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Cristiane França da Silva,1 Denise da Gama Jaén Batista,1 Julianna Siciliano de Araújo,1 Edézio Ferreira Cunha-Junior,2 Chad E Stephens,3 Moloy Banerjee,4 Abdelbasset A Farahat,4,5 Senol Akay,4 Mary K Fisher,3 David W Boykin,4 Maria de Nazaré Correia Soeiro1 1Laboratory of Cellular Biology, 2Laboratory of Biochemistry of Trypanosomatids, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; 3Department of Chemistry and Physics, Augusta University, Augusta, 4Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA; 5Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt Abstract: Arylimidamides (AIAs), previously termed as reversed amidines, present a broad spectrum of activity against intracellular microorganisms. In the present study, three novel AIAs were evaluated in a mouse model of Trypanosoma cruzi infection, which is the causative agent of Chagas disease. The bis-AIAs DB1957, DB1959 and DB1890 were chosen based on a previous screening of their scaffolds that revealed a very promising trypanocidal effect at nanomolar range against both the bloodstream trypomastigotes (BTs) and the intracellular forms of the parasite. This study focused on both mesylate salts DB1957 and DB1959 besides the hydrochloride salt DB1890. Our current data validate the high activity of these bis-AIA scaffolds that exhibited EC50 (drug concentration that reduces 50% of the number of the treated parasites) values ranging from 14 to 78 nM and 190 to 1,090 nM against bloodstream and intracellular forms, respectively, also presenting reasonable selectivity indexes and no mutagenicity profile predicted by in silico absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET). Acute toxicity studies using murine models revealed that these AIAs presented only mild toxic effects such as reversible abdominal contractions and ruffled fur. Efficacy assays performed with Swiss mice infected with the Y strain revealed that the administration of DB1957 for 5 consecutive days, with the first dose given at parasitemia onset, reduced the number of BTs at the peak, ranging between 21 and 31% of decrease. DB1957 was able to provide 100% of animal survival, while untreated animals showed 70% of mortality rates. DB1959 and DB1890B did not reduce circulating parasitism but yielded >80% of survival rates. Keywords: Chagas disease, arylimidamides, experimental chemotherapy, in vivo assays

Larissa do Nascimento Pereira,1 Maycon Sousa Pegorari,2– 4 Lislei Jorge Patrizzi,2,3 Isabel Aparecida Porcatti de Walsh,2,3 Caroline de Fátima Ribeiro Silva,1 Juliana de Souza da Silva,4 Areolino Pena Matos,1,4 Ana Carolina Pereira Nunes Pinto,1,5– 7 Daniela Gonçalves Ohara2 1Department of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Amapá, Macapá, AP, Brazil; 2Department of Applied Physiotherapy, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil; 3Postgraduate Program in Physical Therapy, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil; 4Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Amapá, Macapá, AP, Brazil; 5Iberoamerican Cochrane Centre - Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain; 6Cochrane Brazil, Center for Evidence-Based Health Studies and Health Technology Assessment, Sao Paulo, Brazil; 7Department of Medicine, Evidence-Based Health Post-Graduation Program, Federal University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, BrazilCorrespondence: Maycon Sousa Pegorari, Department of Applied Physiotherapy, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Boulevard Frei Paulino, n° 30, Abadia, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, 38025-180, Brazil, Email mayconpegorari@yahoo.com.br; maycon.pegorari@uftm.edu.brPurpose: Impaired respiratory muscle strength has been associated with some geriatric syndromes. However, no studies have previously evaluated the relationship between respiratory muscle strength and dynapenic abdominal obesity. This study aimed to analyze whether there is an association between respiratory muscle strength and abdominal obesity, dynapenia and dynapenic abdominal obesity (DAO) in community-dwelling older adults.Patients and Methods: Cross-sectional study conducted with community-dwelling older adults (n=382 / 70.03 ± 7.3 years) from Macapá, Amapá, Brazil. Respiratory muscle strength was assessed by measuring maximal inspiratory and expiratory pressures (MIP and MEP, respectively), using an analog manovacuometry. DAO was defined as the combination of dynapenia (grip strength < 26 kgf for men and < 16 kgf for women) and abdominal obesity (abdominal circumference > 102 cm for men and > 88 cm for women). We performed descriptive and inferential statistical analyses using the student’s t-test for independent and related samples and linear regression model.Results: Older adults with abdominal obesity, dynapenia, and DAO presented lower mean values (obtained and obtained versus predicted; except abdominal obesity versus MIP) for maximal respiratory pressures compared to individuals without these conditions. However, the adjusted analysis only indicated an association between MIP and the following conditions: dynapenia (MIP - β =− 0.171; p< 0.001), abdominal obesity (MIP - β=0.102; p=0.042), and DAO (MIP - β=− 0.101; p=0.028).Conclusion: Older adults with abdominal obesity, dynapenia, and DAO showed impaired maximal respiratory pressures. The results of the adjusted analysis indicate that inspiratory muscle strength may require greater attention by health professionals aiming at preventing respiratory complications and improving respiratory health care in older people with these conditions.Keywords: respiratory muscles, muscle strength, respiratory function tests, obesity, abdominal, aged

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Verapamil is an L-type calcium channel blocker widely used in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension, angina and arrhythmias, requiring accurate therapeutic monitoring to maintain plasma, urine and saliva concentrations within a safe range. In this context, a novel analytical approach has been proposed to determine verapamil in biological samples, using bar adsorptive microextraction coated with reversed-phase polymers followed by high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection. Two adsorbents have been chosen, i.e. STRATA-CN and ENVI-18 polymers, showing recoveries from 56.01 ± 2.16% to 96.82 ± 0.61% under optimized experimental conditions, such as sample pH: 10.0 (STRATA-CN) and 8.0 (ENVI-18), 2 h of equilibrium time, stirring speed at 990 rpm, back-extraction solvent using methanol:acetonitrile (1 : 1 v/v), and 1 h under sonication. The analytical method showed linearity from 20 to 600 ng mL -1 ( r ≥ 0.99), as well as adequate precision (with RSD% below 15%) and accuracy (with RE% within 15% of the nominal value). Finally, the analytical method was applied to plasma, urine and saliva samples and proved to be a promising alternative for the trace analysis of verapamil in biological matrices.

Purpose: To describe an experimental surgical model in rats using a dual-plane technique for evaluation of biomaterials in an in-vivo silicone implant coverage., Methods: This study was developed following the ISO 10993-6 standard. In this study, 40 male Wistar rats weighing between 250 and 350 g were used, distributed into two groups: experimental, biomaterial superimposed on the minimammary prosthesis (MP); and control, MP without implantation of the biomaterial, with eight animals at each biological point: 1, 2, 4, 12, and 26 weeks. Thus, at the end of biological points (1, 2, 4, 12, and 26 weeks; n = 8 animals per week), the tissue specimens achieved were fixed in buffered formalin and stained with hematoxylin-eosin., Results: Macroscopically, throughout the study, no postoperative complications were apparent. In the histological analysis, it was possible to observe the evolution of the inflammatory response, tissue repair, and fibrous capsule during the biological points., Conclusions: The experimental model described in this study proved to be suitable for evaluating the biomaterial used in the coverage of breast silicone implants.

A straightforward and effective chromatographic method has been created for the analysis of progesterone from human plasma using a composite based on polypyrrole/magnetic nanoparticles in the sample preparation procedure. The quantification of progesterone is necessary due to its importance in human development and fertility. The employed conditions used acetonitrile:ultrapure water (70:30, v/v) as the mobile phase at 1.0 mL min -1 and an octadecyl silane column (Phenomenex Gemini, 250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm) at a wavelength of 235 nm. The composite and its precursors were synthesized and properly characterized by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and point of zero charge. The main factors affecting the extraction recovery of progesterone from pool human plasma samples employing magnetic solid phase extraction have been studied, such as sample pH (without adjustment), sample volume (1000 μL), washing solvent (ultrapure water), eluent (acetonitrile), eluent volume (1000 μL), and amount of adsorbent (10 mg). The extraction recoveries ranged from 98% to 102%, and linearity ranged from 5 to 3000 ng mL -1 . The correlation coefficient ( r ) was ≥0.99, and acceptable relative standard deviation (precision), relative error (accuracy), and p -values (robustness) were observed. Lastly, the plasma samples from pregnant women were successfully analyzed by the validated method., Competing Interests: The authors declare no competing financial interest., (© 2024 The Authors. Published by American Chemical Society.)

Saccharomyces cerevisiae CCMA 0159 is reported as a promising biocontrol agent against ochratoxin A (OTA)-producing fungi in coffee. Coffea arabica and Coffea canephora (var. Conilon or Robusta) are the most widely consumed coffee species around the world, cultivated in tropical and subtropical regions, each exhibiting distinct physicochemical and sensory characteristics. The objective of this study was to compare the growth and OTA production by Aspergillus carbonarius, A. ochraceus, and A. westerdijkiae in C. arabica and C. canephora, along with assessing the efficiency of S. cerevisiae CCMA 0159 in biocontrolling ochratoxigenic fungi in both coffee varieties. A. carbonarius exhibited a higher growth rate and OTA production in both coffee varieties, with C. canephora showing particular susceptibility. Conversely, A. ochraceus and A. westerdijkiae demonstrated lower growth and OTA production. S. cerevisiae was effective in biocontrolling the fungal isolates, inhibiting over 80 % of A. carbonarius growth in both coffee varieties. Among the mechanisms of action of the biological control agent, the production of volatile organic compounds stands out. The results of this study confirm the significant potential of S. cerevisiae CCMA 0159 as a biocontrol agent against Aspergillus for application in coffee-producing areas., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

The use of yeast to biologically control the production of ochratoxin A, which is caused by filamentous fungal growth, in coffee farms is a promising alternative to conventional methods. However, yeast strains, environmental field conditions, and the chemical composition of grains / fruits can influence the effectiveness of biological control agents. We tested the efficiency of different yeast strains in controlling three species of ochratoxigenic fungi in a coffee-based medium. The reasons and mechanisms behind the varying sensitivities of different Aspergillus species to biological control remains unclear. Aspergillus carbonarius rapidly assimilated carbon sources, giving it an advantage over yeasts in substrate colonisation. Saccharomyces cerevisiae CCMA 0159 inhibited all three fungal species, achieving efficiencies of 74.4%, 100%, and 80.9% against A. carbonarius, A. westerdijkiae, and A. ochraceus, respectively. The strategies employed by S. cerevisiae CCMA 0159 to inhibit the growth of ochratoxigenic fungi included competition, production of fungicidal volatile compounds, and alteration of the substrate's physicochemical properties. Our results indicate that among the yeast isolates tested, S. cerevisiae CCMA 0159 is the most effective in inhibiting ochratoxigenic fungi in coffee, including the more resistant A. carbonarius., (© 2024. The Author(s) under exclusive licence to Sociedade Brasileira de Microbiologia.)

The composition of pumpkin seeds includes bioactive compounds, proteins, polyunsaturated fatty acids, and dietary fibers. Thus, the objective of this research was to develop and evaluate the nutritional and quality standard of beef burgers supplemented with pumpkin seeds ( Cucurbita moschata ) added in different proportions. To process the pumpkin seed flour (PSF), the seeds were sanitized, dried in an oven, crushed, and sieved. Through such means, three formulations of beef burgers were prepared, named S (without the addition of PSF), F5 (with the addition of 5% ( w / w ) of PSF), and F10 (with the addition of 10% ( w / w ) of PSF). The respective results for burgers P, F5, and F10 were as follows ( w / w ): proteins 17.61%, 18.04%, 19.86%; lipids 12.19%, 12.42%, 14.55%; ash 1.77%, 1.86%, 1.94%; fibers 0%, 0.88%, 1.76%; phenolic compounds 39.55, 82.93, 90.30 (mg/g); and total antioxidant capacity 11.09%, 18.48%, 24.45%. Regarding the sensory analysis attributes, tasters gave sample F10 scores lower than 7. However, the standard and F5 samples showed results higher than 7 for all parameters. For the determination of shelf life, an expiration date of 30 days was established. It was observed that adding PSF to industrialized products adds nutritional value with the inclusion of polyunsaturated fats, phenolic compounds, and dietary fibers.

An ultrafast, efficient, and eco-friendly method combining magnetic solid phase extraction and capillary electrophoresis with diode array detection have been developed to determine ractopamine residues in food samples. A restricted access material based on magnetic and mesoporous molecularly imprinted polymer has been properly synthesized and characterized, demonstrating excellent selectivity and high adsorbent capacity. Short-end injection capillary electrophoresis method was optimized: 75 mM triethylamine pH 7 as BGE, -20 kV, 50 mbar by hydrodynamic injection during 8 s, and capillary temperature at 25 °C; reaching ultrafast ractopamine analysis (∼0.6 min) with good peak asymmetry, and free from interfering and/or baseline noise. After sample preparation optimization, the conditions were: 1000 µL of sample at pH 6, 20 mg of adsorbent, stirring time of 120 s, 250 µL of ultrapure water as washing solvent, 1000 µL of methanol: acetic acid (7: 3, v/v) as eluent, and the adsorbent can be reused four times. In these conditions, the analytical method showed recoveries around to 100 %, linearity ranged from 9.74 to 974.0 µg kg -1 , correlation coefficient (r) ≥ 0,99 in addition to adequate precision, accuracy, and robustness. After proper validation, the method was successfully applied in the analysis ractopamine residues in bovine milk and bovine and porcine muscle., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Bovine pericardium (BP) has been used as a biomaterial for several decades in many medical applications particularly due to its mechanical properties and the high collagen content. In the acellular form it favors faster tissue repair, providing a three-dimensional support for cellular and vascular events observed during tissue repair and due, to a low elastin content, may favor its use as a breast implant cover, resulting in a low possibility of contracture of the biomaterial, preventing the appearance of irregularities during the reconstruction process. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate, histomorphologically, the behavior of acellularized bovine pericardium (ABP) as a mammary implant cover in rats. For this purpose, 16 animals were divided into two groups, with eight animals at each biological point: 7 and 15 days after surgery. Of the 16 animals, 32 specimens were obtained: 16 in the experimental group (EG) and 16 in the control group (CG). Throughout this study, none of the studied groups had postoperative complications. Results: The histomorphological results showed, in the two biological points, both in the EG and in the CG, chronic inflammatory infiltrate, leukocyte fibrin exudate, formation of granulation tissue and deposition of collagen fibers, more evident in the EG, regressive along the biological points. At 15 days, the implanted ABP showed initial biointegration with the fibrous capsule and surrounding tissues of the recipient bed. Conclusion: These results indicate that the due to the observed favorable tissue response ABP may be of potential use as a breast implant cover.

Chemotherapy-induced alopecia (CIA) is a challenge in the management of cancer patients. Scalp cooling (SC) leads to reduction in CIA, however it is associated with significant adverse events, leading to 3-13% discontinuation rates. This pilot study evaluated the role of Electric Hand Warmers (EHW) on thermal (TC), sensorial (SCo) and general comfort (GC) in patients with breast cancer (BC) undergoing chemotherapy and SC to reduce CIA. Patients were randomly assigned to EHW use or observation. TC, SCo and GC were evaluated after each chemotherapy infusion. Favorable outcomes in both TC and SCo defined a positive result on GC. We analysed the impact of age, alopecia, chemotherapy regimen and EHW use in the different comfort scales using a Logistic Regression (LR) model. Forty women with early breast cancer were randomly assigned to EHW (n = 20) or observation (n = 20) during neo(adjuvant) chemotherapy. Median age was 53 years. In the EHW arm, favorable thermal response was reported by 79% versus 50% in the control arm (odds ratio [OR] 3.79, p < 0.001). SCo was satisfactory in 82% in the EHW arm versus 74% in the control arm (OR 1.62, p = 0.1). Overall, 73% in the EHW arm had favorable GC versus 44% in the control arm (OR 3.4, p < 0.001). Age, alopecia, and chemotherapy regimen did not impact on comfort measures. Conclusion: Our study suggests that the use of an EHW has a consistent favorable impact on TC and GC of BC patients under SC technology to prevent CIA., (© 2023. The Author(s).)

HBV is a hepatotropic virus with multiple genotypes. It is uncertain if specific genotype(s) influence virological measures and/or liver markers over time. It is unclear whether nucleos(t)ide analogue therapy response is influenced by genotype. In this retrospective longitudinal study, we utilized data from The Ottawa Hospital Viral Hepatitis Program (TOHVHP) to evaluate the role of HBV genotype on viral load, liver enzymatic levels, fibrosis progression, and parenchymal inflammation and steatosis over time. HBV DNA, ALT, and AST levels, as well as transient elastography scores for fibrosis (E) and inflammation/steatosis (CAP), were modeled using mixed-effects linear regression. Interaction terms between HBV genotype and time were included to investigate if there was a difference in trends between genotypes. A total of 393 HBV patients infected with genotypes A-E were included. The mean age was 44.4 years, and 56% were male. Asian (50.5%), Black (29.1%), and White (6.4%) patients were well-represented. By multivariate analysis, we found no evidence that the trajectories of these commonly measured viral or liver measures varied over time by HBV genotype in those receiving HBV nucleos(t)ides and in those not on antiviral therapy.

Background: Adolescents and young adults are a critical target regarding reducing healthrisk behaviors' adoption, particularly in a stressful context such as the COVID-19 pandemic. Surveying their perceptions and behavioral changes may lead to a revised health promotion approach., Objectives: This study aims to describe adolescents' and young adults' early reactions to a stressful event, the COVID-19 pandemic, characterizing their social determinants and preferences, such as sources of information, experienced symptoms, habits, and main concerns regarding themselves, their relatives, and the community. We intended to explore the association of their concerns and significant determinants such as age, gender, education, source of information, feelings of fear, prospecting the implications of communication, and individual and social determinants in managing stressful events., Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional, population-based, self-report survey of 3,898 individuals aged between 16 and 24  years from Portugal., Results: The main concerns about COVID-19 were the possibility of transmitting to someone and permanent social changes. Our findings present significant differences according to gender, education, age, and expressing fear., Conclusion: The pandemic deteriorated baseline community inequalities. Young people appreciate official information and are available to contribute to society's safety. However, valuing official information is associated with deeper expressed concerns. Therefore, official information should include strategies to reach young people, promote healthier choices, and avoid distress and disinformation., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2023 Silva, Beirão, Sá and Santos.)

Chronotype and Time of Day (ToD) can modulate several aspects of cognitive performance. However, there is limited evidence about the effect of these variables on face recognition performance, so the aim of the present study is to investigate this influence. For this, 274 participants (82.5% females; age 18-49 years old, mean = 27.2, SD = 1.82) were shown 20 short videoclips, each gradually morphing from a general identity unfamiliar face to a famous face. Participants should press the spacebar to stop each video as soon as they could identify the famous face, and then provide the name or an unequivocal description of the person. Analysis of response times (RT) showed that evening-types recognised the faces faster than morning-types. Considering different ToD windows, the effect of chronotype was only significant in the 13h-17h and in the 21h-6h time-windows. Altogether, results suggest an advantage of evening-types on famous face recognition using dynamic stimuli with morning-types, being particularly slower during their non-optimal period., Competing Interests: Conflict of interests: The authors have declared that there is no conflict of interest.

Crop phenology data offer crucial information for crop yield estimation, agricultural management, and assessment of agroecosystems. Such information becomes more important in the context of increasing year-to-year climatic variability. The dataset provides in-situ crop phenology data (first leaves emergence and harvest date) of major European crops (wheat, corn, sunflower, rapeseed) from seventeen field study sites in Bulgaria and two in France. Additional information such as the sowing date, area of each site, coordinates, method and equipment used for phenophase data estimation, and photos of the France sites are also provided. The georeferenced ground-truth dataset provides a solid base for a better understanding of crop growth and can be used to validate the retrieval of phenological stages from remote sensing data., (© 2023 The Author(s).)

This article aims to understand the implications of the COVID-19 pandemic on breastfeeding and health promotion actions within primary care from the perception of breastfeeding women. This qualitative study was developed with 24 women who breastfed during the first year of the pandemic. Data were analyzed using Content Analysis and interpreted in the light of the Interactive Breastfeeding Theory (IBT). The pandemic affected the vulnerability of the mental health of breastfeeding women, entailed difficulties for the continuity of breastfeeding and early insertion of formulas, impacted COVID-19 preventive measures in breastfeeding, and produced changes in the work of breastfeeding women. Furthermore, areas for improvement were identified in health promotion actions and the mother-child binomial support due to the interruption of childcare visits. Actions to promote child health in primary care were unsatisfactory. However, most study participants maintained exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months, which could adversely affect child morbimortality.

To review the effects of photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) on pain intensity and disability in people with plantar fasciitis (PF) when compared with control conditions, other interventions, and adjunct therapies. Systematic searches were conducted in five database randomized controlled trials (RCT). We only included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in adults with PF that compared PBMT to placebo, as well as RCTs that compared PBMT to other interventions; and as an adjunct to other therapies. The methodological quality and certainty were assessed through PEDro Scale and GRADE approach, respectively. The data of comparison were pooled and a meta-analysis was conducted when possible. Nineteen RCTs involving 1089 participants were included in this review. PBMT alone (MD =  - 22.02 [- 35.21 to - 8.83]) or with exercise (MD =  - 21.84 [- 26.14 to - 17.54]) improved pain intensity in short-term treatment. PBMT was superior to (extracorporeal shock wave therapy) EWST for relief of pain (MD =  - 20.94 [- 32.74 to - 9.13]). In the follow-up, PBMT plus exercise had a superior to exercise therapy alone (MD =  - 18.42 [- 26.48 to - 10.36]). PBMT may be superior to (ultrasound therapeutic) UST in medium- and long-term follow-ups for disability, but can be not clinically relevant. There is uncertainty that PBMT is capable of promoting improvement in disability. PBMT when used with adjuvant therapy does not enhance outcomes of interest. PBMT improves pain intensity with or without exercise. PBMT has been shown to be superior to ESWT for pain relief, but not superior to other interventions for pain intensity and disability. The evidence does not support PBMT as an adjunct to other electrotherapeutic modalities., (© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag London Ltd., part of Springer Nature.)

Welcome Family is a universal, short-term nurse home visiting program designed to promote optimal maternal and infant physical and mental well-being and provide an entry point into the early childhood system of care to all families with newborns up to 8 weeks old living in defined communities in Massachusetts. The present study examines whether: 1) Welcome Family meets its goal of successfully connecting families to two early childhood programs-evidence-based home visiting (EBHV) and early intervention (EI)-relative to families with similar background experiences who do not participate in Welcome Family, and 2) whether these impacts are conditional on families' race and ethnicity and their primary language-two characteristics that are related to structural racism and health inequities. The study used coarsened exact matching (CEM) based on birth certificate data to match Welcome Family participants who enrolled during 2013-2017 to mothers and their infants living in the home visiting catchment areas who did not receive home visiting during the study period. Primary study outcomes included enrollment in any EBHV program supported by the Massachusetts Maternal, Infant, and Early Childhood Home Visiting (MA MIECHV) program up to age 1 year, measured using MA MIECHV home visiting program data, and EI service receipt for children aged up to age 3 years, measured using EI program data. Impacts were assessed by fitting weighted regression models adjusted for preterm birth, maternal depression, and substance use. Mothers' race, ethnicity, and language were included in the model as moderators of Welcome Family impacts on enrollment in EBHV and EI. Welcome Family participants ( n = 3,866) had more than double the odds of EBHV enrollments up to age 1 and had 1.39 greater odds of receiving EI individualized family service plans (IFSPs) up to age 3 relative to the comparison group ( n = 46,561). Mothers' primary language moderated Welcome Family impacts on EBHV enrollments. Universal, short-term programs such as Welcome Family may be an effective method of ensuring families who could benefit from more intensive early childhood services are identified, engaged, and enrolled., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

Introduction: The physiological changes in mother-infant pairs during pregnancy increase the susceptibility to a series of infections, including those of the oral cavity. Therefore, the oral and systemic health of pregnant women is related to adverse pregnancy outcomes., Objective: This cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate the systemic profile and periodontal status of women with a high-risk pregnancy., Methods: Eighty-nine pregnant women at risk of preterm labor admitted to a hospital in southern Brazil were interviewed and received a periodontal examination. Data related to obstetric complications during pregnancy (pre-eclampsia, infections, medication use, and gestational diabetes) and systemic diseases were collected from medical records. The periodontal parameters of probing pocket depth, bleeding on probing, and clinical attachment level were evaluated. The data were tabulated, and statistical analysis was performed (p < 0.05)., Results: The mean age of participants was 24 years (SD = 5.62). Gingival bleeding was recorded in 91% of the participants. The prevalence of gingivitis was 31.46%, and periodontitis was 29.21%. No association between systemic conditions and periodontal disease was observed., Conclusions and Implications for Practice: Periodontal inflammation was not associated with the systemic profile during pregnancy. However, women with high-risk pregnancies showed higher levels of gingival inflammation, emphasizing the importance of dental care during pregnancy., (© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.)

Through density functional theory calculations was studied theoretically the formation process of a magnetic and mesoporous molecularly imprinted polymer for ractopamine (RAC), evaluating the molecular electrostatic potential map, functional monomers, functional monomer / template stoichiometry and crosslink agents. The results revealed that the best conditions for the synthesis were established with acrylic acid as functional monomer in a 1: 4 stoichiometry using acetonitrile as the solvent and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate as crosslink agent. It was observed that nine hydrogen bonds established between the RAC and acrylic acid play a key role on the pre-polymerization complex. In addition, three analytical methods using HPLC, UHPLC and CE instruments were optimized for rapid analysis. The adsorbent was experimentally synthesized considering the best conditions found at the molecular level and characterized by FTIR, DRX, TGA, SEM, TEM, surface analysis, and wettability. After that, the synthesized material was used in magnetic solid phase extraction combined with capillary electrophoresis in a preliminary RAC recovery study from milk samples. Finally, greenness metric with a score of 0.55 have been obtained for the sample preparation procedure using the online AGREEprep metric., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier B.V.)

Fungi, yeasts and bacteria produce volatile compounds during their metabolism. In this study, the volatile compounds produced by yeast strains (Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Rhodotorula mucilaginosa) and fungal strains (Aspergillus carbonarius and Aspergillus ochraceus) during competitive interactions were investigated by solid-phase microextraction coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Fifty-six volatile compounds were identified representing alcohols, aldehydes, esters, ketones, aromatic compounds, acids, furans, phenols, and nitrogen compounds, being the largest amount in the class of esters and alcohols. Eight compounds were identified only in interactive culture conditions such as 2-amino-1-propanol, isopropylamine, dimethylamine, pentyl propanoate, ethyl-2-aminopropanoate, acetone, oxalic acid, and β-elemene and five of these were produced in cocultures including A. carbonarius. These will be developed for future biotechnological applications such as in the pharmaceutical and biological industry to produce drugs. Antimicrobial and antifungal activities; Solvent and herbicide; flavoring ingredient; solvent, plastic synthesis, nail polish remover and thinner, pesticide and herbicide; important in the complexation of minerals in the soil; and plant-environment interactions, defending predators, pathogens, and competitors., (© 2023 Wiley-VCH GmbH.)

A HPLC-UV method for the determination of nimodipine and nicardipine in breast milk using restricted access polypyrrole as an adsorbent in pipette-tip solid-phase extraction (PT-SPE) has been developed. The chromatographic conditions were a C 18 column (150 mm × 4.60 mm, 5 μm) using methanol : acetonitrile : ultrapure water (55 : 30 : 15, v/v/v) at a flow rate of 1.0 mL min -1 and detection at 236 nm. The adsorbents have been synthesized and characterized by using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, surface analysis, wettability and point zero charge, and were then applied in sample preparation. The main parameters that affect analyte recovery from breast milk by PT-SPE were optimized and the analytical method showed recoveries around 100%, linearity from 3 to 3000 ng mL -1 , and correlation coefficients ( r ) ≥ 0.99 for the two analytes, in addition to adequate precision, accuracy and robustness. Finally, the validated method has been successfully applied in analyses of breast milk from volunteers.

In its early stage, the COVID-19 pandemic and the subsequent public health measures brought several challenges to people in general, with adolescents being one of the most affected groups. To assess the psychological reactions of Portuguese adolescents in that early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic, we conducted an online survey that was filled by a sample of 340 (67.6% female and 32.4% male) middle adolescents (aged 16 and 17 years). Using the Impact Event Scale-Revised and the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale, we found that most participants reported a normal score for depression, anxiety, and stress. However, 47.1% reported some level of pandemic-related traumatic distress, and 25.6% reported high severity values. The girls' levels of depression, anxiety, stress, and traumatic distress were significantly higher than those of the boys. Regression models showed that gender, number of symptoms experienced in the past days, self-reported health status, and concern with family were significant predictors of these mental health indicators. Our findings underscore the need for future research on the long-term traumatic psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in adolescents, and on the gender differences in this group. This will allow the development of strategies to identify and address at-risk adolescents, since the promotion of mental health and the prevention of pathology are imperative for the health of current and future generations.

Visceral Leishmaniasis is a serious public health problem and dogs are considered to be the main source of infection in urban areas. In Brazil, this disease is present in all regions, but with high concentration of cases in the Northeast, and the state of Maranhão is considered to be an endemic region. The aim of this study was to conduct an epidemiological, spatial, molecular and serological survey on Leishmania infantum among domestic dogs in the municipality of Belágua, Maranhão. Blood samples were collected from dogs and questionnaires were applied to their owners to obtain epidemiological data and risk factors relating to this zoonosis in the region. The coordinates of the dogs' homes were obtained to produce a disease risk map. Serological diagnoses were made using the indirect immunofluorescence reaction (IFAT) and the dual-path platform chromatographic immunoassay test (DPP®) (Bio-Manguinhos/FIOCRUZ, Brazil). A molecular investigation was undertaken using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Georeferencing was performed using the global positioning system (GPS) and cases of canine visceral leishmaniasis in the municipality were spatially represented and analyzed using QGIS version 3.16.6 (QGIS Development Team, 2021). A total of 205 blood samples were collected, of which 122 (59.51%) were seroreactive for L. infantum through IFAT, while the DPP test showed 84 reactive samples (40.97%). IFAT and DPP detected 16 positive animals simultaneously. One sample that was seroreactive through IFAT was also positive through PCR. In the clinical evaluation, it was observed that among the seropositive dogs, 112 (91.80%) were symptomatic and 10 (8.20%) were asymptomatic. In the spatial analysis, the Kernel density estimator enabled determination of the place at greatest risk of occurrence of the disease. The areas with the highest concentrations of cases were in districts with large quantities of precarious housing and lack of basic sanitation. This was the first report on the occurrence of L. infantum among dogs in the municipality of Belágua. The results show that canine visceral leishmaniasis is well dispersed in this municipality, thus putting at risk the human population., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest None., (Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier B.V.)

Microorganisms isolated from contaminated areas play an important role in bioremediation processes. They promote heavy metal removal from the environment by adsorbing ions onto the cell wall surface, accumulating them inside the cells, or reducing, complexing, or precipitating these substances in the environment. Microorganism-based bioremediation processes can be highly efficient, low-cost and have low environmental impact. Thus, the present study aimed to select Pb 2+ -resistant bacteria and evaluate the growth rate, biological activity, and the presence of genes associated with metal resistance. Serratia marcescens CCMA 1010, that was previously isolated from coffee processing wastewater, was selected since was able to growth in Pb 2+ concentrations of up to 4.0 mM. The growth rate and generation time did not differ from those of the control (without Pb 2+ ), although biological activity decreased in the first hour of exposure to these ions and stabilized after this period. The presence of the zntR, zntA and pbrA genes was analysed, and only zntR was detected. The zntR gene encodes a protein responsible for regulating the production of ZntA, a transmembrane protein that facilitates Pb 2+ extrusion out of the cell. S. marcescens CCMA 1010 demonstrated a potential for use as bioindicator that has potential to be used in bioremediation processes due to its resistance to high concentrations of Pb 2+ , ability to grow until 24 h of exposure, and possession of a gene that indicates the existence of mechanisms associated with resistance to lead (Pb 2+ )., (© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V.)

Emotion regulation strategies affect the experience and processing of emotions and emotional stimuli. Chronotype has also been shown to influence the processing of emotional stimuli, with late chronotypes showing a bias towards better processing of negative stimuli. Additionally, greater eveningness has been associated with increased difficulties in emotion regulation and preferential use of expressive suppression strategies. Therefore, the present study aimed to understand the interplay between chronotype and emotion regulation on the recognition of dynamic facial expressions of emotion. To that end, 287 participants answered self-report measures and performed an online facial emotion recognition task from short video clips where a neutral face gradually morphed into a full-emotion expression (one of the six basic emotions). Participants should press the spacebar to stop each video as soon as they could recognize the emotional expression, and then identify it from six provided labels/emotions. Greater eveningness was associated with shorter response times (RT) in the identification of sadness, disgust and happiness. Higher scores of expressive suppression were associated with longer RT in identifying sadness, disgust, anger and surprise. Expressive suppression significantly moderated the relationship between chronotype and the recognition of sadness and anger, with chronotype being a significant predictor of emotion recognition times only at higher levels of expressive suppression. No significant effects were observed for cognitive reappraisal. These results are consistent with a negative bias in emotion processing in late chronotypes and increased difficulty in anger and sadness recognition for expressive suppressor morning-types.

Synthetic polymer coatings impact the biodegradable behavior of cellulosic packaging material. The environmental consequences of food packaging disposal have increased consumer concern. The present study aimed to use natural polymer coatings incorporating palmitic acid and activated carbon applied to paperboard surfaces as a sustainable alternative to improve cellulosic packaging material's moisture and fat barrier properties, minimizing the environmental impact. The coating formulation was defined using a Factorial Experimental Design with independent variables: chitosan, palmitic acid, activated carbon concentrations, and the number of coating layers. The highest concentration of chitosan (2.0% w / w ) filled the pores of the cellulosic paperboard network, supporting the compounds incorporated into the filmogenic matrix and improving the fat resistance. The water vapor permeability of the coated paperboard material (range: 101 ± 43 to 221 ± 13 g·d -1 ·m -2 ) was influenced by the hydrophobicity effect of palmitic acid, the non-polar characteristic of activated carbon, and the number of applied layers. The coating formulation selected was a chitosan concentration of 2.0% ( w / w ), a palmitic acid concentration of 1.8% ( w / w ), an activated carbon concentration of 1.2% ( w / w ), and an application of three layers. The coating provides the potential for a paperboard surface application, improving the cellulosic packaging material's fat and moisture barrier properties and maintaining biodegradability and recyclability.

Background: Sarcopenia is a common complication of cirrhosis and an important predictor of morbimortality. We aimed to determine the prevalence of sarcopenia and its associated factors in hepatosplenic schistosomiasis (HSS) as well as to evaluate whether muscle mass and function are associated with variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding (VUGIB) and previous splenectomy in subjects without other liver diseases., Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study including adults with HSS who underwent clinical, biochemical, anthropometric, muscle strength and physical performance evaluations and were submitted to bioelectrical impedance analysis and abdominal ultrasound. Sarcopenia was diagnosed according to the 2019 European consensus criteria., Results: A total of 66 patients with HSS (62.1% male; mean age 48.8±8.6 y) were included. Overall, six subjects (9.1%) were diagnosed with probable sarcopenia and none had confirmed sarcopenia. Fat-free body mass index (BMI) was independently associated with VUGIB (odds ratio 0.701 [95% confidence interval 0.51 to 0.96]; p=0.025). Compared with patients who did not undergo surgery, individuals who underwent esophagogastric devascularization combined with splenectomy (EGDS) had higher serum lipid levels, fat percentage and frequency of metabolic syndrome, with lower skeletal muscle mass index and hand grip strength., Conclusions: HSS mansoni seems not to cause sarcopenia. However, a lower fat-free BMI was associated with previous VUGIB and the subgroup of patients who underwent EGDS presented higher lipid levels, fat percentage and frequency of metabolic syndrome and lower muscle mass and function., (© The Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.)

This research aims to understand the influence of bodily practices, especially gymnastics, in the construction of representations of a healthy body conveyed in a Brazilian women's magazine in the 1940s and 1950s. We use records from the Jornal das Moças magazine for the analysis based on the theoretical and methodological assumptions of cultural history. The results show that gymnastics for women was linked to body maintenance and used as a tool for establishing a body standard, thus disciplining and shapingthe construction of women's health concepts, determined by the aesthetic bias of that period: a slim body as an ideal standard of beauty and health.

Adolescents and young adults are an important target concerning reducing health-risk behavior adoption, including sexual health. Studying their knowledge concerning sexuality and their main counsellors, can be an important step in targeting an updated health promotion approach. This study characterized adolescents and young adults' knowledge and attitudes about sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), and contraception, prospecting for their main trusted counseling sources. We conducted a cross-sectional, population-based, self-report survey of 746 individuals aged between 14 and 24 years from Paredes, Portugal. The questionnaire included many dimensions, as demographic characteristics, youth behavior, currently sexually active status, main counselors concerning health topics, awareness, and knowledge about STDs and contraception. Mean age of the participants was 18.3 years, 50.5% of them had started their sexual activity. Males present themselves as more sexually active, starting earlier, and have more sexual partners than females. Participants reported an adequate knowledge perception about STDs and contraception methods, however we found different patterns on specific STDs and contraceptive methods, according to gender, age, and sexually active status. Our results help design specific interventions to reach youth, community, and healthcare providers, pointing out the value of bringing people to the center of health policies., Competing Interests: The authors declare no potential conflict of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.

Objective: to construct a prototype of a mobile application on psychological violence against women to facilitate nurses' continuing education., Method: an applied methodological research of technological development, based on the Contextualized Instructional Design method., Results: the prototype content was based on the learning objectives developed through a narrative review, which guided an integrative review to compile the information. The prototype is called "EmpodereEnf", and is composed of an initial screen, bringing nurses as a target audience, and, soon after, offering nine general moblets for access to information such as: concepts, causes, manifestations and consequences of psychological violence; means for identification and approach in nursing consultation and health education; compulsory notification and referral; examples of cases of psychological violence and references., Final Considerations: the prototype is a possibility for future coping interventions and a work tool for nurses in the face of psychological violence against women.

Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is one of the inborn errors of immunity that have the greatest clinical impact. Rates of morbidity and mortality are higher in patients with CVID who develop liver disease than in those who do not. The main liver disorder in CVID is nodular regenerative hyperplasia (NRH), the cause of which remains unclear and for which there is as yet no treatment. The etiology of liver disease in CVID is determined by analyzing the liver injury and the associated conditions. The objective of this study was to compare CVID patients with and without liver-spleen axis abnormalities in terms of clinical characteristics, as well as to analyze liver and duodenal biopsies from those with portal hypertension (PH), to elucidate the pathophysiology of liver injury. Patients were divided into three groups: Those with liver disease/PH, those with isolated splenomegaly, and those without liver-spleen axis abnormalities. Clinical and biochemical data were collected. Among 141 CVID patients, 46 (32.6%) had liver disease/PH; 27 (19.1%) had isolated splenomegaly; and 68 (48.2%) had no liver-spleen axis abnormalities. Among the liver disease/PH group, patients, even those with mild or no biochemical changes, had clinical manifestations of PH, mainly splenomegaly, thrombocytopenia, and esophageal varices. Duodenal celiac pattern was found to correlate with PH (p < 0.001). We identified NRH in the livers of all patients with PH ( n = 11). Lymphocytic infiltration into the duodenal mucosa also correlated with PH. Electron microscopy of liver biopsy specimens showed varying degrees of lymphocytic infiltration and hepatocyte degeneration, which is a probable mechanism of lymphocyte-mediated cytotoxicity against hepatocytes and enterocytes. In comparison with the CVID patients without PH, those with PH were more likely to have lymphadenopathy (p < 0.001), elevated β 2 -microglobulin (p < 0.001), low B-lymphocyte counts (p < 0.05), and low natural killer-lymphocyte counts (p < 0.05). In CVID patients, liver disease/PH is common and regular imaging follow-up is necessary. These patients have a distinct immunological phenotype that may predispose to liver and duodenal injury from lymphocyte-mediated cytotoxicity. Further studies could elucidate the cause of this immune-mediated mechanism and its treatment options., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2022 Lima, Toledo-Barros, Alves, Duarte, Takakura, Bernardes-Silva, Marinho, Grecco, Kalil and Kokron.)

Sleep has a major impact on a variety of human biological and cognitive functions. In particular, its impact on memory has attracted extensive research and has been amply demonstrated. However, it is still unclear whether sleep, or lack thereof, affects the ability to recognize faces. To clarify this, we conducted a scoping review on studies that included a face recognition memory task and any kind of sleep manipulation in adults without any sleep pathology. A systematic search and synthesis of peer-reviewed journal articles identified through the electronic databases Scopus, Web of Science, EBSCO, and PubMed was performed. A final sample of 18 articles, corresponding to 19 studies, met the eligibility criteria. The results of 13 articles suggested that sleep benefited face recognition ability, whereas two articles indicated a detrimental effect of sleep on performance, and four articles found no significant effects. This review highlights the high methodological variability between studies, in terms of sleep manipulation, retention interval, tasks used to probe face recognition, and other variables. In sum, although around one third of the studies show a beneficial effect of sleep on memory for faces, we suggest that future research should invest in replicating these findings with a stricter control of potentially confounding variables to allow stronger conclusions to be drawn.