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21 results on '"Simeon Reusch"'

1. tdescore: An Accurate Photometric Classifier for Tidal Disruption Events

Author

Robert Stein, Ashish Mahabal, Simeon Reusch, Matthew Graham, Mansi M. Kasliwal, Marek Kowalski, Suvi Gezari, Erica Hammerstein, Szymon J. Nakoneczny, Matt Nicholl, Jesper Sollerman, Sjoert van Velzen, Yuhan Yao, Russ R. Laher, and Ben Rusholme

Subjects
Tidal disruption, Time domain astronomy, Black holes, Galaxy nuclei, Sky surveys, Astrophysics, QB460-466
Abstract

Optical surveys have become increasingly adept at identifying candidate tidal disruption events (TDEs) in large numbers, but classifying these generally requires extensive spectroscopic resources. Here we present tdescore , a simple binary photometric classifier that is trained using a systematic census of ∼3000 nuclear transients from the Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF). The sample is highly imbalanced, with TDEs representing ∼2% of the total. tdescore is nonetheless able to reject non-TDEs with 99.6% accuracy, yielding a sample of probable TDEs with recall of 77.5% for a precision of 80.2%. tdescore is thus substantially better than any available TDE photometric classifier scheme in the literature, with performance not far from spectroscopy as a method for classifying ZTF nuclear transients, despite relying solely on ZTF data and multiwavelength catalog cross matching. In a novel extension, we use “Shapley additive explanations” to provide a human-readable justification for each individual tdescore classification, enabling users to understand and form opinions about the underlying classifier reasoning. tdescore can serve as a model for photometric identification of TDEs with time-domain surveys, such as the upcoming Rubin observatory.

Published
2024
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3. In Search of Short Gamma-ray Burst Optical Counterparts with the Zwicky Transient Facility

Author

Tomas Ahumada, Shreya Anand, Michael W Coughlin, Igor Andreoni, Erik C Kool, Harsh Kumar, Simeon Reusch, Ana Sagues-Carracedo, Robert Stein, S Bradley Cenko, Mansi M Kasliwal, Leo P Singer, Rachel Dunwoody, Joseph Mangan, Varun Bhalerao, Mattia Bulla, Eric Burns, Matthew J Graham, David L Kaplan, Daniel A Perley, Mouza Almualla, Joshua S Bloom, Virginia A Cunningham, Kishalay De, Pradip Gatkine, Anna Y Q Ho, Viraj Karambelkar, Albert K H Kong, Yuhan Yao, G C Anupama, Sudhanshu Barwey, Shaon Ghosh, Ryosuke Itoh, Sheila McBreen, Eric C Bellm, Christoffer Fremling, Russ R Laher, Ashish A Mahabal, Reed L Riddle, Philippe Rosnet, Benjamin Rusholme, Roger Smith, Jesper Sollerman, Elisabetta Bissaldi, Corinne Fletcher, Rachel Hamburg, Bagrat Mailyan, Christian Malacaria, and Oliver Roberts

Subjects
Astronomy
Abstract

The Fermi Gamma-ray Burst Monitor (GBM) triggers on-board in response to∼40 short gamma-ray bursts (SGRBs) per year; however, their large localization regions have made the search for optical counterparts a challenging endeavour. We have developed and executed an extensive program with the wide field of view of the Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF) camera, mounted on the Palomar 48 inch Oschin telescope (P48), to perform target-of-opportunity (ToO) observations on 10Fermi-GBM SGRBsduring 2018 and 2020-2021. Bridging the large sky areas with small field of view optical telescopesin order to track the evolution of potential candidates, we look for the elusive SGRB afterglows andkilonovae (KNe) associated with these high-energy events. No counterpart has yet been found, eventhough more than 10 ground based telescopes, part of the Global Relay of Observatories WatchingTransients Happen (GROWTH) network, have taken part in these efforts. The candidate selectionprocedure and the follow-up strategy have shown that ZTF is an efficient instrument for searchingfor poorly localized SGRBs, retrieving a reasonable number of candidates to follow-up and showingpromising capabilities as the community approaches the multi-messenger era. Based on the medianlimiting magnitude of ZTF, our searches would have been able to retrieve a GW170817-like event upto∼200 Mpc and SGRB afterglows to z = 0.16 or 0.4, depending on the assumed underlying energymodel. Future ToOs will expand the horizon to z = 0.2 and 0.7 respectively.

Published
2022
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4. Neutrino follow-up with the Zwicky transient facility: results from the first 24 campaigns

Author

Robert Stein, Simeon Reusch, Anna Franckowiak, Marek Kowalski, Jannis Necker, Sven Weimann, Mansi M Kasliwal, Jesper Sollerman, Tomas Ahumada, Pau Amaro Seoane, Shreya Anand, Igor Andreoni, Eric C Bellm, Joshua S Bloom, Michael Coughlin, Kishalay De, Christoffer Fremling, Suvi Gezari, Matthew Graham, Steven L Groom, George Helou, David L Kaplan, Viraj Karambelkar, Albert K H Kong, Erik C Kool, Massimiliano Lincetto, Ashish A Mahabal, Frank J Masci, Michael S Medford, Robert Morgan, Jakob Nordin, Hector Rodriguez, Yashvi Sharma, Jakob van Santen, Sjoert van Velzen, and Lin Yan

Subjects
High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

The Zwicky Transient Transient Facility (ZTF) performs a systematic neutrino follow-up program, searching for optical counterparts to high-energy neutrinos with dedicated Target-of-Opportunity (ToO) observations. Since first light in March 2018, ZTF has taken prompt observations for 24 high-quality neutrino alerts from the IceCube Neutrino Observatory, with a median latency of 12.2 hours from initial neutrino detection. From two of these campaigns, we have already reported tidal disruption event (TDE) AT2019dsg and likely TDE AT2019fdr as probable counterparts, suggesting that TDEs contribute >7.8% of the astrophysical neutrino flux. We here present the full results of our program through to December 2021. No additional candidate neutrino sources were identified by our program, allowing us to place the first constraints on the underlying optical luminosity function of astrophysical neutrino sources. Transients with optical absolutes magnitudes brighter that -21 can contribute no more than 87% of the total, while transients brighter than -22 can contribute no more than 58% of the total, neglecting the effect of extinction. These are the the first observational constraints on the neutrino emission of bright populations such as superluminous supernovae. None of the neutrinos were coincident with bright optical AGN flares comparable to that observed for TXS 0506+056/IC170922A, suggesting that most astrophysical neutrinos are not produced during such optical flares. We highlight the outlook for electromagnetic neutrino follow-up programs, including the expected potential for the Rubin Observatory., Submitted to MNRAS, comments welcome!

Published
2023
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5. Discovery and Confirmation of the Shortest Gamma-Ray Burst from a Collapsar

Author

Tomás Ahumada, Leo P Singer, Shreya Anand, Michael W Coughlin, Mansi M Kasliwal, Geoffrey Ryan, Igor Andreoni, S Bradley Cenko, Christoffer Fremling, Harsh Kumar, Peter T H Pang, Eric Burns, Virginia Cunningham, Simone Dichiara, Tim Dietrich, Dmitry S. Svinkin, Mouza Almualla, Alberto J Castro-Tirado, Kishalay De, Rachel Dunwoody, Pradip Gatkine, Erica Hammerstein, Shabnam Iyyani, Joseph Mangan, Dan Perley, Sonalika Purkayastha, Eric Bellm, Varun Bhalerao, Bryce Bolin, Mattia Bulla, Christopher Cannella, Poonam Chandra, Dmitry A Duev, Dmitry Frederiks, Avishay Gal-Yam, Matthew Graham, Anna Y Q Ho, Kevin Hurley, Viraj Karambelkar, Erik C Kool, S R Kulkarni, Ashish Mahabal, Frank Masci, Sheila McBreen, Shashi B Pandey, Simeon Reusch, Anna Ridnaia, Philippe Rosnet, Benjamin Rusholme, Ana Sagués Carracedo, Roger Smith, Maayane Soumagnac, Robert Stein, Eleonora Troja, Anastasia Tsvetkova, Richard Walters, and Azamat F Valeev

Subjects
Astronomy
Abstract

Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are among the brightest and most energetic events in the Universe. The duration and hardness distribution of GRBs has two clusters, now understood to reflect (at least) two different progenitors. Short-hard GRBs (SGRBs; T(sub 90) < 2 s) arise from compact binary mergers, and long-soft GRBs (LGRBs; T(sub 90) > 2 s) have been attributed to the collapse of peculiar massive stars (collapsars). The discovery of SN 1998bw/GRB 980425 marked the first association of an LGRB with a collapsar, and AT 2017gfo/GRB 170817A/GW170817 marked the first association of an SGRB with a binary neutron star merger, which also produced a gravitational wave. Here, we present the discovery of ZTF20abwysqy (AT2020scz), a fast-fading optical transient in the Fermi satellite and the Interplanetary Network localization regions of GRB 200826A; X-ray and radio emission further confirm that this is the afterglow. Follow-up imaging (at rest-frame 16.5 days) reveals excess emission above the afterglow that cannot be explained as an underlying kilonova, but which is consistent with being the supernova. Although the GRB duration is short (rest-frame T90 of 0.65 s), our panchromatic follow-up data confirm a collapsar origin. GRB 200826A is the shortest LGRB found with an associated collapsar; it appears to sit on the brink between a successful and a failed collapsar. Our discovery is consistent with the hypothesis that most collapsars fail to produce ultra-relativistic jets.

Published
2021
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6. Optical Follow-Up of the Neutron Star-Black Hole Mergers S200105ae and S200115j

Author

Shreya Anand, Michael W. Coughlin, Mansi M. Kasliwal, Mattia Bulla, Tomas Ahumada, Ana Sagués Carracedo, Mouza Almualla, Igor Andreoni, Robert Stein, Francois Foucart, Leo P. Singer, Jesper Sollerman, Eric C. Bellm, Bryce Bolin, M. D. Caballero-García, Alberto J. Castro-Tirado, S. Bradley Cenko, Kishalay De, Richard G. Dekany, Dmitry A. Duev, Michael Feeney, Christoffer Fremling, Daniel A. Goldstein, V. Zach Golkhou, Matthew J. Graham, Nidhal Guessoum, Matthew J. Hankins, Youdong Hu, Albert K. H. Kong, Erik C. Kool, S R Kulkarni, Harsh Kumar, Russ R. Laher, Frank J. Masci, Przemek Mróz, Samaya Nissanke, Michael Porter, Simeon Reusch, Reed Riddle, Philippe Rosnet, Benjamin Rusholme, Eugene Serabyn, R. Sánchez-Ramírez, Mickael Rigault, David L. Shupe, Roger Smith, Maayane T. Soumagnac, Richard Walters, and Azamat F. Valeev

Subjects
Astrophysics
Abstract

LIGO and Virgo’s third observing run revealed the first neutron star–black hole (NSBH) merger candidates in gravitational waves. These events are predicted to synthesize r-process elements creating optical/near-infrared ‘kilonova’ emission. The joint gravitational wave and electromagnetic detection of an NSBH merger could be used to constrain the equation of state of dense nuclear matter, and independently measure the local expansion rate of the Universe. Here, we present the optical follow-up and analysis of two of the only three high-significance NSBH merger candidates detected to date, S200105ae and S200115j, with the Zwicky Transient Facility. The Zwicky Transient Facility observed ~48% of S200105ae and ~22% of S200115j’s localization probabilities, with observations sensitive to kilonovae brighter than −17.5 mag fading at 0.5 mag d−1 in the g- and r-bands; extensive searches and systematic follow-up of candidates did not yield a viable counterpart. We present state-of-the-art kilonova models tailored to NSBH systems that place constraints on the ejecta properties of these NSBH mergers. We show that with observed depths of apparent magnitude ~22 mag, attainable in metre-class, wide-field-of-view survey instruments, strong constraints on ejecta mass are possible, with the potential to rule out low mass ratios, high black hole spins and large neutron star radii.

Published
2020
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7. Searching for VHE gamma-ray emission associated with IceCube neutrino alerts using FACT, H.E.S.S., MAGIC, and VERITAS

Author

Konstancja, Satalecka, Acciari, Victor A., Stefano, Ansoldi, Lucio Angelo Antonelli, Axel Arbet Engels, Manuel, Artero, Katsuaki, Asano, Dominik, Baack, Ana, Babic, Andr('(e))s, Baquero, Ulisses Barres de Almeida, Juan Abel Barrio, Ivana, Batkovi('(c)), Josefa Becerra Gonzalez, Wlodek, Bednarek, Lorenzo, Bellizzi, Elisa, Bernardini, Maria-Isabel, Bernardos, Alessio, Berti, Jürgen, Besenrieder, Wrijupan, Bhattacharyya, Ciro, Bigongiari, Adrian, Biland, Oscar, Blanch, Hendrik, Bökenkamp, Giacomo, Bonnoli, Zeljka, Bosnjak, Giovanni, Busetto, Roberto, Carosi, Giovanni, Ceribella, Matteo, Cerruti, Yating, Chai, Ashot, Chilingarian, Stefan, Cikota, Sidika Merve Colak, Eduardo, Colombo, Jose Luis Contreras, Juan, Cortina, Stefano, Covino, Giacomo D( extquotesingle)Amico, Valerio D( extquotesingle)Elia, Paolo Da Vela, Francesco, Dazzi, Alessandro De Angelis, Barbara De Lotto, Manuel, Delfino, Jordi, Delgado, Carlos Delgado Mendez, Davide, Depaoli, Federico Di Pierro, Leonardo Di Venere, Elia Do Souto Espi(~(n))eira, Dijana Dominis Prester, Alice, Donini, Daniela, Dorner, Michele, Doro, Dominik, Elsaesser, Vandad Fallah Ramazani, Alicia, Fattorini, Maria Victoria Fonseca, Lluis, Font, Christian, Fruck, Satoshi, Fukami, Yasushi, Fukazawa, Garc('(i))a L('(o))pez, Ramon J., Markus, Garczarczyk, Sargis, Gasparyan, Markus, Gaug, Giglietto, Nicola, Francesco, Giordano, Pawel, Gliwny, Nikola, Godinovic, David, Green, Jarred Gershon Green, Daniela, Hadasch, Alexander, Hahn, Lea, Heckmann, Javier, Herrera, John, Hoang, Dario, Hrupec, Moritz, Hütten, Tomohiro, Inada, Kazuma, Ishio, Yuki, Iwamura, Irene Jim('(e))nez Mart('(i))nez, Jenni, Jormanainen, L('(e))a, Jouvin, Marie, Karjalainen, Daniel, Kerszberg, Yukiho, Kobayashi, Hidetoshi, Kubo, Junko, Kushida, Alessandra, Lamastra, Damir, Lelas, Francesco, Leone, Elina, Lindfors, Lena, Linhoff, Saverio, Lombardi, Francesco, Longo, Ruben, Lopez-Coto, Marcos, L('(o))pez-Moya, Alicia, L('(o))pez-Oramas, Loporchio, Serena, Bernardo Machado de Oliveira Fraga, Camilla, Maggio, Pratik, Majumdar, Martin, Makariev, Manuela, Mallamaci, Galina, Maneva, Marina, Manganaro, Karl, Mannheim, Laura, Maraschi, Mos(`(e)), Mariotti, Manel, Martinez, Daniel, Mazin, Stefano, Menchiari, Simone, Mender, Sa( (s))a Mi('(c))anovi('(c)), Davide, Miceli, Tjark, Miener, Jose Miguel Miranda, Razmik, Mirzoyan, Edgar, Molina, Abelardo, Moralejo, Daniel, Morcuende, Victoria, Moreno, Elena, Moretti, Takeshi, Nakamori, Lara, Nava, Vitaly, Neustroev, Cosimo, Nigro, Kari, Nilsson, Kyoshi, Nishijima, Koji, Noda, Seiya, Nozaki, Yoshiki, Ohtani, Tomohiko, Oka, Jorge, Otero-Santos, Simona, Paiano, Michele, Palatiello, David, Paneque, Riccardo, Paoletti, Paredes, Josep M., Lovro, Pavleti('(c)), Pablo, Pe(~(n))il, Massimo, Persic, Marine, Pihet, Pier Giorgio Prada Moroni, Elisa, Prandini, Chaitanya, Priyadarshi, Ivica, Puljak, Wolfgang, Rhode, Marc, Rib('(o)), Javier, Rico, Chiara, Righi, Andrea, Rugliancich, Narek, Sahakyan, Takayuki, Saito, Shunsuke, Sakurai, Francesco Gabriele Saturni, Bernd, Schleicher, Kevin, Schmidt, Thomas, Schweizer, Julian, Sitarek, Iva, ( (S))nidari('(c)), Dorota, Sobczy('(n))ska, Alessia, Spolon, Antonio, Stamerra, Jelena Stri( (s))kovi('(c)), Derek, Strom, Marcel, Strzys, Yusuke, Suda, Tihomir, Suri('(c)), Mitsunari, Takahashi, Ryuji, Takeishi, Fabrizio, Tavecchio, Petar, Temnikov, Tomislav, Terzic, Masahiro, Teshima, Luca, Tosti, Stefano, Truzzi, Antonio, Tutone, Santiago, Ubach, Juliane van Scherpenberg, Gaia, Vanzo, Monica VAZQUEZ ACOSTA, Sofia, Ventura, Vassil, Verguilov, Carlo Francesco Vigorito, Vincenzo, Vitale, Ievgen, Vovk, Martin, Will, Carolin, Wunderlich, Tokonatsu, Yamamoto, Darko, Zari('(c)), Matteo, Balbo, Thomas, Bretz, Jens, Buss, Laura, Eisenberger, Dorothee, Hildebrand, Roman, Iotov, Adelina, Kalenski, Dominik, Neise, Maximilian, Noethe, Aleksander, Paravac, Vitalii, Sliusar, Roland, Walter, Rasha, Abbasi, Markus, Ackermann, Jenni, Adams, Juanan, Aguilar, Ahlers, M., Maryon, Ahrens, Cyril Martin Alispach, Antonio Augusto Alves Junior, Najia Moureen Binte Amin, Rui, An, Karen, Andeen, Tyler, Anderson, Gisela, Anton, Carlos, Arguelles, Yosuke, Ashida, Spencer, Axani, Xinhua, Bai, Aswathi Balagopal, V., Anastasia Maria Barbano, Barwick, S. W., Benjamin, Bastian, Vedant, Basu, Sebastian, Baur, Bay, R. C., Beatty, J. J., Becker, K. -H., Julia Becker Tjus, Chiara, Bellenghi, Segev, Benzvi, Berley, D., Besson, D. Z., Gary, Binder, Daniel, Bindig, Blaufuss, E., Summer, Blot, Matthias, Boddenberg, Federico, Bontempo, Jurgen, Borowka, Boser, S., Olga, Botner, Jakob, Bottcher, Etienne, Bourbeau, Federica, Bradascio, Braun, J., Stephanie, Bron, Jannes, Brostean-Kaiser, Sally-Ann, Browne, Alexander, Burgman, Ryan, Burley, Raffaela, Busse, Michael, Campana, Erin, Carnie-Bronca, Chujie, Chen, Dmitry, Chirkin, Koun, Choi, Bryanlee, Clark, Kenneth, Clark, Lew, Classen, Alan, Coleman, Gabriel, Collin, Conrad, J. M., Paul, Coppin, Pablo, Correa, Cowen, D. F., Cross, R., Christian, Dappen, Pranav, Dave, Catherine DE CLERCQ, James, Delaunay, Hans, Dembinski, Kunal, Deoskar, Sam De Ridder, Abhishek, Desai, Paolo, Desiati, Krijn de Vries, Gwenhaël de Wasseige, Meike De With, Tyce, Deyoung, Sukeerthi, Dharani, Alejandro, Diaz, Juan Carlos Diaz-Velez, Markus, Dittmer, Hrvoje, Dujmovic, Matt, Dunkman, Michael, Duvernois, Emily, Dvorak, Thomas, Ehrhardt, Philipp, Eller, Ralph, Engel, Hannah, Erpenbeck, John, Evans, Evenson, P. A., Kwok Lung Fan, Fazely, A. R., Sebastian, Fiedlschuster, Aaron, Fienberg, Kirill, Filimonov, Chad, Finley, Leander, Fischer, Derek, B Fox, Anna, Franckowiak, Elizabeth, Friedman, Alexander, Fritz, Philipp, Furst, Gaisser, T. K., Jay, Gallagher, Erik, Ganster, Alfonso, Garcia, Simone, Garrappa, Gerhardt, L., Ava, Ghadimi, Christian, Glaser, Theo, Glauch, Thorsten, Glusenkamp, Goldschmidt, A., Javier, Gonzalez, Sreetama, Goswami, Darren, Grant, Timoth('(e))e, Gr('(e))goire, Spencer, Griswold, Mehmet, Gunduz, Christoph, Günther, Christian, Haack, Allan, Hallgren, Halliday, R., Halve, L., Halzen, F., Martin Ha Minh, Kael, Hanson, John, Hardin, Harnisch, Alexander A., Andreas, Haungs, Simon, Hauser, Dustin, Hebecker, Helbing, K., Felix, Henningsen, Hettinger, Emma C., Stephanie, Hickford, Joshua, Hignight, Colton, Hill, Hill, G. C., Kara, Hoffman, Ruth, Hoffmann, Tobias, Hoinka, Benjamin, Hokanson-Fasig, Hoshina, K., Feifei, Huang, Matthias, Huber, Thomas, Huber, Klas, Hultqvist, Mirco, Hunnefeld, Raamis, Hussain, Seongjin, In, Nad(`(e))ge, Iovine, Aya, Ishihara, Matti, Jansson, George, Japaridze, Minjin, Jeong, Ben, Jones, Donghwa, Kang, Woosik, Kang, Xinyue, Kang, Alexander, Kappes, David, Kappesser, Timo, Karg, Martina, Karl, Karle, A., Katz, U., Kauer, M., Moritz, Kellermann, Kelley, J. L., Ali, Kheirandish, Ken( extquotesingle)ichi Kin, Thomas, Kintscher, Joanna, Kiryluk, Spencer, Klein, Ramesh, Koirala, Hermann, Kolanoski, Tomas, Kontrimas, Lutz, Kopke, Claudio, Kopper, Sandro, Kopper, Koskinen, D. J., Paras, Koundal, Michael, Kovacevich, Marek, Kowalski, Tetiana, Kozynets, Emma, Kun, Naoko, Kurahashi, Neha, Lad, Cristina Lagunas Gualda, Justin, Lanfranchi, Michael, J Larson, Frederik Hermann Lauber, Jeffrey, Lazar, Jiwoong, Lee, Kayla, Leonard, Agnieszka, Leszczy('(n))ska, Yijia, Li, Massimiliano, Lincetto, Qinrui, Liu, Maria, Liubarska, Elisa, Lohfink, Cristian Jesus Lozano Mariscal, Lu, Lu, Francesco, Lucarelli, Andrew, Ludwig, William, Luszczak, Yang, Lyu, Wing Yan Ma, James, Madsen, Kendall, Mahn, Yuya, Makino, Sarah, Mancina, Ioana Codrina Maris, Maruyama, Reina H., Mase, K., Thomas, Mcelroy, Frank, Mcnally, James Vincent Mead, Meagher, K., Andres, Medina, Maximilian, Meier, Stephan, Meighen-Berger, Jessie, Micallef, Daniela, Mockler, Teresa, Montaruli, Roger, Moore, Morse, R., Marjon, Moulai, Richard, Naab, Ryo, Nagai, Uwe, Naumann, Jannis, Necker, Le Viet Nguyen, Hans, Niederhausen, Mehr, Nisa, Sarah, Nowicki, Dave, Nygren, Anna Obertacke Pollmann, Marie, Oehler, Olivas, A., Erin O( extquotesingle)Sullivan, Hershal, Pandya, Daria, Pankova, Nahee, Park, Grant, Parker, Ek Narayan Paudel, Larissa, Paul, Carlos Perez de los Heros, Lilly, Peters, Saskia, Philippen, Damian, Pieloth, Sarah, Pieper, Martin, Pittermann, Pizzuto, A., Plum, M., Yuiry, Popovych, Alessio, Porcelli, Maria Prado Rodriguez, Buford Price, P., Brandom, Pries, Gerald, Przybylski, Christoph, Raab, Amirreza, Raissi, Mohamed, Rameez, Rawlins, K., Immacolata Carmen Rea, Abdul, Rehman, Ren('(e)), Reimann, Giovanni, Renzi, Elisa, Resconi, Simeon, Reusch, Mike, Richman, Benedikt, Riedel, Ella, Roberts, Sally, Robertson, Gerrit, Roellinghoff, Martin, Rongen, Carsten, Rott, Tim, Ruhe, Dirk, Ryckbosch, Devyn Rysewyk Cantu, Ibrahim, Safa, Julian, Saffer, Sebastian Sanchez Herrera, Alexander, Sandrock, Joakim, Sandroos, Marcos, Santander, Subir, Sarkar, Sourav, Sarkar, Maximilian Karl Scharf, Merlin, Schaufel, Harald, Schieler, Sebastian, Schindler, Schlunder, P., Torsten, Schmidt, Austin, Schneider, Judith, Schneider, Schröder, Frank G., Lisa Johanna Schumacher, Georg, Schwefer, Steve, Sclafani, Seckel, D., Surujhdeo, Seunarine, Ankur, Sharma, Shefali, Shefali, Manuel, Silva, Barbara, Skrzypek, Ben, Smithers, Robert, Snihur, Jan, Soedingrekso, Dennis, Soldin, Christian, Spannfellner, Glenn, Spiczak, Christian, Spiering, Juliana, Stachurska, Michael, Stamatikos, Stanev, T., Robert, Stein, Joeran, Stettner, Steuer, A., Stezelberger, T., Timo, Sturwald, Thomas, Stuttard, Sullivan, G. W., Taboada, I., Frederik, Tenholt, Samvel, Ter-Antonyan, Tilav, S., Franziska, Tischbein, Kirsten, Tollefson, Christoph, Tönnis, Simona, Toscano, Delia, Tosi, Alexander, Trettin, Maria, Tselengidou, Chunfai, Tung, Andrea, Turcati, Roxanne, Turcotte, Colin, Turley, Jean Pierre Twagirayezu, Bunheng, Ty, Martin Unland Elorrieta, Nora, Valtonen-Mattila, Justin, Vandenbroucke, Nick van Eijndhoven, David, Vannerom, Jakob van Santen, Stef, Verpoest, Matthias, Vraeghe, Walck, C., Timothyblake, Watson, Chris, Weaver, Philip, Weigel, Andreas, Weindl, Matthew, Weiss, Jan, Weldert, Chris, Wendt, Johannes, Werthebach, Mark, Weyrauch, Nathan, Whitehorn, Wiebusch, C. H., Dawn, Williams, Martin, Wolf, Kurt, Woschnagg, Gerrit, Wrede, Johan, Wulff, Xianwu, Xu, Yiqian, Xu, Juan Pablo Yanez, Yoshida, S., Shiqi, Yu, Tianlu, Yuan, Zelong, Zhang, Weidong, Jin, Hassan, Abdalla, Felix, Aharonian, Faical, Ait-Benkhali, Oguzhan, Anguener, Cornelia, Arcaro, Celine, Armand, Tom, Armstrong, Halim, Ashkar, Michael, Backes, Vardan, Baghmanyan, Victor Barbosa Martins, Anna, Barnacka, Monica, Barnard, Rowan, Batzofin, Yvonne, Becherini, David, Berge, Konrad, Bernlöhr, Baiyang, Bi, Markus, Boettcher, Catherine, Boisson, Julien, Bolmont, Mathieu de Bony, Mischa, Breuhaus, Robert, Brose, Francois, Brun, Tomasz, Bulik, Thomas, Bylund, Floriane, Cangemi, Sami, Caroff, Sabrina, Casanova, Jaqueline, Catalano, Pauline, Chambery, Tej Bahadur Chand, Andrew, Chen, Garret, Cotter, Malgorzata, Curlo, Jean Damascene Mbarubucyeye, Isak Delberth Davids, James, Davies, Justine, Devin, Arache, Djannati-Ataï, Anton, Dmytriiev, Axel, Donath, Victor, Doroshenko, Lente, Dreyer, Louis Du Plessis, Connor, Duffy, Kathrin, Egberts, Sabrina, Einecke, Gabriel, Emery, Jean-Pierre, Ernenwein, Steven, Fegan, Kirsty, Feijen, Armand, Fiasson, Gaëtan Fichet de Clairfontaine, Gerard, Fontaine, Lott, Frans, Matthias, Fuessling, Stefan, Funk, Stefano, Gabici, Yves, Gallant, Shahede, Ghafourizade, Gianluca, Giavitto, Luca, Giunti, Dorit, Glawion, Jean-Francois, Glicenstein, Marie-H('(e))l(`(e))ne, Grondin, Sumari, Hattingh, Maria, Haupt, German, Hermann, Jim, Hinton, Werner, Hofmann, Clemens, Hoischen, Tim, Holch, Markus, Holler, Dieter, Horns, Zhiqiu, Huang, David, Huber, Mario, Hörbe, Marek, Jamrozy, Felix, Jankowsky, Vikas, Joshi, Ira, Jung, Eli, Kasai, Krzysztof, Katarzynski, Ul(`(i)), Katz, Dmitry, Khangulyan, Bruno, Khelifi, Stefan, Klepser, Wlodek, Kluzniak, Nukri, Komin, Ruslan, Konno, Karl, Kosack, Dmitriy, Kostunin, Michael, Kreter, Ga( (s))per Kukec Mezek, Anu, Kundu, Giovanni, Lamanna, S('(e))bastien Le Stum, Anne, Lemiere, Marianne, Lemoine-Goumard, Jean-Philippe, Lenain, Fabian, Leuschner, Christelle, Levy, Thomas, Lohse, Anna, Luashvili, Iryna, Lypova, Jonathan, Mackey, Jhilik, Majumdar, Denys, Malyshev, Dmitry, Malyshev, Vincent, Marandon, Paolo, Marchegiani, Alexandre, Marcowith, Arnaud, Mares, Guillem Marti( extquotesingle)i-Devesa, Ramin, Marx, Gilles, Maurin, Pieter, Meintjes, Manuel, Meyer, Alison, Mitchell, Rafal, Moderski, Lars, Mohrmann, Alessandro, Montanari, Chris, Moore, Paul, Morris, Emmanuel, Moulin, Jacques, Muller, Thomas, Murach, Kaori, Nakashima, Mathieu Naurois (de), Amid, Nayerhoda, Hambeleleni, Ndiyavala, Jacek, Niemiec, Angel, Noel, Paul O( extquotesingle)Brien, Laenita Lorraine Oberholzer, Stefan, Ohm, Laura, Olivera-Nieto, Emma Ona-Wilhelmi (de), Michal, Ostrowski, Sebastian, Panny, Michael, Panter, Dan, Parsons, Giada, Peron, Santiago, Pita, Vincent, Poireau, Dmitry, Prokhorov, Heike, Prokoph, Gerd, Puehlhofer, Michael, Punch, Andreas, Quirrenbach, Patrick, Reichherzer, Anita, Reimer, Olaf, Reimer, Quentin, Remy, Matthieu, Renaud, Brian, Reville, Frank, Rieger, Carlo, Romoli, Gavin, Rowell, Bronislaw, Rudak, Hector Rueda Ricarte, Edna Ruiz Velasco, Vardan, Sahakian, Simon, Sailer, Heiko, Salzmann, David, Sanchez, Andrea, Santangelo, Manami, Sasaki, Johannes, Schaefer, Hester, Schutte, Ullrich, Schwanke, Fabian, Schüssler, Mohanraj, Senniappan, Albert, Seyffert, Shapopi, Jimmy N. S., Kleopas, Shiningayamwe, Rachel, Simoni, Atreyee, Sinha, Helene, Sol, Hugh, Spackman, Andreas, Specovius, Samuel Timothy Spencer, Marion, Spir-Jacob, Lukasz, Stawarz, Riaan, Steenkamp, Christian, Stegmann, Simon, Steinmassl, Constantin, Steppa, Lei, Sun, Tadayuki, Takahashi, Takaaki, Tanaka, Thomas, Tavernier, Andrew, Taylor, Regis, Terrier, Hannes, Thiersen, Charles, Thorpe-Morgan, Martin, Tluczykont, Lenka, Tomankova, Michelle, Tsirou, Naomi, Tsuji, Richard, Tuffs, Yasunobu, Uchiyama, Johann van der Walt, Christopher van Eldik, Carlo van Rensburg, Brian van Soelen, George, Vasileiadis, Johannes, Veh, Christo, Venter, Pascal, Vincent, Jacco, Vink, Völk, Heinrich J., Stefan, Wagner, Jason John Watson, Felix, Werner, Richard, White, Alicja, Wierzcholska, Yu Wun Wong, Hend, Yassin, Anke, Yusafzai, Michael, Zacharias, Roberta, Zanin, Davit, Zargaryan, Andrzej, Zdziarski, Andreas, Zech, Sylvia, Zhu, Andreas, Zmija, Samuel, Zouari, Natalia, Zywucka, The FACT Collaboration, The H.E.S.S. Collaboration, The IceCube Collaboration, The MAGIC Collaboration, The VERITAS Collaboration, and Współautorami artykułu są członkowie Magic Collaboration, IceCube Collaboration, FACT Collaboration, H.E.S.S. Collaboration, VERITAS Collaboration w liczbie 808

Subjects
Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Point source, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Gamma ray, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, FOS: Physical sciences, IACT, Astrophysics, law.invention, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Telescope, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), law, HESS - Abteilung Hinton, ddc:530, High Energy Physics::Experiment, MAGIC (telescope), Neutrino, Blazar, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Cherenkov radiation
Abstract

The realtime follow-up of neutrino events is a promising approach to search for astrophysical neutrino sources. It has so far provided compelling evidence for a neutrino point source: the flaring gamma-ray blazar TXS 0506+056 observed in coincidence with the high-energy neutrino IceCube-170922A detected by IceCube. The detection of very-high-energy gamma rays (VHE, $\mathrm{E} > 100\,\mathrm{GeV}$) from this source helped establish the coincidence and constrained the modeling of the blazar emission at the time of the IceCube event. The four major imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescope arrays (IACTs) - FACT, H.E.S.S., MAGIC, and VERITAS - operate an active follow-up program of target-of-opportunity observations of neutrino alerts sent by IceCube. This program has two main components. One are the observations of known gamma-ray sources around which a cluster of candidate neutrino events has been identified by IceCube (Gamma-ray Follow-Up, GFU). Second one is the follow-up of single high-energy neutrino candidate events of potential astrophysical origin such as IceCube-170922A. GFU has been recently upgraded by IceCube in collaboration with the IACT groups. We present here recent results from the IACT follow-up programs of IceCube neutrino alerts and a description of the upgraded IceCube GFU system., Presented at the 37th International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC 2021). See arXiv:2107.06966 for all IceCube contributions. See arXiv:2108.05257 for all H.E.S.S. contributions

Published
2022

8. The candidate tidal disruption event AT2019fdr coincident with a high-energy neutrino

Author

Simeon Reusch, Robert Stein, Marek Kowalski, Sjoert van Velzen, Anna Franckowiak, Cecilia Lunardini, Kohta Murase, Walter Winter, James C. A. Miller-Jones, Mansi M. Kasliwal, Marat Gilfanov, Simone Garrappa, Vaidehi S. Paliya, Tomás Ahumada, Shreya Anand, Cristina Barbarino, Eric C. Bellm, Valéry Brinnel, Sara Buson, S. Bradley Cenko, Michael W. Coughlin, Kishalay De, Richard Dekany, Sara Frederick, Avishay Gal-Yam, Suvi Gezari, Marcello Giroletti, Matthew J. Graham, Viraj Karambelkar, Shigeo S. Kimura, Albert K. H. Kong, Erik C. Kool, Russ R. Laher, Pavel Medvedev, Jannis Necker, Jakob Nordin, Daniel A. Perley, Mickael Rigault, Ben Rusholme, Steve Schulze, Tassilo Schweyer, Leo P. Singer, Jesper Sollerman, Nora Linn Strotjohann, Rashid Sunyaev, Jakob van Santen, Richard Walters, B. Theodore Zhang, Erez Zimmerman, Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon (IP2I Lyon), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
emission [X-ray], exceptional, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, General Physics and Astronomy, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, neutrino: flux, neutrino: production, particle source [neutrino], production [neutrino], ddc:530, X-ray: emission, QA, QC, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, QB, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), VHE [neutrino], flux [neutrino], neutrino: particle source, neutrino: VHE, TA, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract

Physical review letters 128(22), 221101 (2022). doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.128.221101, The origins of the high-energy cosmic neutrino flux remain largely unknown. Recently, one high-energy neutrino was associated with a tidal disruption event (TDE). Here we present AT2019fdr, an exceptionally luminous TDE candidate, coincident with another high-energy neutrino. Our observations, including a bright dust echo and soft late-time x-ray emission, further support a TDE origin of this flare. The probability of finding two such bright events by chance is just 0.034%. We evaluate several models for neutrino production and show that AT2019fdr is capable of producing the observed high-energy neutrino, reinforcing the case for TDEs as neutrino sources., Published by APS, College Park, Md.

Published
2021
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9. Searching for Dark Matter from the Sun with the IceCube Detector

Author

Lisa Johanna Schumacher, Elisa Lohfink, Javier Gonzalez, Roxanne Turcotte, Catherine De Clercq, Michael DuVernois, Barbara Skrzypek, Larissa Paul, Naoko Kurahashi, Frank G. Schröder, Thomas McElroy, Erin O'Sullivan, S. Böser, Gerald Przybylski, Jakob van Santen, Shiqi Yu, Federica Bradascio, Alexander Burgman, Simeon Reusch, K. Meagher, Mehr Nisa, Benedikt Riedel, Stephanie Hickford, Delia Tosi, Sebastian Baur, Sebastian Fiedlschuster, Markus Ackermann, S. W. Barwick, Sreetama Goswami, Ken'ichi Kin, Ryan Burley, A. Steuer, Qinrui Liu, Martina Karl, Raamis Hussain, Aaron Fienberg, John Evans, Amirreza Raissi, U. Katz, Sally Robertson, Judith Schneider, Andres Medina, Donghwa Kang, Merlin Schaufel, Dawn Williams, Martin Pittermann, Chris Weaver, Stephanie Bron, K. Hoshina, Hrvoje Dujmovic, Jurgen Borowka, Benjamin Bastian, Anastasia Maria Barbano, Brian Clark, Sebastian Sanchez Herrera, Glenn Spiczak, Zelong Zhang, Michael Stamatikos, Jan Soedingrekso, P. Schlunder, John Hardin, Spencer Axani, Kael Hanson, Saskia Philippen, D. F. Cowen, A. Goldschmidt, Julia Becker Tjus, Markus Ahlers, Martin Unland Elorrieta, Shefali Shefali, C. Walck, Alfonso Garcia, Ankur Sharma, Jeffrey Lazar, Le Viet Nguyen, J. J. Beatty, Tianlu Yuan, Matthias Vraeghe, Torsten Schmidt, Abdul Rehman, Carsten Rott, Dave Nygren, Mohamed Rameez, Cyril Martin Alispach, Karen Andeen, Felix Henningsen, Tyler Anderson, Surujhdeo Seunarine, Thomas K. Gaisser, Timo Karg, Hermann Kolanoski, Carlos Arguelles, Lutz Kopke, Chiara Bellenghi, Thomas Kintscher, Maximilian Meier, Jessie Micallef, Juan Pablo Yanez, IceCube, Josh Peterson, Emma Kun, Paolo Desiati, Matthias Huber, Juanan Aguilar, Lenka Tomankova, Yosuke Ashida, A. R. Fazely, J. L. Kelley, Kenneth Clark, Aya Ishihara, Matthew Weiss, Yuiry Popovych, Kirill Filimonov, Pranav Dave, Maximilian Karl Scharf, Alejandro Diaz, Krijn de Vries, Stef Verpoest, Andreas Weindl, Jenni Adams, Xianwu Xu, Jay Gallagher, Minjin Jeong, K.-H. Becker, Ruth Hoffmann, Kwok Lung Fan, Alexander Fritz, Colin Turley, Erik Ganster, Najia Moureen Binte Amin, Uwe Naumann, T. Stanev, Yiqian Xu, Emma C. Hettinger, Matt Dunkman, Federico Bontempo, Nora Valtonen-Mattila, Marcos Santander, Francesco Lucarelli, Maria Liubarska, Ramesh Koirala, Dennis Soldin, Martin Ha Minh, Hans Dembinski, Erin Carnie-Bronca, Harald Schieler, K. Rawlins, Christian Glaser, Simona Toscano, Christian Spiering, Manuel Silva, Samvel Ter-Antonyan, Ben Jones, Alan Coleman, Gisela Anton, Maria Prado Rodriguez, Devyn Rysewyk Cantu, Gwenhaël de Wasseige, D. Z. Besson, Reina H. Maruyama, R. Halliday, Daniel Bindig, Georg Schwefer, L. Gerhardt, James Vincent Mead, Thomas Stuttard, Ryo Nagai, A. Olivas, E. Blaufuss, T. Stezelberger, Sarah Pieper, Markus Dittmer, Jannis Necker, Tetiana Kozynets, Neha Lad, Dirk Ryckbosch, Elizabeth Friedman, Chad Finley, Rasha Abbasi, Summer Blot, Matthias Boddenberg, Ibrahim Safa, Daria Pankova, Damian Pieloth, Ali Kheirandish, Sarah Mancina, Gerrit Roellinghoff, Stephan Meighen-Berger, Jannes Brostean-Kaiser, Kurt Woschnagg, Simon Hauser, Anna Franckowiak, Tobias Hoinka, Vedant Basu, James Madsen, Thorsten Glusenkamp, Massimiliano Lincetto, Lu Lu, Paul Evenson, S. Yoshida, I. Taboada, Dustin Hebecker, Nathan Whitehorn, Steve Sclafani, Klas Hultqvist, Joanna Kiryluk, Christoph Tönnis, Sally-Ann Browne, Brandom Pries, Mirco Hunnefeld, Marie Oehler, Segev BenZvi, Timothée Grégoire, Paras Koundal, Mike Richman, Colton Hill, Carlos Perez de los Heros, Gabriel Collin, Simone Garrappa, Dmitry Chirkin, Johan Wulff, Jan Weldert, Etienne Bourbeau, Spencer Klein, Julian Saffer, Chris Wendt, Sebastian Schindler, Michael Kovacevich, Pablo Correa, S. Tilav, Teresa Montaruli, Christoph Günther, Alexander Kappes, Michael Campana, Emily Dvorak, Cristian Jesus Lozano Mariscal, Kendall Mahn, K. Helbing, Elisa Bernardini, Tomas Kontrimas, Christian Dappen, Justin Vandenbroucke, Timothyblake Watson, Yijia Li, Sourav Sarkar, Benjamin Hokanson-Fasig, L. Halve, Philipp Eller, Christian Spannfellner, R. Morse, Frank McNally, Chunfai Tung, Olga Botner, Jakob Bottcher, Kara Hoffman, D. J. Koskinen, Antonio Augusto Alves Junior, Chujie Chen, Raffaela Busse, Anna Obertacke Pollmann, Yang Lyu, Joeran Stettner, Cristina Lagunas Gualda, Grant Parker, Philip Weigel, M. Plum, Mehmet Gunduz, Agnieszka Leszczyńska, R. C. Bay, Hershal Pandya, Martin Rongen, Wolfgang Rhode, Spencer Griswold, Maryon Ahrens, Joshua Hignight, Timo Sturwald, Frederik Tenholt, Wing Yan Ma, Feifei Huang, Hannah Erpenbeck, Konstancja Satalecka, Theo Glauch, Xinhua Bai, Austin Schneider, Abhishek Desai, Juan Carlos Diaz-Velez, Robert Stein, Maria Tselengidou, James DeLaunay, Marjon Moulai, Ava Ghadimi, Martin Wolf, Franziska Tischbein, Hans Niederhausen, Robert A. Cross, Frederik Hermann Lauber, Koun Choi, Andrew Ludwig, Justin Lanfranchi, Ben Smithers, Jean Pierre Twagirayezu, Jiwoong Lee, Rui An, Nahee Park, Darren Grant, Derek B Fox, Immacolata Carmen Rea, Sarah Nowicki, Andreas Haungs, Robert Snihur, C. H. Wiebusch, Kunal Deoskar, A. Karle, Ioana Codrina Maris, Sam De Ridder, Christoph Raab, Nadège Iovine, D. Berley, G. C. Hill, Bunheng Ty, Patrick Reichherzer, Ralph Engel, Moritz Kellermann, Giovanni Renzi, D. Seckel, Tyce DeYoung, George Japaridze, Roger Moore, Woosik Kang, Richard Naab, Marek Kowalski, Seongjin In, Elisa Resconi, Jan Conrad, K. Mase, Yuya Makino, Alessio Porcelli, Alexander A. Harnisch, Nick van Eijndhoven, Lew Classen, René Reimann, Leander Fischer, Thomas Ehrhardt, Christian Haack, Alexander Sandrock, Kirsten Tollefson, Kayla Leonard, Alexander Trettin, Sukeerthi Dharani, Francis Halzen, Lilly Peters, Juliana Stachurska, V Aswathi Balagopal, Gerrit Wrede, Johannes Werthebach, Thomas Huber, Ek Narayan Paudel, Michael J Larson, Allan Hallgren, Sandro Kopper, William Luszczak, M. Kauer, David Kappesser, Matti Jansson, P. Buford Price, Mark Weyrauch, Joakim Sandroos, Daniela Mockler, G. W. Sullivan, James E. Braun, Philipp Furst, Tim Ruhe, Paul Coppin, Andrea Turcati, Ella Roberts, Alex Pizzuto, Gary Binder, Xinyue Kang, Claudio Kopper, Subir Sarkar, and David Vannerom

Subjects
Physics, Dark matter, Detector, Astronomy
Published
2021
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10. Discovery and confirmation of the shortest gamma-ray burst from a collapsar

Author

Poonam Chandra, Tim Dietrich, Mouza Almualla, Pradip Gatkine, Chris Cannella, Kevin Hurley, Philippe Rosnet, Simeon Reusch, Dmitry S. Svinkin, Frank J. Masci, Igor Andreoni, Erica Hammerstein, Shri Kulkarni, Viraj Karambelkar, Joseph Mangan, Shabnam Iyyani, B. Rusholme, D. D. Frederiks, Maayane T. Soumagnac, Eleonora Troja, Anna Y. Q. Ho, Ana Sagués Carracedo, Shreya Anand, Rachel Dunwoody, Kaushik De, Harsh Kumar, Matthew J. Graham, Richard Walters, Eric Burns, Shashi B. Pandey, Erik C. Kool, P. T.H. Pang, Varun Bhalerao, Bryce Bolin, S. Dichiara, A. J. Castro-Tirado, Geoffrey Ryan, A. F. Valeev, Christoffer Fremling, Tomas Ahumada, Mansi M. Kasliwal, Mattia Bulla, S. Bradley Cenko, Sheila McBreen, Eric C. Bellm, Sonalika Purkayastha, Robert Stein, A. Ridnaia, Dmitry A. Duev, Virginia Cunningham, Ashish Mahabal, Daniel A. Perley, Avishay Gal-Yam, Michael W. Coughlin, A. Tsvetkova, Roger Smith, Leo Singer, Laboratoire de Physique de Clermont (LPC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), National Science Foundation (US), Irish Research Council, Science Foundation Ireland, European Commission, and Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España)

Subjects
High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, GRB 980425, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Kilonova, Afterglow, NO, Supernova, Neutron star, Stars, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Gamma-ray burst, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, QC, Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope, QB
Abstract

Full list of authors: Ahumada, Tomás; Singer, Leo P.; Anand, Shreya; Coughlin, Michael W.; Kasliwal, Mansi M.; Ryan, Geoffrey; Andreoni, Igor; Cenko, S. Bradley; Fremling, Christoffer; Kumar, Harsh; Pang, Peter T. H.; Burns, Eric; Cunningham, Virginia; Dichiara, Simone; Dietrich, Tim; Svinkin, Dmitry S.; Almualla, Mouza; Castro-Tirado, Alberto J.; De, Kishalay; Dunwoody, Rachel; Gatkine, Pradip; Hammerstein, Erica; Iyyani, Shabnam; Mangan, Joseph; Perley, Dan; Purkayastha, Sonalika; Bellm, Eric; Bhalerao, Varun; Bolin, Bryce; Bulla, Mattia; Cannella, Christopher; Chandra, Poonam; Duev, Dmitry A.; Frederiks, Dmitry; Gal-Yam, Avishay; Graham, Matthew; Ho, Anna Y. Q.; Hurley, Kevin; Karambelkar, Viraj; Kool, Erik C.; Kulkarni, S. R.; Mahabal, Ashish; Masci, Frank; McBreen, Sheila; Pandey, Shashi B.; Reusch, Simeon; Ridnaia, Anna; Rosnet, Philippe; Rusholme, Benjamin; Carracedo, Ana Sagués; Smith, Roger; Soumagnac, Maayane; Stein, Robert; Troja, Eleonora; Tsvetkova, Anastasia; Walters, Richard; Valeev, Azamat F., Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are among the brightest and most energetic events in the Universe. The duration and hardness distribution of GRBs has two clusters1, now understood to reflect (at least) two different progenitors2. Short-hard GRBs (SGRBs; T90 < 2 s) arise from compact binary mergers, and long-soft GRBs (LGRBs; T90 > 2 s) have been attributed to the collapse of peculiar massive stars (collapsars)3. The discovery of SN 1998bw/GRB 980425 (ref. 4) marked the first association of an LGRB with a collapsar, and AT 2017gfo (ref. 5)/GRB 170817A/GW170817 (ref. 6) marked the first association of an SGRB with a binary neutron star merger, which also produced a gravitational wave. Here, we present the discovery of ZTF20abwysqy (AT2020scz), a fast-fading optical transient in the Fermi satellite and the Interplanetary Network localization regions of GRB 200826A; X-ray and radio emission further confirm that this is the afterglow. Follow-up imaging (at rest-frame 16.5 days) reveals excess emission above the afterglow that cannot be explained as an underlying kilonova, but which is consistent with being the supernova. Although the GRB duration is short (rest-frame T90 of 0.65 s), our panchromatic follow-up data confirm a collapsar origin. GRB 200826A is the shortest LGRB found with an associated collapsar; it appears to sit on the brink between a successful and a failed collapsar. Our discovery is consistent with the hypothesis that most collapsars fail to produce ultra-relativistic jets. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited., This work was supported by the GROWTH (Global Relay of Observatories Watching Transients Happen) project funded by the National Science Foundation under PIRE grant No. 1545949. GROWTH is a collaborative project among California Institute of Technology (USA), University of Maryland College Park (USA), University of Wisconsin Milwaukee (USA), Texas Tech University (USA), San Diego State University (USA), University of Washington (USA), Los Alamos National Laboratory (USA), Tokyo Institute of Technology (Japan), National Central University (Taiwan), Indian Institute of Astrophysics (India), Indian Institute of Technology Bombay (India), Weizmann Institute of Science (Israel), The Oskar Klein Centre at Stockholm University (Sweden), Humboldt University (Germany), Liverpool John Moores University (UK) and University of Sydney (Australia). Based on observations obtained with the Samuel Oschin Telescope 48-inch and the 60-inch Telescope at the Palomar Observatory as part of the Zwicky Transient Facility project. ZTF is supported by the National Science Foundation under grant No. AST-1440341 and a collaboration including Caltech, IPAC, the Weizmann Institute for Science, the Oskar Klein Center at Stockholm University, the University of Maryland, the University of Washington (UW), Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron and Humboldt University, Los Alamos National Laboratories, the TANGO Consortium of Taiwan, the University of Wisconsin at Milwaukee and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratories. Operations are conducted by Caltech Optical Observatories, IPAC and UW. The work is partly based on the observations made with the Gran Telescopio Canarias (GTC), installed in the Spanish Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos of the Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias, in the island of La Palma. The material is based on work supported by NASA under award No. 80GSFC17M0002. A.J.C.T. acknowledges all co-Is of the GTC proposal and the financial support from the State Agency for Research of the Spanish MCIU through the 'Center of Excellence Severo Ochoa' award to the Instituto de Astrofisica de Andalucia (SEV-2017-0709). The ZTF forced-photometry service was funded under the Heising-Simons Foundation grant No. 12540303 (PI: Graham). S.M. and J.M. acknowledge support from Science Foundation Ireland under grant No. 17/CDA/4723. R.D. acknowledges support from the Irish Research Council (IRC) under grant GOIPG/2019/2033. Analysis was performed on the YORP cluster administered by the Center for Theory and Computation, part of the Department of Astronomy at the University of Maryland. Resources supporting this work were provided by the NASA High-End Computing (HEC) Program through the NASA Advanced Supercomputing (NAS) Division at Ames Research Center. These results also made use of Lowell Observatory's Lowell Discovery Telescope (LDT), formerly the Discovery Channel Telescope. Lowell operates the LDT in partnership with Boston University, Northern Arizona University, the University of Maryland and the University of Toledo. Partial support of the LDT was provided by Discovery Communications. LMI was built by Lowell Observatory using funds from the National Science Foundation (AST-1005313). M.W.C. acknowledges support from the National Science Foundation with grant No. PHY-2010970. S.A. gratefully acknowledges support from the GROWTH PIRE grant (1545949). Part of this research was carried out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. E.C.K. acknowledges support from the G.R.E.A.T research environment and the Wenner-Gren Foundations. P.T.H.P. is supported by the research program of the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO). H.K. is an LSSTC Data Science Fellow and thanks the LSSTC Data Science Fellowship Program, which is funded by LSSTC, NSF Cybertraining grant No. 1829740, the Brinson Foundation and the Moore Foundation; his participation in the program has benefited this work. S.M. and J.M. acknowledge support from Science Foundation Ireland under grant No. 17/CDA/4723. R.D. acknowledges support from the Irish Research Council (IRC) under grant GOIPG/2019/2033. P.C. is a Swarana Jayanti Fellow and acknowledges support from the Department of Science and Technology via award No. DST/SJF/PSA-01/2014-15). We thank the staff of the GMRT who made these observations possible. GMRT is run by the National Centre for Radio Astrophysics of the Tata Institute of Fundamental Research. P.C. is a Swarna Jayanti Fellow and thanks the Department of Science & Technology in India. We thank D. Bhattacharya, A. Vibhute and V. Shenoy for help with the CZTI analysis. V.A.F. acknowledges support from the RFBR 18-29-21030.

Published
2021
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11. A tidal disruption event coincident with a high-energy neutrino

Author

Yuhan Yao, Eric C. Bellm, V. Brinnel, Anna Franckowiak, Tomas Ahumada, Mansi M. Kasliwal, Mickael Rigault, Erica Hammerstein, Leo Singer, César Rojas-Bravo, Ashish Mahabal, Albert K. H. Kong, Patrick A. Woudt, Jesper Sollerman, Ariel Goobar, Maayane T. Soumagnac, Andrew Drake, Charlotte Ward, Avishay Gal-Yam, George Helou, Kirsty Taggart, Jannis Necker, Thomas Kupfer, Ryan J. Foley, Markus Böttcher, S. Garrappa, Itai Sfaradi, Assaf Horesh, Frank J. Masci, Tiara Hung, Simeon Reusch, Sjoert van Velzen, Daniel Stern, Rob Fender, Ben Rusholme, Russ R. Laher, J. V. Santen, Igor Andreoni, Hector P. Rodriguez, Suvi Gezari, Marek Kowalski, Michael Bietenholz, V. Zach Golkhou, Justin Belicki, Daniel A. Perley, Michael Feeney, Michael W. Coughlin, Rick Burruss, Sara Frederick, James Miller-Jones, Virginia Cunningham, David L. Shupe, Robert Stein, Glennys R. Farrar, Charles D. Kilpatrick, S. Bradley Cenko, Jakob Nordin, Matthew J. Graham, Laboratoire de Physique de Clermont (LPC), and Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)

Subjects
electron, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, neutrino: energy: high, Energy flux, Flux, photon: thermal, Astrophysics, pi: production, 01 natural sciences, Astrophysics - high energy astrophysical phenomena, neutrino: flux, IceCube, particle: acceleration, ultraviolet, black hole, p: accelerator, site, optical, energy: flux, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, QB, Physics, astro-ph.HE, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), radio wave, education.field_of_study, COSMIC cancer database, cross section, p p, black body, Neutrino, Active galactic nucleus, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Population, interaction, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, GLAST, jet: relativistic, neutrino: production, X-ray, Tidal disruption event, bolometer, neutrino: spectrum, 0103 physical sciences, cosmic radiation: UHE, education, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Photosphere, synchrotron radiation, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Doppler effect, Cherenkov counter, electromagnetic, gamma ray, 13. Climate action, star: mass, neutrino: oscillation, galaxy, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract

Cosmic neutrinos provide a unique window into the otherwise-hidden mechanism of particle acceleration in astrophysical objects. A flux of high-energy neutrinos was discovered in 2013, and the IceCube Collaboration recently reported the likely association of one high-energy neutrino with a flare from the relativistic jet of an active galaxy pointed towards the Earth. However a combined analysis of many similar active galaxies revealed no excess from the broader population, leaving the vast majority of the cosmic neutrino flux unexplained. Here we present the likely association of a radio-emitting tidal disruption event, AT2019dsg, with a second high-energy neutrino. AT2019dsg was identified as part of our systematic search for optical counterparts to high-energy neutrinos with the Zwicky Transient Facility. The probability of finding any coincident radio-emitting tidal disruption event by chance is 0.5%, while the probability of finding one as bright in bolometric energy flux as AT2019dsg is 0.2%. Our electromagnetic observations can be explained through a multi-zone model, with radio analysis revealing a central engine, embedded in a UV photosphere, that powers an extended synchrotron-emitting outflow. This provides an ideal site for PeV neutrino production. Assuming that the association is genuine, our observations suggest that tidal disruption events with mildly-relativistic outflows contribute to the cosmic neutrino flux., Comment: Title and text modified during journal review. Version accepted for publication in Nature Astronomy

Published
2021
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12. A Convolutional Neural Network based Cascade Reconstruction for the IceCube Neutrino Observatory

Author

J. Werthebach, A. Franckowiak, Chujie Chen, Ioana Codrina Maris, K. Hoshina, A. Steuer, A. Weindl, Maryon Ahrens, P. Schlunder, Saskia Philippen, Glenn Spiczak, G. Momenté, Segev BenZvi, Spencer Klein, M. Rameez, Sam De Ridder, Frederik Tenholt, R. Nagai, D. F. Cowen, Martin Unland Elorrieta, Stephen L. Hauser, Christoph Raab, Nadège Iovine, Barbara Skrzypek, Kara Hoffman, Sarah Mancina, N. van Eijndhoven, U. Naumann, Raamis Hussain, D. Berley, G. C. Hill, Tobias Hoinka, Vedant Basu, Steve Sclafani, J. Kiryluk, B. J. P. Jones, Andres Medina, D. Mockler, Bunheng Ty, Ralph Engel, Moritz Kellermann, U. Katz, Emily Dvorak, Timo Karg, K. Andeen, D. R. Nygren, Marek Kowalski, D. Kang, Giovanni Renzi, K. D. de Vries, M. Stamatikos, Hershal Pandya, Wolfgang Rhode, Robert Stein, A.A. Alves, Pablo Correa, D. Seckel, S. Fahey, Javier Gonzalez, Roxanne Turcotte, Maximilian Karl Scharf, Alexander Trettin, P. B. Price, I. Taboada, Gisela Anton, Michael O. Wolf, Lenka Tomankova, Max Renschler, Y. Makino, Matthias Vraeghe, Tyce DeYoung, K. Tollefson, D. J. Koskinen, K. Rawlins, Nathan Whitehorn, C. Weaver, T. Anderson, B. A. Clark, Francesco Lucarelli, Brandom Pries, L. Schumacher, Devyn Rysewyk Cantu, P. Peiffer, J. Kim, Daria Pankova, E. Friedman, M. Kauer, Alan Coleman, John Hardin, Shefali Shefali, Nora Valtonen-Mattila, M. E. Huber, D. B. Fox, Alexander Fritz, D. Z. Besson, T. O. B. Schmidt, E. Bourbeau, Suyong Choi, M. Silva, Najia Moureen Binte Amin, J. P. Lazar, Sebastian Böser, R. Morse, Spencer Griswold, Jakob Bottcher, T. Montaruli, David A. Williams, A. Goldschmidt, K. Mase, Abdul Rehman, David Kappesser, Kurt Woschnagg, Paul Evenson, Clara E. Hill, Le Viet Nguyen, Sebastian Sanchez Herrera, Marcos Santander, Carsten Rott, L. Gerhardt, Y. Popovych, J. Evans, Maria Tselengidou, D. Soldin, J. B. Tjus, Chiara Bellenghi, Alexander A. Harnisch, Benjamin Bastian, Anastasia Maria Barbano, Markus Ackermann, S. W. Barwick, Matti Jansson, Immacolata Carmen Rea, P. Eller, Simone Garrappa, H. Schieler, Dmitry Chirkin, Kael Hanson, A. Kyriacou, A. Olivas, Hermann Kolanoski, Simeon Reusch, A. O. Pollmann, Elisa Bernardini, K. Meagher, S. Hickford, J. C. Gallagher, Kirill Filimonov, Mehmet Gunduz, Agnieszka Leszczyńska, R. C. Bay, Alexander Kappes, Pranav Dave, Jan Soedingrekso, K. Krings, Xianwu Xu, J. Sandroos, James Madsen, Lu Lu, M. J. Weiss, Stef Verpoest, H. Dujmovic, Austin Schneider, Juan Carlos Diaz-Velez, Jenni Adams, K.-H. Becker, Yiqian Xu, M. Plum, A. Wallace, Katharina Morik, J. Stettner, Daniel Bindig, Ramesh Koirala, Gerrit Wrede, C.P. de los Heros, Thomas Huber, Ek Narayan Paudel, Allan Hallgren, Matt Dunkman, R. Joppe, T. Stezelberger, Colin Turley, S. Kopper, Christian Glaser, Paolo Desiati, S. Sarker, C. Alispach, Damian Pieloth, R. G. Stokstad, Ali Kheirandish, Sreetama Goswami, Minjin Jeong, Martin Ha Minh, T. Glüsenkamp, Janet Conrad, G. Krückl, Jannis Necker, Sebastian Baur, R. Cross, Sebastian Fiedlschuster, Surujhdeo Seunarine, Ken'ichi Kin, Jannes Brostean-Kaiser, Chunfai Tung, Alejandro Diaz, M. J. Larson, M. U. Nisa, Tim Ruhe, E. O'Sullivan, René Reimann, Chad Finley, Federica Bradascio, A. V. Balagopal, Alexander Burgman, M. Meier, Michael Campana, F. Huang, Christoph Tönnis, Benjamin Hokanson-Fasig, E. Blaufuss, Leander Fischer, Gerrit Roellinghoff, Mirco Hunnefeld, Marie Oehler, Thomas Stuttard, William Luszczak, G. H. Collin, Sarah Pieper, Dirk Ryckbosch, S. Robertson, R. Snihur, A. Ludwig, Wing Yan Ma, Yang Lyu, Grant Parker, L. Köpke, Karl J. Clark, Juanan Aguilar, I. Safa, Merlin Schaufel, James DeLaunay, Marjon Moulai, Olga Botner, Cristian Jesus Lozano Mariscal, Kendall Mahn, L. Classen, Johan Wulff, K. Wiebe, Timothyblake Watson, J. J. Beatty, Tianlu Yuan, Stephan Meighen-Berger, S. Yoshida, Kayla Leonard, A. Ishihara, V. Baum, H. Niederhausen, Won Nam Kang, Joshua Hignight, A. Sharma, Sukeerthi Dharani, Francis Halzen, J. Merz, Paras Koundal, Mike Richman, X. Bai, Konstancja Satalecka, F. McNally, Emma C. Hettinger, I. Ansseau, Michael Kovacevich, Theo Glauch, Juliana Stachurska, H. Dembinski, Reina H. Maruyama, Frank G. Schröder, Summer Blot, Thomas Ehrhardt, D. Tosi, D. van Eijk, Mark Weyrauch, Spencer Axani, Elisa Lohfink, Aaron Fienberg, Amirreza Raissi, S. Tilav, Michael DuVernois, Carlos Arguelles, Jessie Micallef, Stephanie Bron, R. S. Busse, Y. L. Li, J. P. Yanez, Gerald Przybylski, Christian Haack, Christopher Wiebusch, R. Halliday, Kunal Deoskar, K. Helbing, Alexander Sandrock, N. Kurahashi, Todor Stanev, Benedikt Riedel, Cristina Lagunas Gualda, C. Wendt, G. W. Sullivan, A. Karle, James E. Braun, Philipp Furst, D. Hebecker, G. de Wasseige, George Japaridze, Roger Moore, Paul Coppin, Andrea Turcati, T. Gregoire, J. van Santen, R. Hoffmann, Alex Pizzuto, Gary Binder, J. Bourbeau, Richard Naab, Zhedong Zhang, C. Walck, Thomas K. Gaisser, Ava Ghadimi, Franziska Tischbein, Seongjin In, Elisa Resconi, Alessio Porcelli, P. Mallik, Catherine De Clercq, M. Rongen, Qinrui Liu, Martina Karl, Jochen M. Schneider, Christian Spiering, Justin Vandenbroucke, Maria Prado Rodriguez, Abhishek Desai, Xinyue Kang, Claudio Kopper, S. C. Nowicki, Subir Sarkar, T. Kintscher, Frederik Hermann Lauber, Justin Lanfranchi, David Vannerom, Ben Smithers, Jean Pierre Twagirayezu, A. Haungs, Rui An, Nahee Park, K. Hultqvist, Darren Grant, T. Stürwald, Z. Griffith, Felix Henningsen, A. R. Fazely, Simona Toscano, J. L. Kelley, Markus Ahlers, Erik Ganster, Samvel Ter-Antonyan, Rasha Abbasi, B. J. Whelan, Jan Weldert, L. Halve, Physics, Faculty of Sciences and Bioengineering Sciences, Vriendenkring VUB, Elementary Particle Physics, and collaboration, The IceCube

Subjects
FOS: Computer and information sciences, Computer Science - Machine Learning, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, cs.LG, Data analysis, FOS: Physical sciences, Fitting methods, 01 natural sciences, Convolutional neural network, Calibration, Cluster finding, Neutrino detectors, Pattern recognition, High Energy Physics - Experiment, IceCube Neutrino Observatory, Machine Learning (cs.LG), High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), 0103 physical sciences, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Instrumentation, Mathematical Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, hep-ex, Deep learning, Detector, Neutrino detector, Computer engineering, Orders of magnitude (time), 13. Climate action, Cascade, Pattern recognition (psychology), Artificial intelligence, business
Abstract

Continued improvements on existing reconstruction methods are vital to the success of high-energy physics experiments, such as the IceCube Neutrino Observatory. In IceCube, further challenges arise as the detector is situated at the geographic South Pole where computational resources are limited. However, to perform real-time analyses and to issue alerts to telescopes around the world, powerful and fast reconstruction methods are desired. Deep neural networks can be extremely powerful, and their usage is computationally inexpensive once the networks are trained. These characteristics make a deep learning-based approach an excellent candidate for the application in IceCube. A reconstruction method based on convolutional architectures and hexagonally shaped kernels is presented. The presented method is robust towards systematic uncertainties in the simulation and has been tested on experimental data. In comparison to standard reconstruction methods in IceCube, it can improve upon the reconstruction accuracy, while reducing the time necessary to run the reconstruction by two to three orders of magnitude., Comment: 39 pages, 15 figures, submitted to Journal of Instrumentation; added references

Published
2021

13. Optical follow-up of the neutron star–black hole mergers S200105ae and S200115j

Author

Nidhal Guessoum, Ana Sagués Carracedo, S. Bradley Cenko, R. Sanchez-Ramirez, Igor Andreoni, Mouza Almualla, Mickael Rigault, Leo Singer, Matthew J. Graham, M. Hankins, Przemek Mróz, Michael Porter, Richard Walters, Philippe Rosnet, Maayane T. Soumagnac, Simeon Reusch, Daniel A. Goldstein, M. D. Caballero-Garcia, Roger Smith, Mansi M. Kasliwal, Shrinivas R. Kulkarni, Eugene Serabyn, Kaushik De, Reed Riddle, Christoffer Fremling, Francois Foucart, A. F. Valeev, Harsh Kumar, Michael W. Coughlin, David L. Shupe, Robert Stein, Samaya Nissanke, V. Zach Golkhou, Tomas Ahumada, Dmitry A. Duev, Mattia Bulla, Eric C. Bellm, A. J. Castro-Tirado, Jesper Sollerman, Russ R. Laher, Richard Dekany, Bryce Bolin, Shreya Anand, Michael Feeney, Y. D. Hu, Erik C. Kool, Ben Rusholme, Frank J. Masci, Albert K. H. Kong, National Science Foundation (US), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (US), Department of Energy (US), Heising Simons Foundation, European Commission, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Laboratoire de Physique de Clermont (LPC), and Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)

Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc), Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Kilonova, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, NO, Apparent magnitude, 0103 physical sciences, Neutron, Ejecta, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Gravitational wave, Astronomy and Astrophysics, LIGO, Black hole, Neutron star, [PHYS.GRQC]Physics [physics]/General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology [gr-qc], ddc:520, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract

Nature astronomy 387, 38 (2020). doi:10.1038/s41550-020-1183-3, LIGO and Virgo���s third observing run revealed the first neutron star���black hole (NSBH) merger candidates in gravitational waves. These events are predicted to synthesize r-process elements creating optical/near-infrared ���kilonova��� emission. The joint gravitational wave and electromagnetic detection of an NSBH merger could be used to constrain the equation of state of dense nuclear matter, and independently measure the local expansion rate of the Universe. Here, we present the optical follow-up and analysis of two of the only three high-significance NSBH merger candidates detected to date, S200105ae and S200115j, with the Zwicky Transient Facility. The Zwicky Transient Facility observed ~48% of S200105ae and ~22% of S200115j���s localization probabilities, with observations sensitive to kilonovae brighter than ���17.5 mag fading at 0.5 mag d$^{���1}$ in the g- and r-bands; extensive searches and systematic follow-up of candidates did not yield a viable counterpart. We present state-of-the-art kilonova models tailored to NSBH systems that place constraints on the ejecta properties of these NSBH mergers. We show that with observed depths of apparent magnitude ~22 mag, attainable in metre-class, wide-field-of-view survey instruments, strong constraints on ejecta mass are possible, with the potential to rule out low mass ratios, high black hole spins and large neutron star radii., Published by Nature Publishing Group, London

Published
2020
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14. IceCube-Gen2: The Window to the Extreme Universe

Author

J. Kim, A. Gartner, A. Obertacke Pollmann, B. Hoffmann, J. L. Kelley, Markus Ahlers, Jenni Adams, Akimichi Taketa, D. van Eijk, Daniel Bindig, G. H. Collin, T. C. Arlen, Robert Lahmann, J. J. Beatty, Tianlu Yuan, U. Nauman, Azadeh Keivani, Y. L. Li, Karl J. Clark, T. Kintscher, M. Song, T. L. Carver, Paras Koundal, Michael Kovacevich, Christian Glaser, Frederik Hermann Lauber, T. Huege, Erik Ganster, Benedikt Riedel, D. Seckel, Anna Nelles, R. G. Stokstad, F. McNally, R. Maunu, M. Prado Rodriguez, Kayla Leonard, N. Kurahashi, James E. Braun, Amy Connolly, Samvel Ter-Antonyan, A. Terliuk, Justin Lanfranchi, Pranav Dave, Jannis Necker, C. Wendt, S. Wren, A. Sharma, Sukeerthi Dharani, David Vannerom, M. H. Shaevitz, Alexander Trettin, Reina H. Maruyama, Francis Halzen, J. Merz, K. Krings, Rasha Abbasi, Ben Smithers, Qinrui Liu, M. J. Larson, T. Anderson, Summer Blot, G. de Wasseige, I. Ansseau, D. Hebecker, Jorge Torres, Killian Holzapfel, Martina Karl, C. J. Lozano Mariscal, John Hardin, Jean Pierre Twagirayezu, Daniel García-Fernández, T. Stezelberger, S. Mandalia, E. O'Sullivan, R. Hoffmann, M. Plum, Juliana Stachurska, H. Dembinski, C. Pérez de los Heros, S. Márka, G. WSullivan, A. Haungs, Paul Coppin, Z. Griffith, J. C. Gallagher, Saskia Philippen, Federica Bradascio, Jochen M. Schneider, Srubabati Goswami, Andrea Turcati, Wing Yan Ma, Nahee Park, Y. Makino, Sarah Mancina, C. Walck, M. Kauer, Suyong Choi, Anna Franckowiak, Tobias Hoinka, Chad Finley, David Kappesser, T. Gregoire, Ella Roberts, J. van Santen, S. De Ridder, Jan Weldert, Chunfai Tung, F. Jonske, Ken'ichi Kin, L. Halve, Philipp Eller, K. Hultqvist, N. L. Strotjohann, H. Dujmovic, Vedant Basu, M. A. Unland Elorrieta, Alex Pizzuto, K. D. de Vries, I. CMariş, Gerrit Wrede, R. Gernhaeuser, Thomas Huber, Matti Jansson, Thomas K. Gaisser, M. Richman, Christoph Tönnis, James DeLaunay, Gary Binder, K.-H. Becker, Ek Narayan Paudel, Allan Hallgren, U. Latif, Hiroyuki Tanaka, I. Safa, Steve Sclafani, J. Kiryluk, K. Andeen, P. B. Price, H. Schieler, Kirill Filimonov, Segev BenZvi, Alexander Fritz, D. Z. Besson, Darren Grant, Marjon Moulai, Yiqian Xu, Felix Henningsen, S. Robertson, Aswathi Balagopal, Francesco Lucarelli, Pisin Chen, Matt Dunkman, Merlin Schaufel, Patrick Allison, Spencer Klein, Cosmin Deaconu, Tim Ruhe, A. Ludwig, George Japaridze, Javier Gonzalez, C. B. Krauss, Roxanne Turcotte, T. O. B. Schmidt, Simona Toscano, Roger Moore, P. Heix, R. S. Busse, Chujie Chen, Pablo Correa, L. Gerhard, S. De Kockere, J. Felde, Surujhdeo Seunarine, R. Snihur, J. Buscher, D. Rysewyk Cantu, A. Weindl, R. Hellauer, Giorgio Maggi, H. Niederhausen, Mauricio Bustamante, D. Southall, Julia Böttcher, J. Bourbeau, Lenka Tomankova, Maryon Ahrens, A. Burgman, Christopher Wiebusch, Darko Veberič, Juanan Aguilar, T. R. Wood, Christian Spiering, Frederik Tenholt, R. Nagai, L. Schumacher, C. De Clercq, Benjamin Hokanson-Fasig, L. V. Nguyen, C. Lagunas Gualda, K. Hughes, Kara Hoffman, C. Alispach, J. M. LoSecco, Joshua Hignight, K. Helbing, Timo Sturwald, Xinyue Kang, Richard Naab, Kunal Deoskar, Janet Conrad, Zackary Meyers, K. Meagher, Mehmet Gunduz, Agnieszka Leszczyńska, R. C. Bay, David A. Williams, Kurt Woschnagg, M. Zöcklein, M. Silva, Claudio Kopper, Eric Oberla, Ramesh Koirala, E. Cheung, Thomas Stuttard, Martin Rongen, Najia Moureen Binte Amin, R. Cross, Paul Evenson, A. Karle, Sebastian Böser, Seongjin In, Johannes Werthebach, J. P. Lazar, Markus Ackermann, Austin Schneider, Yang Lyu, Justin Vandenbroucke, Juan Carlos Diaz-Velez, Beverley A. Clark, Timo Karg, Sarah Pieper, Hershal Pandya, Wolfgang Rhode, Zhedong Zhang, P. Schlunder, A. Ishihara, Elisa Resconi, Subir Sarkar, William Luszczak, Clara E. Hill, Ava Ghadimi, Alessio Porcelli, Alan Coleman, J. Auffenberg, Grant Parker, Robert Stein, Dirk Ryckbosch, Benjamin Bastian, Anastasia Maria Barbano, Abhishek Desai, T. Kittler, J. Nam, P. Mallik, E. Blaufuss, S. Zierke, T. Stanev, M. Bohmer, Stephan Meighen-Berger, Simone Garrappa, P. Muth, Dmitry Chirkin, M. E. Huber, Marcos Santander, Christoph Raab, Nadège Iovine, J. Becker Tjus, L. Classen, Colin Turley, S. C. Nowicki, K. Farrag, M. Kleifges, O. Kalekin, A. Olivas, Alexander Kappes, D. Berley, G. C. Hill, Abigail G. Vieregg, Frank G. Schröder, D. Heinen, Erin Carnie-Bronca, N. Kulacz, D. Tosi, J. C. Hanson, Bunheng Ty, Ralph Engel, Moritz Kellermann, Gisela Anton, Elisa Lohfink, Elisa Bernardini, Damian Pieloth, Ali Kheirandish, Jan Soedingrekso, Giovanni Renzi, Michael DuVernois, Jannes Brostean-Kaiser, K. Wiebe, S. Fahey, A. R. Fazely, Tyce DeYoung, J. Lünemann, Thomas Ehrhardt, Nathan Whitehorn, Immacolata Carmen Rea, M. U. Nisa, Aaron Fienberg, Gerald Przybylski, G. Krückl, L. Papp, Amirreza Raissi, L. Köpke, Chris Weaver, R. Halliday, Alejandro Diaz, Stephanie Bron, S. Söldner-Rembold, James Pinfold, Ryan Burley, M. Riegel, H. Bagherpour, Stephanie Wissel, Olga Botner, Y. Pan, A. Steuer, S. Tilav, D. Kang, M. deWith, V. Baum, J. P. Yanez, I. Taboada, Stephen L. Hauser, Raamis Hussain, Michael O. Wolf, M. Stamatikos, John Evans, Shefali Shefali, Christoph Welling, Abdul Rehman, Carsten Rott, K. Tollefson, A. Goldschmidt, Y. Popovych, Troels Petersen, S. E. Sanchez Herrera, Simeon Reusch, S. Hickford, Xianwu Xu, J. Sandroos, C. Bohm, R. Joppe, Spencer Axani, Sebastian Baur, Carlos Arguelles, Jessie Micallef, Teppei Katori, K. Rawlins, James Madsen, Lu Lu, M. G. Aartsen, T. Glüsenkamp, M. Meier, Michael Campana, P. Sandstrom, Kendall Mahn, B. J. P. Jones, K. Hoshina, Glenn Spiczak, Andres Medina, G. Momenté, D. Mockler, M. Rameez, D. F. Cowen, Daria Pankova, E. Friedman, R. Morse, T. Montaruli, E. Unger, Maximilian Karl Scharf, P. Peiffer, J. Stettner, Gerrit Roellinghoff, Mirco Hunnefeld, Marie Oehler, Max Renschler, D. J. Koskinen, E. Bourbeau, Spencer Griswold, Maria Tselengidou, D. Soldin, Z. Márka, Minjin Jeong, L. Rauch, S. Yoshida, N. van Eijndhoven, C. Haack, Emily Dvorak, D. R. Nygren, Marek Kowalski, Kael Hanson, Paolo Desiati, J. Haugen, Lars Steffen Weinstock, Johan Wulff, Won Nam Kang, Timothyblake Watson, X. Bai, G. Neer, Konstancja Satalecka, Theo Glauch, U. Katz, Alexander Sandrock, Ilse Plaisier, K. Mase, D. B. Fox, Hermann Kolanoski, M. J. Weiss, Stef Verpoest, Imre Bartos, David J. Smith, S. Kopper, René Reimann, Leander Fischer, F. Huang, Matthias Vraeghe, Physics, Faculty of Sciences and Bioengineering Sciences, Vriendenkring VUB, and Elementary Particle Physics

Subjects
Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), astro-ph.HE, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Active galactic nucleus, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, High-energy astronomy, Gravitational wave, media_common.quotation_subject, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy, FOS: Physical sciences, Cosmic ray, 01 natural sciences, Universe, Neutron star, 0103 physical sciences, Neutrino, Neutrino astronomy, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, media_common
Abstract

The observation of electromagnetic radiation from radio to $\gamma$-ray wavelengths has provided a wealth of information about the universe. However, at PeV (10$^{15}$ eV) energies and above, most of the universe is impenetrable to photons. New messengers, namely cosmic neutrinos, are needed to explore the most extreme environments of the universe where black holes, neutron stars, and stellar explosions transform gravitational energy into non-thermal cosmic rays. The discovery of cosmic neutrinos with IceCube has opened this new window on the universe. In this white paper, we present an overview of a next-generation instrument, IceCube-Gen2, which will sharpen our understanding of the processes and environments that govern the universe at the highest energies. IceCube-Gen2 is designed to: 1) Resolve the high-energy neutrino sky from TeV to EeV energies; 2) Investigate cosmic particle acceleration through multi-messenger observations; 3) Reveal the sources and propagation of the highest energy particles in the universe; 4) Probe fundamental physics with high-energy neutrinos. IceCube-Gen2 will increase the annual rate of observed cosmic neutrinos by a factor of ten compared to IceCube, and will be able to detect sources five times fainter than its predecessor. Furthermore, through the addition of a radio array, IceCube-Gen2 will extend the energy range by several orders of magnitude compared to IceCube. Construction will take 8 years and cost about \$350M. The goal is to have IceCube-Gen2 fully operational by 2033. IceCube-Gen2 will play an essential role in shaping the new era of multi-messenger astronomy, fundamentally advancing our knowledge of the high-energy universe. This challenging mission can be fully addressed only in concert with the new survey instruments across the electromagnetic spectrum and gravitational wave detectors which will be available in the coming years., Comment: 56 pages, 29 figures

Published
2020
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15. Author Correction: Discovery and confirmation of the shortest gamma-ray burst from a collapsar

Author

Anna Y. Q. Ho, Kevin Hurley, Philippe Rosnet, Simeon Reusch, A. J. Castro-Tirado, Harsh Kumar, Viraj Karambelkar, Eleonora Troja, S. R. Kulkarni, Kaushik De, Ashish Mahabal, Igor Andreoni, Leo Singer, Bryce Bolin, Rachel Dunwoody, Christoffer Fremling, A. F. Valeev, Avishay Gal-Yam, Poonam Chandra, S. Dichiara, Roger Smith, Dmitry A. Duev, Chris Cannella, E. C. Kool, S. Bradley Cenko, Richard Walters, Matthew J. Graham, Maayane T. Soumagnac, B. Rusholme, Joseph Mangan, Varun Bhalerao, Eric Burns, Tomas Ahumada, Geoffrey Ryan, Mouza Almualla, A. Tsvetkova, Mansi M. Kasliwal, Shashi B. Pandey, Peter T. H. Pang, Mattia Bulla, Virginia Cunningham, Sheila McBreen, Dmitry S. Svinkin, Eric C. Bellm, Shreya Anand, Sonalika Purkayastha, Pradip Gatkine, Tim Dietrich, Robert Stein, Erica Hammerstein, Frank J. Masci, A. Ridnaia, Shabnam Iyyani, D. D. Frederiks, Michael W. Coughlin, Daniel A. Perley, and Ana Sagués Carracedo

Subjects
Physics, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, High-energy astronomy, 0103 physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Gamma-ray burst, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Time domain astronomy
Published
2021
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16. LeptonInjector and LeptonWeighter: A neutrino event generator and weighter for neutrino observatories

Author

Janet Conrad, R. Cross, D. Hebecker, William Luszczak, K.-H. Becker, Yiqian Xu, Matt Dunkman, Ioana Codrina Maris, Thomas Stuttard, Christian Spiering, Thomas Ehrhardt, Sarah Pieper, A. Kyriacou, Ken'ichi Kin, Christoph Raab, Nadège Iovine, Dirk Ryckbosch, S. De Ridder, Stephan Meighen-Berger, D. Berley, G. C. Hill, Bunheng Ty, Paul Coppin, Justin Vandenbroucke, Andrea Turcati, J. Becker Tjus, J. J. Beatty, Christian Haack, Tianlu Yuan, M. J. Larson, Ralph Engel, Moritz Kellermann, F. McNally, Wing Yan Ma, Emma C. Hettinger, Reina H. Maruyama, A. Obertacke Pollmann, Summer Blot, Frank G. Schröder, U. Katz, Giovanni Renzi, Damian Pieloth, Ali Kheirandish, T. Gregoire, James DeLaunay, Marjon Moulai, S. Fahey, M. Kauer, Tyce DeYoung, Abhishek Desai, J. Werthebach, D. B. Fox, J. van Santen, J. L. Kelley, Markus Ahlers, Suyong Choi, Alex Pizzuto, Jannes Brostean-Kaiser, Nathan Whitehorn, Immacolata Carmen Rea, David Kappesser, Jan Soedingrekso, Brandom Pries, L. Schumacher, Maximilian Karl Scharf, S. C. Nowicki, Gary Binder, Karl J. Clark, D. van Eijk, Shefali Shefali, P. B. Price, Matti Jansson, A. Franckowiak, Hermann Kolanoski, M. U. Nisa, Mehmet Gunduz, Agnieszka Leszczyńska, R. C. Bay, Abdul Rehman, Francesco Lucarelli, Carsten Rott, Chujie Chen, Austin Schneider, George Japaridze, Juan Carlos Diaz-Velez, Roger Moore, L. Köpke, Mark Weyrauch, Stef Verpoest, Aaron Fienberg, Timo Karg, D. Tosi, Y. L. Li, Amirreza Raissi, T. O. B. Schmidt, Paras Koundal, Mike Richman, N. van Eijndhoven, Erik Ganster, Y. Makino, P. Peiffer, Johan Wulff, A. Weindl, Segev BenZvi, Elisa Lohfink, Timothyblake Watson, J. Bourbeau, Nora Valtonen-Mattila, Michael Kovacevich, M. E. Huber, Spencer Klein, Javier Gonzalez, Roxanne Turcotte, Maryon Ahrens, Samvel Ter-Antonyan, Kurt Woschnagg, Marcos Santander, Richard Naab, S. Tilav, Daria Pankova, L. Gerhardt, G. Krückl, Konstancja Satalecka, A. Olivas, Alexander Fritz, D. Z. Besson, Stephanie Bron, E. Friedman, Paul Evenson, Frederik Tenholt, R. Nagai, C. De Clercq, C. Lagunas Gualda, Y. Popovych, C. J. Lozano Mariscal, C. Weaver, Martin Rongen, Theo Glauch, Alejandro Diaz, Michael DuVernois, Seongjin In, Elisa Resconi, Alessio Porcelli, H. Dujmovic, Matthias Vraeghe, Rasha Abbasi, B. J. Whelan, Kara Hoffman, J. Kim, G. W. Sullivan, James E. Braun, T. Kintscher, Simone Garrappa, Xianwu Xu, J. Sandroos, Dmitry Chirkin, Alexander Kappes, K. Rawlins, J. P. Yanez, G. H. Collin, J. Evans, Alan Coleman, David A. Williams, Markus Ackermann, S. W. Barwick, Philipp Furst, Zhedong Zhang, Ava Ghadimi, F. Huang, Emily Dvorak, Hershal Pandya, Frederik Hermann Lauber, R. S. Busse, Surujhdeo Seunarine, R. Snihur, K. Tollefson, E. O'Sullivan, R. Morse, Jakob Bottcher, T. Montaruli, Jan Weldert, Wolfgang Rhode, Robert Stein, Alexander Trettin, N. Kurahashi, Christopher Wiebusch, Kunal Deoskar, Juanan Aguilar, L. Halve, Franziska Tischbein, Justin Lanfranchi, M. Ha Minh, C. Wendt, P. Mallik, M. Stamatikos, K. Meagher, C. Pérez de los Heros, Gerald Przybylski, A. Karle, James Madsen, Chad Finley, Daniel Bindig, R. Halliday, B. J. P. Jones, G. de Wasseige, A. Wallace, Kayla Leonard, Ben Smithers, P. Eller, Simeon Reusch, Lu Lu, T. Anderson, J. C. Gallagher, A. Sharma, Sukeerthi Dharani, Christoph Tönnis, R. Hoffmann, John Hardin, Jean Pierre Twagirayezu, A. Ishihara, Tim Ruhe, A. Haungs, Rui An, Nahee Park, A. Ludwig, Francis Halzen, J. Merz, D. Rysewyk Cantu, C. Walck, Elisa Bernardini, Gerrit Wrede, T. Stanev, K. Hultqvist, Benedikt Riedel, D. Seckel, K. Mase, Andres Medina, Darren Grant, Benjamin Hokanson-Fasig, I. Ansseau, D. Mockler, Thomas Huber, Thomas K. Gaisser, Chiara Bellenghi, Yang Lyu, T. Glüsenkamp, Grant Parker, Jenni Adams, M. Meier, Michael Campana, H. Niederhausen, H. Schieler, Ek Narayan Paudel, Allan Hallgren, Colin Turley, Saskia Philippen, Juliana Stachurska, H. Dembinski, K. Helbing, A. Steuer, Kendall Mahn, A. Goldschmidt, Alexander A. Harnisch, Kirill Filimonov, Kael Hanson, Spencer Axani, Christian Glaser, K. Wiebe, Barbara Skrzypek, S. E. Sanchez Herrera, Stephen L. Hauser, M. J. Weiss, R. G. Stokstad, Lenka Tomankova, Carlos Arguelles, Jessie Micallef, Jannis Necker, Raamis Hussain, D. Kang, M. Silva, I. Taboada, Najia Moureen Binte Amin, Federica Bradascio, Alexander Burgman, J. P. Lazar, Michael O. Wolf, M. Prado Rodriguez, Clara E. Hill, S. Kopper, Paolo Desiati, K. D. de Vries, S. Hickford, I. Safa, Pranav Dave, René Reimann, Merlin Schaufel, Minjin Jeong, Leander Fischer, Qinrui Liu, R. Joppe, Martina Karl, Jochen M. Schneider, Srubabati Goswami, M. A. Unland Elorrieta, Sebastian Baur, Sebastian Fiedlschuster, D. R. Nygren, Marek Kowalski, Olga Botner, V. Baum, T. Stezelberger, S. Yoshida, Won Nam Kang, Sarah Mancina, X. Bai, Tobias Hoinka, Vedant Basu, Steve Sclafani, J. Kiryluk, K. Andeen, A.A. Alves, Alexander Sandrock, Pablo Correa, B. A. Clark, P. Schlunder, Sebastian Böser, Benjamin Bastian, Anastasia Maria Barbano, Gisela Anton, Max Renschler, Chunfai Tung, D. J. Koskinen, S. Robertson, E. Bourbeau, Joshua Hignight, Spencer Griswold, Maria Tselengidou, D. Soldin, Ramesh Koirala, E. Blaufuss, L. Classen, K. Hoshina, Glenn Spiczak, G. Momenté, M. Rameez, D. F. Cowen, U. Naumann, David Vannerom, Le Viet Nguyen, K. Krings, J. Stettner, M. Plum, Gerrit Roellinghoff, Mirco Hunnefeld, Marie Oehler, Z. Griffith, Xinyue Kang, Claudio Kopper, Subir Sarkar, Felix Henningsen, A. R. Fazely, Simona Toscano, C. Alispach, Physics, Faculty of Sciences and Bioengineering Sciences, Elementary Particle Physics, and Vriendenkring VUB

Subjects
Particle physics, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Computer science, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, General Physics and Astronomy, CHERENKOV LIGHT YIELD, Weighting, 01 natural sciences, High Energy Physics - Experiment, 010305 fluids & plasmas, Standard Model, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), Neutrino interaction, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), 0103 physical sciences, 010306 general physics, Cherenkov radiation, Event generator, Neutrino generator, Neutrino simulation, Generator (computer programming), hep-ex, Event (computing), ICE, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Detector, hep-ph, Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph), Quantitative Biology::Genomics, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, physics.comp-ph, Hardware and Architecture, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutrino, Physics - Computational Physics, Lepton
Abstract

We present a high-energy neutrino event generator, called LeptonInjector, alongside an event weighter, called LeptonWeighter. Both are designed for large-volume Cherenkov neutrino telescopes such as IceCube. The neutrino event generator allows for quick and flexible simulation of neutrino events within and around the detector volume, and implements the leading Standard Model neutrino interaction processes relevant for neutrino observatories: neutrino-nucleon deep-inelastic scattering and neutrino-electron annihilation. In this paper, we discuss the event generation algorithm, the weighting algorithm, and the main functions of the publicly available code, with examples., Comment: 28 pages, 10 figures, 3 tables

Published
2021
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17. Kilonova Luminosity Function Constraints Based on Zwicky Transient Facility Searches for 13 Neutron Star Merger Triggers during O3

Author

Adam A. Miller, S. Bradley Cenko, Russ R. Laher, Joshua S. Bloom, Matthew J. Graham, Alessandra Corsi, Jesper Sollerman, Anastasios Tzanidakis, Kwan-Lok Li, Sudhanshu Barway, Mattia Bulla, Kunal Deshmukh, Shaon Ghosh, S. R. Kulkarni, Jeffry Zolkower, Yuhan Yao, Igor Andreoni, Melissa L. Graham, Leo Singer, Kevin B. Burdge, Shreya Anand, Jeffrey A. Newman, Eric C. Bellm, S. R. Mohite, Avishay Gal-Yam, David A. H. Buckley, Hanjie Tan, Maitreya Khandagale, Bin-Bin Zhang, Y. D. Hu, Frank J. Masci, Chris M. Copperwheat, S. R. Oates, Ashish Mahabal, E. C. Kool, Brajesh Kumar, Simeon Reusch, Anna Franckowiak, Samaya Nissanke, Tomas Ahumada, Jeff Cooke, Elena Pian, Christoffer Fremling, Harsh Kumar, S. Dichiara, Maayane T. Soumagnac, George Helou, Aishwarya S. Dahiwale, Kaushik De, Pradip Gatkine, Dmitry A. Duev, A. J. Castro-Tirado, Shashi B. Pandey, Dougal Dobie, Rongpu Zhou, M. Pavana, G. C. Anupama, Sara Frederick, Bryce Bolin, Kirsty Taggart, Rick Burruss, Justin Belicki, Ariel Goobar, Amruta Jaodand, Yashvi Sharma, Chow-Choong Ngeow, Reed Riddle, Daniel A. Goldstein, Ivan Agudo, Kunal Mooley, Mansi M. Kasliwal, Albert K. H. Kong, Varun Bhalerao, Roger Smith, Michael W. Coughlin, Anirban Dutta, Chris Cannella, Michael Feeney, Avinash Singh, Ana Sagués Carracedo, Sara Webb, Marek Kowalski, V. Zach Golkhou, A. F. Valeev, Daniel A. Perley, Przemek Mróz, David O. Cook, M. D. Caballero-Garcia, Ashot Bagdasaryan, Wing-Huen Ip, R. Sanchez-Ramirez, Eleonora Troja, David L. Kaplan, M. Hankins, Richard Walters, Po-Chieh Yu, Mouza Almualla, Viraj Karambelkar, Moses Mogotsi, G. Waratkar, Virginia Cunningham, Atharva Sunil Patil, Robert Stein, National Science Foundation (US), Heising Simons Foundation, Department of Energy (US), Swedish Research Council, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), European Commission, Ministry of Science and Technology (Taiwan), and Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation

Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Population, Astrophysics, R-process, Kilonova, Sky surveys, 01 natural sciences, NO, Neutron stars, Gravitational waves, Photometry (optics), Photometry, 0103 physical sciences, education, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Compact objects, QC, Luminosity function, Spectroscopy, QB, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Physics, education.field_of_study, Black holes, Astronomy and Astrophysics, LIGO, Black hole, Neutron star, Space and Planetary Science, r-process, Nucleosynthesis
Abstract

All authors: Kasliwal, Mansi M.; Anand, Shreya; Ahumada, Tomás; Stein, Robert; Carracedo, Ana Sagués; Andreoni, Igor; Coughlin, Michael W.; Singer, Leo P.; Kool, Erik C.; De, Kishalay; Kumar, Harsh; AlMualla, Mouza; Yao, Yuhan; Bulla, Mattia; Dobie, Dougal; Reusch, Simeon; Perley, Daniel A.; Cenko, S. Bradley; Bhalerao, Varun; Kaplan, David L.; Sollerman, Jesper; Goobar, Ariel; Copperwheat, Christopher M.; Bellm, Eric C.; Anupama, G. C.; Corsi, Alessandra; Nissanke, Samaya; Agudo, Iván; Bagdasaryan, Ashot; Barway, Sudhanshu; Belicki, Justin; Bloom, Joshua S.; Bolin, Bryce; Buckley, David A. H.; Burdge, Kevin B.; Burruss, Rick; Caballero-García, Maria D.; Cannella, Chris; Castro-Tirado, Alberto J.; Cook, David O.; Cooke, Jeff; Cunningham, Virginia; Dahiwale, Aishwarya; Deshmukh, Kunal; Dichiara, Simone; Duev, Dmitry A.; Dutta, Anirban; Feeney, Michael; Franckowiak, Anna; Frederick, Sara; Fremling, Christoffer; Gal-Yam, Avishay; Gatkine, Pradip; Ghosh, Shaon; Goldstein, Daniel A.; Golkhou, V. Zach; Graham, Matthew J.; Graham, Melissa L.; Hankins, Matthew J.; Helou, George; Hu, Youdong; Ip, Wing-Huen; Jaodand, Amruta; Karambelkar, Viraj; Kong, Albert K. H.; Kowalski, Marek; Khandagale, Maitreya; Kulkarni, S. R.; Kumar, Brajesh; Laher, Russ R.; Li, K. L.; Mahabal, Ashish; Masci, Frank J.; Miller, Adam A.; Mogotsi, Moses; Mohite, Siddharth; Mooley, Kunal; Mroz, Przemek; Newman, Jeffrey A.; Ngeow, Chow-Choong; Oates, Samantha R.; Patil, Atharva Sunil; Pandey, Shashi B.; Pavana, M.; Pian, Elena; Riddle, Reed; Sánchez-Ramírez, Rubén; Sharma, Yashvi; Singh, Avinash; Smith, Roger; Soumagnac, Maayane T.; Taggart, Kirsty; Tan, Hanjie; Tzanidakis, Anastasios; Troja, Eleonora; Valeev, Azamat F.; Walters, Richard; Waratkar, Gaurav; Webb, Sara; Yu, Po-Chieh; Zhang, Bin-Bin; Zhou, Rongpu; Zolkower, Jeffry, We present a systematic search for optical counterparts to 13 gravitational wave (GW) triggers involving at least one neutron star during LIGO/Virgo's third observing run (O3). We searched binary neutron star (BNS) and neutron star black hole (NSBH) merger localizations with the Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF) and undertook follow-up with the Global Relay of Observatories Watching Transients Happen (GROWTH) collaboration. The GW triggers had a median localization area of 4480 deg2, a median distance of 267 Mpc, and false-alarm rates ranging from 1.5 to 10-25 yr-1. The ZTF coverage in the g and r bands had a median enclosed probability of 39%, median depth of 20.8 mag, and median time lag between merger and the start of observations of 1.5 hr. The O3 follow-up by the GROWTH team comprised 340 UltraViolet/Optical/InfraRed (UVOIR) photometric points, 64 OIR spectra, and three radio images using 17 different telescopes. We find no promising kilonovae (radioactivity-powered counterparts), and we show how to convert the upper limits to constrain the underlying kilonova luminosity function. Initially, we assume that all GW triggers are bona fide astrophysical events regardless of false-alarm rate and that kilonovae accompanying BNS and NSBH mergers are drawn from a common population; later, we relax these assumptions. Assuming that all kilonovae are at least as luminous as the discovery magnitude of GW170817 (-16.1 mag), we calculate that our joint probability of detecting zero kilonovae is only 4.2%. If we assume that all kilonovae are brighter than-16.6 mag (the extrapolated peak magnitude of GW170817) and fade at a rate of 1 mag day-1 (similar to GW170817), the joint probability of zero detections is 7%. If we separate the NSBH and BNS populations based on the online classifications, the joint probability of zero detections, assuming all kilonovae are brighter than-16.6 mag, is 9.7% for NSBH and 7.9% for BNS mergers. Moreover, no more than 10-4, or φ > 30° to be consistent with our limits. We look forward to searches in the fourth GW observing run; even 17 neutron star mergers with only 50% coverage to a depth of-16 mag would constrain the maximum fraction of bright kilonovae to, This work was supported by the Global Relay of Observatories Watching Transients Happen (GROWTH) project, funded by the National Science Foundation under PIRE grant No. 1545949. GROWTH is a collaborative project among the California Institute of Technology (USA), University of Maryland College Park (USA), University of Wisconsin Milwaukee (USA), Texas Tech University (USA), San Diego State University (USA), University of Washington (USA), Los Alamos National Laboratory (USA), Tokyo Institute of Technology (Japan), National Central University (Taiwan), Indian Institute of Astrophysics (India), Indian Institute of Technology Bombay (India), Weizmann Institute of Science (Israel), The Oskar Klein Centre at Stockholm University (Sweden), Humboldt University (Germany), Liverpool John Moores University (UK), and University of Sydney (Australia). Based on observations obtained with the Samuel Oschin Telescope 48 inch and the 60 inch telescope at the Palomar Observatory as part of the Zwicky Transient Facility project. The ZTF is supported by the National Science Foundation under grant No. AST-1440341 and a collaboration including Caltech, IPAC, the Weizmann Institute for Science, the Oskar Klein Center at Stockholm University, the University of Maryland, the University of Washington, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron and Humboldt University, Los Alamos National Laboratories, the TANGO Consortium of Taiwan, the University of Wisconsin at Milwaukee, and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratories. Operations are conducted by COO, IPAC, and UW. The ZTF forced photometry service was funded under Heising-Simons Foundation grant No. 12540303 (PI: Graham). The SED Machine is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under grant No. 1106171. The GROWTH-India telescope is a 70 cm telescope with a 0.7 degrees field of view, set up by the Indian Institute of Astrophysics and the Indian Institute of Technology Bombay with support from the Indo-US Science and Technology Forum (IUSSTF) and the Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB) of the Department of Science and Technology (DST), Government of India (https://sites.google.com/view/growthindia/). It is located at the Indian Astronomical Observatory (Hanle), operated by the Indian Institute of Astrophysics (IIA). The GROWTH-India project is supported by SERB and administered by IUSSTF under grant No. IUSSTF/PIRE Program/GROWTH/2015-16. This research has made use of the VizieR catalog access tool, CDS, Strasbourg, France (doi: 10.26093/cds/vizier). The original description of the VizieR service was published in A&AS 143, 23. These results made use of the Lowell Discovery Telescope (LDT) at Lowell Observatory. Lowell is a private, nonprofit institution dedicated to astrophysical research and public appreciation of astronomy and operates the LDT in partnership with Boston University, the University of Maryland, the University of Toledo, Northern Arizona University, and Yale University. The Large Monolithic Imager was built by Lowell Observatory using funds provided by the National Science Foundation (AST-1005313). The upgrade of the DeVeny optical spectrograph has been funded by a generous grant from John and Ginger Giovale and a grant from the Mt. Cuba Astronomical Foundation. The KPED team thanks the National Science Foundation and the National Optical Astronomical Observatory for making the Kitt Peak 2.1 m telescope available. We thank the observatory staff at Kitt Peak for their efforts to assist Robo-AO KP operations. The KPED team thanks the National Science Foundation, the National Optical Astronomical Observatory, the Caltech Space Innovation Council, and the Murty family for support in the building and operation of KPED. In addition, they thank the CHIMERA project for use of the Electron Multiplying CCD (EMCCD). The Liverpool Telescope is operated on the island of La Palma by Liverpool John Moores University in the Spanish Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos of the Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias with financial support from the UK Science and Technology Facilities Council. Some spectroscopic observations were obtained with the Southern African Large Telescope (SALT). The Photometric Redshifts for the Legacy Surveys (PRLS) catalog used in this paper was produced thanks to funding from the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics, via grant DE-SC0007914. This publication has made use of data collected at Lulin Observatory, partly supported by MoST grant 108-2112-M-008-001. Based on observations made with the Gran Telescopio Canarias (GTC), installed at the Spanish Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos of the Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias on the island of La Palma. M.M.K. acknowledges generous support from the David and Lucille Packard Foundation. M.W.C. acknowledges support from the National Science Foundation with grant No. PHY-2010970. A.G. and J.S. acknowledge support from the Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation and GREAT research environment grant 2016-06012, funded by the Swedish Research Council. Some of the work by D.A.P. was performed at the Aspen Center for Physics, which is supported by National Science Foundation grant PHY-1607611. D.A.P. was partially supported by a grant from the Simons Foundation. H.K. thanks the LSSTC Data Science Fellowship Program, which is funded by LSSTC, NSF Cybertraining Grant 1829740, the Brinson Foundation, and the Moore Foundation; his participation in the program has benefited this work. This work has been supported by the Spanish Science Ministry Centro de Excelencia Severo Ochoa Program under grant SEV-2017-0709. A.J.C.T. acknowledges support from the Junta de Andalucia (Project P07-TIC-03094) and Spanish Ministry Projects AYA2012-39727-C03-01, AYA2015-71718R, and PID-019-109974RB-I00. V.A.F. was supported by grant RFBR 19-02-00432. I.A. acknowledges support by a Ramon y Cajal grant (RYC-2013-14511) of the Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovacion, y Universidades (MICIU) of Spain. He also acknowledges financial support from MCIU through grant AYA2016-80889-P. A.A.M. is funded by the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope Corporation, the Brinson Foundation, and the Moore Foundation in support of the LSSTC Data Science Fellowship Program; he also receives support as a CIERA Fellow by the CIERA Postdoctoral Fellowship Program (Center for Interdisciplinary Exploration and Research in Astrophysics, Northwestern University). A.C. acknowledges support from the National Science Foundation with grant No. 1907975. W.-H.I., A. K., K.-L.L., C.-C.N., A.P., H.T., and P.-C.Y. acknowledge support from Ministry of Science and Technology (MoST) Taiwan grants 104-2923-M-008-004-MY5, 107-2119-M-008-012, 108-2628-M-007-005-RSP, and 108-2112-M-007-025-MY3. D.D. is supported by an Australian Government Research Training Program Scholarship. S.A. is supported by the GROWTH project, funded by the National Science Foundation under PIRE grant No. 1545949. A.S.C. is supported by GREAT research environment grant 2016-06012, funded by the Swedish Research Council. E.C.K. acknowledges support from the G.R.E.A.T. research environment and the Wenner-Gren Foundations. A.J.C.T. is thankful for fruitful discussions with J. Cepa, E. Fernandez-Garcia, J. A. Font, S. Jeong, A. Martin-Carrillo, A. M. Sintes, and S. Sokolov. D.A.H.B. acknowledges research support from the National Research Foundation of South Africa. S.B.P. and V.B. acknowledge BRICS grant No. "DST/IMRCD/BRICS/PilotCall1/ProFCheap/2017(G)" for part of the present work. J.S.B. was partially supported by a Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation Data-Driven Discovery grant and a grant from the National Science Foundation, "Conceptualization of a Scalable Cyberinfrastructure Center for Multimessenger Astrophysics."

Published
2020

18. A search for time-dependent astrophysical neutrino emission with IceCube data from 2012 to 2017

Author

Alexander Trettin, J. C. Gallagher, Gerrit Wrede, Federica Bradascio, S. Tilav, K. Rawlins, Alexander Burgman, C. J. Lozano Mariscal, K. Helbing, Thomas Huber, Ek Narayan Paudel, Allan Hallgren, J. P. Yanez, H. Dujmovic, D. Tosi, James Madsen, Lu Lu, P. Schlunder, Rasha Abbasi, B. J. Whelan, Won Nam Kang, D. Kang, Elisa Lohfink, X. Bai, I. Safa, A. Wallace, Surujhdeo Seunarine, R. Snihur, Juanan Aguilar, I. Taboada, Michael DuVernois, P. B. Price, Francesco Lucarelli, Merlin Schaufel, Michael O. Wolf, T. O. B. Schmidt, Sarah Mancina, Minjin Jeong, T. Glüsenkamp, Kurt Woschnagg, Simon Hauser, Paul Evenson, K. D. de Vries, Simone Garrappa, M. Meier, David Vannerom, Michael Campana, Dmitry Chirkin, Gerald Przybylski, Alexander Kappes, Jan Weldert, L. Halve, M. Ha Minh, Tobias Hoinka, R. Halliday, Antonio Augusto Alves Jr., A. Ishihara, K. Tollefson, A. Desai, Vedant Basu, Steve Sclafani, M. Stamatikos, B. J. P. Jones, Thomas Ehrhardt, J. Kiryluk, Alexander Sandrock, Kendall Mahn, Gisela Anton, Karl J. Clark, K. Andeen, Christian Haack, C. Pérez de los Heros, Jan Soedingrekso, Frank G. Schröder, Paras Koundal, Mike Richman, Andres Medina, Z. Griffith, A. Goldschmidt, George Japaridze, Saskia Philippen, Pablo Correa, D. Mockler, Simeon Reusch, Michael Kovacevich, Roger Moore, S. Yoshida, B. A. Clark, G. Krückl, Benjamin Hokanson-Fasig, D. Rysewyk Cantu, A. Obertacke Pollmann, U. Katz, K. Hoshina, D. Hebecker, J. Bourbeau, D. R. Nygren, Yang Lyu, Richard Naab, Grant Parker, Lenka Tomankova, Alejandro Diaz, N. van Eijndhoven, D. F. Cowen, Glenn Spiczak, Marek Kowalski, J. L. Kelley, Markus Ahlers, Spencer Axani, Aaron Fienberg, Daria Pankova, E. Friedman, M. Silva, Seongjin In, Elisa Resconi, Alessio Porcelli, E. O'Sullivan, Lisa Johanna Schumacher, Najia Moureen Binte Amin, C. Alispach, Amirreza Raissi, Janet Conrad, Stephanie Bron, Felix Henningsen, M. J. Larson, Le Viet Nguyen, Emily Dvorak, G. Momenté, M. Rameez, M. Prado Rodriguez, Pranav Dave, Carlos Arguelles, K. Wiebe, J. P. Lazar, Clara E. Hill, Erik Ganster, Shefali Shefali, Samvel Ter-Antonyan, A. Steuer, Chunfai Tung, D. B. Fox, Jessie Micallef, Chad Finley, Christoph Tönnis, Raamis Hussain, Abdul Rehman, Carsten Rott, Y. Popovych, K. Krings, Jenni Adams, K. Mase, Alexander A. Harnisch, S. Robertson, Joshua Hignight, R. Cross, Johannes Werthebach, Wing Yan Ma, James DeLaunay, Marjon Moulai, Simona Toscano, Benedikt Riedel, D. Seckel, M. Plum, Y. Makino, Alexander Fritz, D. Z. Besson, Javier Gonzalez, Roxanne Turcotte, M. J. Weiss, R. Morse, Jakob Bottcher, T. Montaruli, S. De Ridder, Xianwu Xu, J. Sandroos, Matthias Vraeghe, Christian Glaser, Brandom Pries, S. Hickford, Paul Coppin, Maximilian Karl Scharf, Xinyue Kang, Olga Botner, S. Kopper, J. Kim, René Reimann, Hermann Kolanoski, R. G. Stokstad, A. V. Balagopal, Andrea Turcati, J. Evans, C. De Clercq, Kael Hanson, U. Naumann, Claudio Kopper, A. Franckowiak, T. Stezelberger, Timo Karg, V. Baum, Leander Fischer, R. Joppe, Stef Verpoest, Jannis Necker, C. Lagunas Gualda, Chujie Chen, T. Gregoire, A. Weindl, Maryon Ahrens, Subir Sarkar, K. Meagher, William Luszczak, P. Peiffer, Daniel Bindig, G. H. Collin, Frederik Tenholt, R. Nagai, Johan Wulff, Timothyblake Watson, Paolo Desiati, C. Weaver, M. E. Huber, Sebastian Baur, Marcos Santander, Ramesh Koirala, Sebastian Fiedlschuster, Alan Coleman, David A. Williams, J. van Santen, J. Stettner, L. Gerhardt, A. Olivas, Konstancja Satalecka, E. Blaufuss, Alex Pizzuto, Markus Ackermann, Theo Glauch, S. W. Barwick, Elisa Bernardini, A. Kyriacou, L. Classen, Gary Binder, D. van Eijk, Sebastian Böser, F. Huang, Gerrit Roellinghoff, J. Becker Tjus, Mark Weyrauch, Kayla Leonard, Y. L. Li, Sukeerthi Dharani, Francis Halzen, J. Merz, Mirco Hunnefeld, Marie Oehler, I. Ansseau, Benjamin Bastian, Anastasia Maria Barbano, Juliana Stachurska, H. Dembinski, G. W. Sullivan, Max Renschler, James E. Braun, D. J. Koskinen, M. Kauer, Suyong Choi, E. Bourbeau, David Kappesser, Matti Jansson, N. Kurahashi, Spencer Griswold, Todor Stanev, C. Wendt, Maria Tselengidou, D. Soldin, Philipp Furst, Mehmet Gunduz, G. de Wasseige, R. Hoffmann, C. Walck, Thomas K. Gaisser, Agnieszka Leszczyńska, R. C. Bay, Tim Ruhe, Austin Schneider, A. Ludwig, H. Niederhausen, Juan Carlos Diaz-Velez, Ken'ichi Kin, J. J. Beatty, Tianlu Yuan, F. McNally, Emma C. Hettinger, Reina H. Maruyama, Summer Blot, Segev BenZvi, Spencer Klein, Kara Hoffman, Hershal Pandya, Wolfgang Rhode, Robert Stein, T. Anderson, John Hardin, Chiara Bellenghi, H. Schieler, Kirill Filimonov, Damian Pieloth, Ali Kheirandish, Jannes Brostean-Kaiser, Ben Smithers, M. U. Nisa, L. Köpke, Jean Pierre Twagirayezu, A. Haungs, Nahee Park, K. Hultqvist, Darren Grant, T. Kintscher, Frederik Hermann Lauber, Justin Lanfranchi, Christian Spiering, Justin Vandenbroucke, S. C. Nowicki, S. E. Sanchez Herrera, K.-H. Becker, Yiqian Xu, Matt Dunkman, Thomas Stuttard, Sarah Pieper, Dirk Ryckbosch, Stephan Meighen-Berger, Qinrui Liu, Martina Karl, Jochen M. Schneider, Srubabati Goswami, M. A. Unland Elorrieta, Martin Rongen, Zhedong Zhang, Ava Ghadimi, Franziska Tischbein, P. Mallik, P. Eller, Colin Turley, R. S. Busse, Christopher Wiebusch, Kunal Deoskar, A. Karle, Ioana Codrina Maris, Christoph Raab, Nadège Iovine, D. Berley, G. C. Hill, Bunheng Ty, Ralph Engel, Moritz Kellermann, Giovanni Renzi, S. Fahey, A. R. Fazely, Tyce DeYoung, Nathan Whitehorn, Immacolata Carmen Rea, Physics, Faculty of Sciences and Bioengineering Sciences, Elementary Particle Physics, and Vriendenkring VUB

Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, High-energy astronomy, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, media_common.quotation_subject, model [emission], FOS: Physical sciences, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, IceCube Neutrino Observatory, IceCube, blazar, law, emission [gamma ray], 0103 physical sciences, Cosmic ray sources, High-energy astrophysics, Particle astrophysics, energy: high [neutrino], Blazar, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, media_common, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), astro-ph.HE, Astroparticle physics, Physics, background, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Universe, messenger, observatory, Space and Planetary Science, ddc:520, time dependence, acceleration [cosmic radiation], Neutrino, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Flare
Abstract

High-energy neutrinos are unique messengers of the high-energy universe, tracing the processes of cosmic ray acceleration. This paper presents analyses focusing on time-dependent neutrino point-source searches. A scan of the whole sky, making no prior assumption about source candidates, is performed, looking for a space and time clustering of high-energy neutrinos in data collected by the IceCube Neutrino Observatory between 2012 and 2017. No statistically significant evidence for a time-dependent neutrino signal is found with this search during this period, as all results are consistent with the background expectation. Within this study period, the blazar 3C 279, showed strong variability, inducing a very prominent gamma-ray flare observed in 2015 June. This event motivated a dedicated study of the blazar, which consists of searching for a time-dependent neutrino signal correlated with the gamma-ray emission. No evidence for a time-dependent signal is found. Hence, an upper limit on the neutrino fluence is derived, allowing us to constrain a hadronic emission model.

Published
2020
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19. Publisher Correction: Detection of a particle shower at the Glashow resonance with IceCube

Author

Jeffrey Lazar, George Japaridze, Roger Moore, M. Zöcklein, D. B. Fox, Timo Karg, Federica Bradascio, Alexander Burgman, S. Sarkar, J. Bourbeau, J. S. Gallagher, Richard Naab, Jan Soedingrekso, Merlin Schaufel, Seongjin In, J. A. Aguilar, Hermann Kolanoski, Elisa Resconi, M. Kauer, M. E. Huber, Marcos Santander, Le Viet Nguyen, D. Kang, Sarah Mancina, Stef Verpoest, Anna Franckowiak, Tobias Hoinka, Alexander Trettin, Aswathi Balagopal, L. Gerhardt, A. Porcelli, K. Krings, Vedant Basu, A. Schneider, Suyong Choi, G. Krückl, David Kappesser, Steve Sclafani, Alan Coleman, Gerrit Wrede, I. Taboada, Dustin Hebecker, Thomas Huber, B. J. P. Jones, A. Olivas, Frank G. Schröder, Ek Narayan Paudel, Allan Hallgren, Sandro Kopper, R. Maunu, Tim Ruhe, Matti Jansson, Thomas Ehrhardt, S. H. Robertson, Christian Haack, A. Kyriacou, C. S. Hill, B. J. Whelan, David Vannerom, Joanna Kiryluk, J. Auffenberg, K. Hoshina, Glenn Spiczak, Pablo Correa, B. A. Clark, G. Momenté, Shefali Shefali, K. Filimonov, D. F. Cowen, Martin Unland Elorrieta, S. De Ridder, A. Wallace, U. Naumann, A. Goldschmidt, Christoph Tönnis, T. Anderson, John Hardin, Mohamed Rameez, Abdul Rehman, Jan Weldert, E. Unger, L. Halve, Thorsten Glusenkamp, Carsten Rott, R. Hellauer, Y. Popovych, Joonghan Kim, Elisa Bernardini, K. Woschnagg, Z. Griffith, M. Kowalski, Etienne Bourbeau, Maria Prado Rodriguez, K. Rawlins, I. C. Mariş, A. O. Pollmann, Chiara Bellenghi, Daria Pankova, E. Friedman, Timothy W. Schmidt, D. Tosi, Chujie Chen, K. Tollefson, Max Renschler, D. J. Koskinen, Elisa Lohfink, Jenni Adams, Xinyue Kang, H. Schieler, Surujhdeo Seunarine, A. Weindl, Johan Wulff, Timothyblake Watson, J. Felde, K. Helbing, David R. Williams, P. Schlunder, Claudio Kopper, Maryon Ahrens, J. Buscher, Spencer Griswold, James DeLaunay, C. Bohm, C. Alispach, James Madsen, Frederik Tenholt, Raffaela Busse, M. Richman, Roxanne Turcotte, Benjamin Bastian, Anastasia Maria Barbano, Maria Tselengidou, Marjon Moulai, M. Medici, Xu X. W., Anatoli Fedynitch, C. H. Wiebusch, Simeon Reusch, Markus Ahlers, S. Hickford, Lu Lu, Cristina Lagunas Gualda, P. B. Price, Michael DuVernois, K. Meagher, T. Kittler, Paul Coppin, Andrea Turcati, C. Pérez de los Heros, Konstancja Satalecka, Theo Glauch, Francesco Lucarelli, S. Böser, Ramesh Koirala, R. G. Stokstad, Jannis Necker, Robert A. Cross, J. van Santen, K. D. de Vries, J. Stettner, Johannes Werthebach, L. Schumacher, A. Ishihara, C. De Clercq, N. L. Strotjohann, Karen Andeen, N. Kulacz, Gerald Przybylski, Michael J Larson, Teresa Montaruli, Felix Henningsen, T. R. Wood, E. Blaufuss, Alex Pizzuto, Michael Campana, Cristian Jesus Lozano Mariscal, Kendall Mahn, A. Steuer, Erik Ganster, T. Kintscher, Markus Ackermann, S. W. Barwick, Gerrit Roellinghoff, William Luszczak, Hershal Pandya, Alexander Fritz, Pranav Dave, A. R. Fazely, J. L. Kelley, Sebastian Sanchez Herrera, Benjamin Hokanson-Fasig, T. Stanev, Paul Evenson, L. Classen, N. Wandkowsky, Wolfgang Rhode, R. Morse, Jakob Bottcher, Mirco Hunnefeld, Marie Oehler, Julia Becker Tjus, Samvel Ter-Antonyan, Robert Stein, Hrvoje Dujmovic, Frederik Hermann Lauber, Yang Lyu, Stephen L. Hauser, S. Tilav, Grant Parker, G. H. Collin, Saskia Philippen, C. Wendt, Gary Binder, Simona Toscano, P. Heix, S. Y. BenZvi, Raamis Hussain, P. Muth, C. B. Finley, T. Stezelberger, A. Desai, Simone Garrappa, Feifei Huang, Dmitry Chirkin, Gisela Anton, Spencer Axani, Andrew Ludwig, A. Terliuk, G. de Wasseige, K. Wiebe, R. Hoffmann, Kayla Leonard, Alexander Kappes, G. Maggi, C. Walck, J. Lünemann, D. Z. Besson, Carlos Arguelles, Sukeerthi Dharani, Justin Lanfranchi, Francis Halzen, J. Merz, J. G. Gonzalez, Jessie Micallef, Ibrahim Safa, Damian Pieloth, M. U. Nisa, Thomas K. Gaisser, R. Engel, K.-H. Becker, Yiqian Xu, Matt Dunkman, R. Joppe, I. Ansseau, Christian Spiering, Aaron Fienberg, M. Silva, Najia Moureen Binte Amin, Juliana Stachurska, Lenka Tomankova, Amirreza Raissi, Mehmet Gunduz, Chris Weaver, Stephanie Bron, Justin Vandenbroucke, Frank McNally, Chunfai Tung, Colin Turley, Jannes Brostean-Kaiser, E. Cheung, Thomas Stuttard, M. Plum, Sarah Pieper, Maximilian Karl Scharf, A. Kheirandish, Dirk Ryckbosch, M. Stamatikos, Stephan Meighen-Berger, Joakim Sandroos, Y. L. Li, Devyn Rysewyk Cantu, Daniela Mockler, Agnieszka Leszczyńska, Martin Wolf, P. Peiffer, R. C. Bay, Joshua Hignight, Timo Sturwald, R. Halliday, Ben Smithers, Jean Pierre Twagirayezu, L. Köpke, A. Haungs, Nahee Park, K. Hultqvist, Darren Grant, Sarah Nowicki, Ryo Nagai, J. P. Yanez, H. Bagherpour, M. G. Aartsen, K. D. Hoffman, S. Baur, Olga Botner, V. Baum, G. W. Sullivan, James E. Braun, Juan Carlos Diaz-Velez, Erin O'Sullivan, Sreetama Goswami, F. Jonske, Ken'ichi Kin, J. J. Beatty, Tianlu Yuan, H. Dembinski, Reina H. Maruyama, Summer Blot, Naoko Kurahashi, Qinrui Liu, S. R. Klein, Martina Karl, Jochen M. Schneider, Martin Rongen, Zhedong Zhang, Ava Ghadimi, P. Mallik, Hans Niederhausen, K. Mase, Yuya Makino, Karl J. Clark, Alberto Martin Gago Medina, M. J. Weiss, René Reimann, Leander Fischer, D. van Eijk, Christoph Raab, Nadège Iovine, M. Song, D. Berley, G. C. Hill, T. L. Carver, Paras Koundal, Bunheng Ty, Woosik Kang, Kael Hanson, Moritz Kellermann, Giovanni Renzi, D. Seckel, S. Fahey, D. R. Nygren, Tyce DeYoung, Nathan Whitehorn, Immacolata Carmen Rea, Jan Conrad, Ma W. Y., Michael Kovacevich, X. Bai, G. Neer, A. Diaz, Robert Snihur, Philipp Eller, Alexander Sandrock, Kunal Deoskar, A. Karle, Rasha Abbasi, Maximilian Meier, Paolo Desiati, Matthias Vraeghe, Minjin Jeong, L. Rauch, D. Soldin, S. Yoshida, Daniel Bindig, N. van Eijndhoven, Timothée Grégoire, Emily Dvorak, M. Relich, Benedikt Riedel, and U. Katz

Subjects
Physics, Particle physics, Multidisciplinary, Particle shower, Glashow resonance
Published
2021
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20. Transient processing and analysis using AMPEL: alert management, photometry, and evaluation of light curves

Author

Charlotte Ward, Anna Franckowiak, A. A. Mahabal, Matteo Giomi, Simeon Reusch, Ulrich Feindt, M. Rigault, J. van Santen, Avishay Gal-Yam, Steve Schulze, Robert Stein, S. van Velzen, L. Rauch, N. Miranda, O. Yaron, Christoffer Fremling, Mattia Bulla, V. Brinnel, Jesper Sollerman, Marek Kowalski, Jakob Nordin, Laboratoire de Physique de Clermont (LPC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), and Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Name server, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Real-time computing, FOS: Physical sciences, virtual observatory tools, Context (language use), Sample (statistics), Astrophysics, astronomical databases: miscellaneous, 01 natural sciences, NO, Photometry (optics), supernovae: general, 0103 physical sciences, Code (cryptography), Transient (computer programming), [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Light curve, methods: data analysis, Space and Planetary Science, cosmology: observations, methods: data analysis– astronomical databases: miscellaneous– virtual observatory tools– supernovae: generalcosmology: observations, ddc:520, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Alert management, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

Astronomy and astrophysics 631, A147 - (2019). doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201935634, Context. Both multi-messenger astronomy and new high-throughput wide-field surveys require flexible tools for the selection and analysis of astrophysical transients.Aims. Here we introduce the alert management, photometry, and evaluation of light curves (AMPEL) system, an analysis framework designed for high-throughput surveys and suited for streamed data. AMPEL combines the functionality of an alert broker with a generic framework capable of hosting user-contributed code; it encourages provenance and keeps track of the varying information states that a transient displays. The latter concept includes information gathered over time and data policies such as access or calibration levels.Methods. We describe a novel ongoing real-time multi-messenger analysis using AMPEL to combine IceCube neutrino data with the alert streams of the Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF). We also reprocess the first four months of ZTF public alerts, and compare the yields of more than 200 different transient selection functions to quantify efficiencies for selecting Type Ia supernovae that were reported to the Transient Name Server (TNS).Results. We highlight three channels suitable for (1) the collection of a complete sample of extragalactic transients, (2) immediate follow-up of nearby transients, and (3) follow-up campaigns targeting young, extragalactic transients. We confirm ZTF completeness in that all TNS supernovae positioned on active CCD regions were detected.Conclusions. AMPEL can assist in filtering transients in real time, running alert reaction simulations, the reprocessing of full datasets as well as in the final scientific analysis of transient data. This is made possible by a novel way of capturing transient information through sequences of evolving states, and interfaces that allow new code to be natively applied to a full stream of alerts. This text also introduces a method by which users can design their own channels for inclusion in the AMPEL live instance that parses the ZTF stream and the real-time submission of high-quality extragalactic supernova candidates to the TNS., Published by EDP Sciences, Les Ulis

Published
2019
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