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Good communication between clinicians and pathologists is a vital element in the diagnostic process, and poor communication can adversely affect patient care. There is a lack of research about communication in diagnostic oral and maxillofacial pathology. This narrative review explores different aspects of the quality of communication between clinicians and oral pathologists, with a focus on the diagnosis of oral and maxillofacial diseases. An electronic search was carried out in MEDLINE through the PubMed, Scopus, and Embase databases up to April 2021. No studies reporting communication, its adequacy or the required skills between clinicians and pathologists in oral diagnosis were found. According to studies published in medicine, strategies for improving communication skills include clinician-pathologist collaboration; a well-formatted, clear and thorough report; training in communication skills; and patient-centered care. Further studies evaluating the current practices and quality in oral and maxillofacial pathology are required to identify barriers and encourage optimal communication to facilitate diagnosis, as well as patient safety.

Radiotherapy is generally used as an adjuvant treatment in malignant head and neck tumors, which can cause a series of toxicities to tissues involved in the radiation field. Hard tissue necrosis surrounding the tumor is widely debated and recognized; however, oral mucosa necrosis as a late effect of head and neck radiotherapy is a toxicity that has been little explored and understood in the literature. The present report describes a 53-year-old Caucasian, diabetic man with a painful yellowish mass in the buccal mucosa, remaining oral mucositis with history of radiotherapy completed 90 days ago as adjuvant treatment for a polymorphic adenocarcinoma in the palate. Photobiomodulation was used as therapy for tissue necrosis with good therapeutic response despite discontinuation of treatment by the patient. Since there are few descriptions and illustrations of radiotherapy-related soft tissue necrosis, the current case may bring some new experience with this important topic, which directly impacts on the patient's quality of life. © 2022 Elsevier Ltd

RESUMO O presente estudo investigou a ação in vitro dos fungos nematófagos Duddingtonia flagrans (AC001), Monacrosporium thaumasium (NF 34) e Pochonia chlamydosporia (VC1 e VC4) sobre ovos de Eurytrema coelomaticum. Os ovos foram vertidos sobre a superfície de culturas dos isolados fúngicos cultivados sobre ágar-água 2% (AA 2%) em placas de Petri, e sobre AA 2% sem fungo como controle. Ao completarem 7, 10 e 14 dias, os ovos foram removidos e classificados de acordo com os seguintes parâmetros: efeito tipo 1, efeito lítico sem prejuízo morfológico a casca do ovo; tipo 2, efeito lítico com alteração morfológica da casca e embrião; e tipo 3, efeito lítico com alteração morfológica do embrião e da casca, além de penetração de hifas e colonização interna do ovo. Os isolados AC001 e NF34 não causaram os efeitos dos tipos 2 e 3, contudo o isolado VC1 causou tal efeito determinando atividade ovicida sobre 27,2% dos ovos no dia 7, 23,1% no dia 10, e 25,0% no dia 14 após tratamento. Da mesma forma, o isolado VC4 causou atividade ovicida: 15,0%, 25,4%, e 21,8% nos dias 7, 10 e 14, respectivamente. P. chlamydosporia é um fungo promissor para o controle biológico de E. coelomaticum. ABSTRACT The present study investigated the in-vitro action of the nematophagous fungi Duddingtonia flagrans (AC001), Monacrosporium thaumasium (NF34) and Pochonia chlamydosporia (VC1 and VC4) on eggs of Eurytrema coelomaticum. Eggs were placed on fungal cultures surface over water-agar 2% (WA 2%) in Petri plates, and on WA 2% with no fungus (control). After 7, 10 and 14 days, the eggs were removed and classified according to the following parameters: type 1, lytic effect without morphological damage to eggshell; type 2, lytic effect with morphological alteration of embryo and eggshell; and type 3, lytic effect with morphological alteration of embryo and eggshell, besides hyphal penetration and internal egg colonization. The isolate AC001 and NF34 did not cause the type 2 and 3 effects; however, the isolate VC1 caused the type 3 effect determining the ovicidal activity on 27.2% of eggs at day 7, 23.1% at day 10, and 25.0% at day 14 after treatment. Also, the isolate VC4 caused ovicidal activity: 15.0%, 25.4% and 21.8% at day 7, 10 and 14, respectively. Pochonia chlamydosporia is a promising fungus for biological control of E. coelomaticum.

Oral cancer/oral squamous cell carcinoma is among the top ten most common cancers globally, with over 500,000 new cases and 350,000 associated deaths every year worldwide. There is a critical need for objective, novel technologies that facilitate early, accurate diagnosis. For this purpose, we have developed a method to classify images as “suspicious” and “normal” by performing transfer learning on Inception-ResNet-V2 and generated automated heat maps to highlight the region of the images most likely to be involved in decision making. We have tested the developed method’s feasibility on two independent datasets of clinical photographic images of 30 and 24 patients from the UK and Brazil, respectively. Both 10-fold cross-validation and leave-one-patient-out validation methods were performed to test the system, achieving accuracies of 73.6% (±19%) and 90.9% (±12%), F1-scores of 97.9% and 87.2%, and precision values of 95.4% and 99.3% at recall values of 100.0% and 81.1% on these two respective cohorts. This study presents several novel findings and approaches, namely the development and validation of our methods on two datasets collected in different countries showing that using patches instead of the whole lesion image leads to better performance and analyzing which regions of the images are predictive of the classes using class activation map analysis.

Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-jdr-10.1177_00220345211029637 for Oral Manifestations in Patients with COVID-19: A 6-Month Update by J. Amorim dos Santos, A.G.C. Normando, R.L. Carvalho da Silva, A.C. Acevedo, G. De Luca Canto, N. Sugaya, A.R. Santos-Silva and E.N.S. Guerra in Journal of Dental Research