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Abstract Introduction Falls in older adults are a common and serious threat to health and functional independence. It can cause psychological distress, inability to participate in activities of daily living, brain injury, fractures, and even death. The aim was to analyze the psychometric properties of the self-assessed fall risk scale (FRS) that measures the risk of falls in older adults in a central region of Chile, as well as to verify the concurrent validity against functional fitness tests. Materials and methods A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in 222 older adults (OA) [34 males and 188 females] with an age range of 65 to 85 years. The 13-item self-perceived fall risk scale (FRS) was validated. Anthropometric measures (weight, height and waist circumference) were assessed. Five functional fitness tests were measured (right and left hand grip strength, biceps curl, up-and-go, agility and 6-minute walk test). Validation was performed by construct validation [(exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA)] and concurrent validity. Results The EFA revealed 4 factors in the FRS scale [1: fear of falling (variance 27.1%), 2: use of assistive devices (variance 10.6%), 3: loss of sensation (variance 9.3%), and 4: limited mobility (variance 8.3%)]. Factor loadings ranged from ∼ 0.50 to 0.83 across the 4 components. The Kaiser-Meyer Olkin sample adequacy test (KMO) reflected adequate adequacy (KMO = 0.79, chi-square (X2) = 498.806, gl = 78, p = 0.00). The CFA showed a satisfactory final fit [chi-square (X2) = 126.748, Root mean squared error of approximation (RMSEA) = 0.042, Tucker-Lewis Index (TLI) = 0.946, Comparative fit index (CFI) = 0.935 y Normed fit index (NFI) = 0.90. The relationships between the FRS scale and functional fitness tests (right and left hand grip strength, biceps curl, up-and-go, agility and 6-minute walk test) ranged from low to moderate (r= -0.23 to 0.41). Conclusion The FRS scale showed acceptable validity and reliability in older adults in central region of Chile. It is expected that this scale will be useful for assessing fall risk in clinical and epidemiological settings in the aging Chilean population.

O presente ensaio baseia-se na investigação sobre as similitudes existentes entre a proposta educativa da Educação Libertadora, de Paulo Reglus Neves Freire, e do Teatro do Oprimido, de Augusto Pinto Boal. Por considerar que as práxis freireana e boaleana apresentam posicionamento ético-político de transformação social, pelo viés da educação e da cultura, consideramos pertinente um estudo que ressalte as aproximações ideológicas entre tais campos de atuação. Com isso, pretendemos construir reflexões acerca do “parentesco intelectual” existente entre esses dois autores, o qual é argumentado em função de suas convergências e complementaridades, com base na apresentação de conceitos que expressam proximidades entre Freire e Boal no que se refere à luta pela reumanização dos seres humanos.

This article introduces the possibility of studying graffiti using a colorimeter developed with Arduino hardware technology according to the Do It Yourself (DIY) philosophy. Through the obtained Red Green Blue (RGB) data it is intended to study and compare the information extracted from each of the graffiti present on different walls. The same color can be found in different parts of a single graffiti, but also in other graffiti that could a priori be of different authorship. Nevertheless, graffiti may be related, and it may be possible to group graffiti artists and "gangs" that work together. The methodology followed for the construction of the colorimeter and its real application in a practical case are described in four case studies. The case studies describe how graffiti were identified and recognized and they provide a comparison of the collected color samples. The results show the added value of the colorimeter in the graffiti recognition process, demonstrating its usefulness on a functional level. Finally, the contributions of this research are outlined, and an analysis is carried out of the changes to be made to the proposed method in the future, for improved graffiti color identification.

Objetivou-se analisar a tendência das taxas de mortalidade de idosos por causas externas nas macrorregiões brasileiras, de 2010 a 2019. Estudo ecológico, de série temporal, com dados secundários. Ocorreram 290.204 óbitos de idosos por causas externas no Brasil de 2010 a 2019. A região Sudeste (47,02%) apresentou o maior número de mortes de idosos e os acidentes de transporte (21,85%) prevaleceram como causa de óbito. Verificou-se tendência crescente da taxa de mortalidade de idosos por causas externas no Brasil. Necessita-se da criação de políticas públicas e/ou fiscalização de leis já existentes para frear as mortes por causas externas.

ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate the prevalence of burnout among the intensive care unit team of a university hospital after the second wave of COVID-19 and identify the key factors associated with its development. Methods This single-center study included 395 employees from a multidisciplinary team. The participants completed a questionnaire based on the Maslach Burnout Inventory. Multivariate analysis was used to identify the factors associated with burnout. Results Of 395 participants, 220 responded to the questionnaire (response rate: 56%). The prevalence of Burnout syndrome, defined as a severe score in at least one dimension, was 64.5% (142/220). Emotional distress was the most prevalent dimension, with a severe score affecting 50.5% (111/220) of the participants, followed by depersonalization at 39.1% (86/220). Only 5.9% (13/220) had severe scores in all three dimensions. Multivariate analysis revealed that being a physician was significantly associated with severe burnout symptoms in at least one dimension (odds ratio (OR), 1.32; 95% confidence interval (95%CI): 1.57-9.05; p=0.003). Additionally, having two or more jobs was associated with burnout in the three dimensions (OR=1.65; 95%CI=1.39-19.59; p=0.01). Conclusion This study highlights the alarming prevalence of burnout among intensive care unit teams, particularly among physicians, following the second wave of COVID-19. This emphasizes the need for targeted interventions and support systems to mitigate burnout and reduce its negative impact on healthcare professionals’ well-being and patient care.

Introdução: A promoção da saúde no ambiente universitário enfrenta algumas complexidades devido às demandas acadêmicas e, consequentemente, à negligência do bem-estar coletivo, no entanto, a extensão universitária surge como uma estratégia promissora, buscando estabelecer uma relação simbiótica entre Ensino, Pesquisa e Extensão. Objetivo: Promover uma reflexão sobre os efeitos da pandemia dentro do comportamento extensionista de uma Universidade pública, observando um comparativo do período anterior à pandemia e posterior ao consequente isolamento. Métodos: Estudo de caso documental com análise qualitativa descritiva. Os dados foram coletados abril de 2023 e correspondem aos períodos de 2019 e 2022. Utilizou-se como base teórica desta análise, os preceitos e âmbitos de atuação das Universidades Promotoras da Saúde. Resultados: A coleta de dados resultou em uma amostra final de 812 e 1039 projetos respectivamente aos anos analisados. A amostra final resultou em 16 e 13 projetos respectivamente. Observou-se que todos os projetos estão relacionados ao âmbito de atuação intitulado “Promover o bem-estar dos funcionários, desenvolvendo e aplicando conhecimentos na missão científica e tecnológica”. Conclusão: Ao comparar os períodos estudados, os efeitos da pandemia foram capazes de estimular o comportamento extensionista, evidenciado por aumento consubstancial dos projetos, em especial, aqueles voltados para a promoção da saúde e do bem-estar no âmbito universitário.

Abstract Background This study aimed to evaluate dentin wear and biological performance of desensitizing materials. Methods Seventy bovine root dentin blocks were sectioned. Half of the surface of each specimen was untreated (control) and the other half was immersed in EDTA and treated with the following desensitizing materials: placebo varnish (PLA), fluoride varnish (FLU), sodium fluoride (NaF) varnish + sodium trimetaphosphate (TMP), universal adhesive (SBU), S-PRG varnish (SPRG), biosilicate (BIOS), and amelotin solution (AMTN). After application, the specimens were submitted to an erosive-abrasive challenge and the wear analyzed by optical profilometer. Serial dilutions of extracts obtained from the culture medium containing discs impregnated with those desensitizers were applied on fibroblasts and odontoblasts-like cells cultures. Cytotoxicity and production of total protein (TP) by colorimetric assays were determined after 24 h. Data were statistically analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis, Dunn’s, One-way ANOVA and Tukey tests (p ≤ 0.05). Results No dentin wear was observed only for SBU. The lowest dentin wear was observed for AMTN and TMP. Cell viability was significantly reduced after treatment with undiluted extracts of PLA, FLU, TMP and SBU in fibroblasts and TMP and SBU in odontoblast-like cells. SPRG, BIOS and AMTN were cytocompatible at all dilutions tested. Considering TP results, no statistical difference was observed among the groups and high levels for TP were observed after TMP and FLU treatments. Conclusions Universal adhesive system may protect dentin with opened tubules from wear after challenge. Extracts of adhesive and fluoride varnishes presented cytotoxic mainly on fibroblasts. The enamel protein may be a future alternative to treat dentin with opened tubules because it may cause low wear under erosive-abrasive challenge with low cytotoxic effects.

Abstract Protein–protein interactions (PPIs) offer great opportunities to expand the druggable proteome and therapeutically tackle various diseases, but remain challenging targets for drug discovery. Here, we provide a comprehensive pipeline that combines experimental and computational tools to identify and validate PPI targets and perform early-stage drug discovery. We have developed a machine learning approach that prioritizes interactions by analyzing quantitative data from binary PPI assays or AlphaFold-Multimer predictions. Using the quantitative assay LuTHy together with our machine learning algorithm, we identified high-confidence interactions among SARS-CoV-2 proteins for which we predicted three-dimensional structures using AlphaFold-Multimer. We employed VirtualFlow to target the contact interface of the NSP10-NSP16 SARS-CoV-2 methyltransferase complex by ultra-large virtual drug screening. Thereby, we identified a compound that binds to NSP10 and inhibits its interaction with NSP16, while also disrupting the methyltransferase activity of the complex, and SARS-CoV-2 replication. Overall, this pipeline will help to prioritize PPI targets to accelerate the discovery of early-stage drug candidates targeting protein complexes and pathways.

A living donor (LD) kidney transplant is the best treatment for kidney failure, but LDs safety is paramount. We sought to evaluate our LDs cohort’s longitudinal changes in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). We retrospectively studied 320 LDs submitted to nephrectomy between 1998 and 2020. The primary outcome was the eGFR change until 15 years (y) post-donation. Subgroup analysis considered distinct donor characteristics and kidney function reduction rate (%KFRR) post-donation [−(eGFR6 months(M)–eGFRpre-donation)/eGFRpre-donation*100]. Donors had a mean age of 47.3 ± 10.5 years, 71% female. Overall, LDs presented an average eGFR change 6 M onward of +0.35 mL/min/1.73 m2/year. The period with the highest increase was 6 M–2 Y, with a mean eGFR change of +0.85L/min/1.73 m2/year. Recovery plateaued at 10 years. Normal weight donors presented significantly better recovery of eGFR +0.59 mL/min/1.73 m2/year, compared to obese donors −0.18L/min/1.73 m2/year (p = 0.020). Noteworthy, these results only hold for the first 5 years. The subgroup with a lower KFRR (

Introdução: O Feminicídio é caracterizado como o assassinato de mulheres decorrentes da desigualdade de gênero. No Brasil, esses crimes são praticados principalmente em locais com maiores índices de pobreza, com maior ocorrência entre as mulheres jovens, pardas, solteiras, de menor escolaridade e baixa renda, sendo executados preferencialmente através da arma de fogo. Objetivo: Analisar a tendência temporal da mortalidade de mulher por arma de fogo e indicadores socioeconômicos no Brasil, 2010 a 2019. Metodologia: Estudo ecológico de tendência temporal, baseado em dados secundários do Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade e do Programa das Nações Unidas para o Desenvolvimento. Resultados: Considerou-se como variável desfecho a taxa de mortalidade por disparo de arma de fogo em mulheres na faixa etária de 15 a 49 anos de idade. Ocorreram 2.022 desses óbitos no Brasil, de 2010 a 2019, resultando em uma taxa média de 0,36 óbitos/100.000 mulheres. Nesse período houve uma tendência de redução nessas mortalidades a partir de 2017 (APC= -11.8% IC95% -44.2; 39.5), porém sem significância estatística. A exceção da região Centro-Oeste que teve redução de significância estatística de 2010 a 2014 (APC = -41.9*% IC95% -64.7; -4,3). A região Norte obteve resultado contrário, com uma elevação de significância estatística a partir de 2013 (APC= 23,5* IC95% 0.4; 51.9), com maior ocorrência entre mulheres pardas (49,85%), solteiras (65,52%) e de menor escolaridade (28,43%). Conclusão: A redução do feminicídio no país ainda é muito aquém do desejado, especialmente nas populações mais desfavoráveis social e economicamente como é o caso da região Norte.

Plasmodium parasites cause Malaria disease, which remains a significant threat to global health, affecting 200 million people and causing 400,000 deaths yearly. Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax remain the two main malaria species affecting humans. Identifying the malaria disease in blood smears requires years of expertise, even for highly trained specialists. Literature studies have been coping with the automatic identification and classification of malaria. However, several points must be addressed and investigated so these automatic methods can be used clinically in a Computer-aided Diagnosis (CAD) scenario. In this work, we assess the transfer learning approach by using well-known pre-trained deep learning architectures. We considered a database with 6222 Region of Interest (ROI), of which 6002 are from the Broad Bioimage Benchmark Collection (BBBC), and 220 were acquired locally by us at Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ) in Porto Velho Velho, Rondônia-Brazil, which is part of the legal Amazon. We exhaustively cross-validated the dataset using 100 distinct partitions with 80% train and 20% test for each considering circular ROIs (rough segmentation). Our experimental results show that DenseNet201 has a potential to identify Plasmodium parasites in ROIs (infected or uninfected) of microscopic images, achieving 99.41% AUC with a fast processing time. We further validated our results, showing that DenseNet201 was significantly better (99% confidence interval) than the other networks considered in the experiment. Our results support claiming that transfer learning with texture features potentially differentiates subjects with malaria, spotting those with Plasmodium even in Leukocytes images, which is a challenge. In Future work, we intend scale our approach by adding more data and developing a friendly user interface for CAD use. We aim at aiding the worldwide population and our local natives living nearby the legal Amazon's rivers.

A study was conducted to understand the role of different soybean production systems and soil chemical and physical attributes on phytonematode population density in a physical model of production systems. In an area of 28 hectares, the following production systems were established 26 years ago: a) conventional system (CS) - succession of soybeans in summer and oats in winter, and continuous soil preparation with disc harrow; b) no-till system (NTS) - with rotation of summer crops (soybeans and corn) and winter crops (wheat, oats, and fodder radish); c) integrated crop-livestock system (ICLS) - conducted in no-till system and using Urochloa brizantha (cultivar Piatã) pasture, in crop-livestock rotation every two years; d) permanent pasture system (PP) - U. brizantha (cultivar Piatã) with beef cattle. Twenty six years after the systems were installed, soil samples were taken for nematological analysis and analysis of the soil's chemical and physical attributes. The results showed an almost absolute prevalence of the reniform nematode (Rotylenchulus reniformis, Rr) in the area. The PP system had the lowest population (average of 2 Rr/200cc), followed by the ICLS systems (average of 12 to 25 Rr/200cc). The highest population densities were observed in the CS system (1068 Rr/200cc) and the NTS system when soybeans were grown in the last two years before sampling (1361 Rr/200cc). The highest population densities of R. reniformis were associated with higher soil density in the arable layer, higher K and P levels in the soil, and lower organic matter contents.

ABSTRACT: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of bovine leukemia virus (BLV) on the systemic profile of naturally infected dairy heifers during the transition period. Pregnant Holstein and Jersey heifers (n=24) were distributed in pairs into two experimental groups: (BLV+) and (BLV-). Animals in the BLV+ group were divided into two subgroups based on the median BLV proviral load (high and low). The animals were then assessed at weeks -3, -2, -1, calving time (0), +1, +2, and +3. Blood samples were obtained for hematological and biochemical analyses, as well as haptoglobin measurements. Farm BLV screening revealed a herd BLV prevalence of 57.25% and heifer BLV prevalence of 38.7%. Mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration was the only hematological variable for which group interaction was observed, with BLV+ cattle having higher values (33.29 ± 3.39%) than BLV- cattle (31.08 ± 2.31%). Aspartate aminotransferase activity was higher in the BLV+ heifers. The BLV+ group had greater incidence of inflammation (haptoglobin ≥ 2.0 mg/dL). Fibrinogen concentrations were also higher at weeks 0 and +1 in BLV+ heifers than in BLV- heifers. A high proviral load affected total leukocyte and lymphocyte count; however, this profile was not observed in the low proviral load and paired BLV- heifers. To our knowledge, this is the first study to report the impact of BLV infection on the health of dairy heifers during the transition period, demonstrating the effect of proviral load on white blood cell changes and early inflammation in infected animals.

O objetivo do artigo é analisar em Negro Disfarce, de Oswaldo de Camargo, os anseios e os impasses de um jovem homem negro consciente em assumir a sua identidade racial na São Paulo da Segunda República, enfatizando o uso da narrativa autoficcional para ilustrar os participantes da Associação Cultural do Negro e suas diferentes percepções para lidar com a questão racial. A complexidade das experiências das personagens negras possibilita a liberdade para que o autor revisite e recrie o passado, valendo-se de uma elaboração da autoficção como estratégia literária para a reinvenção de si como outros, configurando-se em uma alterficção negra.

Este texto em forma de diálogo entre orientador e orientanda narra e reflete sobre as experiências que ambos tiveram em épocas distintas em sua vida profissional, ao trabalhar com professores de classe sem formação musical de forma a permitir-lhes certo conhecimento e certa possibilidade de trabalho com seus alunos em sala de aula e depois reflete o caso contrário, quando estudantes ou músicos com forte conhecimento musical ensinam sem ter formação mínima em questões, metodologias e processos reflexivos em educação. O diálogo traz autores da área da educação, como Vigostski (2009); Schafer (1991); Nóvoa (1992); Bueno (2002); Zagonel (2003) e Chaves (2014). A metodologia apoia-se na relevância das entrevistas e das autobiografias na discussão da profissão docente. Ao final considera as relações entre educação e música, trazendo reflexões sobre a formação dos professores de música e os professores de classe, nas universidades ou fora delas.

Laerte Coutinho preparava o lançamento de seu livro Muchacha (COUTINHO, 2010) quando concedeu uma entrevista à Revista Bravo! declarando-se, naquele momento, crossdresser. Desde então, seu trabalho e sua vida foram objeto de muita discussão dentro e fora da academia quanto a sua transgeneralidade. Hoje assumidamente uma pessoa transgênero, Coutinho tem aproximadamente 50 anos de carreira e uma obra vasta no formato fragmentário de tiras e histórias curtas em quadrinhos, em que vimos seu corpo representado esporadicamente. O processo de autodescoberta de seus próprios desejos permeou também seu trabalho, em que personagens encenavam-se travestis enquanto a autora experimentava roupas e adereços “de mulher”. Neste trabalho, pretendo observar alguns dos quadrinhos de Laerte em que o corpo aparece encenado, sobretudo tiras e livros publicados a partir de 2005.

O artigo propõe, como questão, o debate analítico de concepções epistemológicas que se pretendem renovadoras, no âmbito dos movimentos de Direita em curso, no século XXI e que se apresentam como inovações, tendo em vista concepções originais sobre as relações entre Passado mítico e Presente distópico, em suas próprias perspectivas, pois consideram que o desenvolvimento da História Universal teria rompido com uma Ordem Natural religiosa, ou espiritual, forjado por cultura ancestral que fora destruída ao ser substituída por outro processo civilizatório progressista que as teriam invisibilizado, produzido perdas culturais continentais, mas não as destruído, pois emergiriam das forças políticas das Direitas renovadas. Neste trabalho, será apresentado a análise sobre dois movimentes exemplares quanto à categorização: Novas Direitas, configuradas no âmbito do Tradicionalismo. Um deles, a Nova Direita Francesa e o outro, o Movimento Integralista e Linearista Brasileiro. A análise propõe diálogo teórico a partir da explanação de algumas abordagens em curso sobre a trajetória da Política, enquanto desenvolvimento progressivo das relações sociais complexas e movimentos antagônicos que, sem abandonar o campo da Política, se opõem às disputas na ágora democrática progressista e desenvolvem alternativas míticas e místicas para legitimarem seus pontos de vista, enquanto projeto futuro de humanidade sob o comando racial continental, seja a Pátria original (Ur), a Europa ou Atlântida.

Se presenta un diálogo entre la perspectiva motivacional y socio-cultural vinculada a una intervención colaborativa en una escuela pública de Montevideo (Uruguay). Participaron 22 escolares, su maestra y la directora del centro. Se obtuvo información proveniente de diferentes fuentes, la Escala de Orientación Intrínseca vs. Extrínseca en el Salón de Clases, las observaciones participantes de las actividades con los niños y niñas, las entrevistas con maestra y directora. Posteriormente se desarrollaron estrategias de abordaje específicas para fortalecer la motivación intrínseca de aquellos niños y niñas motivados extrínsecamente. La comparación grupal antes y después, constató un cambio de la orientación intrínseca a la extrínseca en todas las dimensiones motivacionales. Sin embargo, se observó un incremento significativo de la motivación intrínseca en los niños y niñas que participaron de la intervención específicamente en la dimensión Curiosidad. Estos resultados son alentadores para pensar en propuestas que integren una perspectiva motivacional.

Quilombola communities play a crucial role in maintaining biodiversity through traditional management models. The use of medicinal plants within these communities reflects a deep reservoir of knowledge, passed down through generations. The objective of this study was to conduct a scoping review to systematically analyze and synthesize the existing literature on the medicinal plants used by Quilombola communities in Brazil, with a focus on their therapeutic applications and cultural significance. The Population, Concept, and Context (PCC) strategy was utilized, where the population refers to the Quilombolas, the concept pertains to medicinal plants, and the context involves illness. A total of 888 studies were initially identified, but only 10 met the inclusion criteria, covering 297 plant species from 80 different families. These plants are employed in a wide range of therapeutic applications, with decoction, alcohol maceration, and infusion being the most common methods of preparation. The study highlights the rich ethnopharmacological knowledge held by Quilombola communities and underscores the need for greater recognition and integration of this traditional knowledge into public health practices. The conclusion emphasizes the importance of preserving and validating the use of medicinal plants by these communities, which could serve as a foundation for future pharmacological discoveries and the development of culturally appropriate health interventions.

Abstract The sedimentary basins in the Continental Rift of Southeastern Brazil (CRSB) provide an opportunity for ichnological analyses due to its well-known facies relationships and paleoenvironmental interpretations. This study reports invertebrate trace fossils from the Neogene fluvial deposits (Floriano Formation) and applies integrated ichnological and facies analyses to reconstruct the environmental conditions recorded in this lithostratigraphic unit. Fieldworks revealed a rich ichnofauna in the Floriano Formation, whose facies associations have been interpreted as indicative of meandering river environments. Four sedimentary facies were identified, including bioturbated sandstone, horizontally stratified sandstone, laminated sandstone, and mudstone. Six ichnogenera were identified, Arenicolites, Beaconites, Camborygma, Palaeophycus, Skolithos, and Taenidium. Those ichnogenera occur as Skolithos, Taenidium, and Beaconites ichnocoenoses. The Skolithos ichnocoenosis is primarily represented within sand bar deposits, indicating arthropod colonization in abandoned channels. The Taenidium ichnocoenosis, which is observed within mudstone layers and presents Camborygma burrows, suggests transitional environments between aquatic and subaerial conditions, locally with high water table levels. The Beaconites ichnocoenosis indicates changes in substrate consistency associated with progressive desiccation and extended exposure time. Therefore, the identified ichnocoenoses, combined with the analysis of physical sedimentary structures, suggest generally humid conditions during colonization by invertebrates of the meandering river deposits of the Floriano Formation.

Libidibia ferrea Mart, belonging to the Fabacee family, is a medicinal plant known for its biological properties and production of phenolic compounds. Previous studies reveal the biological activity of its phenolic constituents, making it very promising for the development of new medicines. Seasonality and geographic distribution of species can modify the production of secondary metabolites in Fabaceae species in terms of the preferentially activated metabolic pathways and, consequently, interfere with the medicinal properties of these species. Studying the influence of seasonality on the production of phenolic constituents is essential to establish conditions for “cultivation,” species collection, standardization, production, and safety in traditional medicine. This unprecedented study proposed to evaluate the influence of seasonal variations and habitat on the production of phenolic compounds and biological properties of the ethanolic extracts of the stem bark from L. ferrea, whose specimens were collected from the Caatinga and the Atlantic Forest, biomes of Brazil. Antimicrobial activity was determined by broth microdilution. Cytotoxicity was evaluated through a colorimetric assay using MTT. ABTS and DPPH radical reduction methods estimated antioxidant capacities. Folin-Ciocalteu and AlCl3 spectrophotometric methods quantified total phenolics and flavonoids, respectively. In turn, radial diffusion quantified tannin content. PCA score plot and HCA dendogram were obtained by multivariate analysis of 1H NMR data. The cytotoxicity against C6 glioma cells was observed only for Atlantic Forest extracts (EC50 = 0.13–0.5 mg mL−1). These extracts also showed selectivity against Gram-positive bacteria Bacillus subtilis (ATCC 6633) [MICs 500–2000 μg mL−1], B. cereus CCT 0096) [MIC = 250 μg mL−1], Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 6538) [MICs = 250–500 μg mL−1], S. epidermidis (ATCC 12228) [62.5–1000 μg mL−1], mainly to Staphylococcus sp. Caatinga extracts showed higher production of flavonoids and antioxidants in the summer [7.36 ± 0.19 μg QE mg−1 extract; IC50ABTS = 4.86 ± 0.05 μg mL−1], spring [5.96 ± 0.10 μg QE mg−1 extract; IC50ABTS = 5.96 ± 0.08 μg mL−1 ], winter [4.89 ± 0.25 μg QE mg−1 extract; IC50ABTS = 6.72 ± 0.08 μg mL−1 ]. Regarding habitat, two discriminating compound patterns in the studied biomes were revealed by NMR. The results indicated that the Caatinga biome offers better conditions for activating the production of phenolics [336.34 ± 18.1 μgGAE mg−1 extract], tannins [328.38 ± 30.19 μgTAE mg−1 extract] in the summer and flavonoids in winter, spring, and summer. The extracts that showed the best antioxidant activities were also those from the Caatinga. In turn, extracts from the Atlantic Forest are more promising for discovering antibacterial compounds against Staphylococcus sp and cytotoxic for C6 glioma cells. These findings corroborated the traditional use of L. ferrea bark powder for treating skin wounds and suggest the cytotoxic potential of these extracts for glioblastoma cell lines.

Objetivo: Descrever o perfil epidemiológico dos vírus respiratórios e as características clínico-epidemiológicas das crianças e adolescentes hospitalizados com comprometimento respiratório agudo no período da pandemia da covid-19. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo transversal descritivo. A população do estudo são crianças e adolescentes de 0 a 18 anos hospitalizadas na unidade de terapia intensiva e enfermaria com comprometimento respiratório agudo, que apresente pelo menos 1 sintoma como febre, mesmo que referida, tosse, dor de garganta, dispneia, saturação de O2 < 95% ou desconforto respiratório, diarreia e vômito no período de março de 2020 a dezembro de 2021. Resultados: No período do estudo foram elegíveis 95 indivíduos, com predomínio do sexo masculino (50,5%) com comorbidades (58,2). O sintoma prevalente foi a dispneia (80%). A internação em unidade de terapia intensiva representou 53,6% e a necessidade de suporte ventilatório não invasivo 40%. O uso de oseltamivir representou 54,7% da amostra e o exame de imagem 28,4% evidenciando infiltrado pulmonar, 98,8% evoluíram com desfecho de cura. O vírus prevalente foi o vírus sincicial respiratório RSV. Conclusão: A importância do conhecimento da epidemiologia atual sobre vírus respiratórios nesta população contribui para uma prática clínica assertiva e direciona o cuidado ao público-alvo em questão, além de contribuir nas medidas de bloqueio e mitigação dos riscos de desfechos desfavoráveis.

IntroductionThe use of normative values and/or standards of functional fitness in adults is relevant to overall health and well-being. The objectives of the study were: to identify the physical tests of the senior fitness test (SFT) that have been applied since its proposal and to describe the proposed percentiles according to age, sex and country.MethodsA systematic review study was conducted in the Pubmed and Scopus databases. As eligibility criteria, we considered the period from 1999 to 2022 that presented data on SFT test used in the population over 60 years of age and that described normative values through percentiles. MeSH were used as: (1) Physical fitness, Exercise test, Senior Fitness Test, Functional fitness, Cardiorespiratory fitness, (2) older adult, aged, (3) Reference standards, standards, standards of care. Boolean operators “AND” and “OR” were included. Data extracted from the selected studies included: year of publication, country, sample age, sample size, sample sex, fitness component.Results and discussionSeven studies were identified in five countries (03 in China, 01 in Poland, 01 in Portugal, 01 in Spain and 01 in United States). The age range ranged from 60 to 103 years. The studies were conducted in both sexes. The study with the smallest sample size was by Chung et al. (China) with 944 participants and the largest number of participants was the study by Rikli and Jones in the United States with 7,183 participants. In general, no study was able to complete 100% (8 components) of the tests proposed in the SFT. Normative values were presented through percentile distribution (p10, p50 and p90) organized by age ranges. Males presented better performance in FPF tests than females in all tests. Since the first publication of the SFT until 2022, seven articles have been published in countries such as United States, China (three regional studies), Poland, Portugal and Spain. No study has published the complete battery with its eight components. The percentiles of functional fitness reflect decline with advancing age.Systematic review registrationPROSPERO (CRD42023441294: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42023441294).

Resumo Objetivo analisar a tendência de mortalidade por causas externas em pessoas idosas no Brasil no intervalo temporal entre os anos 2000 e 2022 e identificar o perfil sociodemográfico de mortalidade. Método estudo ecológico de série temporal utilizando dados secundários, envolvendo a mortalidade em pessoas idosas por causas externas no Brasil, no período de 2000 a 2022. Os dados foram coletados a partir das bases de dados do Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde, das estimativas da população residente e de dados populacionais censitários disponibilizados pelo Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística. A frequência absoluta e relativa dos dados foi analisada a partir do software Excel 2010. As análises das tendências das taxas de mortalidade e regressão linear segmentada foram realizadas por meio do Joinpoint, com significância estatística avaliada por meio do teste de Monte Carl Resultados No período investigado, foram identificados 572.608 óbitos por causas externas em pessoas idosas com 60 anos ou mais. Em relação ao comportamento da mortalidade por causas externas em pessoas idosas, observou-se tendência de aumento nas taxas de mortalidade na maior parte do período estudado (2000 a 2013) com uma variação percentual anual (VPA: 1,86; IC95%: 1,5–2,2). Conclusão os resultados indicam uma tendência de crescimento da mortalidade de pessoas idosas por causas externas, refletindo a necessidade de priorização de políticas públicas que intervenham sobre esse evento.

O presente artigo toma como ponto de partida as reflexões decoloniais realizadas por Maria da Glória de Oliveira e visa tematizar como contemporaneamente os campos da teoria da história e da história da historiografia no Brasil são confrontados a responderem às linguagens do trauma, do luto e da cura que desafiam os cânones disciplinares. Em um primeiro momento, procuro situar a especificidade da discussão promovida por Maria da Glória de Oliveira em meio a reflexões (in)disciplinares que tematizam as historicidades espectrais. Em um segundo momento, defino o que estou categorizando como linguagens do trauma, do luto e da cura, que se inscrevem enquanto desafios à domesticação imposta pela historiografia disciplinar. Por fim, propondo tensionar os limites do paradigma correspondentista da representação inspirado pelas intervenções de Oliveira, argumento como as possibilidades de subjetivação e abertura para a diferença em nossos contextos de ensino/aprendizagem nas Universidades públicas são atravessadas pelas referidas linguagens, que ensejam a rearticulação de afetos e a abertura para experiências estéticas disruptivas, como a do sublime decolonial.

Milk weight records are an important source of information for daily decisions on dairy farms. Most milking parlor systems have technologies that record milk production at cow level on a daily basis. However, a great number of dairy farms simply do not have this crucial information because they lack the necessary technology in the parlor systems. The aim of this study is to implement a machine learning-based milk weighing scale exploring the dynamics of milking flow, looking for an alternative strategy for low-cost mechanical milking systems, and/or parlor milking systems without appropriated hardware/software integrated. We developed a milk flow sensor integrated to the milking parlor system to compute the milk flow during milking, and installed some cameras to label real milk weight. The regression model based on machine learning predicted the milk weight with high precision, achieving minimum values of 2.81, 1.29, and 10.26 in terms of mean squared error (MSE), root mean square error (RMSE), and mean absolute percentage error (MAPE), respectively, along with a maximum value of 0.84 in terms of the R2 index. We found that the area under milk flow curve (AUC), the number of milk flushes (MF), and the thirty-seventh to forty-fourth milk flow during milking have the most important influence in the efficacy of our proposed model. Milk flow of 250 cows milked 3 times a day were recorded during 12 days, generating 8,601 milk flow curves. Our preliminary results showed that we can confidently estimate the weight milk produced by a cow using machine learning algorithms to empower dairy farms to make better decisions.

Background: The optimal amount for initial fluid resuscitation is still controversial in sepsis and the contribution of non-resuscitation fluids in fluid balance is unclear. We aimed to investigate the main components of fluid intake and fluid balance in both survivors and non-survivor patients with septic shock within the first 72 hours. Methods: In this prospective observational study in two intensive care units, we recorded all fluids administered intravenously, orally, or enterally, and losses during specific time intervals from vasopressor initiation: T1 (up to 24 hours), T2 (24 to 48 hours) and T3 (48 to 72 hours). Logistic regression and a mathematical model assessed the association with mortality and the influence of severity of illness. Results: We included 139 patients. The main components of fluid intake varied across different time intervals, with resuscitation and non-resuscitation fluids such as antimicrobials and maintenance fluids being significant contributors in T1 and nutritional therapy in T2/T3. A positive fluid balance both in T1 and T2 was associated with mortality (p = 0.049; p = 0.003), while nutritional support in T2 was associated with lower mortality (p = 0.040). The association with mortality was not explained by severity of illness scores. Conclusions: Non-resuscitation fluids are major contributors to a positive fluid balance within the first 48 hours of resuscitation. A positive fluid balance in the first 24 and 48 hours seems to independently increase the risk of death, while higher amount of nutrition seems protective. This data might inform fluid stewardship strategies aiming to improve outcomes and minimize complications in sepsis.

It is well established that the prevalence of Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is higher in offender populations than the general population. Men in prison and probation services also have many of the risk factors that place them at higher risk of developing neuropsychiatric complications following a TBI (e.g., low socioeconomic backgrounds, previous history of substance misuse). The BIL service, developed in 2013 by Brainkind (formally The Disabilities Trust) delivers brain injury rehabilitation to men engaged with South Wales (United Kingdom) Prison and Probation Services. As part of a wider service evaluation, we reviewed the levels of anxiety (Generalised Anxiety Disorder assessment, GAD-7) and depression (Patient Health Questionnaire, PHQ-9) of 50 men in prison or on probation pre- and post-BIL intervention. Results showed a significant decrease in the scores reported on the GAD-7 between the start (Mean—M = 15.38, Standard Deviation—SD = 4.64) and end (M = 11.84, SD = 5.15) of the intervention (t (49) = 2.01, p = 0.00000733). Additionally, there was a significant decrease in self-reported depression symptoms as observed by the scores on the PHQ-9 between the start (M = 17.08, SD = 5.55) and end (M = 12.42, SD = 6.55) of the intervention (t (49) = 2.01, p = 0.0000125). These results indicate that overall there was an improvement in the men’s levels of anxiety and depression following the BIL intervention. This service evaluation provides a clear rationale for the development of a more rigorous research protocol to explore the relationship between brain injury interventions and the impact on mental health in this population.

Wind power forecasting is pivotal in promoting a stable and sustainable grid operation by estimating future power outputs from past meteorological and turbine data. The inherent unpredictability in wind patterns poses substantial challenges in synchronizing supply with demand, with inaccuracies potentially destabilizing the grid and potentially causing energy shortages or excesses. This study develops a data-driven approach to forecast wind power from 30 min to 12 h ahead using historical wind power data collected by the Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) system from one wind turbine, the Enercon/E92 2350 kW model, installed at Casa Nova, Bahia, Brazil. Those data were measured from January 2020 to April 2021. Time orientation was embedded using sine/cosine or cyclic encoding, deriving 16 normalized features that encapsulate crucial daily and seasonal trends. The research explores two distinct strategies: error prediction and error correction, both employing a sequential model where initial forecasts via k-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) are rectified by the Extra Trees Regressor. Their primary divergence is the second model’s target variable. Evaluations revealed both strategies outperforming the standalone KNN, with error correction excelling in short-term predictions and error prediction showing potential for extended forecasts. This exploration underscores the imperative importance of methodology selection in wind power forecasting.

ABSTRACT: This study evaluated the associations between estimated distance from farms' locations to auction markets, and health indicators of surplus dairy calves sold during summer 2019 and winter 2020 in Québec, Canada. A total of 3,610 animals from 1,331 different farms were used in this cross-sectional cohort study. Geographic coordinates (latitude and longitude) were obtained for each farm and the 2 participating livestock auction markets. Calves' abnormal physical signs (APS) were noted upon arrival at the auction market as they were examined by trained research staff. The haversine distance between the farm and the auction market was evaluated using geographic coordinates and categorized. Generalized linear mixed models were used for statistical analyses. The main APS observed were ocular discharge (34.9%), abnormal hide cleanliness (21.2%), swollen navel (17.2%), dehydration score 1 (at least one of the 2 following clinical signs: persistent skin tent or sunken eye, 12.9%), and dehydration score 2 (both clinical signs mentioned above, 6.5%). Calves from farms located at greater distances from the auction markets (≥110 km) had a higher risk ratio [RR = 1.08; 95% confidence internal (CI) = 1.03, 1.13] for dehydration than those from lesser distances (0–25 km). During the summertime, a RR of 1.18 (95% CI = 1.15, 1.22) was observed for dehydration compared with wintertime. A 2-way interaction between estimated distance and season showed a higher prevalence of ocular discharge for calves from farms at distances greater than or equal to 110 km during the summer (RR = 1.11; 95% CI: 1.04, 1.20) than for calves from farms located at lesser distances (0–25 km). These results demonstrate that calves from farms located at greater distances from the auction markets had more APS, mainly during the summer. A better understanding of the transport conditions and interaction with management at the farm of origin is determinant to mitigate the impact of the journey on surplus calf health.