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Protection of hydrological heritage sites, water protection segment, is an integral part of nature conservation. Today it is the basic theme of the hydrological heritage, the new field of hydrology and geo-heritage, which, by exploring and evaluating hydrological diversity of a particular area and identifying representative water phenomena, sets their preservation and protection as one of the utmost objectives. Two main problems in the protection of water phenomena in Serbia are: inadequate attitude of the individual and society, as a result of poor knowledge of the characteristics and values of waters, and the ever-present need for men to use them (as resources). Lack of understanding, in the professional sphere, the value and importance of water phenomena in the natural system - as a result of a firmly based biocentrism in nature conservation, lack of hydrologic group within the geo-heritage and a small number of interested professionals are some of the associated problems that limit the activities in this field. Specific problems - from the lack of organized and synchronized scientific research to the lack of a database on the hydrological heritage sites, are somewhat common to other segments of the nature conservation of Serbia. There are three possible directions of the future actions on the protection of hydrological heritage sites of Serbia: complete protection, protection with utilization for the needs of tourism and protection with utilization for the needs of water management. The most complex task of hydrological heritage will just be to combine the preservation and protection with tourism and water management, because it is diverse and often conflicting industries about. A possible solution to this problem is illustrated through the idea of water reserves.

Incomplete definitions of geodiversity and geoheritage caused the domination of clearly geological approach to these scientific problems. That is the reason why some of the integral elements of geographical environment were neglected. Wrong theoretical assumptions reflected negatively the determination and advancement of this scientific discipline. The reasons for such condition are mentioned in the paper, as well as the necessity of different and more comprehensive perspective of geodiversity and geoheritage, by which the directions of the future development are implied. ., Nepotpune definicije geodiverziteta i geonasleđa uzrokovale su dominaciju čisto geološkog pristupa ovim naučnim problemima. To je razlog što su neki od sastavnih segmenata geografske sredine bili zanemareni. Pogrešne teorijske postavke negativno su se odrazile na utvrđivanje i unapređenje ove naučne oblasti. U radu su navedeni razlozi ovakvog stanja, ukazano je na potrebu drugačijeg i obuhvatnijeg sagledavanja geodiverziteta i geonasleđa, čime se nagoveštavaju pravci budućeg razvoja. .

Ваљевске планине су део јединственог венца Подрињско–ваљевских планина, који представља истакнуту црту рељефа западне Србије. Простиру се у смеру запад–северозапад – исток–југоисток, од превоја Прослоп, који одваја Соколске планине (подрињски низ) од Медведника (ваљевски низ) до Проструге, на крајњим североисточним обронцима Рајца изнад Бољковачког раседа. Ваљевске планине чине: Медведник, Јабланик, Повлен, Магљеш, Маљен, Сувобор и Рајац. Природна разноликост Ваљевских планина од литолошке грађе, преко климатских одлика до биљног покривача резултирала је разноврсношћу вода и њихових појава. Тиме је иницирано ово истраживање, са циљем детаљног упознавања особености – богатства и разноврсности површинских вода овог краја и њихових односа, као и природно–географских услова који су их обликовали..., The Valjevo mountain range is part of a unique range of Podrinje–Valjevo Mountains, which at the same time represents a prominent characteristic of western Serbia relief. Valjevo mountains stretch in the west–northwest – east–southeast direction, from Proslop mountain pass, which separates Sokolske mountains (Podrinje range) from Medvednik (Valjevo range), all the way to Prostruga at the farthest northeast slopes of Rajac mountain above Boljkovački fault. Valjevo mountains include Medvednik, Jablanik, Povlen, Maglješ, Maljen, Suvobor and Rajac. The natural diversity of Valjevo mountains including their lithological composition, climatic features and plant cover has resulted in a variety of waters and their phenomena. This fact initiated a detailed research of the richness and diversity of surface waters in this area and their relationships, as well as of natural and geographical conditions that formed these phenomena...

The alternation of glacial and carts processes as the consequence of frequent changes of glacial and interglacial phases could be recognized at the mountains Durmitor and Žijovo. Re-modeling of glacial morphology (cirques and trough valleys) carved currently karst topography with domination of uvalas. Their size and shape vary considerably as the consequence of differences within the preexisting glacial forms. Duration and intensity of kartification, which re-modeled former glacial forms into karst landforms, determine the degree of uvalas development and formation of three distinct evolution types of high-mountainous uvalas: glacial, glacial-karst and glaciofluvial., Kao posledica čestih smena glacijalnih i interglacijalnih faza na planinama Durmitor i Žijovo dolazi do smena glacijalnog i kraškog procesa. Premodeliranjem glacijalne morfologije (cirkovi i valovi) izgrađuje se savremeni kraški reljef u kome dominiraju uvale. Različita veličina i oblik uvala posledica je različitosti glacijalnih oblika koji su im prethodili. Trajanje i intenzitet kraškog procesa, kojima su nekadašnji glacijalni oblici premodelirani u kraške, odredili su stepen razijenosti uvala i izgradnju tri evolutivna tipa visokoplaninskih uvala: glacijalne, glacijalno-kraške i glacijalno-fluvijalne uvale.