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Additional file 2: Supplementary table S2. Statistical power analysis performed using G power software for comparisons of tension variation within groups.

Additional file 3: Supplementary Table S3. Mean Comparison between locked medial anchor (DP) and sliding medial anchors (SLDP) regarding contact force, area and pressure, peak force and MBR force in the repair box (25N lateral tension) - * reached statistical significance. Supplementary Table S4. Mean comparison between locked medial anchor (DP) and sliding medial anchors (SLDP) regarding contact force, area and pressure, peak force and MBR force in the repair box (50N lateral tension) - * reached statistical significance. Supplementary Table S5. Mean comparison between tape double-hole passage (DP) and single-hole passage (SP) regarding contact force, area and pressure, peak force and MBR force in the repair box (25N lateral tension) - * reached statistical significance. Supplementary Table S6. Mean comparison between tape double–hole passage (DP) and single-hole passage (SP) regarding contact force, area and pressure, peak force and MBR force in the repair box (50N lateral tension) - * reached statistical significance. Supplementary Table S7. Variation within each group if lateral row tension increases 100% - * reached statistical significance.

Additional file 1: Table S1. Statistical power analysis performed using G power software for comparisons of the dependent variables between groups. Considered acceptable statistical power if power > 0,75; Alpha error probability = 0,05.

Additional file 1.

Additional file 1: Outpatient Clinical Assessments. Table with outpatient clinical assessments data.

Lattice sites and collective ordering of oxygen atoms in HgBa$_2$CaCu$_2$O$_{6+\delta}$ were studied using the perturbed angular correlation (PAC) technique at ISOLDE/CERN. The electric field gradients (EFG) at $^{199m}$Hg nuclei have been measured as functions of oxygen doping on the Hg planes, above and below T$_c$. In comparison with the results obtained for oxygen and fluorine doping in Hg-1201, the analysis shows a different oxygen ordering exhibited by Hg-1212. Moreover, for all studied cases, the experimental results show that at a local scale there is non-uniform oxygen distribution. A series of ab initio EFG calculations allowed to infer that at low concentrations, regions without oxygen coexist with regions where O$_{2\delta}$ dumbbell molecules are located at the center of the Hg mesh. On the other side, at high concentrations, O$_{2\delta}$ dumbbell molecules coexist with single O$_\delta$ atoms occupying the center of the Hg mesh. The present results suggest that oxygen sits on the Hg planes in the form of a molecule and not as a single atom.

Bitumen is undoubtedly the most important material in the construction and rehabilitation of flexible road pavements. By increasing the temperature, bitumen changes from brittle solid, to viscoelastic solid and finally to Newtonian fluid. The rheological characteristics of bitumen also vary greatly due to aging, which is a phenomenon initiated in the phases of production and application of bituminous (asphalt) mixtures and continued during the Iife of road pavements. The aim of this work is to study several rheological parameters in order to evaluate if they are able to quantify the aging of various types of bitumens. Four bitumens from the same distillation column in the refinery, but with different penetration grades, were aged by using the RTFOT method, which simulates the aging of the bitumen during the asphalt mixture production and pavement construction. The original (base) and aged bitumens were characterized with conventional tests used in the paving industry, and the results were compared with the rheological characteristics obtained with small amplitude oscillatory shear tests. Aging was assessed at high temperatures (110ºC to 180ºC) through the activation energy computed from the temperature dependence ofthe Newtonian viscosity. However, the comparison of the characteristic relaxation times extracted from master curves measured at medium/low temperatures (between 25ºC to 80°C), proved to be the most sensitive indicator of bitumen aging., Asphalt ist unzweifelhaft das wichtigste Material bei der Konstruktion und Ausbesserung von flexiblen Straßenbelag. Durch Temperaturerhöhung geht Asphalt von einem spröden Festkörper, zu einem viskoelastischen Festkörper und schließlich zu einer Newtonschen Flüssigkeit über. Darüber hinaus verändern sich die rheologischen Eigenschaften von Aphalt durch Alterung. DiesesPhänomen wird während der Herstellung und Anwendung der Asphaltmischungen initiiert und setzt sich danach fort. Das Ziel dieser Arbeit ist, verschiedene rheologische Parameter zu untersuchen und ihre Eignung zur Charakterisierung des Alterungsverhalten von Asphalt zu evaluieren. Vier Asphaltmischungen aus derselben Destillationskolonne einer Raffinerie mit unterschiedlichen Eindringwerten wurden mit Hilfe der RTFOT-Methode gealtert. DieseMethode simuliert die Alterung von Aphalt während der Herstellung der Asphaltmischungen und des Straßenbelags. Der Ausgangs- und der gealterte Asphalt wurden mit den üblichen industriellen Versuchen getestet und ihre Resultate mit den Ergebnissen von Iinear-viskoelastischen Scheroszillationen verglichen. Das Alterungsverhalten wurde bei hohen Temperaturen (110ºC bis 180ºC) durch die Aktivierungsenergie ermittelt, die aus der Temperaturabhängigkeit der Newtonschen Viskosität bestimmt wurde. Es zeigte sichjedoch, dassder Vergleich der charakteristischen Relaxationszeiten, die aus den gemessenenMasterkurven bei niedrigen und mittleren Temperaturen (zwischen 25ºC und 80ºC) erhalten wurden, der beste Indikator für die Alterung von Asphalt ist., Le bitume est sans aucun doute le matériau le plus important pour la réhabilitation et la construction de revêtements routiers flexibles. En chauffant, le bitume passe d'un comportement de solide cassant, à celui d'un solide viscoélastique et finalement a celui d'un fluide Newtonien. Les caractéristiques rhéologiques du bitume varient grandement avec le vieillissement, qui est un phénomène initié dans les phases de production et d'application des mélanges bitumineux (asphalte), et qui continue durant la vie du revêtement routier. Le but de ce travail est d'étudier les paramètres rhéologiques du bitume qui sont les plus sensibles au vieillissement. Quatre bitumes provenant de la même colonne de distillation mais possédant des grades différents, ont été vieillis au moyen de la méthode RTFOT qui simule le vieillissement du bitume lors de la production du mélange d'asphalte et lors de la construction du revêtement. Les bitumes originaux (base)et âges ont été caractérises à I’ aide de tests conventionnels utilisés dans I’ industrie, et les résultats ont été compares avec les caractéristiques rhéologiques obtenus au moyen de tests dynamiques de cisaillement. Le vieillissement est mis en évidence ä haute températures (de 110 à 180°C) en considérant l'énergie d'activation calculée ä partir de la dépendance thermique de la viscosité Newtomenne. Cependant, la comparaison des temps de relaxation caractéristiques obtenus ä partir des courbes maitresses construites pour des températures entre 25 et 80°C, se révèle être la méthode la plus sensible au vieillissement du bitume.

Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia Electrotécnica Ramo de Automação e Electrónica Industrial Esta dissertação apresenta o estudo e o projecto de uma fonte de alimentação para um detector de radiação Geiger-Muller. A fonte de alimentação tanto pode funcionar com a tensão da rede como pode ser integrada em sistemas de electrónica modular NIM de modo a ser facilmente integrada em qualquer tipo de laboratório. A fonte de alimentação inclui os seguintes módulos: 1) rectificador controlado; 2) conversor boost; 3) inversor de tensão; 4) transformador de impulsos; 5) ponte rectificadora de díodos e 6) separador de Alta Tensão – Sinal. Os resultados obtidos experimentalmente estão de acordo com resultados obtidos por simulações usando o Matlab/Simulink ou o OrCAD. Estes resultados permitem demonstrar a fiabilidade e a validade da fonte de alimentação proposta para alimentar o detector Geiger-Muller. A fonte de alimentação foi testada em condições reais de funcionamento com fontes de isótopos radioactivos escolhidos. Abstract: This MSc thesis presents the research and project of a power supply for a Geiger-Muller radiation detector. The power supply may work with mains voltage or may be integrated in a NIM module so that can be easily integrated in any kind of laboratory. The power supply includes the following modules: 1) single-phase full wave controlled rectifier; 2) Boost converter; 3) Voltage inverter; 4) pulse transformer; 5) single-phase bridge rectifier and 6) separador de Alta Tensão – Sinal. The results obtained experimentally match the results obtained by simulations using Matlab/Simulink or OrCAD. This results allow to demonstrate the fiability and validate the proposed power supply to connect to the Geiger-Muller detector. The power supply was tested in real conditions of functioning with chosen sources of radioactive isotopes.