra, Downing, Andrea S., DuBois, Timothy C., Fetzer, Ingo, Fulton, Elizabeth A., Gerten, Dieter, Jaafar, Hadi, Jägermeyr, Jonas, Jaramillo, Fernando, Jung, Martin, Kahiluoto, Helena, Lassaletta, Luis, Mackay, Anson W., Mason-D’Croz, Daniel, Mekonnen, Mesfin M., Nash, Kirsty L., Pastor, Amandine V., Ramankutty, Navin, Ridoutt, Brad, Siebert, Stefan, Simmons, Benno I., Staal, Arie, Sun, Zhongxiao, Tobian, Arne, Usubiaga-Liaño, Arkaitz, van der Ent, Ruud J., van Soesbergen, Arnout, Verburg, Peter H., Wada, Yoshihide, Zipper, Sam, and Kummu, Matti
Published: 2022

32. Plant–frugivore interactions across the Caribbean islands:Modularity, invader complexes and the importance of generalist species

Author: Vollstädt, Maximilian G. R., Galetti, Mauro, Kaiser-Bunbury, Christopher N., Simmons, Benno I., Gonçalves, Fernando, Morales-Pérez, Alcides L., Navarro, Luis, Tarazona-Tubens, Fabio L., Schubert, Spencer, Carlo, Tomas, Salazar, Jackeline, Faife-Cabrera, Michel, Strong, Allan, Madden, Hannah, Mitchell, Adam, Dalsgaard, Bo, Vollstädt, Maximilian G. R., Galetti, Mauro, Kaiser-Bunbury, Christopher N., Simmons, Benno I., Gonçalves, Fernando, Morales-Pérez, Alcides L., Navarro, Luis, Tarazona-Tubens, Fabio L., Schubert, Spencer, Carlo, Tomas, Salazar, Jackeline, Faife-Cabrera, Michel, Strong, Allan, Madden, Hannah, Mitchell, Adam, and Dalsgaard, Bo
Abstract: Aim: Mutualistic interactions between plants and animals are fundamental for the maintenance of natural communities and the ecosystem services they provide. However, particularly in human-dominated island ecosystems, introduced species may alter mutualistic interactions. Based on an extensive dataset of plant–frugivore interactions, we mapped and analysed a meta-network across the Caribbean archipelago. Specifically, we searched for subcommunity structure (modularity) and identified the types of species facilitating the integration of introduced species in the Caribbean meta-network. Location: Caribbean archipelago (Lucayan archipelago, Greater Antilles, Lesser Antilles). Methods: We reviewed published scientific literature, unpublished theses and other nonpeer-reviewed sources to compile an extensive dataset of plant–frugivore interactions. We visualized spatial patterns and conducted a modularity analysis of the cross-island meta-network. We also examined which species were most likely to interact with introduced species: (1) endemic, nonendemic native or introduced species, and (2) generalized or specialized species. Results: We reported 3060 records of interactions between 486 plant and 178 frugivore species. The Caribbean meta-network was organized in 13 modules, driven by a combination of functional or taxonomic (modules dominated by certain groups of frugivores) and biogeographical (island-specific modules) mechanisms. Few introduced species or interaction pairs were shared across islands, suggesting little homogenization of the plant–frugivore meta-network at the regional scale. However, we found evidence of “invader complexes,” as introduced frugivores were more likely to interact with introduced plants than expected at random. Moreover, we found generalist species more likely to interact with introduced species than were specialized species. Main conclusions: These results demonstrate that generalist species and “invader complexes” may facilitate the in
Published: 2022

33. CropPol: A dynamic, open and global database on crop pollination

Author: Belmont Forum, European Commission, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research, National Science Foundation (US), Allen, Alfonso, Magrach, Ainhoa, Dainese, Matteo, Garibaldi, Lucas A., Kleijn, David, Rader, Romina, Reilly, James R., Winfree, Rachael, Lundin, Ola, McGrady, Carley M., Brittain, Claire, Halinski, Rosana, Henry, Steve, Simmons, Benno I., Dalsgaard, Bo, Campbell, Joshua W., Hansen, Katrine, Mason, Keith, Ward, Kimiora L., Michener, Charles D., Gundersen, Knute B., Pisman, Matti, Bobiwash, Kyle, Gut, Larry, Rowe, Logan M., Boyle, Natalie K., Williams, Neal M., Joshi, Neelendra K., Rothwell, Nikki, Gillespie, Robert L., Isaacs, Rufus, Daily, Gretchen C., Lichtenberg, Elinor M., Fleischer, Shelby J., Peterson, Stephen S., Rao, Sujaya, Pitts-Singer, Theresa L., Fijen, Thijs, Boreux, Virginie, Rundlöf, Maj, Felipe Viana, Blandina, Klein, Alexandra‐Maria, Smith, Henrik G., Schüepp, Christoff, Ehrlich, Paul R., Bommarco, Riccardo, Carvalheiro, Luísa G., Ricketts, Taylor H., Ghazoul, Jaboury, Krishnan, Smitha, Benjamin, Faye E., Loureiro, João, Castro, Sílvia, Raine, Nigel E., Herzog, Felix, Arjen de Groot, Gerard, Burns, Katherine L. W., Horgan, Finbarr G., Hipólito, Juliana, Smagghe, Guy, Meeus, Ivan, Eeraerts, Maxime, Potts, Simon G., Kremen, Claire, Gómez García, Daniel, Entling, Martin H., Miñarro, Marcos, Crowder, David W., Vilà, Montserrat, Pisanty, Gideon, Mandelik, Yael, Vereecken, Nicolas J., Leclercq, Nicolas, Weekers, Timothy, Lindstrom, Sandra A.M., Stanley, Dara A., Dupont, Yoko L., Zaragoza-Trello, C., Nicholson, Charlie C., Scheper, Jeroen, Robson, Andrew, Rad, Carlos, Marks, Evan A. N., Mota, Lucie, Danforth, Bryan, Park, Mia, Bezerra, Antônio Diego M., Jauker, Frank, Freitas, Breno M., Mallinger, Rachel E., Silva, Fabiana Oliveira da, Willcox, Bryony, Howlett, Brad, Ramos, Davi L., Silva, Felipe D. da Silva e, Lázaro, Amparo, Alomar, David, González-Estévez, Miguel A., Schwarzbach, Franciska, Taki, Hisatomo, Cariveau, Daniel P., Garratt, Michael P. D., Nabaes Jodar, Diego Nicolás, Stewart, Rebecca I. A, Blechschmidt, Leah, Ariza, Daniel, Biddinger, David J., Nesper, Maike, Sritongchuay, Tuanjit, Diekötter, Tim, Wolters, Volkmar, Castro, Helena, Gaspar, Hugo, Nault, Brian A., Badenhausser, Isabelle, Petersen, Jessica D., Tscharntke, Teja, Bretagnolle, Vincent, Artz, Derek R., O'Reilly, Alison D., Willis Chan, D. Susan, Chacoff, Natacha P., Andersson, Georg K. S., Jha, Shalene, Colville, Jonathan F., Veldtman, Ruan, Coutinho, Jeferson, Bianchi, Felix J. J. A., Sutter, Louis, Albrecht, Matthias, Chamorro, Fermín José, Elle, Elizabeth, Jeanneret, Philippe, Zou, Yi, Averill, Anne, Sáez, Agustín, Sciligo, Amber R., Vergara, Carlos H., Bloom, Elias H., Oeller, Elisabeth, Badano, Ernesto I., Nates, Guiomar, Loeb, Gregory M., Hoffman, George, Grab, Heather, Ekroos, Johan, Gagic, Vesna, Cunningham, Saul A., Åström, Jens, Cavigliasso, Pablo, Trillo, Alejandro, Classen, Alice, Pigozo, Camila Magalhães, Mauchline, Alice L., Montero-Castaño, Ana, Ellis, James D., Wilby, Andrew, Woodcock, Ben A., Sidhu, C. Sheena, Steffan-Dewenter, Ingolf, Vogiatzakis, Ioannis N., Herrera, José M., Otieno, Mark, Bartomeus, Ignasi, Gikungu, Mary W., Cusser, Sarah J., Nauss, Thomas, Daniels, Jared, Nilsson, Lovisa, Knapp, Jessica, Ortega-Marcos, Jorge J., González, José A., Osborne, Juliet L., Blanche, Rosalind, Brokaw, Julia, Shaw, Rosalind F., Hevia, Violeta, Stout, Jane, Arthur, Anthony D., Gibbs, Jason, Blochtein, Betina, Szentgyorgyi, Hajnalka, Jin, Li, Mayfield, Margaret M., Woyciechowski, Michał, Wilson, Julianna K., Nunes-Silva, Patrícia, Belmont Forum, European Commission, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research, National Science Foundation (US), Allen, Alfonso, Magrach, Ainhoa, Dainese, Matteo, Garibaldi, Lucas A., Kleijn, David, Rader, Romina, Reilly, James R., Winfree, Rachael, Lundin, Ola, McGrady, Carley M., Brittain, Claire, Halinski, Rosana, Henry, Steve, Simmons, Benno I., Dalsgaard, Bo, Campbell, Joshua W., Hansen, Katrine, Mason, Keith, Ward, Kimiora L., Michener, Charles D., Gundersen, Knute B., Pisman, Matti, Bobiwash, Kyle, Gut, Larry, Rowe, Logan M., Boyle, Natalie K., Williams, Neal M., Joshi, Neelendra K., Rothwell, Nikki, Gillespie, Robert L., Isaacs, Rufus, Daily, Gretchen C., Lichtenberg, Elinor M., Fleischer, Shelby J., Peterson, Stephen S., Rao, Sujaya, Pitts-Singer, Theresa L., Fijen, Thijs, Boreux, Virginie, Rundlöf, Maj, Felipe Viana, Blandina, Klein, Alexandra‐Maria, Smith, Henrik G., Schüepp, Christoff, Ehrlich, Paul R., Bommarco, Riccardo, Carvalheiro, Luísa G., Ricketts, Taylor H., Ghazoul, Jaboury, Krishnan, Smitha, Benjamin, Faye E., Loureiro, João, Castro, Sílvia, Raine, Nigel E., Herzog, Felix, Arjen de Groot, Gerard, Burns, Katherine L. W., Horgan, Finbarr G., Hipólito, Juliana, Smagghe, Guy, Meeus, Ivan, Eeraerts, Maxime, Potts, Simon G., Kremen, Claire, Gómez García, Daniel, Entling, Martin H., Miñarro, Marcos, Crowder, David W., Vilà, Montserrat, Pisanty, Gideon, Mandelik, Yael, Vereecken, Nicolas J., Leclercq, Nicolas, Weekers, Timothy, Lindstrom, Sandra A.M., Stanley, Dara A., Dupont, Yoko L., Zaragoza-Trello, C., Nicholson, Charlie C., Scheper, Jeroen, Robson, Andrew, Rad, Carlos, Marks, Evan A. N., Mota, Lucie, Danforth, Bryan, Park, Mia, Bezerra, Antônio Diego M., Jauker, Frank, Freitas, Breno M., Mallinger, Rachel E., Silva, Fabiana Oliveira da, Willcox, Bryony, Howlett, Brad, Ramos, Davi L., Silva, Felipe D. da Silva e, Lázaro, Amparo, Alomar, David, González-Estévez, Miguel A., Schwarzbach, Franciska, Taki, Hisatomo, Cariveau, Daniel P., Garratt, Michael P. D., Nabaes Jodar, Diego Nicolás, Stewart, Rebecca I. A, Blechschmidt, Leah, Ariza, Daniel, Biddinger, David J., Nesper, Maike, Sritongchuay, Tuanjit, Diekötter, Tim, Wolters, Volkmar, Castro, Helena, Gaspar, Hugo, Nault, Brian A., Badenhausser, Isabelle, Petersen, Jessica D., Tscharntke, Teja, Bretagnolle, Vincent, Artz, Derek R., O'Reilly, Alison D., Willis Chan, D. Susan, Chacoff, Natacha P., Andersson, Georg K. S., Jha, Shalene, Colville, Jonathan F., Veldtman, Ruan, Coutinho, Jeferson, Bianchi, Felix J. J. A., Sutter, Louis, Albrecht, Matthias, Chamorro, Fermín José, Elle, Elizabeth, Jeanneret, Philippe, Zou, Yi, Averill, Anne, Sáez, Agustín, Sciligo, Amber R., Vergara, Carlos H., Bloom, Elias H., Oeller, Elisabeth, Badano, Ernesto I., Nates, Guiomar, Loeb, Gregory M., Hoffman, George, Grab, Heather, Ekroos, Johan, Gagic, Vesna, Cunningham, Saul A., Åström, Jens, Cavigliasso, Pablo, Trillo, Alejandro, Classen, Alice, Pigozo, Camila Magalhães, Mauchline, Alice L., Montero-Castaño, Ana, Ellis, James D., Wilby, Andrew, Woodcock, Ben A., Sidhu, C. Sheena, Steffan-Dewenter, Ingolf, Vogiatzakis, Ioannis N., Herrera, José M., Otieno, Mark, Bartomeus, Ignasi, Gikungu, Mary W., Cusser, Sarah J., Nauss, Thomas, Daniels, Jared, Nilsson, Lovisa, Knapp, Jessica, Ortega-Marcos, Jorge J., González, José A., Osborne, Juliet L., Blanche, Rosalind, Brokaw, Julia, Shaw, Rosalind F., Hevia, Violeta, Stout, Jane, Arthur, Anthony D., Gibbs, Jason, Blochtein, Betina, Szentgyorgyi, Hajnalka, Jin, Li, Mayfield, Margaret M., Woyciechowski, Michał, Wilson, Julianna K., and Nunes-Silva, Patrícia
Abstract: Seventy five percent of the world's food crops benefit from insect pollination. Hence, there has been increased interest in how global change drivers impact this critical ecosystem service. Because standardized data on crop pollination are rarely available, we are limited in our capacity to understand the variation in pollination benefits to crop yield, as well as to anticipate changes in this service, develop predictions, and inform management actions. Here, we present CropPol, a dynamic, open, and global database on crop pollination. It contains measurements recorded from 202 crop studies, covering 3,394 field observations, 2,552 yield measurements (i.e., berry mass, number of fruits, and fruit density [kg/ha], among others), and 47,752 insect records from 48 commercial crops distributed around the globe. CropPol comprises 32 of the 87 leading global crops and commodities that are pollinator dependent. Malus domestica is the most represented crop (32 studies), followed by Brassica napus (22 studies), Vaccinium corymbosum (13 studies), and Citrullus lanatus (12 studies). The most abundant pollinator guilds recorded are honey bees (34.22% counts), bumblebees (19.19%), flies other than Syrphidae and Bombyliidae (13.18%), other wild bees (13.13%), beetles (10.97%), Syrphidae (4.87%), and Bombyliidae (0.05%). Locations comprise 34 countries distributed among Europe (76 studies), North America (60), Latin America and the Caribbean (29), Asia (20), Oceania (10), and Africa (7). Sampling spans three decades and is concentrated on 2001¿2005 (21 studies), 2006¿2010 (40), 2011¿2015 (88), and 2016¿2020 (50). This is the most comprehensive open global data set on measurements of crop flower visitors, crop pollinators and pollination to date, and we encourage researchers to add more datasets to this database in the future.
Published: 2022

34. CropPol:A dynamic, open and global database on crop pollination

Author: Allen-Perkins, Alfonso, Magrach, Ainhoa, Dainese, Matteo, Garibaldi, Lucas A., Kleijn, David, Rader, Romina, Reilly, James R., Winfree, Rachael, Lundin, Ola, McGrady, Carley M., Brittain, Claire, Biddinger, David J., Artz, Derek R., Elle, Elizabeth, Hoffman, George, Ellis, James D., Daniels, Jaret, Gibbs, Jason, Campbell, Joshua W., Brokaw, Julia, Wilson, Julianna K., Mason, Keith, Ward, Kimiora L., Gundersen, Knute B., Bobiwash, Kyle, Gut, Larry, Rowe, Logan M., Boyle, Natalie K., Williams, Neal M., Joshi, Neelendra K., Rothwell, Nikki, Gillespie, Robert L., Isaacs, Rufus, Fleischer, Shelby J., Peterson, Stephen S., Rao, Sujaya, Pitts-Singer, Theresa L., Fijen, Thijs, Boreux, Virginie, Rundlöf, Maj, Viana, Blandina Felipe, Klein, Alexandra-Maria, Smith, Henrik G., Bommarco, Riccardo, Carvalheiro, Luísa G., Ricketts, Taylor H., Ghazoul, Jaboury, Krishnan, Smitha, Benjamin, Faye E., Loureiro, João, Castro, Sílvia, Raine, Nigel E., de Groot, Gerard Arjen, Horgan, Finbarr G., Hipólito, Juliana, Smagghe, Guy, Meeus, Ivan, Eeraerts, Maxime, Potts, Simon G., Kremen, Claire, García, Daniel, Miñarro, Marcos, Crowder, David W., Pisanty, Gideon, Mandelik, Yael, Vereecken, Nicolas J., Leclercq, Nicolas, Weekers, Timothy, Lindstrom, Sandra A. M., Stanley, Dara A., Zaragoza-Trello, Carlos, Nicholson, Charlie C., Scheper, Jeroen, Rad, Carlos, Marks, Evan A.N., Mota, Lucie, Danforth, Bryan, Park, Mia, Bezerra, Antônio Diego M., Freitas, Breno M., Mallinger, Rachel E., Oliveira da Silva, Fabiana, Willcox, Bryony, Ramos, Davi L., da Silva e Silva, Felipe D., Lázaro, Amparo, Alomar, David, González-Estévez, Miguel A., Taki, Hisatomo, Cariveau, Daniel P., Garratt, Michael P. D., Nabaes Jodar, Diego N., Stewart, Rebecca I. A., Ariza, Daniel, Pisman, Matti, Lichtenberg, Elinor M., Schüepp, Christof, Herzog, Felix, Entling, Martin H, Dupont, Yoko L., Michener, Charles D., Daily, Gretchen C., Ehrlich, Paul R., Burns, Katherine L.W., Vilà, Montserrat, Robson, Andrew, Howlett, Brad, Blechschmidt, Leah, Jauker, Frank, Schwarzbach, Franziska, Nesper, Maike, Diekötter, Tim, Wolters, Volkmar, Castro, Helena, Gaspar, Hugo, Nault, Brian A., Badenhausser, Isabelle, Petersen, Jessica D., Tscharntke, Teja, Bretagnolle, Vincent, Willis Chan, D. Susan, Chacoff, Natacha, Andersson, Georg K. S., Jha, Shalene, Colville, Jonathan F., Veldtman, Ruan, Coutinho, Jeferson, Bianchi, Felix J. J. A., Sutter, Louis, Albrecht, Matthias, Jeanneret, Philippe, Zou, Yi, Averill, Anne L., Saez, Agustin, Sciligo, Amber R., Vergara, Carlos H, Bloom, Elias H., Oeller, Elisabeth, Badano, Ernesto I., Loeb, Gregory M., Grab, Heather, Ekroos, Johan, Gagic, Vesna, Cunningham, Saul A, Åström, Jens, Cavigliasso, Pablo, Trillo, Alejandro, Classen, Alice, Mauchline, Alice L., Montero-Castaño, Ana, Wilby, Andrew, Woodcock, Ben A., Sidhu, C. Sheena, Steffan-Dewenter, Ingolf, Vogiatzakis, Ioannis N., Herrera, José M., Otieno, Mark, Gikungu, Mary W., Cusser, Sarah J., Nauss, Thomas, Nilsson, Lovisa, Knapp, Jessica, Ortega-Marcos, Jorge J., González, José A., Osborne, Juliet L., Blanche, Rosalind, Shaw, Rosalind F., Hevia, Violeta, Stout, Jane, Arthur, Anthony D., Blochtein, Betina, Szentgyorgyi, Hajnalka, Li, Jin, Mayfield, Margaret M, Woyciechowski, Michał, Nunes-Silva, Patrícia, Halinski de Oliveira, Rosana, Henry, Steve, Simmons, Benno I., Dalsgaard, Bo, Hansen, Katrine, Sritongchuay, Tuanjit, O'Reilly, Alison D., Chamorro García, Fermín José, Nates Parra, Guiomar, Magalhães Pigozo, Camila, Bartomeus, Ignasi, Allen-Perkins, Alfonso, Magrach, Ainhoa, Dainese, Matteo, Garibaldi, Lucas A., Kleijn, David, Rader, Romina, Reilly, James R., Winfree, Rachael, Lundin, Ola, McGrady, Carley M., Brittain, Claire, Biddinger, David J., Artz, Derek R., Elle, Elizabeth, Hoffman, George, Ellis, James D., Daniels, Jaret, Gibbs, Jason, Campbell, Joshua W., Brokaw, Julia, Wilson, Julianna K., Mason, Keith, Ward, Kimiora L., Gundersen, Knute B., Bobiwash, Kyle, Gut, Larry, Rowe, Logan M., Boyle, Natalie K., Williams, Neal M., Joshi, Neelendra K., Rothwell, Nikki, Gillespie, Robert L., Isaacs, Rufus, Fleischer, Shelby J., Peterson, Stephen S., Rao, Sujaya, Pitts-Singer, Theresa L., Fijen, Thijs, Boreux, Virginie, Rundlöf, Maj, Viana, Blandina Felipe, Klein, Alexandra-Maria, Smith, Henrik G., Bommarco, Riccardo, Carvalheiro, Luísa G., Ricketts, Taylor H., Ghazoul, Jaboury, Krishnan, Smitha, Benjamin, Faye E., Loureiro, João, Castro, Sílvia, Raine, Nigel E., de Groot, Gerard Arjen, Horgan, Finbarr G., Hipólito, Juliana, Smagghe, Guy, Meeus, Ivan, Eeraerts, Maxime, Potts, Simon G., Kremen, Claire, García, Daniel, Miñarro, Marcos, Crowder, David W., Pisanty, Gideon, Mandelik, Yael, Vereecken, Nicolas J., Leclercq, Nicolas, Weekers, Timothy, Lindstrom, Sandra A. M., Stanley, Dara A., Zaragoza-Trello, Carlos, Nicholson, Charlie C., Scheper, Jeroen, Rad, Carlos, Marks, Evan A.N., Mota, Lucie, Danforth, Bryan, Park, Mia, Bezerra, Antônio Diego M., Freitas, Breno M., Mallinger, Rachel E., Oliveira da Silva, Fabiana, Willcox, Bryony, Ramos, Davi L., da Silva e Silva, Felipe D., Lázaro, Amparo, Alomar, David, González-Estévez, Miguel A., Taki, Hisatomo, Cariveau, Daniel P., Garratt, Michael P. D., Nabaes Jodar, Diego N., Stewart, Rebecca I. A., Ariza, Daniel, Pisman, Matti, Lichtenberg, Elinor M., Schüepp, Christof, Herzog, Felix, Entling, Martin H, Dupont, Yoko L., Michener, Charles D., Daily, Gretchen C., Ehrlich, Paul R., Burns, Katherine L.W., Vilà, Montserrat, Robson, Andrew, Howlett, Brad, Blechschmidt, Leah, Jauker, Frank, Schwarzbach, Franziska, Nesper, Maike, Diekötter, Tim, Wolters, Volkmar, Castro, Helena, Gaspar, Hugo, Nault, Brian A., Badenhausser, Isabelle, Petersen, Jessica D., Tscharntke, Teja, Bretagnolle, Vincent, Willis Chan, D. Susan, Chacoff, Natacha, Andersson, Georg K. S., Jha, Shalene, Colville, Jonathan F., Veldtman, Ruan, Coutinho, Jeferson, Bianchi, Felix J. J. A., Sutter, Louis, Albrecht, Matthias, Jeanneret, Philippe, Zou, Yi, Averill, Anne L., Saez, Agustin, Sciligo, Amber R., Vergara, Carlos H, Bloom, Elias H., Oeller, Elisabeth, Badano, Ernesto I., Loeb, Gregory M., Grab, Heather, Ekroos, Johan, Gagic, Vesna, Cunningham, Saul A, Åström, Jens, Cavigliasso, Pablo, Trillo, Alejandro, Classen, Alice, Mauchline, Alice L., Montero-Castaño, Ana, Wilby, Andrew, Woodcock, Ben A., Sidhu, C. Sheena, Steffan-Dewenter, Ingolf, Vogiatzakis, Ioannis N., Herrera, José M., Otieno, Mark, Gikungu, Mary W., Cusser, Sarah J., Nauss, Thomas, Nilsson, Lovisa, Knapp, Jessica, Ortega-Marcos, Jorge J., González, José A., Osborne, Juliet L., Blanche, Rosalind, Shaw, Rosalind F., Hevia, Violeta, Stout, Jane, Arthur, Anthony D., Blochtein, Betina, Szentgyorgyi, Hajnalka, Li, Jin, Mayfield, Margaret M, Woyciechowski, Michał, Nunes-Silva, Patrícia, Halinski de Oliveira, Rosana, Henry, Steve, Simmons, Benno I., Dalsgaard, Bo, Hansen, Katrine, Sritongchuay, Tuanjit, O'Reilly, Alison D., Chamorro García, Fermín José, Nates Parra, Guiomar, Magalhães Pigozo, Camila, and Bartomeus, Ignasi
Abstract: Seventy five percent of the world's food crops benefit from insect pollination. Hence, there has been increased interest in how global change drivers impact this critical ecosystem service. Because standardized data on crop pollination are rarely available, we are limited in our capacity to understand the variation in pollination benefits to crop yield, as well as to anticipate changes in this service, develop predictions, and inform management actions. Here, we present CropPol, a dynamic, open, and global database on crop pollination. It contains measurements recorded from 202 crop studies, covering 3,394 field observations, 2,552 yield measurements (i.e., berry mass, number of fruits, and fruit density [kg/ha], among others), and 47,752 insect records from 48 commercial crops distributed around the globe. CropPol comprises 32 of the 87 leading global crops and commodities that are pollinator dependent. Malus domestica is the most represented crop (32 studies), followed by Brassica napus (22 studies), Vaccinium corymbosum (13 studies), and Citrullus lanatus (12 studies). The most abundant pollinator guilds recorded are honey bees (34.22% counts), bumblebees (19.19%), flies other than Syrphidae and Bombyliidae (13.18%), other wild bees (13.13%), beetles (10.97%), Syrphidae (4.87%), and Bombyliidae (0.05%). Locations comprise 34 countries distributed among Europe (76 studies), North America (60), Latin America and the Caribbean (29), Asia (20), Oceania (10), and Africa (7). Sampling spans three decades and is concentrated on 2001–2005 (21 studies), 2006–2010 (40), 2011–2015 (88), and 2016–2020 (50). This is the most comprehensive open global data set on measurements of crop flower visitors, crop pollinators and pollination to date, and we encourage researchers to add more datasets to this database in the future. This data set is released for non-commercial use only. Credits should be given to this paper (i.e., proper citation), and the products generated with this
Published: 2022

35. CropPol: a dynamic, open and global database on crop pollination

Author: Allen‐Perkins, Alfonso, Magrach, Ainhoa, Dainese, Matteo, Garibaldi, Lucas A., Kleijn, David, Rader, Romina, Reilly, James R., Winfree, Rachael, Lundin, Ola, McGrady, Carley M., Brittain, Claire, Biddinger, David J., Artz, Derek R., Elle, Elizabeth, Hoffman, George, Ellis, James D., Daniels, Jaret, Gibbs, Jason, Campbell, Joshua W., Brokaw, Julia, Wilson, Julianna K., Mason, Keith, Ward, Kimiora L., Gundersen, Knute B., Bobiwash, Kyle, Gut, Larry, Rowe, Logan M., Boyle, Natalie K., Williams, Neal M., Joshi, Neelendra K., Rothwell, Nikki, Gillespie, Robert L., Isaacs, Rufus, Fleischer, Shelby J., Peterson, Stephen S., Rao, Sujaya, Pitts‐Singer, Theresa L., Fijen, Thijs, Boreux, Virginie, Rundlöf, Maj, Viana, Blandina Felipe, Klein, Alexandra‐Maria, Smith, Henrik G., Bommarco, Riccardo, Carvalheiro, Luísa G., Ricketts, Taylor H., Ghazoul, Jaboury, Krishnan, Smitha, Benjamin, Faye E., Loureiro, João, Castro, Sílvia, Raine, Nigel E., Groot, Gerard Arjen, Horgan, Finbarr G., Hipólito, Juliana, Smagghe, Guy, Meeus, Ivan, Eeraerts, Maxime, Potts, Simon G., Kremen, Claire, García, Daniel, Miñarro, Marcos, Crowder, David W., Pisanty, Gideon, Mandelik, Yael, Vereecken, Nicolas J., Leclercq, Nicolas, Weekers, Timothy, Lindstrom, Sandra A.M., Stanley, Dara A., Zaragoza‐Trello, Carlos, Nicholson, Charlie C., Scheper, Jeroen, Rad, Carlos, Marks, Evan A.N., Mota, Lucie, Danforth, Bryan, Park, Mia, Bezerra, Antônio Diego M., Freitas, Breno M., Mallinger, Rachel E., Silva, Fabiana Oliveira, Willcox, Bryony, Ramos, Davi L., Silva e Silva, Felipe D., Lázaro, Amparo, Alomar, David, González‐Estévez, Miguel A., Taki, Hisatomo, Cariveau, Daniel P., Garratt, Michael P.D., Nabaes Jodar, Diego N., Stewart, Rebecca I.A., Ariza, Daniel, Pisman, Matti, Lichtenberg, Elinor M., Schüepp, Christof, Herzog, Felix, Entling, Martin H., Dupont, Yoko L., Michener, Charles D., Daily, Gretchen C., Ehrlich, Paul R., Burns, Katherine L.W., Vilà, Montserrat, Robson, Andrew, Howlett, Brad, Blechschmidt, Leah, Jauker, Frank, Schwarzbach, Franziska, Nesper, Maike, Diekötter, Tim, Wolters, Volkmar, Castro, Helena, Gaspar, Hugo, Nault, Brian A., Badenhausser, Isabelle, Petersen, Jessica D., Tscharntke, Teja, Bretagnolle, Vincent, Chan, D. Susan Willis, Chacoff, Natacha, Andersson, Georg K.S., Jha, Shalene, Colville, Jonathan F., Veldtman, Ruan, Coutinho, Jeferson, Bianchi, Felix J.J.A., Sutter, Louis, Albrecht, Matthias, Jeanneret, Philippe, Zou, Yi, Averill, Anne L., Saez, Agustin, Sciligo, Amber R., Vergara, Carlos H., Bloom, Elias H., Oeller, Elisabeth, Badano, Ernesto I., Loeb, Gregory M., Grab, Heather, Ekroos, Johan, Gagic, Vesna, Cunningham, Saul A., Åström, Jens, Cavigliasso, Pablo, Trillo, Alejandro, Classen, Alice, Mauchline, Alice L., Montero‐Castaño, Ana, Wilby, Andrew, Woodcock, Ben A., Sidhu, C. Sheena, Steffan‐Dewenter, Ingolf, Vogiatzakis, Ioannis N., Herrera, José M., Otieno, Mark, Gikungu, Mary W., Cusser, Sarah J., Nauss, Thomas, Nilsson, Lovisa, Knapp, Jessica, Ortega‐Marcos, Jorge J., González, José A., Osborne, Juliet L., Blanche, Rosalind, Shaw, Rosalind F., Hevia, Violeta, Stout, Jane, Arthur, Anthony D., Blochtein, Betina, Szentgyorgyi, Hajnalka, Li, Jin, Mayfield, Margaret M., Woyciechowski, Michał, Nunes‐Silva, Patrícia, Oliveira, Rosana Halinski, Henry, Steve, Simmons, Benno I., Dalsgaard, Bo, Hansen, Katrine, Sritongchuay, Tuanjit, O'Reilly, Alison D., García, Fermín José Chamorro, Parra, Guiomar Nates, Pigozo, Camila Magalhães, Bartomeus, Ignasi, Allen‐Perkins, Alfonso, Magrach, Ainhoa, Dainese, Matteo, Garibaldi, Lucas A., Kleijn, David, Rader, Romina, Reilly, James R., Winfree, Rachael, Lundin, Ola, McGrady, Carley M., Brittain, Claire, Biddinger, David J., Artz, Derek R., Elle, Elizabeth, Hoffman, George, Ellis, James D., Daniels, Jaret, Gibbs, Jason, Campbell, Joshua W., Brokaw, Julia, Wilson, Julianna K., Mason, Keith, Ward, Kimiora L., Gundersen, Knute B., Bobiwash, Kyle, Gut, Larry, Rowe, Logan M., Boyle, Natalie K., Williams, Neal M., Joshi, Neelendra K., Rothwell, Nikki, Gillespie, Robert L., Isaacs, Rufus, Fleischer, Shelby J., Peterson, Stephen S., Rao, Sujaya, Pitts‐Singer, Theresa L., Fijen, Thijs, Boreux, Virginie, Rundlöf, Maj, Viana, Blandina Felipe, Klein, Alexandra‐Maria, Smith, Henrik G., Bommarco, Riccardo, Carvalheiro, Luísa G., Ricketts, Taylor H., Ghazoul, Jaboury, Krishnan, Smitha, Benjamin, Faye E., Loureiro, João, Castro, Sílvia, Raine, Nigel E., Groot, Gerard Arjen, Horgan, Finbarr G., Hipólito, Juliana, Smagghe, Guy, Meeus, Ivan, Eeraerts, Maxime, Potts, Simon G., Kremen, Claire, García, Daniel, Miñarro, Marcos, Crowder, David W., Pisanty, Gideon, Mandelik, Yael, Vereecken, Nicolas J., Leclercq, Nicolas, Weekers, Timothy, Lindstrom, Sandra A.M., Stanley, Dara A., Zaragoza‐Trello, Carlos, Nicholson, Charlie C., Scheper, Jeroen, Rad, Carlos, Marks, Evan A.N., Mota, Lucie, Danforth, Bryan, Park, Mia, Bezerra, Antônio Diego M., Freitas, Breno M., Mallinger, Rachel E., Silva, Fabiana Oliveira, Willcox, Bryony, Ramos, Davi L., Silva e Silva, Felipe D., Lázaro, Amparo, Alomar, David, González‐Estévez, Miguel A., Taki, Hisatomo, Cariveau, Daniel P., Garratt, Michael P.D., Nabaes Jodar, Diego N., Stewart, Rebecca I.A., Ariza, Daniel, Pisman, Matti, Lichtenberg, Elinor M., Schüepp, Christof, Herzog, Felix, Entling, Martin H., Dupont, Yoko L., Michener, Charles D., Daily, Gretchen C., Ehrlich, Paul R., Burns, Katherine L.W., Vilà, Montserrat, Robson, Andrew, Howlett, Brad, Blechschmidt, Leah, Jauker, Frank, Schwarzbach, Franziska, Nesper, Maike, Diekötter, Tim, Wolters, Volkmar, Castro, Helena, Gaspar, Hugo, Nault, Brian A., Badenhausser, Isabelle, Petersen, Jessica D., Tscharntke, Teja, Bretagnolle, Vincent, Chan, D. Susan Willis, Chacoff, Natacha, Andersson, Georg K.S., Jha, Shalene, Colville, Jonathan F., Veldtman, Ruan, Coutinho, Jeferson, Bianchi, Felix J.J.A., Sutter, Louis, Albrecht, Matthias, Jeanneret, Philippe, Zou, Yi, Averill, Anne L., Saez, Agustin, Sciligo, Amber R., Vergara, Carlos H., Bloom, Elias H., Oeller, Elisabeth, Badano, Ernesto I., Loeb, Gregory M., Grab, Heather, Ekroos, Johan, Gagic, Vesna, Cunningham, Saul A., Åström, Jens, Cavigliasso, Pablo, Trillo, Alejandro, Classen, Alice, Mauchline, Alice L., Montero‐Castaño, Ana, Wilby, Andrew, Woodcock, Ben A., Sidhu, C. Sheena, Steffan‐Dewenter, Ingolf, Vogiatzakis, Ioannis N., Herrera, José M., Otieno, Mark, Gikungu, Mary W., Cusser, Sarah J., Nauss, Thomas, Nilsson, Lovisa, Knapp, Jessica, Ortega‐Marcos, Jorge J., González, José A., Osborne, Juliet L., Blanche, Rosalind, Shaw, Rosalind F., Hevia, Violeta, Stout, Jane, Arthur, Anthony D., Blochtein, Betina, Szentgyorgyi, Hajnalka, Li, Jin, Mayfield, Margaret M., Woyciechowski, Michał, Nunes‐Silva, Patrícia, Oliveira, Rosana Halinski, Henry, Steve, Simmons, Benno I., Dalsgaard, Bo, Hansen, Katrine, Sritongchuay, Tuanjit, O'Reilly, Alison D., García, Fermín José Chamorro, Parra, Guiomar Nates, Pigozo, Camila Magalhães, and Bartomeus, Ignasi
Abstract: Seventy five percent of the world's food crops benefit from insect pollination. Hence, there has been increased interest in how global change drivers impact this critical ecosystem service. Because standardized data on crop pollination are rarely available, we are limited in our capacity to understand the variation in pollination benefits to crop yield, as well as to anticipate changes in this service, develop predictions, and inform management actions. Here, we present CropPol, a dynamic, open and global database on crop pollination. It contains measurements recorded from 202 crop studies, covering 3,394 field observations, 2,552 yield measurements (i.e. berry weight, number of fruits and kg per hectare, among others), and 47,752 insect records from 48 commercial crops distributed around the globe. CropPol comprises 32 of the 87 leading global crops and commodities that are pollinator dependent. Malus domestica is the most represented crop (32 studies), followed by Brassica napus (22 studies), Vaccinium corymbosum (13 studies), and Citrullus lanatus (12 studies). The most abundant pollinator guilds recorded are honey bees (34.22% counts), bumblebees (19.19%), flies other than Syrphidae and Bombyliidae (13.18%), other wild bees (13.13%), beetles (10.97%), Syrphidae (4.87%), and Bombyliidae (0.05%). Locations comprise 34 countries distributed among Europe (76 studies), Northern America (60), Latin America and the Caribbean (29), Asia (20), Oceania (10), and Africa (7). Sampling spans three decades and is concentrated on 2001-05 (21 studies), 2006-10 (40), 2011-15 (88), and 2016-20 (50). This is the most comprehensive open global data set on measurements of crop flower visitors, crop pollinators and pollination to date, and we encourage researchers to add more datasets to this database in the future. This data set is released for non-commercial use only. Credits should be given to this paper (i.e., proper citation), and the products generated with this database should
Published: 2022

36. Rapid monitoring of ecological persistence.

Author: Chuliang Song, Simmons, Benno I., Fortin, Marie-Josée, Gonzalez, Andrew, Kaiser-Bunbury, Christopher N., and Saavedra, Serguei
Subjects: *ENVIRONMENTAL monitoring, *BIOTIC communities, *ECOSYSTEM health, *ENDANGERED species, *POPULATION dynamics
Abstract: Effective conservation of ecological communities requires accurate and up-to-date information about whether species are persisting or declining to extinction. The persistence of an ecological community is supported by its underlying network of species interactions. While the persistence of the network supporting the whole community is the most relevant scale for conservation, in practice, only small subsets of these networks can be monitored. There is therefore an urgent need to establish links between the small snapshots of data conservationists can collect, and the “big picture” conclusions about ecosystem health demanded by policymakers, scientists, and societies. Here, we show that the persistence of small subnetworks (motifs) in isolation—that is, their persistence when considered separately from the larger network of which they are a part—is a reliable probabilistic indicator of the persistence of the network as a whole. Our methods show that it is easier to detect if an ecological community is not persistent than if it is persistent, allowing for rapid detection of extinction risk in endangered systems. Our results also justify the common practice of predicting ecological persistence from incomplete surveys by simulating the population dynamics of sampled subnetworks. Empirically, we show that our theoretical predictions are supported by data on invaded networks in restored and unrestored areas, even in the presence of environmental variability. Our work suggests that coordinated action to aggregate information from incomplete sampling can provide a means to rapidly assess the persistence of entire ecological networks and the expected success of restoration strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2023
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37. Antimicrobial resistance genes predict plasmid generalism and network structure in wastewater

Author: Risely, Alice, primary, Stalder, Thibault, additional, Simmons, Benno I., additional, Top, Eva M., additional, Buckling, Angus, additional, and Sanders, Dirk, additional
Published: 2022
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38. The challenge of biased evidence in conservation

Author: Christie, Alec P, Amano, Tatsuya, Martin, Philip A, Petrovan, Silviu O, Shackelford, Gorm E, Simmons, Benno I, Smith, Rebecca K, Williams, David R, Wordley, Claire FR, Sutherland, William J, Christie, Alec P [0000-0002-8465-8410], Amano, Tatsuya [0000-0001-6576-3410], Martin, Philip A [0000-0002-6804-2720], Petrovan, Silviu O [0000-0002-3984-2403], Shackelford, Gorm E [0000-0003-0949-0934], Simmons, Benno I [0000-0002-2751-9430], Williams, David R [0000-0002-0379-1800], Sutherland, William J [0000-0002-6498-0437], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Subjects: Conservation of Natural Resources, bias, synthesis, 决策, síntesis, priorización, 研究设计, 综合分析, conservación basada en evidencias, sesgo, study design, evidence-based conservation, Animals, diseño de estudio, evidencia de la conservación, 保护证据, conservation research, 优先保护, investigación sobre la conservación, conservation evidence, Australasia, Endangered Species, decision-making, prioritization, Biodiversity, Europe, 保护研究, North America, 基于证据的保护, toma de decisiones, 偏倚
Abstract: Efforts to tackle the current biodiversity crisis need to be as efficient and effective as possible given chronic underfunding. To inform decision‐makers of the most effective conservation actions, it is important to identify biases and gaps in the conservation literature to prioritize future evidence generation. We used the Conservation Evidence database to assess the state of the global literature that tests conservation actions for amphibians and birds. For the studies in the database, we investigated their spatial and taxonomic extent and distribution across biomes, effectiveness metrics, and study designs. Studies were heavily concentrated in Western Europe and North America for birds and particularly for amphibians, and temperate forest and grassland biomes were highly represented relative to their percentage of land coverage. Studies that used the most reliable study designs ‐ before‐after control‐impact and randomized controlled trials ‐ were the most geographically restricted and scarce in the evidence base. There were negative spatial relationships between the numbers of studies and the numbers of threatened and data‐deficient species worldwide. Taxonomic biases and gaps were apparent for amphibians and birds–some entire orders were absent from the evidence base–whereas others were poorly represented relative to the proportion of threatened species they contained. Metrics used to evaluate effectiveness of conservation actions were often inconsistent between studies, potentially making them less directly comparable and evidence synthesis more difficult. Testing conservation actions on threatened species outside Western Europe, North America and Australasia should be prioritized. Standardizing metrics and improving the rigor of study designs used to test conservation actions would also improve the quality of the evidence base for synthesis and decision‐making.
Published: 2021

39. Refocusing multiple stressor research around the targets and scales of ecological impacts

Author: Simmons, Benno I, Blyth, Penelope S A, Blanchard, Julia L, Clegg, Tom, Delmas, Eva, Garnier, Aurélie, Griffiths, Christopher A, Jacob, Ute, Pennekamp, Frank, Petchey, Owen L, Poisot, Timothée, Webb, Thomas J, Beckerman, Andrew P, University of Zurich, and Simmons, Benno I
Subjects: 10127 Institute of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, 1105 Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Ecology, Behavior and Systematics, UFSP13-8 Global Change and Biodiversity, Evolution, 570 Life sciences, biology, 590 Animals (Zoology), 2303 Ecology
Published: 2021
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40. Innovation and forward‐thinking are needed to improve traditional synthesis methods: A response to Pescott and Stewart

Author: Christie, Alec P., primary, Amano, Tatsuya, additional, Martin, Philip A., additional, Shackelford, Gorm E., additional, Simmons, Benno I., additional, and Sutherland, William J., additional
Published: 2022
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41. CropPol: A dynamic, open and global database on crop pollination

Author: Allen‐Perkins, Alfonso, primary, Magrach, Ainhoa, additional, Dainese, Matteo, additional, Garibaldi, Lucas A., additional, Kleijn, David, additional, Rader, Romina, additional, Reilly, James R., additional, Winfree, Rachael, additional, Lundin, Ola, additional, McGrady, Carley M., additional, Brittain, Claire, additional, Biddinger, David J., additional, Artz, Derek R., additional, Elle, Elizabeth, additional, Hoffman, George, additional, Ellis, James D., additional, Daniels, Jaret, additional, Gibbs, Jason, additional, Campbell, Joshua W., additional, Brokaw, Julia, additional, Wilson, Julianna K., additional, Mason, Keith, additional, Ward, Kimiora L., additional, Gundersen, Knute B., additional, Bobiwash, Kyle, additional, Gut, Larry, additional, Rowe, Logan M., additional, Boyle, Natalie K., additional, Williams, Neal M., additional, Joshi, Neelendra K., additional, Rothwell, Nikki, additional, Gillespie, Robert L., additional, Isaacs, Rufus, additional, Fleischer, Shelby J., additional, Peterson, Stephen S., additional, Rao, Sujaya, additional, Pitts‐Singer, Theresa L., additional, Fijen, Thijs, additional, Boreux, Virginie, additional, Rundlöf, Maj, additional, Viana, Blandina Felipe, additional, Klein, Alexandra‐Maria, additional, Smith, Henrik G., additional, Bommarco, Riccardo, additional, Carvalheiro, Luísa G., additional, Ricketts, Taylor H., additional, Ghazoul, Jaboury, additional, Krishnan, Smitha, additional, Benjamin, Faye E., additional, Loureiro, João, additional, Castro, Sílvia, additional, Raine, Nigel E., additional, de Groot, Gerard Arjen, additional, Horgan, Finbarr G., additional, Hipólito, Juliana, additional, Smagghe, Guy, additional, Meeus, Ivan, additional, Eeraerts, Maxime, additional, Potts, Simon G., additional, Kremen, Claire, additional, García, Daniel, additional, Miñarro, Marcos, additional, Crowder, David W., additional, Pisanty, Gideon, additional, Mandelik, Yael, additional, Vereecken, Nicolas J., additional, Leclercq, Nicolas, additional, Weekers, Timothy, additional, Lindstrom, Sandra A. M., additional, Stanley, Dara A., additional, Zaragoza‐Trello, Carlos, additional, Nicholson, Charlie C., additional, Scheper, Jeroen, additional, Rad, Carlos, additional, Marks, Evan A. N., additional, Mota, Lucie, additional, Danforth, Bryan, additional, Park, Mia, additional, Bezerra, Antônio Diego M., additional, Freitas, Breno M., additional, Mallinger, Rachel E., additional, Oliveira da Silva, Fabiana, additional, Willcox, Bryony, additional, Ramos, Davi L., additional, D. da Silva e Silva, Felipe, additional, Lázaro, Amparo, additional, Alomar, David, additional, González‐Estévez, Miguel A., additional, Taki, Hisatomo, additional, Cariveau, Daniel P., additional, Garratt, Michael P. D., additional, Nabaes Jodar, Diego N., additional, Stewart, Rebecca I. A., additional, Ariza, Daniel, additional, Pisman, Matti, additional, Lichtenberg, Elinor M., additional, Schüepp, Christof, additional, Herzog, Felix, additional, Entling, Martin H., additional, Dupont, Yoko L., additional, Michener, Charles D., additional, Daily, Gretchen C., additional, Ehrlich, Paul R., additional, Burns, Katherine L. W., additional, Vilà, Montserrat, additional, Robson, Andrew, additional, Howlett, Brad, additional, Blechschmidt, Leah, additional, Jauker, Frank, additional, Schwarzbach, Franziska, additional, Nesper, Maike, additional, Diekötter, Tim, additional, Wolters, Volkmar, additional, Castro, Helena, additional, Gaspar, Hugo, additional, Nault, Brian A., additional, Badenhausser, Isabelle, additional, Petersen, Jessica D., additional, Tscharntke, Teja, additional, Bretagnolle, Vincent, additional, Willis Chan, D. Susan, additional, Chacoff, Natacha, additional, Andersson, Georg K. S., additional, Jha, Shalene, additional, Colville, Jonathan F., additional, Veldtman, Ruan, additional, Coutinho, Jeferson, additional, Bianchi, Felix J. J. A., additional, Sutter, Louis, additional, Albrecht, Matthias, additional, Jeanneret, Philippe, additional, Zou, Yi, additional, Averill, Anne L., additional, Saez, Agustin, additional, Sciligo, Amber R., additional, Vergara, Carlos H., additional, Bloom, Elias H., additional, Oeller, Elisabeth, additional, Badano, Ernesto I., additional, Loeb, Gregory M., additional, Grab, Heather, additional, Ekroos, Johan, additional, Gagic, Vesna, additional, Cunningham, Saul A., additional, Åström, Jens, additional, Cavigliasso, Pablo, additional, Trillo, Alejandro, additional, Classen, Alice, additional, Mauchline, Alice L., additional, Montero‐Castaño, Ana, additional, Wilby, Andrew, additional, Woodcock, Ben A., additional, Sidhu, C. Sheena, additional, Steffan‐Dewenter, Ingolf, additional, Vogiatzakis, Ioannis N., additional, Herrera, José M., additional, Otieno, Mark, additional, Gikungu, Mary W., additional, Cusser, Sarah J., additional, Nauss, Thomas, additional, Nilsson, Lovisa, additional, Knapp, Jessica, additional, Ortega‐Marcos, Jorge J., additional, González, José A., additional, Osborne, Juliet L., additional, Blanche, Rosalind, additional, Shaw, Rosalind F., additional, Hevia, Violeta, additional, Stout, Jane, additional, Arthur, Anthony D., additional, Blochtein, Betina, additional, Szentgyorgyi, Hajnalka, additional, Li, Jin, additional, Mayfield, Margaret M., additional, Woyciechowski, Michał, additional, Nunes‐Silva, Patrícia, additional, Halinski de Oliveira, Rosana, additional, Henry, Steve, additional, Simmons, Benno I., additional, Dalsgaard, Bo, additional, Hansen, Katrine, additional, Sritongchuay, Tuanjit, additional, O'Reilly, Alison D., additional, Chamorro García, Fermín José, additional, Nates Parra, Guiomar, additional, Magalhães Pigozo, Camila, additional, and Bartomeus, Ignasi, additional
Published: 2022
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42. CropPol: a dynamic, open and global database on crop pollination

Author: Allen‐Perkins, Alfonso, Magrach, Ainhoa, Dainese, Matteo, Garibaldi, Lucas A., Kleijn, David, Rader, Romina, Reilly, James R., Winfree, Rachael, Lundin, Ola, McGrady, Carley M., Brittain, Claire, Biddinger, David J., Artz, Derek R., Elle, Elizabeth, Hoffman, George, Ellis, James D., Daniels, Jaret, Gibbs, Jason, Campbell, Joshua W., Brokaw, Julia, Wilson, Julianna K., Mason, Keith, Ward, Kimiora L., Gundersen, Knute B., Bobiwash, Kyle, Gut, Larry, Rowe, Logan M., Boyle, Natalie K., Williams, Neal M., Joshi, Neelendra K., Rothwell, Nikki, Gillespie, Robert L., Isaacs, Rufus, Fleischer, Shelby J., Peterson, Stephen S., Rao, Sujaya, Pitts‐Singer, Theresa L., Fijen, Thijs, Boreux, Virginie, Rundlöf, Maj, Viana, Blandina Felipe, Klein, Alexandra‐Maria, Smith, Henrik G., Bommarco, Riccardo, Carvalheiro, Luísa G., Ricketts, Taylor H., Ghazoul, Jaboury, Krishnan, Smitha, Benjamin, Faye E., Loureiro, João, Castro, Sílvia, Raine, Nigel E., Groot, Gerard Arjen, Horgan, Finbarr G., Hipólito, Juliana, Smagghe, Guy, Meeus, Ivan, Eeraerts, Maxime, Potts, Simon G., Kremen, Claire, García, Daniel, Miñarro, Marcos, Crowder, David W., Pisanty, Gideon, Mandelik, Yael, Vereecken, Nicolas J., Leclercq, Nicolas, Weekers, Timothy, Lindstrom, Sandra A.M., Stanley, Dara A., Zaragoza‐Trello, Carlos, Nicholson, Charlie C., Scheper, Jeroen, Rad, Carlos, Marks, Evan A.N., Mota, Lucie, Danforth, Bryan, Park, Mia, Bezerra, Antônio Diego M., Freitas, Breno M., Mallinger, Rachel E., Silva, Fabiana Oliveira, Willcox, Bryony, Ramos, Davi L., Silva e Silva, Felipe D., Lázaro, Amparo, Alomar, David, González‐Estévez, Miguel A., Taki, Hisatomo, Cariveau, Daniel P., Garratt, Michael P.D., Nabaes Jodar, Diego N., Stewart, Rebecca I.A., Ariza, Daniel, Pisman, Matti, Lichtenberg, Elinor M., Schüepp, Christof, Herzog, Felix, Entling, Martin H., Dupont, Yoko L., Michener, Charles D., Daily, Gretchen C., Ehrlich, Paul R., Burns, Katherine L.W., Vilà, Montserrat, Robson, Andrew, Howlett, Brad, Blechschmidt, Leah, Jauker, Frank, Schwarzbach, Franziska, Nesper, Maike, Diekötter, Tim, Wolters, Volkmar, Castro, Helena, Gaspar, Hugo, Nault, Brian A., Badenhausser, Isabelle, Petersen, Jessica D., Tscharntke, Teja, Bretagnolle, Vincent, Chan, D. Susan Willis, Chacoff, Natacha, Andersson, Georg K.S., Jha, Shalene, Colville, Jonathan F., Veldtman, Ruan, Coutinho, Jeferson, Bianchi, Felix J.J.A., Sutter, Louis, Albrecht, Matthias, Jeanneret, Philippe, Zou, Yi, Averill, Anne L., Saez, Agustin, Sciligo, Amber R., Vergara, Carlos H., Bloom, Elias H., Oeller, Elisabeth, Badano, Ernesto I., Loeb, Gregory M., Grab, Heather, Ekroos, Johan, Gagic, Vesna, Cunningham, Saul A., Åström, Jens, Cavigliasso, Pablo, Trillo, Alejandro, Classen, Alice, Mauchline, Alice L., Montero‐Castaño, Ana, Wilby, Andrew, Woodcock, Ben A., Sidhu, C. Sheena, Steffan‐Dewenter, Ingolf, Vogiatzakis, Ioannis N., Herrera, José M., Otieno, Mark, Gikungu, Mary W., Cusser, Sarah J., Nauss, Thomas, Nilsson, Lovisa, Knapp, Jessica, Ortega‐Marcos, Jorge J., González, José A., Osborne, Juliet L., Blanche, Rosalind, Shaw, Rosalind F., Hevia, Violeta, Stout, Jane, Arthur, Anthony D., Blochtein, Betina, Szentgyorgyi, Hajnalka, Li, Jin, Mayfield, Margaret M., Woyciechowski, Michał, Nunes‐Silva, Patrícia, Oliveira, Rosana Halinski, Henry, Steve, Simmons, Benno I., Dalsgaard, Bo, Hansen, Katrine, Sritongchuay, Tuanjit, O'Reilly, Alison D., García, Fermín José Chamorro, Parra, Guiomar Nates, Pigozo, Camila Magalhães, Bartomeus, Ignasi, Allen‐Perkins, Alfonso, Magrach, Ainhoa, Dainese, Matteo, Garibaldi, Lucas A., Kleijn, David, Rader, Romina, Reilly, James R., Winfree, Rachael, Lundin, Ola, McGrady, Carley M., Brittain, Claire, Biddinger, David J., Artz, Derek R., Elle, Elizabeth, Hoffman, George, Ellis, James D., Daniels, Jaret, Gibbs, Jason, Campbell, Joshua W., Brokaw, Julia, Wilson, Julianna K., Mason, Keith, Ward, Kimiora L., Gundersen, Knute B., Bobiwash, Kyle, Gut, Larry, Rowe, Logan M., Boyle, Natalie K., Williams, Neal M., Joshi, Neelendra K., Rothwell, Nikki, Gillespie, Robert L., Isaacs, Rufus, Fleischer, Shelby J., Peterson, Stephen S., Rao, Sujaya, Pitts‐Singer, Theresa L., Fijen, Thijs, Boreux, Virginie, Rundlöf, Maj, Viana, Blandina Felipe, Klein, Alexandra‐Maria, Smith, Henrik G., Bommarco, Riccardo, Carvalheiro, Luísa G., Ricketts, Taylor H., Ghazoul, Jaboury, Krishnan, Smitha, Benjamin, Faye E., Loureiro, João, Castro, Sílvia, Raine, Nigel E., Groot, Gerard Arjen, Horgan, Finbarr G., Hipólito, Juliana, Smagghe, Guy, Meeus, Ivan, Eeraerts, Maxime, Potts, Simon G., Kremen, Claire, García, Daniel, Miñarro, Marcos, Crowder, David W., Pisanty, Gideon, Mandelik, Yael, Vereecken, Nicolas J., Leclercq, Nicolas, Weekers, Timothy, Lindstrom, Sandra A.M., Stanley, Dara A., Zaragoza‐Trello, Carlos, Nicholson, Charlie C., Scheper, Jeroen, Rad, Carlos, Marks, Evan A.N., Mota, Lucie, Danforth, Bryan, Park, Mia, Bezerra, Antônio Diego M., Freitas, Breno M., Mallinger, Rachel E., Silva, Fabiana Oliveira, Willcox, Bryony, Ramos, Davi L., Silva e Silva, Felipe D., Lázaro, Amparo, Alomar, David, González‐Estévez, Miguel A., Taki, Hisatomo, Cariveau, Daniel P., Garratt, Michael P.D., Nabaes Jodar, Diego N., Stewart, Rebecca I.A., Ariza, Daniel, Pisman, Matti, Lichtenberg, Elinor M., Schüepp, Christof, Herzog, Felix, Entling, Martin H., Dupont, Yoko L., Michener, Charles D., Daily, Gretchen C., Ehrlich, Paul R., Burns, Katherine L.W., Vilà, Montserrat, Robson, Andrew, Howlett, Brad, Blechschmidt, Leah, Jauker, Frank, Schwarzbach, Franziska, Nesper, Maike, Diekötter, Tim, Wolters, Volkmar, Castro, Helena, Gaspar, Hugo, Nault, Brian A., Badenhausser, Isabelle, Petersen, Jessica D., Tscharntke, Teja, Bretagnolle, Vincent, Chan, D. Susan Willis, Chacoff, Natacha, Andersson, Georg K.S., Jha, Shalene, Colville, Jonathan F., Veldtman, Ruan, Coutinho, Jeferson, Bianchi, Felix J.J.A., Sutter, Louis, Albrecht, Matthias, Jeanneret, Philippe, Zou, Yi, Averill, Anne L., Saez, Agustin, Sciligo, Amber R., Vergara, Carlos H., Bloom, Elias H., Oeller, Elisabeth, Badano, Ernesto I., Loeb, Gregory M., Grab, Heather, Ekroos, Johan, Gagic, Vesna, Cunningham, Saul A., Åström, Jens, Cavigliasso, Pablo, Trillo, Alejandro, Classen, Alice, Mauchline, Alice L., Montero‐Castaño, Ana, Wilby, Andrew, Woodcock, Ben A., Sidhu, C. Sheena, Steffan‐Dewenter, Ingolf, Vogiatzakis, Ioannis N., Herrera, José M., Otieno, Mark, Gikungu, Mary W., Cusser, Sarah J., Nauss, Thomas, Nilsson, Lovisa, Knapp, Jessica, Ortega‐Marcos, Jorge J., González, José A., Osborne, Juliet L., Blanche, Rosalind, Shaw, Rosalind F., Hevia, Violeta, Stout, Jane, Arthur, Anthony D., Blochtein, Betina, Szentgyorgyi, Hajnalka, Li, Jin, Mayfield, Margaret M., Woyciechowski, Michał, Nunes‐Silva, Patrícia, Oliveira, Rosana Halinski, Henry, Steve, Simmons, Benno I., Dalsgaard, Bo, Hansen, Katrine, Sritongchuay, Tuanjit, O'Reilly, Alison D., García, Fermín José Chamorro, Parra, Guiomar Nates, Pigozo, Camila Magalhães, and Bartomeus, Ignasi
Abstract: Seventy five percent of the world's food crops benefit from insect pollination. Hence, there has been increased interest in how global change drivers impact this critical ecosystem service. Because standardized data on crop pollination are rarely available, we are limited in our capacity to understand the variation in pollination benefits to crop yield, as well as to anticipate changes in this service, develop predictions, and inform management actions. Here, we present CropPol, a dynamic, open and global database on crop pollination. It contains measurements recorded from 202 crop studies, covering 3,394 field observations, 2,552 yield measurements (i.e. berry weight, number of fruits and kg per hectare, among others), and 47,752 insect records from 48 commercial crops distributed around the globe. CropPol comprises 32 of the 87 leading global crops and commodities that are pollinator dependent. Malus domestica is the most represented crop (32 studies), followed by Brassica napus (22 studies), Vaccinium corymbosum (13 studies), and Citrullus lanatus (12 studies). The most abundant pollinator guilds recorded are honey bees (34.22% counts), bumblebees (19.19%), flies other than Syrphidae and Bombyliidae (13.18%), other wild bees (13.13%), beetles (10.97%), Syrphidae (4.87%), and Bombyliidae (0.05%). Locations comprise 34 countries distributed among Europe (76 studies), Northern America (60), Latin America and the Caribbean (29), Asia (20), Oceania (10), and Africa (7). Sampling spans three decades and is concentrated on 2001-05 (21 studies), 2006-10 (40), 2011-15 (88), and 2016-20 (50). This is the most comprehensive open global data set on measurements of crop flower visitors, crop pollinators and pollination to date, and we encourage researchers to add more datasets to this database in the future. This data set is released for non-commercial use only. Credits should be given to this paper (i.e., proper citation), and the products generated with this database should
Published: 2021

43. The influence of biogeographical and evolutionary histories on morphological trait-matching and resource specialization in mutualistic hummingbird-plant networks

Author: Dalsgaard, Bo, Maruyama, Pietro Kiyoshi, Sonne, Jesper, Hansen, Katrine, Zanata, Thais B., Abrahamczyk, Stefan, Alarcon, Ruben, Araujo, Andrea C., Araujo, Francielle P., Buzato, Silvana, Chavez-Gonzalez, Edgar, Coelho, Aline G., Cotton, Peter A., Diaz-Valenzuela, Roman, Dufke, Maria F., Enriquez, Paula L., Martins Dias Filho, Manoel, Fischer, Erich, Kohler, Glauco, Lara, Carlos, Las-Casas, Flor Maria G., Rosero Lasprilla, Liliana, Machado, Adriana O., Machado, Caio G., Maglianesi, Maria A., Malucelli, Tiago S., Marin-Gomez, Oscar H., Martinez-Garcia, Vanessa, Mendes de Azevedo-Junior, Severino, da Silva Neto, Edvaldo Nunes, Oliveira, Paulo E., Ornelas, Juan Francisco, Ortiz-Pulido, Raul, Partida-Lara, Ruth, Patino-Gonzalez, Blanca Itzel, Najara de Pinho Queiroz, Steffani, Ramirez-Burbano, Monica B., Rodrigo Rech, Andre, Rocca, Marcia A., Rodrigues, Licleia C., Rui, Ana M., Sazima, Ivan, Sazima, Marlies, Simmons, Benno I., Tinoco, Boris A., Varassin, Isabela G., Vasconcelos, Marcelo F., Vizentin-Bugoni, Jeferson, Watts, Stella, Kennedy, Jonathan D., Rahbek, Carsten, Schleuning, Matthias, Martin Gonzalez, Ana M., Dalsgaard, Bo, Maruyama, Pietro Kiyoshi, Sonne, Jesper, Hansen, Katrine, Zanata, Thais B., Abrahamczyk, Stefan, Alarcon, Ruben, Araujo, Andrea C., Araujo, Francielle P., Buzato, Silvana, Chavez-Gonzalez, Edgar, Coelho, Aline G., Cotton, Peter A., Diaz-Valenzuela, Roman, Dufke, Maria F., Enriquez, Paula L., Martins Dias Filho, Manoel, Fischer, Erich, Kohler, Glauco, Lara, Carlos, Las-Casas, Flor Maria G., Rosero Lasprilla, Liliana, Machado, Adriana O., Machado, Caio G., Maglianesi, Maria A., Malucelli, Tiago S., Marin-Gomez, Oscar H., Martinez-Garcia, Vanessa, Mendes de Azevedo-Junior, Severino, da Silva Neto, Edvaldo Nunes, Oliveira, Paulo E., Ornelas, Juan Francisco, Ortiz-Pulido, Raul, Partida-Lara, Ruth, Patino-Gonzalez, Blanca Itzel, Najara de Pinho Queiroz, Steffani, Ramirez-Burbano, Monica B., Rodrigo Rech, Andre, Rocca, Marcia A., Rodrigues, Licleia C., Rui, Ana M., Sazima, Ivan, Sazima, Marlies, Simmons, Benno I., Tinoco, Boris A., Varassin, Isabela G., Vasconcelos, Marcelo F., Vizentin-Bugoni, Jeferson, Watts, Stella, Kennedy, Jonathan D., Rahbek, Carsten, Schleuning, Matthias, and Martin Gonzalez, Ana M.
Abstract: Functional traits can determine pairwise species interactions, such as those between plants and pollinators. However, the effects of biogeography and evolutionary history on trait-matching and trait-mediated resource specialization remain poorly understood.We compiled a database of 93 mutualistic hummingbird-plant networks (including 181 hummingbird and 1,256 plant species), complemented by morphological measures of hummingbird bill and floral corolla length. We divided the hummingbirds into their principal clades and used knowledge on hummingbird biogeography to divide the networks into four biogeographical regions: Lowland South America, Andes, North & Central America, and the Caribbean islands. We then tested: (a) whether hummingbird clades and biogeographical regions differ in hummingbird bill length, corolla length of visited flowers and resource specialization, and (b) whether hummingbirds' bill length correlates with the corolla length of their food plants and with their level of resource specialization.Hummingbird clades dominated by long-billed species generally visited longer flowers and were the most exclusive in their resource use. Bill and corolla length and the degree of resource specialization were similar across mainland regions, but the Caribbean islands had shorter flowers and hummingbirds with more generalized interaction niches. Bill and corolla length correlated in all regions and most clades, that is, trait-matching was a recurrent phenomenon in hummingbird-plant associations. In contrast, bill length did not generally mediate resource specialization, as bill length was only weakly correlated with resource specialization within one hummingbird clade (Brilliants) and in the regions of Lowland South America and the Andes in which plants and hummingbirds have a long co-evolutionary history. Supplementary analyses including bill curvature confirmed that bill morphology (length and curvature) does not in general predict resource
Published: 2021

44. Niche and neutral processes leave distinct structural imprints on indirect interactions in mutualistic networks

Author: Simmons, Benno I., Beckerman, Andrew P., Hansen, Katrine, Maruyama, Pietro K., Televantos, Constantinos, Vizentin-Bugoni, Jeferson, Dalsgaard, Bo, Simmons, Benno I., Beckerman, Andrew P., Hansen, Katrine, Maruyama, Pietro K., Televantos, Constantinos, Vizentin-Bugoni, Jeferson, and Dalsgaard, Bo
Abstract: Indirect interactions are central to ecological and evolutionary dynamics in pollination communities, yet we have little understanding about the processes determining patterns of indirect interactions, such as those between pollinators through shared flowering plants. Instead, research has concentrated on the processes responsible for direct interactions and whole-network structures. This is partly due to a lack of appropriate tools for characterising indirect interaction structures, because traditional network metrics discard much of this information. The recent development of tools for counting motifs (subnetworks depicting interactions between a small number of species) in bipartite networks enables detailed analysis of indirect interaction patterns. Here we generate plant–hummingbird pollination networks based on three major assembly processes—neutral effects (species interacting in proportion to abundance), morphological matching and phenological overlap—and evaluate the motifs associated with each one. We find that different processes produce networks with significantly different patterns of indirect interactions. Neutral effects tend to produce densely connected motifs, with short indirect interaction chains, and motifs where many specialists interact indirectly through a single generalist. Conversely, niche-based processes (morphology and phenology) produced motifs with a core of interacting generalists, supported by peripheral specialists. These results have important implications for understanding the processes determining indirect interaction structures. A free Plain Language Summary can be found within the Supporting Information of this article.
Published: 2021

45. Limited potential for bird migration to disperse plants to cooler latitudes

Author: European Commission, Principado de Asturias, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Portugal), Arcadia Fund, González-Varo, Juan P., Romeu, Beatriz, Albretcht, Jörg, Arroyo, Juan M., Bueno, Rafael S., Burgos, Tamara, Silva, Luis Pascual da, Escribano-Ávila, Gema, Farwig, Nina, García, Daniel, Heleno, Rubén H., Illera, Juan Carlos, Jordano, Pedro, Kurek, Przemysław, Simmons, Benno I., Virgós, Emilio, Sutherland, William J., Traveset, Anna, European Commission, Principado de Asturias, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Portugal), Arcadia Fund, González-Varo, Juan P., Romeu, Beatriz, Albretcht, Jörg, Arroyo, Juan M., Bueno, Rafael S., Burgos, Tamara, Silva, Luis Pascual da, Escribano-Ávila, Gema, Farwig, Nina, García, Daniel, Heleno, Rubén H., Illera, Juan Carlos, Jordano, Pedro, Kurek, Przemysław, Simmons, Benno I., Virgós, Emilio, Sutherland, William J., and Traveset, Anna
Abstract: Climate change is forcing the redistribution of life on Earth at an unprecedented velocity1,2. Migratory birds are thought to help plants to track climate change through long-distance seed dispersal3,4. However, seeds may be consistently dispersed towards cooler or warmer latitudes depending on whether the fruiting period of a plant species coincides with northward or southward migrations. Here we assess the potential of plant communities to keep pace with climate change through long-distance seed dispersal by migratory birds. To do so, we combine phenological and migration information with data on 949 seed-dispersal interactions between 46 bird and 81 plant species from 13 woodland communities across Europe. Most of the plant species (86%) in these communities are dispersed by birds migrating south, whereas only 35% are dispersed by birds migrating north; the latter subset is phylogenetically clustered in lineages that have fruiting periods that overlap with the spring migration. Moreover, the majority of this critical dispersal service northwards is provided by only a few Palaearctic migrant species. The potential of migratory birds to assist a small, non-random sample of plants to track climate change latitudinally is expected to strongly influence the formation of novel plant communities, and thus affect their ecosystem functions and community assembly at higher trophic levels.
Published: 2021

46. Steps to diversify priority‐setting research in conservation: reflections on de Gracia 2021

Author: Jucker, Tommaso, primary, Amano, Tatsuya, additional, Bell, Alexandra, additional, Garnett, Emma E., additional, Geffert, Jan Laurens, additional, Guth, Miriam K., additional, Hacket‐Pain, Andrew, additional, Luke, Sarah H., additional, Mumby, Hannah S., additional, Nunes, Matheus, additional, Rademacher, Tim, additional, Rose, David C., additional, Schleicher, Judith, additional, Simmons, Benno I., additional, Zabala, Aiora, additional, and Mukherjee, Nibedita, additional
Published: 2021
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47. Moving from frugivory to seed dispersal: Incorporating the functional outcomes of interactions in plant–frugivore networks

Author: Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad (España), Simmons, Benno I. [0000-0002-2751-9430], García, Daniel [0000-0002-7334-7836], Jordano, Pedro [0000-0003-2142-9116], González-Varo, Juan P. [0000-0003-1439-6475], Simmons, Benno I., Sutherland, William J., Dicks, Lynn V., Albrecht, Jörg, Farwig, Nina, García, Daniel, Jordano, Pedro, González-Varo, Juan P., Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad (España), Simmons, Benno I. [0000-0002-2751-9430], García, Daniel [0000-0002-7334-7836], Jordano, Pedro [0000-0003-2142-9116], González-Varo, Juan P. [0000-0003-1439-6475], Simmons, Benno I., Sutherland, William J., Dicks, Lynn V., Albrecht, Jörg, Farwig, Nina, García, Daniel, Jordano, Pedro, and González-Varo, Juan P.
Abstract: 1. There is growing interest in understanding the functional outcomes of species interactions in ecological networks. For many mutualistic networks, including pollination and seed dispersal networks, interactions are generally sampled by recording animal foraging visits to plants. However, these visits may not reflect actual pollination or seed dispersal events, despite these typically being the ecological processes of interest. 2. Frugivorous animals can act as seed dispersers, by swallowing entire fruits and dispersing their seeds, or as pulp peckers or seed predators, by pecking fruits to consume pieces of pulp or seeds. These processes have opposing consequences for plant reproductive success. Therefore, equating visitation with seed dispersal could lead to biased inferences about the ecology, evolution and conservation of seed dispersal mutualisms. 3. Here, we use natural history information on the functional outcomes of pairwise bird–plant interactions to examine changes in the structure of seven European plant–frugivore visitation networks after non-mutualistic interactions (pulp pecking and seed predation) have been removed. Following existing knowledge of the contrasting structures of mutualistic and antagonistic networks, we hypothesized a number of changes following interaction removal, such as increased nestedness and lower specialization. 4. Non-mutualistic interactions with pulp peckers and seed predators occurred in all seven networks, accounting for 21%–48% of all interactions and 6%–24% of total interaction frequency. When non-mutualistic interactions were removed, there were significant increases in network-level metrics such as connectance and nestedness, while robustness decreased. These changes were generally small, homogenous and driven by decreases in network size. Conversely, changes in species-level metrics were more variable and sometimes large, with significant decreases in plant degree, interaction frequency, specialization and resilience
Published: 2018

48. Niche-based processes and neutrality influence patterns of indirect interactions in mutualistic networks

Author: Simmons, Benno I., Beckerman, Andrew P., Hansen, Katrine, Maruyama, Pietro K., Vizentin-Bugoni, Jeferson, and Dalsgaard, Bo
Abstract: Indirect interactions are central to ecological and evolutionary dynamics in pollination communities, yet we have little understanding about the processes determining patterns of indirect interactions, such as those between pollinators through shared flowering plants. Instead, research has concentrated on the processes responsible for direct interactions and whole-network structures. This is partly due to a lack of appropriate tools for characterising indirect interaction structures, because traditional network metrics discard much of this information. The recent development of tools for counting motifs (subnetworks depicting interactions between a small number of species) in bipartite networks enable detailed analysis of indirect interaction patterns. Here we generate plant-hummingbird pollination networks based on three major assembly processes – neutral effects (species interacting in proportion to abundance), morphological matching and phenological overlap – and evaluate the motifs associated with each one. We find that different processes produce networks with significantly different patterns of indirect interactions. Neutral effects tend to produce densely-connected motifs, with short indirect interaction chains, and motifs where many specialists interact indirectly through a single generalist. Conversely, niche-based processes (morphology and phenology) produced motifs with a core of interacting generalists, supported by peripheral specialists. These results have important implications for understanding the mechanisms determining indirect interaction structures.
Published: 2020
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49. Ecological mechanisms explaining interactions within plant-hummingbird networks:morphological matching increases towards lower latitudes

Author: Sonne, Jesper, Vizentin-Bugoni, Jeferson, Maruyama, Pietro K., Araujo, Andrea C., Chávez-González, Edgar, Coelho, Aline G., Cotton, Peter A., Marín-Gómez, Oscar H., Lara, Carlos, Lasprilla, Liliana R., Machado, Caio G., Maglianesi, Maria A., Malucelli, Tiago S., Gonzalez, Ana M. Martin, Oliveira, Genilda M., Oliveira, Paulo E., Ortiz-Pulido, Raul, Rocca, Márcia A., Rodrigues, Licléia C., Sazima, Ivan, Simmons, Benno I., Tinoco, Boris, Varassin, Isabela G., Vasconcelos, Marcelo F., O'Hara, Bob, Schleuning, Matthias, Rahbek, Carsten, Sazima, Marlies, Dalsgaard, Bo, Sonne, Jesper, Vizentin-Bugoni, Jeferson, Maruyama, Pietro K., Araujo, Andrea C., Chávez-González, Edgar, Coelho, Aline G., Cotton, Peter A., Marín-Gómez, Oscar H., Lara, Carlos, Lasprilla, Liliana R., Machado, Caio G., Maglianesi, Maria A., Malucelli, Tiago S., Gonzalez, Ana M. Martin, Oliveira, Genilda M., Oliveira, Paulo E., Ortiz-Pulido, Raul, Rocca, Márcia A., Rodrigues, Licléia C., Sazima, Ivan, Simmons, Benno I., Tinoco, Boris, Varassin, Isabela G., Vasconcelos, Marcelo F., O'Hara, Bob, Schleuning, Matthias, Rahbek, Carsten, Sazima, Marlies, and Dalsgaard, Bo
Abstract: Interactions between species are influenced by different ecological mechanisms, such as morphological matching, phenological overlap and species abundances. How these mechanisms explain interaction frequencies across environmental gradients remains poorly understood. Consequently, we also know little about the mechanisms that drive the geographical patterns in network structure, such as complementary specialization and modularity. Here, we use data on morphologies, phenologies and abundances to explain interaction frequencies between hummingbirds and plants at a large geographical scale. For 24 quantitative networks sampled throughout the Americas, we found that the tendency of species to interact with morphologically matching partners contributed to specialized and modular network structures. Morphological matching best explained interaction frequencies in networks found closer to the equator and in areas with low-temperature seasonality. When comparing the three ecological mechanisms within networks, we found that both morphological matching and phenological overlap generally outperformed abundances in the explanation of interaction frequencies. Together, these findings provide insights into the ecological mechanisms that underlie geographical patterns in resource specialization. Notably, our results highlight morphological constraints on interactions as a potential explanation for increasing resource specialization towards lower latitudes.
Published: 2020

50. Landscape-level effects of forest on pollinators and fruit set of guava (Psidium guajava L.) in orchards across Southern Thailand

Author: Hansen, Katrine, Sritongchuay, Tuanjit, Bumrungsri , Sara, Simmons, Benno I., Strange, Niels, Dalsgaard, Bo, Hansen, Katrine, Sritongchuay, Tuanjit, Bumrungsri , Sara, Simmons, Benno I., Strange, Niels, and Dalsgaard, Bo
Abstract: Pollination by wild pollinators is a key ecosystem service threatened by anthropogenic-induced land-use change. The proximity to natural habitat has previously been shown to positively affect pollinator communities and improve crop yield and quality but empirical evidence is limited from most parts of the World. Here, across six farms in Southern Thailand, we investigated the significance of landscape-level effects of natural habitat (proportion of and distance to evergreen forest) on both visitation rate and richness of pollinators as well as fruit set of guava (Psidium guajava L.), a local economically-important crop in the tropics. Overall, the most abundant pollinator was the Asian honey bee Apis cerana (39% of all visits) and different species of stingless bees (37%). We found that pollinator richness was unrelated to the proportion and distance to evergreen forest, however, the proportion of forest within a 1, 5 and 10 km radius had a significant positive impact on visitation rate of wild pollinators. Still, neither the various forest parameters nor pollinator visitation rate showed a significant impact on fruit set of guava, perhaps because guava self-pollinates. This illustrates that landscape-level degradation of natural habitat may negatively impact pollinator communities without diminishing the crop yield of the farmers.
Published: 2020

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