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365 results on '"Simberkoff, Michael S"'

1. Contingency management with stepped care for unhealthy alcohol use among individuals with HIV: Protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Author

Edelman, E Jennifer, Dziura, James, Deng, Yanhong, DePhilippis, Dominick, Fucito, Lisa M, Ferguson, Tekeda, Bedimo, Roger, Brown, Sheldon, Marconi, Vincent C, Goetz, Matthew Bidwell, Rodriguez-Barradas, Maria C, Simberkoff, Michael S, Molina, Patricia E, Weintrob, Amy C, Maisto, Stephen A, Paris, Manuel, Justice, Amy C, Bryant, Kendall J, and Fiellin, David A

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Health Sciences, Clinical Research, Behavioral and Social Science, Alcoholism, Alcohol Use and Health, Comparative Effectiveness Research, Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities, Prevention, Substance Misuse, 7.1 Individual care needs, Management of diseases and conditions, Good Health and Well Being, Humans, Cohort Studies, Pandemics, COVID-19, Alcohol Drinking, HIV Infections, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Multicenter study, Randomized controlled trial, Algorithms, HIV, Alcohol, Contingency management, Motivational enhancement therapy, Medical and Health Sciences, General Clinical Medicine, Public Health, Biomedical and clinical sciences, Health sciences
Abstract

BackgroundAlthough unhealthy alcohol use is associated with increased morbidity and mortality among people with HIV (PWH), many are ambivalent about engaging in treatment and experience variable responses to treatment. We describe the rationale, aims, and study design for the Financial Incentives, Randomization, with Stepped Treatment (FIRST) Trial, a multi-site randomized controlled efficacy trial.MethodsPWH in care recruited from clinics across the United States who reported unhealthy alcohol use, had a phosphatidylethanol (PEth) >20 ng/mL, and were not engaged in formal alcohol treatment were randomized to integrated contingency management with stepped care versus treatment as usual. The intervention involved two steps; Step 1: Contingency management (n = 5 sessions) with potential rewards based on 1) short-term abstinence; 2) longer-term abstinence; and 3) completion of healthy activities to promote progress in addressing alcohol consumption or conditions potentially impacted by alcohol; Step 2: Addiction physician management (n = 6 sessions) plus motivational enhancement therapy (n = 4 sessions). Participants' treatment was stepped up at week 12 if they lacked evidence of longer-term abstinence. Primary outcome was abstinence at week 24. Secondary outcomes included alcohol consumption (assessed by TLFB and PEth) and the Veterans Aging Cohort Study (VACS) Index 2.0 scores; exploratory outcomes included progress in addressing medical conditions potentially impacted by alcohol. Protocol adaptations due to the COVID-19 pandemic are described.ConclusionsThe FIRST Trial is anticipated to yield insights on the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of integrated contingency management with stepped care to address unhealthy alcohol use among PWH.Clinicaltrialsgov identifier: NCT03089320.

Published
2023

2. Contingency management with stepped care for unhealthy alcohol use among individuals with HIV: Protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Author

Edelman, E. Jennifer, Dziura, James, Deng, Yanhong, DePhilippis, Dominick, Fucito, Lisa M., Ferguson, Tekeda, Bedimo, Roger, Brown, Sheldon, Marconi, Vincent C., Goetz, Matthew Bidwell, Rodriguez-Barradas, Maria C., Simberkoff, Michael S., Molina, Patricia E., Weintrob, Amy C., Maisto, Stephen A., Paris, Manuel, Justice, Amy C., Bryant, Kendall J., and Fiellin, David A.

Published
2023
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3. Integrated stepped alcohol treatment for patients with HIV and liver disease: A randomized trial

Author

Edelman, E. Jennifer, Maisto, Stephen A., Hansen, Nathan B., Cutter, Christopher J., Dziura, James, Deng, Yanhong, Fiellin, Lynn E., O'Connor, Patrick G., Bedimo, Roger, Gibert, Cynthia L., Marconi, Vincent C., Rimland, David, Rodriguez-Barradas, Maria C., Simberkoff, Michael S., Tate, Janet P., Justice, Amy C., Bryant, Kendall J., and Fiellin, David A.

Published
2019
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4. Integrated stepped alcohol treatment for patients with HIV and alcohol use disorder: a randomised controlled trial

Author

Edelman, E Jennifer, Maisto, Stephen A, Hansen, Nathan B, Cutter, Christopher J, Dziura, James, Deng, Yanhong, Fiellin, Lynn E, O'Connor, Patrick G, Bedimo, Roger, Gibert, Cynthia L, Marconi, Vincent C, Rimland, David, Rodriguez-Barradas, Maria C, Simberkoff, Michael S, Tate, Janet P, Justice, Amy C, Bryant, Kendall J, and Fiellin, David A

Published
2019
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5. Association of Increased Upper Trunk and Decreased Leg Fat With 2-h Glucose in Control and HIV-Infected Persons

Author

Kosmiski, Lisa A, Scherzer, Rebecca, Heymsfield, Steven B, Rimland, David, Simberkoff, Michael S, Sidney, Stephen, Shlipak, Michael G, Bacchetti, Peter, Biggs, Mary L, and Grunfeld, Carl

Subjects
Medical Microbiology, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Diabetes, HIV/AIDS, Clinical Research, Sexually Transmitted Infections, Minority Health, Infectious Diseases, Prevention, Nutrition, Aetiology, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Infection, Metabolic and endocrine, Good Health and Well Being, Adult, Blood Glucose, Body Fat Distribution, Body Mass Index, Case-Control Studies, Cohort Studies, Diabetes Mellitus, Female, Glucose Intolerance, Glucose Tolerance Test, HIV Infections, Humans, Leg, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Middle Aged, Prevalence, Regression Analysis, Subcutaneous Fat, Torso, United States, Study of Fat Redistribution and Metabolic Change in HIV Infection
Abstract

ObjectiveChanges in body fat distribution and abnormal glucose metabolism are common in HIV-infected patients. We hypothesized that HIV-infected participants would have a higher prevalence of impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) compared with control subjects.Research design and methodsA total of 491 HIV-infected and 187 control participants from the second examination of the Study of Fat Redistribution and Metabolic Change in HIV Infection (FRAM) underwent glucose tolerance testing (GTT). Multivariable regression was used to identify factors associated with GTT parameters.ResultsThe prevalence of impaired fasting glucose (IFG) (>110 mg/dL) was similar in HIV-infected and control participants (21 vs. 25%, P = 0.23). In those without IFG, the prevalence of IGT was slightly higher in HIV-infected participants compared with control subjects (13.1 vs. 8.2%, P = 0.14) and in HIV+ participants with lipoatrophy versus without (18.1 vs. 11.5%, P = 0.084). Diabetes detected by GTT was rare (HIV subjects 1.3% and control subjects 0%, P = 0.65). Mean 2-h glucose levels were 7.6 mg/dL higher in the HIV-infected participants (P = 0.012). Increased upper trunk subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) and decreased leg SAT were associated with 2-h glucose and IGT in both HIV-infected and control participants. Adjusting for adipose tissue reduced the estimated effects of HIV. Exercise, alcohol use, and current tenofovir use were associated with lower 2-h glucose levels in HIV-infected participants.ConclusionsIn HIV infection, increased upper trunk SAT and decreased leg SAT are associated with higher 2-h glucose. These body fat characteristics may identify HIV-infected patients with normal fasting glucose but nonetheless at increased risk for diabetes.

Published
2011

6. Integrated stepped alcohol treatment for patients with HIV and at-risk alcohol use: a randomized trial

Author

Edelman, E. Jennifer, Maisto, Stephen A., Hansen, Nathan B., Cutter, Christopher J., Dziura, James, Deng, Yanhong, Fiellin, Lynn E., O’Connor, Patrick G., Bedimo, Roger, Gibert, Cynthia L., Marconi, Vincent C., Rimland, David, Rodriguez-Barradas, Maria C., Simberkoff, Michael S., Tate, Janet P., Justice, Amy C., Bryant, Kendall J., and Fiellin, David A.

Published
2020
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7. Preschool-Aged Household Contacts as a Risk Factor for Viral Respiratory Infections in Healthcare Personnel

Author

Most, Zachary M, primary, Nyquist, Ann-Christine, additional, Radonovich, Lewis J, additional, Rodriguez-Barradas, Maria C, additional, Price, Connie Savor, additional, Simberkoff, Michael S, additional, Bessesen, Mary T, additional, Cummings, Derek A T, additional, Rattigan, Susan M, additional, Warren-Gash, Charlotte, additional, Gaydos, Charlotte A, additional, Gibert, Cynthia L, additional, Gorse, Geoffrey J, additional, and Perl, Trish M, additional

Published
2023
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8. Safety of Zoster Vaccine in Elderly Adults Following Documented Herpes Zoster

Author

Morrison, Vicki A., Oxman, Michael N., Levin, Myron J., Schmader, Kenneth E., Guatelli, John C., Betts, Robert F., Gelb, Larry D., Pachucki, Constance T., Keay, Susan K., Menzies, Barbara, Griffin, Marie R., Kauffman, Carol A., Marques, Adriana R., Toney, John F., Simberkoff, Michael S., Serrao, Richard, Arbeit, Robert D., Gnann, John W., Greenberg, Richard N., Holodniy, Mark, Keitel, Wendy A., Yeh, Shingshing S., Davis, Larry E., Crawford, George E., Neuzil, Kathy M., Johnson, Gary R., Zhang, Jane H., Harbecke, Rith, Chan, Ivan S. F., Keller, Paul M., Williams, Heather M., Boardman, Kathy D., Silber, Jeffrey L., and Annunziato, Paula W.

Published
2013
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9. Implementation of 'Treat‐all' at adult HIV care and treatment sites in the Global IeDEA Consortium: results from the Site Assessment Survey

Author

Brazier, Ellen, Maruri, Fernanda, Duda, Stephany N., Tymejczyk, Olga, Wester, C William, Somi, Geoffrey, Ross, Jeremy, Freeman, Aimee, Cornell, Morna, Poda, Armel, Musick, Beverly S., Zhang, Fujie, Althoff, Keri N., Mugglin, Catrina, Kimmel, April D., Yotebieng, Marcel, Nash, Denis, Karminia, Azar, Sohn, Annette H., Allen, Debbie, Bloch, Mark, Boyd, Susan, Brown, Katherine, Costa, Jess, Donohue, William, Gunathilake, Manoji, Hoy, Jennifer, Macrae, Karen, Moore, Richard, Roth, Norman, Rowling, Diane, Silvers, Julie, Smith, David J., Sowden, David, Templeton, David, Varma, Rick, Woolley, Ian, Youds, David, Meng, Somanithd Chhay, Vannary, Bun, Chan, Yun Ting, Lam, Wilson, Lee, Man Po, Ning, Han, Pansy, Yu Po Chu, Kumarasamy, N., Pujari, Sanjay, Kurniati, Nia, Merati, Tuti Parwati, Muktiarti, Dina, Parwata, Wayan Sandhi, Ratni, Made, Sukmawati, Ni Made Dewi Dian, Vedaswari, Dian Sulistya Putu Diah, Wati, Ketut Dewi Kumara, Yunihastuty, Evy, Tanuma, Junko, Mills, Graham, Raymond, Nigel, Ditangco, Rossana, Papa, Ohnmar Seinn, Tek, Ng Oon, Azwa, Raja, Daud, Fauziah, Juin, Wong Ke, Kamarulzaman, Adeeba Binti, Khairulddin, Nik, Li, Chong Meng, Moy, Fong Siew, Shah, Raja Iskandar, Shyan, Wong Peng, Sim, Benedict, Thahira, Jamal Mohamed, Tuang, Koh Mia, Yusoff, Nik, Choi, Jun Yong, Chan, Yu?Jiun, Huang, Chih?Sheng, Wing?Wai, Wong, Avihingsanon, Anchalee, Chokephaibulkit, Kulkanya, Hansudewechakul, Rawiwan, Khumcha, Benjhawan, Khusuwan, Suwimon, Kiertiburanakul, Sasisopin, Lumbiganon, Pagakrong, Maleesatharn, Alan, Praparattanapan, Jutarat, Puthanakit, Thanyawee, Sricharoenchai, Sirintip, Sudjaritruk, Tavitiya, Watanaporn, Suporn, An, Vu Thien, Cuong, Do Duy, H?ng, Bùi Thu, Huy, Bùi V?, Quy, Du Tuan, Van, Lam Nguyen, Baragunzwa, Agathomfue, Gakima, Dévote, Ingabire, Gloria, Kankinoi, Floride, Manyundo, Risase Scholastique, Misago, Celestin, Nahimana, Thierry, Nimbona, Pélagie, Ntirampeba, Felicite, Twizere, Christella, Ajeh, Rogers, Djenabou, Amadou, Dzudie, Anastase, Ewanoge, Alice Ndelle, Tchassem, Edmond, Bampapa, Therese, Lelo, Patricia, Kitetele, Faustin, Paul, Marie, Tytyna, Amida, Akolbout, Maryse, Bitsindou, Parfait, Diafouka, Merlin, Mafoua, Adolphe, Mahinga, Nadine, Moudila, Ella, Moutoula, Antoinette, Ndala, Ulrich, Nsonde, Dominique Mahambou, Ayinkamiye, Josephine, Dusabe, Chantal, Hakizimana, Theogene, Mbaraga, Gilbert, Mukamana, Joyce, Mukantwali, Sandrine, Munyaneza, Athanase, Murangwa, Anthere, Musenguwera, J. Claude, Ngutegure, Marie Immanculee, Ntarambirwa, Fidele, Nyiransabimana, Diane, Sinayobye, Jean D'Amour, Tuyishimire, Yvonne, Uwamahoro, Olive, Viateur, Habumuremyi, Vincent, Sugira, Kuhn, Yee Yee, Musick, Beverly, Rodriguez, Israel, Wools?Kaloustian, Kara, Yiannoutsos, Constantin, Akajoroit, Esinasi, Ariya, Peter, Atsimale, Meshack, Barua, Zeruya, Busaka, Oscar, Bukusi, Elizabeth, Chebor, Valentine, Chemweno, Timothy, Chirchir, John, Esendi, Lameck Diero Sagida, Fwamba, Aisha, Mmella, Anne, Githumbi, Eunice, Hussein, Marcia Nasimiyu, Kandie, Xavier, Kemunto, Martha, Khaemba, Elizabeth, Kipchumba, Mary, Koech, Emily, Kosgei, Caroline, Laundrick, Barasa, Merongo, Ruth, Mochotto, Patricia, Munyisi, Consolata, Ndakalu, Lilian, Ochieng, William Okoth, Odalo, Paul, Okumu, Wicklife, Omari, Lilian, Omondi, Alphoce, Osia, Lydia, Owino, Magret, Oyoo, Maureen, Pepela, Doris, Rono, Millicent, Simon, Omar, Tenge, Angie, Too, Mary, Toto, Modesta, Towett, Cathrine, Wawire, Kennedy, Kimambo, Mensaria, Kinyota, Ester, Lyamuya, Rita, Mathias, Julia, Mfuko, Athuman Ramadhan, Michael, Denna, Ngonyani, Kapella Zacharia, Nyaga, Charles, Somi, G.R., Urassa, Mark S., Batte, James, Bwana, Mwebesa Bosco, Castelnuovo, Barbara, Kanyesigye, Michael, Kisakye, Alice, Nalugoda, Fred, Semuwemba, Haruna, Ssali, John, Ssemakadde, Matthew, Castilho, Jessica, Cesar, Carina, De Alencastro, Paulo Ricardo, Barbosa, Eduardo Luiz, Brites, Carlos, Caricol, Renata, Carmo, Fabiana Bononi Do, Coelho, Lara Esteves, Escuder, Maria Mercedes, Estevam, Denize Lotufo, Ferreira, Flavia Gomes Faleiro, Gonçalves, Alexandre, Gouvêa, Aída Barbosa, Ikeda, Maria Leticia Rodrigues, Kalichman, Artur O., Machado, Daisy Maria, Queiroz, Simone, Souza, Rosa, Succi, Regina Célia, Trindade, Kátia Valeska, Tupinambás, Unai, Wolff, Marcelo, Rouzier, Vanessa, Padgett, Denis, Crabtree, Brenda, Martin, Carlos Eduardo Verne, Mejia, Fernando, Chang, Benny, Done, Brenda, Gabe, Larry, Gill, John, Gough, Kevin, Howlett, Gail, Klein, Marin, Latendre?Paquette, Judy, Leung, Victor, Macphee, Paul, Macpherson, P., Maharaj, Raj, Medina, Lorna Carrasco, Page, Suzanne, Pexos, Costas, Rachlis, Anita, Salters, Kate, Sterling, Sherine, Boswell, Stephen, Burkholder, Greer, Cesteros, Gisela, Chagaris, Kalliope, Franklin, Rosa, Fuhrer, Jack, Gilbert, Cynthia L., Goetz, Matthew, Grasso, Chris, Horberg, Michael, Hunter?Mellado, Robert F., Kell, Rita, Kitahata, Mari, Klein, Daniel, Levine, Ken, Marconi, Vincent, Mathews, Christopher, Mayor, Angel M., Mcgowan, Catherine, Napravnik, Sonia, Novak, Richard, Oursler, Kris Ann, Ramos, Shellier, Rodriguez, Benigno, Rodriguez, Maria C., Silverberg, Michael, Simberkoff, Michael S., Varshney, Mohit, Ward, Douglas, Widick, Barb, Yangco, Bienvenido G., Davies, Mary?Ann, Smith, Lilian, Von Groote, Per Maximilian, Muhairwe, Josephine, Balakasi, Steve, Banda, Quietus, Kalepa, Getrude, Bello, Andrew, Bulla, J.W., Chigeda, Maria, Chikaphupha, Joyce, Chikwekwere, Flora, Kachoka, Jack, Kapito, Allan, Katondo, Alinafe Nathan, Kumwenda, Molly, Labein, Felix Phewa, Magombo, Ronald, Malumbe, Bridget, Makuwira, I., Marico, Patricia, Masangale, Betha, Mchiela, Angella, Midian, Dan, Phiri, Kezia, Tambe, Mary, Thomas, Baid, Thomson, Charles, Hector, Jonas, Cross, Anna, Dlamini, Siphephelo, Eley, Brian, Euvrard, Jonathan, Fatti, Geoffrey, Hilderbrand, Katherine, Hsiao, Marvin, Mpye, Michael, Prozesky, Hans, Reubenson, Gary, Rose, Lesley, Sawry, Shobna, Sibambo, Nosisa, Technau, Karl, Vinikoor, Michael, Chimbetete, Cleophas, Kamenova, Kamelia, Balestre, Eric, Leroy, Valeriane, Malasteste, Karen, Djimon, Marcel Zannou, D' Almeida, Marcelline, Hounhoui, Ghislaine, Assogba, Michee, Zoungrana, Jacques, Yaméogo, Issouf, Tapsoba, Achille, Abdelh, Sidibé, Bosse, Clarisse Amani, Diabaté, Mamoudou, Eboua, Tanoh Kassi François, Folquet, Madeleine Amorissani, Hawelander, Denise, Konaté, Mamadou, Kouakou, Kouadio, Lambert, Dohoun, Minga, Albert Kla, N'Gbeche, Marie Sylvie, Tanon, Aristophane, Yao, Abo, Renner, Lorna, N'Diaye, Clémentine, Berthé, Mme Alima, Seydi, Moussa, Tine, Judicaël, Elom, Takassi Ounoo, Kariylare, Benjamin, and Patassi, Akessiwe

Subjects
Public health administration -- Evaluation, HIV infection -- Diagnosis -- Drug therapy, Health
Abstract

: Introduction: Since 2015, the World Health Organization (WHO) has recommended that all people living with HIV (PLHIV) initiate antiretroviral treatment (ART), irrespective of CD4+ count or clinical stage. National adoption of universal treatment has accelerated since WHO's 2015 “Treat All” recommendation; however, little is known about the translation of this guidance into practice. This study aimed to assess the status of Treat All implementation across regions, countries, and levels of the health care delivery system. Methods: Between June and December 2017, 201/221 (91%) adult HIV treatment sites that participate in the global IeDEA research consortium completed a survey on capacity and practices related to HIV care. Located in 41 countries across seven geographic regions, sites provided information on the status and timing of site‐level introduction of Treat All, as well as site‐level practices related to ART initiation. Results: Almost all sites (93%) reported that they had begun implementing Treat All, and there were no statistically significant differences in site‐level Treat All introduction by health facility type, urban/rural location, sector (public/private) or country income level. The median time between national policy adoption and site‐level introduction was one month. In countries where Treat All was not yet adopted in national guidelines, 69% of sites reported initiating all patients on ART, regardless of clinical criteria, and these sites had been implementing Treat All for a median period of seven months at the time of the survey. The majority of sites (77%) reported typically initiating patients on ART within 14 days of confirming diagnosis, with 60% to 62% of sites implementing Treat All in East, Southern and West Africa reporting same‐day ART initiation for most patients. Conclusions: By mid‐ to late‐2017, the Treat All strategy was the standard of care at almost all IeDEA sites, including rural, primary‐level health facilities in low‐resource settings. While further assessments of site‐level capacity to provide high‐quality HIV care under Treat All and to support sustained viral suppression after ART initiation are needed, the widespread introduction of Treat All at the service delivery level is a critical step towards global targets for ending the HIV epidemic as a public health threat., Introduction WHO's 2015 recommendation for immediate treatment of all PLHIV, regardless of CD4+ cell count, represented a paradigm shift in HIV care and treatment. By preventing morbidity and mortality among [...]

Published
2019
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10. Outpatient healthcare personnel knowledge and attitudes towards infection prevention measures for protection from respiratory infections

Author

Bessesen, Mary T., primary, Rattigan, Susan, additional, Frederick, John, additional, Cummings, Derek A.T., additional, Gaydos, Charlotte A., additional, Gibert, Cynthia L., additional, Gorse, Geoffrey J., additional, Nyquist, Ann-Christine, additional, Price, Connie S., additional, Reich, Nicholas G., additional, Simberkoff, Michael S., additional, Brown, Alexandria C., additional, Radonovich, Lewis J., additional, Perl, Trish M., additional, and Rodriguez-Barradas, Maria C., additional

Published
2021
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11. Contributors

Author

Aagaard, Kjersti, primary, Abrahamian, Fredrick M., additional, Allos, Ban Mishu, additional, Andes, David R., additional, Aoki, Fred Y., additional, Apicella, Michael A., additional, Ard, Kevin L., additional, Arias, Cesar A., additional, Aronoff, David M., additional, Augenbraun, Michael H., additional, Averhoff, Francisco, additional, Azar, Dimitri T., additional, Baddour, Larry M., additional, Baden, Lindsey R., additional, Baker, Carol J., additional, Ballard, Ronald C., additional, Barber, Gerard R., additional, Barnes, Scott D., additional, Barouch, Dan H., additional, Barrett, Alan D., additional, Barshak, Miriam Baron, additional, Basavaraju, Sridhar V., additional, Batteiger, Byron E., additional, Baum, Stephen G., additional, Bayer, Arnold S., additional, Beckham, J. David, additional, Beekmann, Susan E., additional, Bell, Beth P., additional, Bennett, John E., additional, Bente, Dennis A., additional, Berbari, Elie F., additional, Berman, Jonathan, additional, Bertino, Joseph S., additional, Bhimraj, Adarsh, additional, Birdsall, Holly H., additional, Bisno, Alan L., additional, Blackburn, Brian G., additional, Blanton, Lucas S., additional, Blaser, Martin J., additional, Bleck, Thomas P., additional, Blijlevens, Nicole M.A., additional, Bobak, David A., additional, Bonnez, William, additional, Boothroyd, John C., additional, Borio, Luciana L., additional, Bosque, Patrick J., additional, Bower, John, additional, Bradsher, Robert W., additional, Brook, Itzhak, additional, Brown, Kevin E., additional, Brown, Patricia D., additional, Brown-Elliott, Barbara A., additional, Bruhn, Roberta L., additional, Bryant, Amy E., additional, Burd, Eileen M., additional, Burns, Jane C., additional, Bush, Larry M., additional, Calderwood, Stephen B., additional, Cano, Luz Elena, additional, Carpenter, Charles C.J., additional, Caserta, Mary T., additional, Castagnola, Elio, additional, Chaisson, Richard E., additional, Chambers, Henry F., additional, Chapman, Stephen J., additional, Chappell, James D., additional, Chen, Lea Ann, additional, Chen, Sharon C-A, additional, Chow, Anthony W., additional, Clark, Rebecca A., additional, Cohen, Jeffrey I., additional, Cohen, Myron S., additional, Cohen-Poradosu, Ronit, additional, Cohn, Susan E., additional, Connors, Mark, additional, Corey, Lawrence, additional, Cottrell, Mackenzie L., additional, Cover, Timothy L., additional, Cox, Heather L., additional, Craig, William A., additional, Crossley, Kent B., additional, Crumpacker, Clyde S., additional, Curran, James W., additional, Currie, Bart J., additional, D'Agata, Erika, additional, Damon, Inger K., additional, Darouiche, Rabih O., additional, DeBiasi, Roberta L., additional, Deepe, George S., additional, del Rio, Carlos, additional, Delemos, Andrew S., additional, DeLeo, Frank R., additional, DeMuri, Gregory P., additional, Densen, Peter, additional, Dermody, Terence S., additional, Dewar, Robin, additional, Diaz, James H., additional, Dieffenbach, Carl W., additional, Dienstag, Jules L., additional, Doi, Yohei, additional, Dolin, Raphael, additional, Donnelly, J. Peter, additional, Donnenberg, Michael S., additional, Donowitz, Gerald R., additional, Dormitzer, Philip R., additional, Drake, James M., additional, Dumler, J. Stephen, additional, Dummer, J. Stephen, additional, DuPont, Herbert L., additional, Durack, David T., additional, Durand, Marlene L., additional, Edelstein, Paul H., additional, Edmond, Michael B., additional, Edwards, John E., additional, Edwards, Morven S., additional, Eliopoulos, George M., additional, Ellison, Richard T., additional, Endy, Timothy P., additional, Engleberg, N. Cary, additional, Erdem, Hakan, additional, Ernst, Joel D., additional, Ernst, Peter B., additional, Fairhurst, Rick M., additional, Fairley, Jessica K., additional, Falkow, Stanley, additional, Falsey, Ann R., additional, Fauci, Anthony S., additional, Fekete, Thomas, additional, Fey, Paul D., additional, Fine, Steven M., additional, Fitzgerald, Daniel W., additional, Flores, Anthony R., additional, Forster, Derek, additional, Fowler, Vance G., additional, Freedman, David O., additional, Friedlander, Arthur M., additional, Galgiani, John N., additional, Gallin, John I., additional, Gallo, Robert C., additional, Gandhi, Tejal N., additional, Garrett, Wendy S., additional, Gaydos, Charlotte A., additional, Geisbert, Thomas W., additional, Gelfand, Jeffrey A., additional, Gelone, Steven P., additional, Gerding, Dale N., additional, Gershon, Anne A., additional, Gilsdorf, Janet R., additional, Goldstein, Ellie J.C., additional, Gordin, Fred M., additional, Graman, Paul S., additional, Grayson, M. Lindsay, additional, Greene, Jeffrey Bruce, additional, Griffin, Patricia M., additional, Griffith, David E., additional, Guerrant, Richard L., additional, Gul, H. Cem, additional, Haake, David A., additional, Haas, David W., additional, Haines, Charles, additional, Hall, Caroline Breese, additional, Hallak, Joelle, additional, Halperin, Scott A., additional, Hammerschlag, Margaret R., additional, Haque, Rashidul, additional, Harris, Jason B., additional, Hawkins, Claudia, additional, Hay, Roderick J., additional, Hedberg, Craig W., additional, Henderson, David K., additional, Henderson, Donald A., additional, High, Kevin P., additional, Hill, Adrian V.S., additional, Hill, David R., additional, Hinman, Alan R., additional, Hirsch, Martin S., additional, Hodowanec, Aimee, additional, Hohl, Tobias M., additional, Holland, Steven M., additional, Holzman, Robert S., additional, Hook, Edward W., additional, Hooper, David C., additional, Hooton, Thomas M., additional, Horowitz, Harold W., additional, Horsburgh, C. Robert, additional, Horton, James M., additional, Hospenthal, Duane R., additional, Hsueh, Kevin, additional, Hughes, James M., additional, Hynes, Noreen A., additional, Iovine, Nicole M., additional, Iredell, Jonathan R., additional, Ison, Michael G., additional, Janda, J. Michael, additional, Janoff, Edward N., additional, Johannsen, Eric C., additional, Kashuba, Angela D.M., additional, Kasper, Dennis L., additional, Kaye, Donald, additional, Kaye, Keith S., additional, Kaye, Kenneth M., additional, Kazura, James W., additional, Keystone, Jay S., additional, Khabbaz, Rima, additional, Khan, David A., additional, Khudyakov, Yury, additional, Kim, Rose, additional, King, Charles H., additional, Kirchhoff, Louis V., additional, Klein, Jerome O., additional, Klompas, Michael, additional, Knoll, Bettina M., additional, Knowlton, Kirk U., additional, Koehler, Jane E., additional, Kohlhoff, Stephan A., additional, Könönen, Eija, additional, Kontoyiannis, Dimitrios P., additional, Koralnik, Igor J., additional, Korpe, Poonum S., additional, Koshy, Anita A., additional, Kovacs, Joseph A., additional, Kozarsky, Phyllis, additional, Krieger, John, additional, Kroger, Andrew T., additional, Kuehnert, Matthew J., additional, Kumar, Nalin M., additional, Kuruvilla, Merin Elizabeth, additional, LaRocque, Regina C., additional, Leggett, James E., additional, Legido-Quigley, Helena, additional, Levett, Paul N., additional, Levine, Donald P., additional, Levison, Matthew E., additional, Levitt, Alexandra, additional, Lewis, Russell E., additional, Liles, W. Conrad, additional, Lima, Aldo A.M., additional, Limaye, Ajit P., additional, Lipkin, W. Ian, additional, Litman, Nathan, additional, Lorber, Bennett, additional, Luna, Ruth Ann, additional, MacDougall, Conan, additional, Roy, Rob, additional, Mackowiak, Philip A., additional, Madoff, Lawrence C., additional, Magill, Alan J., additional, Maguire, James H., additional, Maldarelli, Frank, additional, Markoff, Lewis, additional, Marrazzo, Jeanne M., additional, Marrie, Thomas J., additional, Marth, Thomas, additional, Martin, David H., additional, Martin, Gregory J., additional, Marty, Francisco M., additional, Maslow, Melanie Jane, additional, Masur, Henry, additional, Mawle, Alison, additional, Mayer, Kenneth H., additional, McBride, John T., additional, McCarthy, James S., additional, McCormack, William M., additional, McGowan, Catherine C., additional, McIntosh, Kenneth, additional, Mead, Paul S., additional, Mikulska, Malgorzata, additional, Miller, Robert F., additional, Miller, Samuel I., additional, Mitchell, David H., additional, Modlin, John F., additional, Mody, Rajal K., additional, Moellering, Robert C., additional, Moffa, Matthew, additional, Moir, Susan, additional, Montoya, José G., additional, Moore, Thomas A., additional, Moreillon, Philippe, additional, Morris, J. Glenn, additional, Morse, Caryn Gee, additional, Moseley, Robin, additional, Munford, Robert S., additional, Murphy, Edward L., additional, Murphy, Timothy F., additional, Murray, Barbara E., additional, Murray, Clinton K., additional, Murray, Patrick R., additional, Musher, Daniel M., additional, Nagel, Jerod L., additional, Nannini, Esteban C., additional, Narezkina, Anna, additional, Nash, Theodore E., additional, Nauseef, William M., additional, Nayak, Jennifer L., additional, Neill, Marguerite A., additional, O'Donnell, Judith A., additional, Ohl, Christopher A., additional, Okhuysen, Pablo C., additional, Onderdonk, Andrew B., additional, Opal, Steven M., additional, Orenstein, Walter A., additional, Osmon, Douglas R., additional, Osterholm, Michael T., additional, Ostroff, Stephen M., additional, Oxman, Michael N., additional, Paessler, Slobodan, additional, Page, Andrea V., additional, Pai, Manjunath P., additional, Palmore, Tara N., additional, Palraj, Raj, additional, Pappas, Peter G., additional, Pasternack, Mark S., additional, Patterson, Thomas F., additional, Pavan-Langston, Deborah, additional, Pegues, David A., additional, Penn, Robert L., additional, Perfect, John R., additional, Perlman, Stanley, additional, Petersen, Brett W., additional, Peterson, Phillip K., additional, Petri, William A., additional, Petti, Cathy A., additional, Philips, Jennifer A., additional, Philley, Julie V., additional, Phillips, Michael, additional, Pickering, Larry K., additional, Piot, Peter, additional, Pogue, Jason M., additional, Pop-Vicas, Aurora, additional, Portal-Celhay, Cynthia, additional, Powers, John H., additional, Price, Richard N., additional, Que, Yok-Ai, additional, Radolf, Justin D., additional, Ram, Sanjay, additional, Raoult, Didier, additional, Ravdin, Jonathan I., additional, Ray, Stuart C., additional, Reboli, Annette C., additional, Reitz, Marvin S., additional, Relman, David A., additional, Renault, Cybèle A., additional, Restrepo, Angela, additional, Rex, John H., additional, Rhee, Elizabeth G., additional, Roberts, Norbert J., additional, Romero, José R., additional, Rothman, Alan L., additional, Roy, Craig R., additional, Ruoff, Kathryn L., additional, Rupp, Mark E., additional, Rupprecht, Charles E., additional, Russo, Thomas A., additional, Rutala, William A., additional, Ryan, Edward T., additional, Safdar, Amar, additional, Sajadi, Mohammad M., additional, Salazar, Juan C., additional, Sarria, Juan Carlos, additional, Savoia, Maria C., additional, Sax, Paul E., additional, Scheld, W. Michael, additional, Schiffer, Joshua T., additional, Schlossberg, David, additional, Schneider, Thomas, additional, Schuchat, Anne, additional, Schwebke, Jane R., additional, Sears, Cynthia L., additional, Segal, Leopoldo N., additional, Sendi, Parham, additional, Sepkowitz, Kent A., additional, Septimus, Edward J., additional, Seregin, Alexey, additional, Shulman, Stanford T., additional, Siberry, George K., additional, Siddiqi, Omar K., additional, Sifri, Costi D., additional, Simberkoff, Michael S., additional, Simonetti, Francesco R., additional, Singh, Kamaljit, additional, Singh, Nina, additional, Singh, Upinder, additional, Sinner, Scott W., additional, Sivapalasingam, Sumathi, additional, Slater, Leonard N., additional, Smulian, A. George, additional, Sobel, Jack D., additional, Sohail, M. Rizwan, additional, Soper, David E., additional, Sorrell, Tania C., additional, Steckelberg, James M., additional, Steere, Allen C., additional, Steigbigel, Neal H., additional, Steinberg, James P., additional, Stephens, David S., additional, Sterling, Timothy R., additional, Stevens, David A., additional, Stevens, Dennis L., additional, Strahilevitz, Jacob, additional, Stratton, Charles W., additional, Suffredini, Anthony F., additional, Suh, Kathryn N., additional, Sulkowski, Mark S., additional, Swartz, Morton N., additional, Talbot, Thomas R., additional, Tan, C. Sabrina, additional, Tan, Ming, additional, Thio, Chloe Lynne, additional, Thomas, David L., additional, Thomas, Lora D., additional, Thomas, Stephen J., additional, Thorner, Anna R., additional, María Tobón, Angela, additional, Tramont, Edmund C., additional, Treanor, John J., additional, Trubiano, Jason, additional, Tsibris, Athe M.N., additional, Tunkel, Allan R., additional, Turner, Ronald B., additional, Tyler, Kenneth L., additional, Uluer, Ahmet, additional, van de Beek, Diederik, additional, van der Velden, Walter J.F.M., additional, Vannier, Edouard G., additional, Van, Trevor C., additional, Versalovic, James, additional, Viscoli, Claudio, additional, Wald, Ellen R., additional, Waldor, Matthew K., additional, Walker, David H., additional, Wallace, Richard J., additional, Walsh, Edward E., additional, Walsh, Stephen R., additional, Walzer, Peter D., additional, Wanke, Christine A., additional, Warren, Cirle A., additional, Washburn, Ronald G., additional, Waters, Valerie, additional, Weber, David J., additional, Weiden, Michael D., additional, Weinberg, Geoffrey A., additional, Weisdorf, Daniel J., additional, Weiss, Louis M., additional, Welch, David F., additional, Wellems, Thomas E., additional, Wenzel, Richard P., additional, Wharton, Melinda, additional, White, A. Clinton, additional, Whitley, Richard J., additional, Wilson, Walter R., additional, Wortmann, Glenn W., additional, Wright, William F., additional, Young, Jo-Anne H., additional, Young, Vincent B., additional, Yun, Nadezhda, additional, Zimmerli, Werner, additional, Zinner, Stephen H., additional, and Zurlo, John J., additional

Published
2015
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13. Influence of Preseason Antibodies Against Influenza Virus on Risk of Influenza Infection Among Healthcare Personnel

Author

Gorse, Geoffrey J, primary, Rattigan, Susan M, additional, Kirpich, Alexander, additional, Simberkoff, Michael S, additional, Bessesen, Mary T, additional, Gibert, Cynthia, additional, Nyquist, Ann-Christine, additional, Price, Connie Savor, additional, Gaydos, Charlotte A, additional, Radonovich, Lewis J, additional, Perl, Trish M, additional, Rodriguez-Barradas, Maria C, additional, and Cummings, Derek A T, additional

Published
2021
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18. Impact of pneumococcal vaccination on the incidence of pneumonia by HIV infection status among patients enrolled in the veterans aging cohort 5-site study

Author

Rodriguez-Barradas, Maria C., Goulet, Joseph, Brown, Sheldon, Goetz, Matthew Bidwell, Rimland, David, Simberkoff, Michael S., Crothers, Kristina, and Justice, Amy C.

Subjects
Pneumococcal vaccine -- Influence, Pneumonia, Pneumococcal -- Prevention, Pneumonia, Pneumococcal -- Research, HIV infection -- Care and treatment, HIV infection -- Complications and side effects, HIV infection -- Demographic aspects, Health, Health care industry
Published
2008

19. HIV Testing of At Risk Patients in a Large Integrated Health Care System

Author

Owens, Douglas K., Sundaram, Vandana, Lazzeroni, Laura C., Douglass, Lena R., Tempio, Patricia, Holodniy, Mark, Sanders, Gillian D., Shadle, Vera M., McWhorter, Valerie C., Agoncillo, Teodora, Haren, Noreen, Chavis, Darlene, Borowsky, Leila H., Yano, Elizabeth M., Jensen, Peter, Simberkoff, Michael S., and Bozzette, Samuel A.

Published
2007
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20. Additional file 1 of Integrated stepped alcohol treatment for patients with HIV and at-risk alcohol use: a randomized trial

Author

Edelman, E. Jennifer, Maisto, Stephen A., Hansen, Nathan B., Cutter, Christopher J., Dziura, James, Yanhong Deng, Fiellin, Lynn E., O’Connor, Patrick G., Bedimo, Roger, Gibert, Cynthia L., Marconi, Vincent C., Rimland, David, Rodriguez-Barradas, Maria C., Simberkoff, Michael S., Tate, Janet P., Justice, Amy C., Bryant, Kendall J., and Fiellin, David A.

Abstract

Additional file 1: Table S1 Drinking and HIV-related outcomes by treatment group. Table S2 Participant baseline demographic and clinical characteristics associated with treatment response.

Published
2020
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21. Prevalence of HIV infection among inpatients and outpatients in Department of Veterans Affairs health care systems: implications for screening programs for HIV

Author

Owens, Douglas K., Sundaram, Vandana, Lazzeroni, Laura C., Douglass, Lena R., Sanders, Gillian D., Taylor, Kathie, VanGroningen, Ronald, Shadle, Vera M., McWhorter, Valerie C., Agoncillo, Teodora, Haren, Noreen, Nyland, Jill, Tempio, Patricia, Khayr, Walid, Dietzen, Dennis J., Jensen, Peter, Simberkoff, Michael S., Bozzette, Samuel A., and Holodniy, Mark

Subjects
United States. Department of Veterans Affairs -- Services, HIV infection -- Research, Government, Health care industry
Abstract

Objectives. We sought to determine the prevalence of HIV in both inpatient and outpatient settings in 6 Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) health care sites. Methods. We collected demographic data and data on comorbid conditions and then conducted blinded, anonymous HIV testing. We conducted a multivariate analysis to determine predictors of HIV infection. Results. We tested 4500 outpatient blood specimens and 4205 inpatient blood specimens; 326 (3.7%) patients tested positive for HIV. Inpatient HIV prevalence ranged from 1.2% to 6.9%; outpatient HIV prevalence ranged from 0.9% to 8.9%. Having a history of hepatitis B or C infection, a sexually transmitted disease, or pneumonia also predicted HIV infection. The prevalence of previously undocumented HIV infection varied from 0.1% to 2.8% among outpatients and from 0.0% to 1.7% among inpatients. Conclusions. The prevalence of undocumented HIV infection was sufficiently high for routine voluntary screening to be cost effective in each of the 6 sites we evaluated. Many VA health care systems should consider expanded routine voluntary HIV screening.

Published
2007

23. Contributors

Author

Abrams, Charles S., primary, Accurso, Frank J., additional, Afdhal, Nezam H., additional, Akin, Cem, additional, Aksamit, Allen J., additional, Al-Awqati, Qais, additional, Allos, Ban Mishu, additional, Altshuler, David, additional, Aminoff, Michael J., additional, Anderson, Jeffrey L., additional, Anderson, Karl E., additional, Anderson, Larry J., additional, Antman, Karen H., additional, Antony, Aśok C., additional, Appel, Gerald B., additional, Appelbaum, Frederick R., additional, Arend, William P., additional, Arguin, Paul, additional, Armitage, James O., additional, Armstrong, Cheryl A., additional, Arnaout, M. Amin, additional, Arnold, Robert, additional, Atkins, David, additional, Atkinson, William L., additional, Ausiello, Dennis, additional, Bacon, Bruce R., additional, Bagby, Grover C., additional, Bain, Barbara J., additional, Bajorin, Dean F., additional, Ballow, Mark, additional, Baloh, Robert W., additional, Barasch, Jonathan, additional, Barbano, Richard L., additional, Baron, Murray G., additional, Barrett-Connor, Elizabeth, additional, Barry, Michael J., additional, Barshop, Bruce A., additional, Bartlett, John G., additional, Barton, Mary, additional, Basner, Robert C., additional, Baum, Stephen G., additional, Bausch, Daniel G., additional, Bayer, Arnold S., additional, Bazari, Hasan, additional, Beigel, John H., additional, Beller, George A., additional, Bennett, Robert M., additional, Berger, Joseph R., additional, Berk, Paul, additional, Berliner, Nancy, additional, Bernat, James L., additional, Bierman, Philip J., additional, Bistrian, Bruce R., additional, Biundo, Joseph J., additional, Blanke, Charles D., additional, Blankson, Joel N., additional, Blaser, Martin J., additional, Blattner, William A., additional, Bleck, Thomas P., additional, Boden, William E., additional, Boland, C. Richard, additional, Bolognia, Jean, additional, Bonomo, Robert, additional, Borish, Larry, additional, Bosque, Patrick J., additional, Brand, Randall, additional, Brook, Itzhak, additional, Brunetti, Enrico, additional, Buchner, David M., additional, Buffet, Pierre A., additional, Bunn, H. Franklin, additional, Calabresi, Peter A., additional, Calfee, David P., additional, Calkins, Hugh, additional, Cameron, Douglas, additional, Camilleri, Michael, additional, Cannon, Grant W., additional, Cappellini, Maria Domenica, additional, Carabello, Blase A., additional, Carvalho, Edgar M., additional, Castellanos, Agustin, additional, Chalasani, Naga P., additional, Chambers, Henry, additional, Charlson, Mary, additional, Cheshire, William P., additional, Chinnery, Patrick F., additional, Christiani, David C., additional, Clemmons, David R., additional, Cohen, Jeffrey, additional, Cohen, Myron S., additional, Cohen, Steven P., additional, Cohn, Steven L., additional, Colebunders, Robert, additional, Connors, Joseph M., additional, Cook, Deborah J., additional, Corey, C. Ralph, additional, Cowan, Kenneth H., additional, Craig, William A., additional, Croft, Simon L., additional, Crow, Mary K., additional, Crump, John A., additional, Cullen, Mark R., additional, Curhan, Gary C., additional, Damon, Inger K., additional, Daniels, Troy E., additional, Davidson, Nancy, additional, DeAngelis, Lisa M., additional, DeCamp, Malcolm M., additional, Del Rio, Carlos, additional, Demetri, George D., additional, Demling, Robert H., additional, Deuster, Patricia A., additional, Diasio, Robert B., additional, Diemert, David J., additional, Digre, Kathleen B., additional, Douglas, John M., additional, Drazen, Jeffrey M., additional, Dreskin, Stephen C., additional, Drew, W. Lawrence, additional, Drusano, George L., additional, DuBose, Thomas D., additional, Duffy, F. Daniel, additional, DuPont, Herbert L., additional, Duvic, Madeleine, additional, Edwards, Kathryn M., additional, Edwards, N. Lawrence, additional, Einhorn, Lawrence H., additional, Elin, Ronald J., additional, Eliopoulos, George M., additional, Elliott, Perry, additional, Ellner, Jerrold J., additional, Elsas, Louis J., additional, Elston, Dirk M., additional, Emanuel, Ezekiel J., additional, Erickson, Gregory F., additional, Ernst, Armin, additional, Ernst, Joel D., additional, Ettinger, David S., additional, Evoli, Amelia, additional, Faigel, Douglas O., additional, Falk, Gary W., additional, Favus, Murray J., additional, Feder, Gene, additional, Fihn, Stephan D., additional, Firestein, Gary S., additional, Fishman, Neil, additional, Fleisher, Lee A., additional, Ford, Marsha D., additional, Forsmark, Chris E., additional, Fowler, Vance G., additional, Fox, Jay W., additional, Franco, Manuel A., additional, French, Martyn A., additional, Freund, Karen, additional, Fried, Linda P., additional, Gabay, Cem, additional, Gage, Kenneth L., additional, Gagel, Robert F., additional, Galgiani, John N., additional, Gallagher, Patrick G., additional, Galun, Eithan, additional, Ganz, Leonard, additional, Garcia-Tsao, Guadalupe, additional, Gates, Jonathan D., additional, Geisler, William M., additional, George, Tony P., additional, Gerding, Dale N., additional, Gershwin, M. Eric, additional, Gertz, Morie A., additional, Ginder, Gordon D., additional, Ginsberg, Jeffrey, additional, Ginsburg, Geoffrey S., additional, Glogauer, Michael, additional, Gnann, John W., additional, Golden, Matthew R., additional, Goldman, Lee, additional, Goldstein, Ellie J., additional, Goodnough, Lawrence T., additional, Goronzy, Jörg J., additional, Gotuzzo, Eduardo, additional, Grady, Deborah, additional, Grammer, Leslie C., additional, Greco, F. Anthony, additional, Greenberg, Harry B., additional, Gregersen, Peter K., additional, Griggs, Robert C., additional, Guay-Woodford, Lisa M., additional, Guerrant, Richard L., additional, Hadigan, Colleen, additional, Hainsworth, John D., additional, Hamsten, Anders, additional, Hande, Kenneth R., additional, Handsfield, H. Hunter, additional, Hansson, Göran K., additional, Haque, Rashidul, additional, Harris, Raymond C., additional, Hauser, Stephen Crane, additional, Hayden, Frederick G., additional, Healey, Letha, additional, Heimburger, Douglas C., additional, Hewlett, Erik L., additional, Hill, David R., additional, Hill, Nicholas S., additional, Hillis, L. David, additional, Hirsh, Jack, additional, Holers, V. Michael, additional, Holland, Steven M., additional, Hollenberg, Steven, additional, Hook, Edward W., additional, Huang, Laurence, additional, Hudson, Leonard D., additional, Hyman, Steven E., additional, Iannuzzi, Michael, additional, Inman, Robert D., additional, Inouye, Sharon K., additional, Insogna, Karl L., additional, Inzucchi, Silvio E., additional, Isselbacher, Eric M., additional, Jemal, Ahmedin, additional, Jen, Joanna, additional, Jensen, Dennis M., additional, Jensen, Michael D., additional, Jensen, Robert T., additional, Jessup, Mariell, additional, Johnson, Stuart, additional, Józefowicz, Ralph F., additional, Kaler, Stephen G., additional, Kamya, Moses R., additional, Kantarjian, Hagop, additional, Karp, David R., additional, Kastner, Daniel L., additional, Katzka, David A., additional, Katzman, Debra K., additional, Kauffman, Carol A., additional, Kaushansky, Kenneth, additional, Keeffe, Emmet B., additional, Kern, Morton, additional, Keusch, Gerald T., additional, Kim, David H., additional, Kim, Matthew, additional, Kirchhoff, Louis V., additional, Klag, Michael J., additional, Klein, Samuel, additional, Knopman, David S., additional, Knox, Tamsin A., additional, Ko, Albert I., additional, Komrokji, Rami S., additional, Kontoyiannis, Dimitrios P., additional, Koppel, Barbara S., additional, Korenblat, Kevin, additional, Korf, Bruce R., additional, Korman, Neil J., additional, Kovacs, Joseph A., additional, Kraft, Monica, additional, Kramer, Christopher M., additional, Krasnewich, Donna M., additional, Krause, Peter J., additional, Kronenberg, Henry M., additional, Kuipers, Ernst J., additional, Ladenson, Paul, additional, Landry, Donald W., additional, Lane, Nancy E., additional, Lang, Anthony E., additional, Lange, Richard A., additional, Lawry, George V., additional, Lee, Thomas H., additional, Lee, William M., additional, Leggett, James, additional, Lerner, Adam, additional, Levin, Stuart, additional, Levine, Stephanie M., additional, Lichtenstein, Gary R., additional, Lim, Henry W., additional, Lima, Aldo A.M., additional, Limper, Andrew H., additional, Ling, Geoffrey S.F., additional, List, Alan F., additional, Little, William C., additional, Loeser, Richard F., additional, Lorber, Bennett, additional, Low, Donald E., additional, Lucey, Daniel R., additional, Lupski, James R., additional, Lynch, Henry T., additional, Lyness, Jeffrey M., additional, Lytle, Bruce W., additional, MacKenzie, C. Ronald, additional, MacMillan, Harriet, additional, Madoff, Robert D., additional, Mahowald, Mark W., additional, Malhotra, Atul, additional, Mandell, Lionel A., additional, Manu, Peter, additional, Marcus, Marsha D., additional, Marelli, Ariane J., additional, Markman, Maurie, additional, Marks, Andrew R., additional, Marr, Kieren A., additional, Marrie, Thomas J., additional, Martin, Paul, additional, Mason, Joel B., additional, Massie, Barry M., additional, Masur, Henry, additional, Matteson, Eric L., additional, Maurer, Toby, additional, Mayer, Emeran A., additional, McClave, Stephen A., additional, McCool, F. Dennis, additional, McCulloch, Charles E., additional, McGuigan, Michael A., additional, McHutchison, John, additional, McKenna, William, additional, McLaughlin, Vallerie, additional, McMurray, John J.V., additional, McNaughton-Collins, Mary, additional, McQuaid, Kenneth, additional, Miller, Frederick W., additional, Minaker, Kenneth L., additional, Mink, Jonathan W., additional, Mishell, Daniel R., additional, Mitch, William E., additional, Molitch, Mark E., additional, Molitoris, Bruce A., additional, Montoya, José G., additional, Morady, Fred, additional, Moscow, Jeffrey A., additional, Murr, Andrew H., additional, Myerburg, Robert J., additional, Naguwa, Stanley, additional, Naides, Stanley J., additional, Nash, Theodore E., additional, Nath, Avindra, additional, Neilson, Eric G., additional, Neinstein, Lawrence S., additional, Newman, Thomas B., additional, Nichols, William L., additional, Nieman, Lynnette K., additional, Niewoehner, Dennis E., additional, Norrby, S. Ragnar, additional, Norris, David A., additional, O’Brien, Susan, additional, O’Connor, Francis G., additional, O’Connor, Patrick G., additional, O'Dell, James R., additional, O'Donnell, Anne E., additional, Oh, Jae K., additional, Olgin, Jeffrey E., additional, Olin, Jeffrey W., additional, Orenstein, Walter A., additional, Osmon, Douglas R., additional, Otto, Catherine M., additional, Paget, Stephen A., additional, Papania, Mark, additional, Pappas, Peter G., additional, Pasricha, Pankaj Jay, additional, Paterson, David L., additional, Patrono, Carlo, additional, Pawlotsky, Jean-Michel, additional, Pearson, Richard D., additional, Perencevich, Eli N., additional, Perl, Trish M., additional, Perry, Michael C., additional, Petri, William A., additional, Pfeffer, Marc A., additional, Pickhardt, Perry J., additional, Pier, Gerald B., additional, Pisetsky, David S., additional, Posner, Marshall R., additional, Prather, Charlene, additional, Pruitt, Basil A., additional, Pyeritz, Reed E., additional, Quinn, Thomas C., additional, Radhakrishnan, Jai, additional, Raghu, Ganesh, additional, Ragni, Margaret V., additional, Raja, Srinivasa N., additional, Rajkumar, S. Vincent, additional, Raoult, Didier, additional, Rebar, Robert W., additional, Reboli, Annette C., additional, Reddy, K. Rajender, additional, Redelmeier, Donald A., additional, Reef, Susan E., additional, Resnick, Neil M., additional, Reuben, David B., additional, Reynolds, Herbert Y., additional, Rivers, Emanuel P., additional, Rizza, Robert A., additional, Roberts, Lewis R., additional, Rolain, Jean-Marc, additional, Romero, José R., additional, Roodman, G. David, additional, Rosen, Clifford, additional, Rosene-Montella, Karen, additional, Rosenthal, Philip J., additional, Rothenberg, Marc E., additional, Rugo, Hope S., additional, Russell, James A., additional, Rustgi, Anil K., additional, Salata, Robert A., additional, Salmon, Jane E., additional, Santos, Renato M., additional, Sawka, Michael N., additional, Schafer, Andrew I., additional, Schaffner, William, additional, Scheld, W. Michael, additional, Schneider, Eileen, additional, Schnitzer, Thomas J., additional, Schooley, Robert T., additional, Schriger, David L., additional, Schroeder, Steven A., additional, Schuchter, Lynn M., additional, Schulman, Sam, additional, Schwartz, Lawrence B., additional, Schwartz, Robert S., additional, Seas, Carlos, additional, Seifert, Steven A., additional, Seifter, Julian L., additional, Semenkovich, Clay F., additional, Semrad, Carol E., additional, Service, F. John, additional, Shaw, George M., additional, Shaw, Pamela J., additional, Sherwin, Robert S., additional, Shy, Michael E., additional, Sibbitt, Wilmer L., additional, Sidransky, Ellen, additional, Siliciano, Robert F., additional, Simberkoff, Michael S., additional, Simel, David L., additional, Skorecki, Karl, additional, Slutsky, Arthur S., additional, Small, Eric J., additional, Smetana, Gerald W., additional, Southwick, Frederick S., additional, Spiera, Robert F., additional, Spinola, Stanley M., additional, Stankiewicz, Pawel, additional, Stark, Paul, additional, Steinbach, Lynne S., additional, Steinberg, Martin H., additional, Steiner, Theodore S., additional, Stephens, David S., additional, Stevens, David A., additional, Stevenson, William G., additional, Stillman, Arthur E., additional, Stoller, James K., additional, Stone, John H., additional, Su, Edwin P., additional, Sutter, Roland W., additional, Swartz, Morton N., additional, Swerdloff, Ronald S., additional, Sykes, Megan, additional, Tami, Thomas A., additional, Tarlo, Susan M., additional, Taylor, Victoria M., additional, Tefferi, Ayalew, additional, Teirstein, Paul S., additional, Telford, Sam R., additional, Tempero, Margaret, additional, Thun, Michael J., additional, Tolkoff-Rubin, Nina, additional, Tosti, Antonella, additional, Treanor, John J., additional, Turner, Ronald B., additional, Upton, Arthur C., additional, Van den Berghe, Greet, additional, Varga, John, additional, Vella, Adrian, additional, Verbalis, Joseph G., additional, Victor, Ronald G., additional, Vincent, Angela, additional, Volberding, Paul A., additional, Vose, Julie M., additional, Wachter, Robert M., additional, Wagner, Edward H., additional, Walsh, Edward E., additional, Walsh, Thomas J., additional, Wang, Christina, additional, Wanke, Christine, additional, Wasserman, Stephen I., additional, Wedemeyer, Heiner, additional, Weinberg, Geoffrey A., additional, Weinstein, David A., additional, Weinstein, Robert S., additional, Weiss, Roger D., additional, Weisse, Martin, additional, Weitz, Jeffrey I., additional, Wells, Samuel A., additional, Wenzel, Richard P., additional, Werth, Victoria P., additional, West, Sterling G., additional, Weyand, Cornelia M., additional, White, A. Clinton, additional, White, Christopher J., additional, White, Perrin C., additional, Whitley, Richard J., additional, Whyte, Michael P., additional, Wiebe, Samuel, additional, Wiener-Kronish, Jeanine P., additional, Wildes, Jennifer E., additional, Wilmer, Alexander, additional, Winkenwerder, William, additional, Wolfsdorf, Joseph I., additional, Wormser, Gary P., additional, Wysolmerski, John J., additional, Yanoff, Myron, additional, Young, Neal S., additional, Young, William F., additional, Yu, Alan S.L., additional, Zeidel, Mark L., additional, Zimetbaum, Peter, additional, and Zivin, Justin A., additional

Published
2012
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24. Impact of mandatory vaccination of healthcare personnel on rates of influenza and other viral respiratory pathogens

Author

Simberkoff, Michael S., Rattigan, Susan M., Gaydos, Charlotte A., Gibert, Cynthia L., Gorse, Geoffrey J., Nyquist, Ann-Christine, Price, Connie S., Reich, Nicholas, Rodriguez-Barradas, Maria C., Bessesen, Mary, Brown, Alexandria, Cummings, Derek A.T., Radonovich, Lewis J., and Perl, Trish M.

Abstract

AbstractObjective:The implementation of mandatory influenza vaccination policies among healthcare personnel (HCP) is controversial. Thus, we examined the affect of mandatory influenza vaccination policies among HCP working in outpatient settings.Setting:Four Veterans’ Affairs (VA) health systems and three non-VA medical centers.Methods:We analyzed rates of influenza and other viral causes of respiratory infections among HCP working in outpatient sites at 4 VA health systems without mandatory influenza vaccination policies and 3 non-VA health systems with mandatory influenza vaccination policies.Results:Influenza vaccination was associated with a decreased risk of influenza (odds ratio, 0.17; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.13–0.22) but an increased risk of other respiratory viral infections (incidence rate ratio, 1.26; 95% CI, 1.02–1.57).Conclusions:Our fitted regression models suggest that if influenza vaccination rates in clinics where vaccination was not mandated had equalled those where vaccine was mandated, HCP influenza infections would have been reduced by 52.1% (95% CI, 51.3%–53.0%). These observations, their possible causes, and additional strategies to reduce influenza and other viral respiratory illnesses among HCP working in ambulatory clinics warrant further investigation.

Published
2022
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25. Influence of Preseason Antibodies Against Influenza Virus on Risk of Influenza Infection Among Healthcare Personnel.

Author

Gorse, Geoffrey J, Rattigan, Susan M, Kirpich, Alexander, Simberkoff, Michael S, Bessesen, Mary T, Gibert, Cynthia, Nyquist, Ann-Christine, Price, Connie Savor, Gaydos, Charlotte A, Radonovich, Lewis J, Perl, Trish M, Rodriguez-Barradas, Maria C, and Cummings, Derek A T

Subjects
MEDICAL personnel, INFLUENZA A virus, INFLUENZA viruses, VIRUS diseases, N95 respirators, INFLUENZA prevention, INFLUENZA epidemiology, ORTHOMYXOVIRUS infections, INFLUENZA vaccines, HEMAGGLUTINATION tests, RESEARCH, RESEARCH methodology, MEDICAL care, EVALUATION research, COMPARATIVE studies, RANDOMIZED controlled trials, RESEARCH funding, VIRAL antibodies, STATISTICAL sampling, INFLUENZA A virus, H1N1 subtype, INFLUENZA A virus, H3N2 subtype
Abstract

Background: The association of hemagglutination inhibition (HAI) antibodies with protection from influenza among healthcare personnel (HCP) with occupational exposure to influenza viruses has not been well-described.Methods: The Respiratory Protection Effectiveness Clinical Trial was a cluster-randomized, multisite study that compared medical masks to N95 respirators in preventing viral respiratory infections among HCP in outpatient healthcare settings for 5180 participant-seasons. Serum HAI antibody titers before each influenza season and influenza virus infection confirmed by polymerase chain reaction were studied over 4 study years.Results: In univariate models, the risk of influenza A(H3N2) and B virus infections was associated with HAI titers to each virus, study year, and site. HAI titers were strongly associated with vaccination. Within multivariate models, each log base 2 increase in titer was associated with 15%, 26% and 33%-35% reductions in the hazard of influenza A(H3N2), A(H1N1), and B infections, respectively. Best models included preseason antibody titers and study year, but not other variables.Conclusions: HAI titers were associated with protection from influenza among HCP with routine exposure to patients with respiratory illness and influenza season contributed to risk. HCP can be reassured about receiving influenza vaccination to stimulate immunity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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26. Risk Factors for Healthcare Personnel Infection With Endemic Coronaviruses (HKU1, OC43, NL63, 229E): Results from the Respiratory Protection Effectiveness Clinical Trial (ResPECT)

Author

Cummings, Derek A T, primary, Radonovich, Lewis J, additional, Gorse, Geoffrey J, additional, Gaydos, Charlotte A, additional, Bessesen, Mary T, additional, Brown, Alexandria C, additional, Gibert, Cynthia L, additional, Hitchings, Matthew D T, additional, Lessler, Justin, additional, Nyquist, Ann-Christine, additional, Rattigan, Susan M, additional, Rodriguez-Barradas, Maria C, additional, Price, Connie Savor, additional, Reich, Nicholas G, additional, Simberkoff, Michael S, additional, and Perl, Trish M, additional

Published
2020
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28. Clinical and socioeconomic determinants of health care use among HIV-infected patients in the Department of Veterans Affairs

Author

Menke, Terri J., Rabeneck, Linda, Hartigan, Pamela M., Simberkoff, Michael S., and Wray, Nelda P.

Subjects
United States. Department of Veterans Affairs -- Statistics, HIV patients -- Care and treatment, Health care industry -- Research
Abstract

A study of HIV-infected patients seeking treatment at the US Department of Veterans Affairs facilities found that socioeconomic factors did not affect whether a patient sought care because all patients are treated in this system regardless of their financial status. A patient's clinical status, or their need for care in the advanced stages of the disease, had an effect on the amount of care sought.

Published
2000

30. Safety of Herpes Zoster Vaccine in the Shingles Prevention Study: A Randomized Trial

Author

Simberkoff, Michael S., Arbeit, Robert D., Johnson, Gary R., Oxman, Michael N., Boardman, Kathy D., Williams, Heather M., Levin, Myron J., Schmader, Kenneth E., Gelb, Lawrence D., Keay, Susan, Neuzil, Kathleen, Greenberg, Richard N., Griffin, Marie R., Davis, Larry E., Morrison, Vicki A., and Annunziato, Paula W.

Published
2010

31. A Real-Time PCR Assay to Identify and Discriminate Among Wild-Type and Vaccine Strains of Varicella-Zoster Virus and Herpes Simplex Virus in Clinical Specimens, and Comparison With the Clinical Diagnoses

Author

Harbecke, Ruth, Oxman, Michael N., Arnold, Beth A., Ip, Charlotte, Johnson, Gary R., Levin, Myron J., Gelb, Lawrence D., Schmader, Kenneth E., Straus, Stephen E., Wang, Hui, Wright, Peter F., Pachucki, Constance T., Gershon, Anne A., Arbeit, Robert D., Davis, Larry E., Simberkoff, Michael S., Weinberg, Adriana, Williams, Heather M., Cheney, Carol, Petrukhin, Luba, Abraham, Katalin G., Shaw, Alan, Manoff, Susan, Antonello, Joseph M., Green, Tina, Wang, Yue, Tan, Charles, and Keller, Paul M.

Published
2009
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32. Risk Factors for Healthcare Personnel Infection With Endemic Coronaviruses (HKU1, OC43, NL63, 229E): Results from the Respiratory Protection Effectiveness Clinical Trial (ResPECT).

Author

Cummings, Derek A T, Radonovich, Lewis J, Gorse, Geoffrey J, Gaydos, Charlotte A, Bessesen, Mary T, Brown, Alexandria C, Gibert, Cynthia L, Hitchings, Matthew D T, Lessler, Justin, Nyquist, Ann-Christine, Rattigan, Susan M, Rodriguez-Barradas, Maria C, Price, Connie Savor, Reich, Nicholas G, Simberkoff, Michael S, and Perl, Trish M

Subjects
WORK environment, OCCUPATIONAL roles, AEROSOLS, CONFIDENCE intervals, SICK people, COVID-19, MEDICAL personnel, CROSS infection, RESPIRATORY infections, RISK assessment, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, PERSONAL protective equipment, ODDS ratio, COVID-19 pandemic, DISEASE risk factors
Abstract

Background Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) presents a large risk to healthcare personnel (HCP). Quantifying the risk of coronavirus infection associated with workplace activities is an urgent need. Methods We assessed the association of worker characteristics, occupational roles and behaviors, and participation in procedures with the risk of endemic coronavirus infection among HCP who participated in the Respiratory Protection Effectiveness Clinical Trial (ResPECT), a cluster randomized trial to assess personal protective equipment to prevent respiratory infections and illness conducted from 2011 to 2016. Results Among 4689 HCP seasons, we detected coronavirus infection in 387 (8%). HCP who participated in an aerosol-generating procedure (AGP) at least once during the viral respiratory season were 105% (95% confidence interval, 21%–240%) more likely to be diagnosed with a laboratory-confirmed coronavirus infection. Younger individuals, those who saw pediatric patients, and those with household members <5 years of age were at increased risk of coronavirus infection. Conclusions Our analysis suggests that the risk of HCP becoming infected with an endemic coronavirus increases approximately 2-fold with exposures to AGPs. Our findings may be relevant to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic; however, SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, may differ from endemic coronaviruses in important ways. Clinical Trials Registration NCT01249625. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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35. Changes in plasma HIV-1 RNA and CD4+ lymphocyte counts and the risk of progression to AIDS

Author

O'Brien, William A., Hartigan, Pamela M., Martin, David, Esinhart, James, Hill, Andrew, Benoit, Sharon, Rubin, Marc, Simberkoff, Michael S., and Hamilton, John D.

Subjects
AIDS (Disease) -- Development and progression, CD4 lymphocytes -- Measurement, RNA -- Measurement, Zidovudine -- Physiological aspects
Abstract

Changes in HIV ribonucleic acid (RNA) in the blood and CD4+ lymphocytes may be valid predictors of HIV progression to AIDS. After antiretroviral therapy, blood concentrations of HIV-1 RNA tend to fall sharply. Researchers examined the progression to AIDS among 129 HIV patients who took zidovudine immediately after an initial CD4+ count of 500 or less. A second group of 141 HIV patients did not receive zidovudine until CD4+ counts fell below 200. Thirty-four patients in the prompt treatment group progressed to AIDS, whereas 57 patients who received therapy later developed AIDS. Blood HIV RNA decreases of 75% predicted the absence of AIDS best, followed by a weaker indicator, a 10% increase in CD4+ counts. These physiological markers may indicate the effect of zidovudine and other antiviral drugs.

Published
1996

40. A controlled trial of early versus late treatment with zidovudine in symptomatic human immunodeficiency virus infection

Author

Hamilton, John D., Hartigan, Pamela M., Simberkoff, Michael S., Day, Philip L., Diamond, Gigi R., Dickinson, Gordon M., Drusano, George L., Egorin, Merrill J., George, W. Lance, Gordin, Fred M., Hawkes, Clifton A., Jensen, Peter C., Klimas, Nancy G., Labriola, Ann M., Lahart, Christopher J., O'Brien, William A., Oster, Charles N., Weinhold, Kent J., Wray, Nelda P., and Zolla-Pazner, Susan B.

Subjects
Zidovudine -- Health aspects, HIV infection -- Drug therapy
Abstract

Treating HIV-infected patients with zidovudine (AZT) early in the course of the infection may delay the onset of AIDS, but it can cause more side effects and may not improve survival. Of 338 patients with documented HIV infection and CD4+ counts between 200 and 500 per cubic millimeter, 170 began taking 1,500 milligrams of zidovudine each day (the early-treatment group) and 168 started treatment when their CD4+ count dropped below 200 or they developed AIDS (the late-treatment group). After approximately two years, 28 patients in the early-treatment group developed AIDS, compared to 48 patients in the late-treatment group. Twenty-three patients in the early-treatment group died, compared to 20 patients in the late-treatment group. Patients in the early-treatment group lived an average of 16 months after the onset of AIDS, compared to an average survival of 19 months among patients in the late-treatment group.

Published
1992

43. 1716. Results of the Respiratory Protection Effectiveness Clinical Trial (ResPECT)

Author

Radonovich, Lewis, primary, Simberkoff, Michael S, additional, Bessesen, Mary, additional, Brown, Alexandria C, additional, Cummings, Derek, additional, Gaydos, Charlotte, additional, Los, Jenna, additional, Krosche, Amanda, additional, Gibert, Cynthia, additional, Gorse, Geoffrey, additional, Nyquist, Ann-Christine, additional, Reich, Nicholas, additional, Rodriguez-Barradas, Maria, additional, Price, Connie, additional, and Perl, Trish, additional

Published
2018
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45. Changes in plasma HIV RNA levels and CD4+ lymphocyte counts predict both response to antiretroviral therapy and therapeutic failure

Author

O'Brien, William A., Hartigan, Pamela M., Daar, Eric S., Simberkoff, Michael S., and Hamilton, John D.

Subjects
HIV infection -- Development and progression, HIV (Viruses) -- Measurement, RNA -- Measurement, CD4 lymphocytes -- Measurement, Health
Abstract

Background: Markers are needed for assessing response to antiretroviral therapy over time. The [CD4.sup.+] lymphocyte count is one such surrogate, but it is relatively weak. Objective: To assess the association of changes in plasma human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) RNA level and [CD4.sup+] lymphocyte count with progression to the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Design: Analysis of data from a subset of patients in a multicenter, randomized, clinical trial. Setting: Six Veterans Affairs medical centers and one U.S. Army medical center. Patients: 270 symptomatic HIV-infected patients from the Veterans Affairs Cooperative Study on AIDS. Intervention: Patients were randomly assigned to receive zidovudine or placebo initially; a cross-over protocol was established for patients receiving placebo who had disease progression. Measurements: Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction on cryopreserved plasma samples, previously obtained [CD4.sup.+] lymphocyte counts, and clinical events. Results: For each decrease of 0.5 [log.sub.10] copies/mL in plasma HIV RNA level, averaged over the 6 months after randomization, the relative risk (RR) for progression to AIDS was 0.67 (P [is less than] 0.001). In a subset of 70 treated patients with long-term follow-up, a return to baseline plasma HIV RNA levels within 6 months of randomization was associated with progression to AIDS (RR, 4.28; P = 0.004). Plasma HIV RNA levels or [CD4.sup.+] lymphocyte counts over time were more strongly associated with progression to AIDS than were baseline levels or counts. Conclusions: An adequate virologic response after initiation of antiretroviral therapy seems to require a decrease in plasma HIV RNA level of at least 0.5 [log.sub.10] copies/mL that is sustained for at least 6 months. The independent relation between plasma HIV RNA level and [CD4.sup+] lymphocyte count over time and clinical outcome suggests that the measurement of plasma HIV RNA level, in addition to the [CD4.sup.+] lymphocyte count, has a role in guiding the management of antiretroviral therapy., Patients infected with HIV appear to be at lower risk for developing AIDS if they have sustained reductions in HIV-1 RNA levels and CD4+ counts. HIV-1 RNA levels are one way to measure HIV production. Disease progress, HIV-1 RNA levels, and CD4+ counts were analyzed in 270 HIV-infected patients. The risk for developing AIDS was significantly reduced for each three-fold reduction in HIV-1 RNA levels maintained over a 6-month period. Maintaining a low HIV-1 RNA level was a more significant factor in disease progression than the numeric value of the level.

Published
1997

46. Long-term follow-up of symptomatic HIV-infected patients originally randomized to early versus later zidovudine treatment: report of a Veterans Affairs cooperative study

Author

Simberkoff, Michael S., Hartigan, Pamela M., Hamilton, John D., Day, Philip L., Diamond, Gigi R., Dickinson, Gordon M., Drusano, George L., Egorin, Merrill J., George, W. Lance, Gordin, Fred M., Hawkes, Clifton A., Jensen, Peter C., Klimas, Nancy G., Labriola, Ann M., Lahart, Christopher J., O'Brien, William A., Oster, Charles N., Weinhold, Kent J., Wray, Nelda P., and Pazner, Susan B. Zolla

Subjects
Zidovudine -- Dosage and administration, HIV infection -- Drug therapy, Health
Abstract

Early treatment of HIV infection with zidovudine may delay the development of AIDS but have no greater impact on survival than late treatment. Of 338 HIV-infected people, 170 received zidovudine when they had symptoms of HIV infection and a CD4 count between 200 and 500, while 168 received the drug after they had an AIDS-defining symptom or a CD4 count below 200. During three years of follow-up, 67 people in the early treatment group and 85 people in the late treatment group developed AIDS. In the early treatment group there were 74 deaths and in the late treatment group there were 73 deaths. Factors that increased the risk of death following AIDS diagnosis included homosexual activities, lymphoma, CD4 counts below 100, and prolonged zidovudine therapy without other antiviral drugs. The risk of death decreased if another antiviral drug was administered.

Published
1996

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