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Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is increasing in China, with medication non-adherence being a significant contributor to uncontrolled T2DM. The Transtheoretical Model (TTM) has shown effectiveness in chronic disease management, but few studies have applied it in online interventions for T2DM medication adherence. Aim: The study aimed to develop and investigate the effects of a TTM-based online health education program on promoting positive stage of change (SOC) movement, improving self-efficacy and medication adherence, as well as reducing HbA1c levels in newly diagnosed patients with T2DM. Methods: This sequential mixed-method study was conducted from April 2023 to March 2024. Using the TTM framework, the study initially explored 32 participants' experiences with hypoglycemic medications, health information acquisition, and perspectives on online programs. Then, a quasi-experimental study design was conducted. Two communities were randomly assigned as the intervention (n = 91) and comparison (n = 98) groups, with 189 newly diagnosed middle-aged T2DM patients from various SOC. The intervention group received short videos health education and participated in WeChat group discussions, compared with usual care in the comparison group. Data were collected at baseline, 3-month, and 6-month follow-ups. Results: The intervention group was more likely to achieve positive SOC movement (P <.001, Adj OR = 13.69 95% CI = 6.76-27.71) compared to the comparison group. The intervention group also had significantly higher mean CDMSS-11 and MMAS-8 scores at 6 months (P =.03 and <.001, respectively) and more likely to achieve clinically significant glycated Hemoglobin (HbA1c) change at 3 months (P <.001, Adj OR = 3.91, 95% CI = 1.77-8.63) and at 6 months (P <.001, Adj OR = 5.62, 95% CI = 2.70-11.69) compared to the comparison group. Conclusion: These findings support that applying the TTM to develop an online program could promote behavior change, improve self-efficacy and medication adherence, and could lead to better glycemic control in newly diagnosed T2DM patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The efficiency which management methods can be used to improve public relations of Medical and Public Health Secretary, College of Allied Health Sciences Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University. It's called action research. The objectives were as follows: 1) to examine the level of effectiveness of utilizing the PDCA quality management cycle in organizational public relations; 2)Examine media formats, media production, page access evaluation, and the growth of digital media in public relations; 3) To investigate the efficacy of management tools for public relations development and 4) Examine the influence of PDCA cycle-based quality management on corporate public relations in the digital age. The sample group consisted of 400 students who followed the Medical and Public Health Secretary Department's page and completed a questionnaire to gauge their views on the quality management cycle (Plan: Do: Check: Act) or PDCA principles in management for development work. So, to do the analysis of data employs frequency, the percentage of statistical inference was utilized by the Chi-Square Test and Multiple Linear Regression. The efficacy of using management tools to develop public relations work is determined by analyzing media formats that reach target groups. The result indicated that the level with the highest mean is action (Do), followed by review (Check) and enhancement (Act), and the level with the lowest mean is planning (Plan). Examining media formats and media production revealed that Action for digital media development for public relations received the highest score (4.83). Next, the effectiveness of using management tools to improve public relations is in the highest level and the influence of PDCA cycle-based quality management on corporate public relations in the digital age and the effectiveness of using the PDCA quality management cycle in public relations in the digital age yielded a P-value 0.05 and an R2 value of 0.95, indicating a 90% statistically significant impact on public relations development management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Personality reflects adaptive human behavior adaptability to changing situations as well inevitably affects living a happy life Both in terms of physical and mental health. To study the level of 5 dimensions of personality and adaptive behavior. after the coronavirus epidemic, as well as to study the ability to explain 5D personality variation and adaptive behavior after the coronavirus epidemic of high school students Samut Songkhram Province. This research is an explanatory research using a cross-sectional survey. The sample is high school student Samut Songkhram Province, 347 people used a questionnaire to collect data. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics including number, percentage, mean and standard deviation and analyzing the ability to explain 5-dimensional personality variation and adaptive behavior after the epidemic of the coronavirus with Multiple Regression Analysis, setting a statistical significance level of 0.05. Most of the students had a personality type. Consciousness had the highest average, students had the highest average family adaptive behavior, and sensitive personality and openness to new experiences. Be able to explain the variation in adaptive behavior after the situation Coronavirus epidemic 36.00% promoting personality for students to have the ability to adapt to appropriate situations Affecting the quality of life of students in various aspects of life, school administrators should have a policy and regularly monitor the situations of students' adaptive behavior in a concrete way to reduce physical and mental problems and ensure students have an appropriate quality of life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic has affected all parts of Thailand. The effect of the virus and the death toll concerning the disease varied from country to country. Moreover, the number of fatalities and the infected cases in a country depended on the response of the governments regarding the availability of the healthcare facilities, contact tracing, locking down the country, and creating awareness among the people. Educating the public as much as possible The fastest will be to encourage people to have the correct self-care behaviors to reduce the damage and death of the population in the country. Objective: To study the level of self-protection behavior from the coronavirus outbreak 2019 of the sample group in the naval flat community Bangkok. Methods: The study had a cross-sectional predictive correlational design and included 376 families living in such communities. Descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and stepwise multiple linear regression were used for data analysis. Results: This research found that most had a high-level knowledge among 356 people (94.70%) it was found that most of them had a lot of self-defense behaviors of 329 people (88.00%). Extreme self-defense behavior. Knowledge and behavior are related in all pairs of variables. and knowledge can account for a 25% variation in infection prevention behaviors. Conclusion: Educating is the least expensive investment. and is the most worthwhile promoting people to receive information consistent and truthful information will affect the behavior of caring people. This study was to collect data before easing measures to prevent infection. To enable relevant agencies to use the information obtained for future operations appropriately. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Backgroud - The cognition of the reducing of using plastic bag very important and benefit of the reduction, environment and health, the research focus for the knowhow of using plstic bag which concern the management model in order to create more value to use and recycle plastic bag. Then, to focus on the environment related problem and fixed it by give more knowledge and understanding. Objective - This research aimed to 1) measure the level of cognition of the reducing of using plastic bag, 2) study the management model affecting the reducing of using plastic bag, 3) analyse the behavior of plastic bag reduction affect to the management model, and 4) analyse the ability to explain the variation of analyse the ability to explain the variation of the management model for reducing plastic bag. Methods - The target group was 205 persons collected by simple random sampling. The research referred to a quantitative technique that analysed data using descriptive statistics, inferential statistics, and multiple regression analysis. Results - The research proved that the level of cognition of the reducing of using plastic bag was in high level, the management model affecting the reducing of using plastic bag in fair level, the behavior of plastic bag reduction affect to the management model, and can explain the variation of analyse the ability to explain the variation of the management model for reducing plastic bag accounted for 53%. Work relationships can explain the variation of health problems estimated at 52% at the significance level of 0.05. Conclusion - Findings in this research can effectively implement the management model for reducing plastic bag in the organisation. The authors are interested in behavior and the management model for reducing plastic bag. The authors expect that this study's findings will be an advantage for organisation management in all aspects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to investigate the situation of hospital water use quality and determined concern parameters contributing to health risk factor. A total of 15,560 water use samples from hospitals in all regions of Thailand between 2010 to 2019 were sampled and analyzed. Inferential statistics were employed to determine significant differences and relationships among water quality parameters. Hospital water use came from various sources. The probability of water use without treatment involved quality parameters not meeting the standard criteria than those treated water around 1.8 - 9.3 times. Chemical water quality parameters always remained under the standard requirement of pH (9.5%) and turbidity (5.6%). The majority of problems involved microbial indicators; total coliform bacteria (43.9%) and fecal coliform bacteria (33.2%). Water parameters related to exceeded total and fecal coliform bacteria standards included turbidity, nitrate, chloride and pH levels. The highest explicit turbidity relationship of occurrence probability exceeded the quality standards with total and fecal coliform bacteria 3.7 and 4.3 fold, respectively. Onsite hospital water treatment is needed to ensure safe conditions. The significant chemical parameters can be used as a rapid tool to estimate the situation of microbial indicators. Constant and frequent monitoring of water quality should be implemented for all stakeholders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: This study aimed to review systematically all available prediction tools identifying adult hospitalized patients at risk of drug‐related problems, and to synthesize the evidence on performance and clinical usefulness. Methods: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, and CINAHL databases were searched for relevant studies. Titles, abstracts and full‐text studies were sequentially screened for inclusion by two independent reviewers. The Prediction Model Risk of Bias Assessment Tool (PROBAST) and the Revised Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (QUADAS‐2) checklists were used to assess risk of bias and applicability of prediction tools. A narrative synthesis was performed. Results: A total of 21 studies were included, 14 of which described the development of new prediction tools (four risk assessment tools and ten clinical prediction models) and six studies were validation based and one an impact study. There were variations in tool development processes, outcome measures and included predictors. Overall, tool performance had limitations in reporting and consistency, with the discriminatory ability based on area under the curve receiver operating characteristics (AUROC) ranging from poor to good (0.62–0.81), sensitivity and specificity ranging from 57.0% to 89.9% and 30.2% to 88.0%, respectively. The Medicines Optimisation Assessment tool and Assessment of Risk tool were prediction tools with the lowest risk of bias and low concern for applicability. Studies reporting external validation and impact on patient outcomes were scarce. Conclusion: Most prediction tools have limitations in development and validation processes, as well as scarce evidence of clinical usefulness. Future studies should attempt to either refine currently available tools or apply a rigorous process capturing evidence of acceptance, usefulness, performance and outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background – Smoking is dangerous for smokers and those nearby. The current smoking situation has an increasing number of smokers around the world. Cigarettes are addictive substances that have longterm health effects that threaten the health of the individual, community, and society. Many of the compounds in tobacco cause diseases such as สรlung cancer or respiratory diseases. Every minute, 6-7 people die from smoking. The nicotine in cigarette smoke, when inhaled, enters the brain within 8-10 seconds, causing the arteries to constrict. high blood pressure, breathe faster, and stimulate the midbrain to make you feel relaxed in the early stages. Much working age is smoke for a reason to relieve stress. especially the working-age population with stress from work. The depletion of working-age resources from cigarettes is not something that should happen. Objective – This paper aims to study the relationship between stress and smoking behavior of working age. Methods – This research is contextual research by using a cross-sectional survey. The samples were working-age select the sample group by stratified proportion random simple and not overridden by using a random number table. The sample consisted of 350 working age. The research instrument was a questionnaire 3 part. The questionnaire was created by the researcher from literature review and related research. Three-part of questionnaires of personal data questionnaire, stress questionnaire and smoking behavior 30 item is five Likert scales. The statistics used for data analysis are descriptive, inferential statistics analyzed. Results – Most of the working-age was at a moderate level of stress. and felt the least stressful. The relationship between stress and smoking behavior found that the duration of smoking, type of cigarette, smoked cigarette, and smoking frequency no relationship to stress while the cost of cigarettes per month, the reason you smoke when doing you usually smoke, and the place is often used to smoke associated to stress statistically significant at the 0.05 level Conclusion – Working-age smoking is caused by several factors, one of the major factors being the stress of the working-age population. The results of the study found that smoking relieves stress. The effect of smoking often occurs in the long term. Working people still lack awareness of their health care. and regardless of the condition of the disease that will occur as well. However, a variety of ways to manage stress should be sought. To reduce the smoking behavior of working people to reduce [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background - The environment is important to learning. It is creating a suitable environment for students, students will be happy to study. The student is happy in learning them will do for better academic achievement, respectively. The students are studying success to be qualified personnel for further development of the country. Objective – This research investigates the relationship between environmental factors and the learning happiness of students. Methods - This research is contextual research by using a cross-sectional survey. The samples were students select the sample group by stratified proportion random simple and not overridden by using a random number table. The sample consisted of 262 students. The research instrument was a questionnaire. The statistics used for data analysis are descriptive, inferential statistics analyzed. Results - The students are moderately happy with environmental factors, it was found that teacher advisor characteristics are the highest mean (M=2.79). The mean overall learning happiness level was M = 2.39 is moderate happiness. The students were happiest in the family. The teacher advisor characteristics and curriculum characteristics could explain the variance of the learning happiness, and it calculated 11.0%. There are the teacher advisor's characteristics are to look after the students closely, which gives students peace of mind and clear curriculum characteristics, assuring them that after graduation they will not lose their job. Conclusion – Creating an environment should be a student's focus and there is a plan to develop the environment to suit the learners continuously. This is a concept that requires further attention from university policymakers and researchers to ensure policies and practices are in place that delivers a valued learning experience to students, in higher education, through engaging pedagogical activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Smoking is a risk factor for chronic diseases. A combination of tobacco use with occupational hazards among industrial workers could increase the risk of occupational disease and injury. Nicotine is known to be highly addictive. It is difficult not only to maintain the decrease in smoking but also to continue quitting tobacco use. Moreover, nicotine withdrawal can be challenging and lead to failure in the smoking cessation process. Self-efficacy theory has been used recently for the development of effective smoking cessation programs. Objective: To develop an online nicotine withdrawal symptoms management program based on self-efficacy theory and examine its effectiveness. Materials and Methods: A quasi-experimental design with a control group pretest-posttest design was used. The sample consisted of male employees working in a consumer product manufacturing industry in Bangkok. An intervention group (n=28) received an online nicotine withdrawal symptoms management program via LINE application based on self-efficacy theory for one month. In comparison, participants in the control group (n= 29) received a conventional smoking cessation program. The effectiveness of the intervention on nicotine withdrawal symptoms, cigarette craving, self-efficacy perception of nicotine withdrawal management, cigarette rolls per day, nicotine dependence level, exhaled carbon monoxide level, and smoking cessation behavior the first and fourth week were examined using a repeated-measures analysis of variance. Results: At one-month follow-up, there were significant differences between the two groups on nicotine withdrawal symptoms score, cigarette craving level, self-efficacy perception of nicotine withdrawal management, cigarette rolls per day, nicotine addiction level, exhaled carbon monoxide level, and smoking cessation behaviors (p<0.001). In addition, there was a significant difference in the self-reported nicotine withdrawal symptoms score in terms of irritability, anger, anxiety, concentration deficit, depression, and insomnia (p<0.001) between groups, between times, and between times and groups (p<0.001). Conclusion: Nicotine withdrawal symptoms management program using LINE application is effective in encouraging smoking cessation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]