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Here, we describe the full-length genome sequence of a novel potyvirus, tentatively named “miscanthus sinensis mosaic virus” (MsiMV), isolated from Miscanthus sinensis (silver grass) held in a post entry quarantine facility following its initial import into Western Australia, Australia. The MsiMV genome encompasses 9604 nucleotides (nt) encoding a 3071 amino acids (aa) polyprotein with conserved sequence motifs. The MsiMV genome is most closely related to sorghum mosaic virus (SrMV) with 74% nt and 78.5% aa sequence identity to the SrMV polyprotein region. Phylogenetic analysis based on the polyprotein grouped MsiMV with SrMV, sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV) and maize dwarf mosaic virus (MDMV). This is the first report of a novel monopartite ssRNA virus in Miscanthus sinensis related to members of the genus Potyvirus in the family Potyviridae.

Chinese silver grass Miscanthus sinensis Andersson is native in southeastern Asia. It has been recorded as new to the vascular flora of Bosnia and Herzegovina, at two localities near the town of Zavidovići. The paper presents a short morphological description, photographs of the new alien species for Bosnia and Herzegovina, as well as the distribution of the taxon. URL:https://www.bz.upjs/thaiszia

Two new species of Coccomorpha collected from Japanese silver grass, Miscanthus sinensis Andersson (Poaceae), in Okinawa Island, Japan, are described based on the morphology of adult females: Aspidiella kijimuna sp. nov. (Diaspididae) and Dysmicoccus bunagaya sp. nov. (Pseudococcidae). Aspidiella kijimuna is similar to A. phragmitis (Takahashi, 1931) but differs from it by having relatively well-developed and recognisable third lobes, and median lobes with rounded apices. Dysmicoccus bunagaya is similar to Trionymus okiensis Tanaka, 2018 but differs from it by having more than eight pairs of cerarii. Keys to all the Japanese species of Aspidiella and Dysmicoccus are provided.

The sensitivity of pasture intake estimates obtained from using 13C as a marker to differences in assumed diet composition and 13C diet-faecal discrimination was studied. Angus stud heifers grazed a silver grass, perennial ryegrass, bent grass and yorkshire fog pasture. The individual heifers were fed controlled and monitored daily amounts of maize and faecal samples were taken and analysed to estimate dry matter intake (DMI) and DMI/liveweight (LW). Daily methane production was also measured. Monte Carlo simulations using a uniform distribution of diet composition and an extreme value distribution for the 13C diet-faecal discrimination found that the DMI/LW ratio was twice as sensitive to assumed diet composition (and hence pasture 13C) than to the diet-faeces discrimination factor. DMI estimates would be useful for ranking animals on DMI intake alone as the rank correlations for DMI estimated using different input assumptions were high. A genetic algorithm approach was helpful as a means of determining the optimum diet selection or plant proportions to use for each animal and the diet-faecal discrimination to use when uncertainty exists as to their true values, which may often be the case. Some animals had non-credible DMI/LW values when using standard calculation methods. There are no definitive goals or constraints to use but careful choice of the range of individual DMI/LW values set as a hard constraint enabled credible DMI/LW values for all animals to be obtained when using a genetic algorithm approach.

A new species of mealybug (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Coccomorpha: Pseudococcidae), Trionymus okiensis sp. nov., is described based on adult females collected in Dougo Island, Shimane Prefecture, Japan, on Japanese silver grass, Miscanthus sinensis (Poaceae). The new species resembles Trionymus frontalis McKenzie, 1967 and Dysmicoccus boninsis (Kuwana, 1909), but differs from both those species in having 4 to 6 cerarii, relatively deep oral-collar tubular ducts of two different sizes on dorsum, a number of multilocular pores on the dorsum and more than 10 auxiliary setae on each anal lobe cerarius. A key to two species of Trionymus Berg, 1899 currently known from Japan is provided.

This study was launched to verify the effective composition of plant species and its management program most suited for the dredged soiled area near Nakdong River Site 14. The improvement methods of planting base and the composition of plants such as silver grass, reed, and some colonies in aesthetic effect were studied. To search the management methods to decrease the confining pressure risen from the burried seeds which would consequently harm the previously seeded plants, experimental construction process was measured on the site. The purpose of this experiment was to figure out which part of the improvement on the plant base has the most significant effect for the revegetation of infertile, dredged soil, to verify the easily seeded, developing plants among seeded plants, and finally, to find the restoration model using plants near the dredged soil around riverside. *본 연구는 환경부 차세대 에코이노베이션 기술 개발사업의 지원으로 수행되었음 2011 . First author Ann, Phil Gyun, : Department of Bio Resources Science, Graduate School of Dankook University, Tel +82-10-2011-0834, E-mail fury-bird@hanmail.net : : Corresponding author Kim, Nam-Choon, Department of Landscape Architecture, Dankook University, : Tel +82-41-550-3643, E-mail namchoon@dankook.ac.kr : : Received 8 February, 2012. : Revised 16 February, 2012. : Accepted 20 February, 2012. : 141

ADDITIONAL INDEX WORDS. variety trialing, invasive, ornamental grass, Miscanthus sinensis SUMMARY. Japanese silver grass (Miscanthus sinensis) and 14 cultivars were trans- planted in northern and southern Florida and evaluated for landscape perfor- mance, fl owering, growth, and seed viability. All plants survived the 84-week study at both locations with the exception of 'Morning Light', where 22% to 33% of the plants died. In northern and southern Florida, 'Arabesque', 'Adagio', 'Cosmopolitan', and 'Gracillimus' received the highest visual quality ratings on average throughout the entire study, yet other cultivars such as 'Central Park' and 'Silberfeder' performed well but had much narrower windows of peak per- formance. Cultivars such as 'Little Kitten' and 'Sarabande' performed far better in southern Florida than in northern Florida. Regardless of location, 'Morning Light' and 'Puenktchen' generally did not perform as well as other cultivars. In northern Florida, four consecutive months of very good to excellent fl owering (75% to 100% canopy coverage) were observed for 'Adagio', 'Arabesque', 'Cos- mopolitan', 'Gracillimus', 'Little Kitten', 'Sarabande', 'Silberfeder', and 'Zeb- rinus'. However, in southern Florida, peak fl owering periods for these cultivars were delayed and generally only lasted for 1 to 2 months. On average, plants in northern Florida were larger and produced 2.8 times more fl owers than plants in southern Florida. All cultivars produced viable seed with germination of viable seed ranging from 53.6% ('Cabaret') to 100% ('Gracillimus') in southern Florida, and from 49.8% ('Arabesque') to 100% ('Adagio', 'Little Kitten', 'Sarabande', and 'Variegatus') in northern Florida.

Fusarium miscanthi sp. nov. was isolated from straw of Japanese silver grass, Miscanthus sinensis, buried in a Danish soil. It is characterized by long chains of microconidia which can be e...

The compositions of diets of Merino sheep and Angora goats were determined when they grazed annual pastures (Wimmerarye Lolium rigidum; Barley grass, Hordeum leporinum; Silver grass, Vulpia bromoides; Subterranean clover, Trifolium subterraneum) in March, May, August and October, 1985 and in February and April, 1987. Oesophageally-fistulated sheep and goats were stocked at 7.5 and 10/ha on pastures with 1.7–2.9 t available DM/ha in 1985, 3.0–4.5 t/ha in 1987. On all occasions, both species selected a diet with more green herbage, N and digestible organic matter than on offer in the pasture. Except in February, sheep selected a diet with more green clover, less green grass and dry herbage, higher in N (3.3–3.9% vs. 2.8–3.4%) and lower in ADF (24–39% vs. 27–44%), than did goats; differences were significant except in February and March when 98% and 93% of available pastures were dry herbage. In vitro OM digestibilities, about 40% in February and at least 68% in March, April, August and October, did not differ between sheep and goats. In May, goats selected a diet of 66% dead herbage vs. 20% for sheep, 44% ADF vs. 29%, 1.7% N vs. 3.3% and in vitro digestibility was 12% lower (P

Some types of biomass have a high content of alkali oxides and salts and, thanks to it they feature a low ash melting temperature which may result in various combustion problems. Slag and sintered particles that are formed prevent the fuel from being supplied, restrict the access of combustion air, heat transfer in the heat exchanger and can cause corrosions. One possibility of increasing the ash melting temperature is to add additives. Some additives can change chemical composition of fuel ash, thus changing also the ash melting temperature. The paper deals with the adding of 2 % additives - kaolin, talc, lime, limestone, dolomite, bentonite to silver grass. The tested additives increased the ash content but they also changed its chemical composition, which resulted in the increase of the ash melting temperature. Best positive results were achieved with kaolin and lime which increased the ash melting temperature by approx 300 degrees C. Web of Science 5 1 265 258