152 results on '"Siikonen, Timo"'
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2. Simulation of turbulent effective wakes for propellers in off-design conditions by a correction factor approach
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Sánchez-Caja, Antonio, Martio, Jussi, Viitanen, Ville M., and Siikonen, Timo
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- 2021
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3. A sub-grid scale model with natural near-wall damping
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Taghinia, Javad H., Rahman, Md Mizanur, and Siikonen, Timo
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- 2018
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4. CFD study of turbulent jet impingement on curved surface
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Taghinia, Javad, Rahman, Md Mizanur, and Siikonen, Timo
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- 2016
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5. CFD modeling of homogenizer valve: A comparative study
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Taghinia, Javad, Rahman, Mizanur, Tse, Tim K.T., and Siikonen, Timo
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- 2016
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6. Large eddy simulation of a high-pressure homogenizer valve
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Taghinia, Javad, Rahman, Md Mizanur, and Siikonen, Timo
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- 2015
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7. Large eddy simulation of flow past a circular cylinder with a novel sub-grid scale model
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Taghinia, Javad, Rahman, Md Mizanur, and Siikonen, Timo
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- 2015
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8. Heat transfer and flow analysis of jet impingement on concave surfaces
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Taghinia, Javad, Rahman, Mizanur, and Siikonen, Timo
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- 2015
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9. One-equation sub-grid scale model with variable eddy-viscosity coefficient
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Taghinia, Javad, Rahman, Md Mizanur, Siikonen, Timo, and Agarwal, Ramesh K.
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- 2015
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10. Numerical investigation of twin-jet impingement with hybrid-type turbulence modeling
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Taghinia, Javad, Rahman, Md Mizanur, and Siikonen, Timo
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- 2014
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11. An easy-to-use turbulent inlet boundary condition for large-eddy simulation of radial diffusers
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Saarinen, Pekka, Koskela, Hannu, and Siikonen, Timo
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- 2016
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12. Simulation of indoor airflow with RAST and SST-SAS models: A comparative study
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Taghinia, Javad, Rahman, Mizanur, and Siikonen, Timo
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- 2015
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13. Diagonalization of the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations with the Reynolds-stress Turbulence Model
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Rautaheimo, Patrik, Siikonen, Timo, Hellsten, Antti, Hirschel, Ernst Heinrich, editor, Fujii, Kozo, editor, van Leer, Bram, editor, Leschziner, Michael A., editor, Pandolfi, Maurizio, editor, Rizzi, Arthur, editor, Roux, Bernard, editor, Deville, Michel, editor, Gavrilakis, Spyros, editor, and Ryhming, Inge L., editor
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- 1996
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14. Exploring k and ϵ with R–Equation Model Using Elliptic Relaxation Function
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Rahman, Md Mizanur, Wallin, Stefan, and Siikonen, Timo
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- 2012
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15. Compressible Two-Phase Viscous Flow Investigations of Cavitation Dynamics for the ITTC Standard Cavitator
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Viitanen, Ville M., Sipilä, Tuomas, Sánchez-Caja, Antonio, Siikonen, Timo, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, ABB Group, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Aalto-yliopisto, and Aalto University
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system instabilities ,Hydrodynamic cavitation ,lcsh:T ,System instabilities ,Physics::Medical Physics ,Physics::Classical Physics ,lcsh:Technology ,lcsh:QC1-999 ,lcsh:Chemistry ,Physics::Fluid Dynamics ,Turbulence modelling ,lcsh:Biology (General) ,lcsh:QD1-999 ,lcsh:TA1-2040 ,Physics::Plasma Physics ,hydrodynamic cavitation ,Physics::Space Physics ,compressible two-phase flow ,Compressible two-phase flow ,lcsh:Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ,lcsh:QH301-705.5 ,lcsh:Physics ,turbulence modelling - Abstract
In this paper, the ITTC Standard Cavitator is numerically investigated in a cavitation tunnel. Simulations at different cavitation numbers are compared against experiments conducted in the cavitation tunnel of SVA Potsdam. The focus is placed on the numerical prediction of sheet-cavitation dynamics and the analysis of transient phenomena. A compressible two-phase flow model is used for the flow solution, and two turbulence closures are employed: a two-equation unsteady RANS model, and a hybrid RANS/LES model. A homogeneous mixture model is used for the two phases. Detailed analysis of the cavitation shedding mechanism confirms that the dynamics of the sheet cavitation are dictated by the re-entrant jet. The break-off cycle is relatively periodic in both investigated cases with approximately constant shedding frequency. The CFD predicted sheet-cavitation shedding frequencies can be observed also in the acoustic measurements. The Strouhal numbers lie within the usual ranges reported in the literature for sheet-cavitation shedding. We furthermore demonstrate that the vortical flow structures can in certain cases develop striking cavitating toroidal vortices, as well as pressure wave fronts associated with a cavity cloud collapse event. To our knowledge, our numerical analyses are the first reported for the ITTC standard cavitator.
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- 2020
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16. Large-eddy simulation of a round jet in a cross-flow
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Majander, Petri and Siikonen, Timo
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- 2006
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17. Compressible Two-Phase Viscous Flow Investigations of Cavitation Dynamics for the ITTC Standard Cavitator
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Viitanen, Ville M., primary, Sipilä, Tuomas, additional, Sánchez-Caja, Antonio, additional, and Siikonen, Timo, additional
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- 2020
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18. Cavitation on Model- and Full-Scale Marine Propellers: Steady And Transient Viscous Flow Simulations At Different Reynolds Numbers
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Viitanen, Ville, Siikonen, Timo, Sánchez-Caja, Antonio, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Aalto-yliopisto, and Aalto University
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TRANSITION MODEL ,marine propeller ,scale effects ,lcsh:Naval architecture. Shipbuilding. Marine engineering ,PERFORMANCE ,Physics::Fluid Dynamics ,lcsh:Oceanography ,Turbulence modelling ,LOCAL VARIABLES ,turbulence modeling ,lcsh:VM1-989 ,cavitation simulation ,SDG 14 - Life Below Water ,lcsh:GC1-1581 ,CFD ,cfd - Abstract
In this paper, we conducted numerical simulations to investigate single and two-phase flows around marine propellers in open-water conditions at different Reynolds number regimes. The simulations were carried out using a homogeneous compressible two-phase flow model with RANS and hybrid RANS/LES turbulence modeling approaches. Transition was accounted for in the model-scale simulations by employing an LCTM transition model. In model scale, also an anisotropic RANS model was utilized. We investigated two types of marine propellers: a conventional and a tip-loaded one. We compared the results of the simulations to experimental results in terms of global propeller performance and cavitation observations. The propeller cavitation, near-blade flow phenomena, and propeller wake flow characteristics were investigated in model- and full-scale conditions. A grid and time step sensitivity studies were carried out with respect to the propeller performance and cavitation characteristics. The model-scale propeller performance and the cavitation patterns were captured well with the numerical simulations, with little difference between the utilized turbulence models. The global propeller performance and the cavitation patterns were similar between the model- and full-scale simulations. A tendency of increased cavitation extent was observed as the Reynolds number increases. At the same time, greater dissipation of the cavitating tip vortex was noted in the full-scale conditions.
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- 2020
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19. Performance of a Parallel CFD-Code on a Linux Cluster
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Kaurinkoski, Petri, primary, Rautaheimo, Patrik, additional, Siikonen, Timo, additional, and Koski, Kimmo, additional
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- 2001
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20. Evaluation of commercial computational fluid dynamics codes in aerodynamic analysis of transonic flows over wings and airfoils
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Siikonen, Timo, Mikkola, Tommi, Insinööritieteiden korkeakoulu, Ruponen, Pekka, Laitinen, Markus, Siikonen, Timo, Mikkola, Tommi, Insinööritieteiden korkeakoulu, Ruponen, Pekka, and Laitinen, Markus
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Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) is an ever-growing field of study as computational resources become higher and ever so accessible for average users. Due to the increasing costs in energy consumption, traditional methods, such as wind tunnel testing, become less attractive in aerodynamic analysis. Over the past few decades, many commercially available CFD codes have been evolved. The two most commonly utilized commercial software, providing such codes, are Simcenter STAR-CCM+ by Siemens Industry Software Inc. and Ansys Fluent by Ansys Inc. This thesis evaluates the applicability of STAR-CCM+ and Ansys Fluent in transonic aerodynamic analysis based on two different criteria: accuracy and efficiency. The accuracy is measured using four different aerodynamic coefficients: lift, drag, pressure and skin friction coefficients. The results are compared to those obtained by wind tunnel testing and previously verified and alidated CFD code FINFLO. The efficiency is evaluated measuring CPU time and the amount of memory in use both in single- and multi-core calculations. The results indicate that both STAR-CCM+ and Ansys Fluent are capable of producing accurate results with decent efficiency. In addition, the possibility to run overset mesh simulations was examined. The solvers were concluded to perform well also in this aspect, which indicates that the solvers are capable of calculating more complex geometries in further studies and testing., Alati yhä energiatehokkaammaksi muuttuva yhteiskunta etsii jatkuvasti uusia ja aiempaa kustannustehokkaampia ratkaisuja erilaisten ongelmien tutkimiseen ja ratkaisemiseen. Perinteiset aerodynaamisessa analyysissä käytetyt metodit, kuten tuulitunnelitestaus, tulevat yhä kalliimmiksi samaan aikaan, kun laskennallisen virtausmekaniikan tarjoamat mahdollisuudet kasvavat laskentaresurssien ja monien kaupallisten CFD-koodien kehitysten myötä. Kaksi käytetyintä tällaista koodia ovat STAR-CCM+, jonka on kehittänyt Siemens Industry Software Inc., ja Ansys Fluent, jonka on kehittänyt Ansys Inc. Tässä työssä STAR-CCM+:n ja Ansys Fluent:n soveltuvuutta transooniseen aerodynaamiseen analyysiin arvioidaan kahden arviointikriteerin kautta, jotka ovat tarkkuus ja tehokkuus. Tarkkuus arvioidaan neljän aerodynaamisen kertoimen avulla, jotka ovat nostovoima-, vastus-, paine- ja pintakitkakerroin. Kertoimille saatuja tuloksia verrataan aiemmin verifioidun ja validoidun CFD-koodin FINFLO:n antamiin sekä tuulitunnelitestauksen kautta saatuihin tuloksiin. Tehokkuus mitataan CPU-ajan ja käytössä olevan muistin määrän perusteella sekä yksi- että moniydinlaskennassa. Tulokset osoittavat, että sekä STAR-CCM+ että Ansys Fluent pystyvät tuottamaan tarkkoja tuloksia hyvällä suorituskyvyllä. Tämän lisäksi työssä tutkittiin päällekkäisten hilojen laskennan mahdollisuutta, jossa molemmat ratkaisijat antoivat lupaavia tuloksia yhä monitahoisempia geometrioita hyödyntäviä jatkotutkimuksia ajatellen.
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- 2020
21. Conservative multiblock Navier-Stokes solver for arbitrarily deforming geometries
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Hoffren, Jaakko, Siikonen, Timo, and Laine, Seppo
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Viscous flow -- Research ,Aerofoils -- Analysis ,Aerospace and defense industries ,Business ,Science and technology - Abstract
Solution of the thin-layer Navier-Stokes equations give the time-integration code for the time-dependent compressible flows in arbitrarily deforming geometries. The temporally and spatially second-order accurate formulation eases high Reynolds number viscous flows. For grid block interfaces and solid boundaries, a multigrade scheme of time-stepping restores the accuracy of the Navier-Stokes solver.
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- 1995
22. Swiss/Finnish Collaboration on Aero-elastic simulations for the F/A-18 fighter.
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Vos, Jan B., primary, Charbonnier, Dominique, additional, Siikonen, Timo, additional, Salminen, Esa, additional, Gehri, Alain, additional, and Stefani, Philippe, additional
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- 2018
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23. DDES of Wetted and Cavitating Marine Propeller for CHA Underwater Noise Assessment
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Viitanen, Ville, primary, Hynninen, Antti, additional, Sipilä, Tuomas, additional, and Siikonen, Timo, additional
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- 2018
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24. Development and validation of CFD methods for nuclear reactor safety assessment (NURESA)
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Pättikangas, Timo, Ala-Juusela, Juhaveikko, Hovi, Ville, Huhtanen, Risto, Karppinen, Ismo, Leskinen, Joona, Patel, Giteshkumar, Peltola, Juho, Rämä, Tommi, Siikonen, Timo, Tanskanen, Vesa, Toppila, Timo, Hämäläinen, Jari, and Suolanen, Vesa
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- 2017
25. Dynamic pressure distribution on a marine multi-component ducted propulsion system
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Siikonen, Timo, Nuutinen, Mika, Insinööritieteiden korkeakoulu, Tuhkuri, Jukka, Bomberg, Daniel, Siikonen, Timo, Nuutinen, Mika, Insinööritieteiden korkeakoulu, Tuhkuri, Jukka, and Bomberg, Daniel
- Abstract
Different computation approaches are studied to find an approach that is suitable for computations of a new marine propulsion unit, called the Azipod® XL by ABB, which features linear flow propulsion technology. The chosen approach is used to compute and compare three versions of the unit, which differ in terms of propeller and stator vane design. Attention is paid to pressure distributions, rotor-stator interaction and tip leakage flow. The STAR-CCM+ software is used for the computations, where the RANS equations are used and turbulence is modelled using two versions of the SST k−omega turbulence model. The rotation of the propeller is enabled using sliding interfaces between the rotating and stationary mesh regions. Cavitation is not modelled in this study. An improved approach was found regarding the computation mesh, which has a fairly big impact on the results compared to the approach used previously. Potential for improvements in the design of the unit was also found., I detta arbete undersöks olika tillvägagångssätt för flödesberäkning, för att hitta det mest lämpliga vid undersökning av de nya Azipod® XL-enheterna av ABB. Det valda tillvägagångssättet används sedan vid beräkning av tre olika versioner av enheten, vilka skiljer sig gällande geometrin på propellern och statorvingarna. Uppmärksamhet fästs vid tryckfältet, växelverkan mellan rotor och stator, samt spetsvirvlar från propellern. Programmet STAR-CCM+ används vid beräkningarna, där RANS-ekvationerna löses och två versioner av SST k−omega modellen används för modelleringen av turbulensen. Propellerns rotation modelleras med hjälp av sliding mesh-metoden. Kavitation modelleras däremot inte i den här undersökningen. Ett bättre tillvägagångssätt kunde hittas gällande beräkningsnätet, vilket ger märkbart bättre resultat jämfört med det tidigare använda. Det konstaterades också rum för förbättring i de undersökta geometrierna.
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- 2017
26. Implementation of a one-equation local correlation-based transition model
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Siikonen, Timo, Insinööritieteiden korkeakoulu, Tuhkuri, Jukka, Kujansuu, Unto, Siikonen, Timo, Insinööritieteiden korkeakoulu, Tuhkuri, Jukka, and Kujansuu, Unto
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Transition is a common phenomenon in which a laminar flow becomes turbulent through a complicated process that drastically changes the flow characteristics. Since this phenomenon is present in practically all engineering applications, the ability to predict the transition plays a significant role in computational fluid dynamics (CFD). However, the current techniques for Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) simulations comprise of a rather complex formulation and are therefore difficult to implement and fine-tune for varying flow conditions. In this thesis, a promising One-equation Local Correlation-based Transition Model is implemented into OpenFOAM CFD software, for which procedure a detailed tutorial is provided. The implementation is validated by running simulations with standard zero pressure gradient flat plate cases. Furthermore, the model response for varied inlet conditions is studied by examining the effect of eddy viscosity ratio and freestream turbulence intensity, and a new approach of coupling the transition model with the SST-sust turbulence model is proposed. The simulation results show that the implemented transition model predicts correctly the transition in zero pressure gradient flat plate cases and the estimated skin friction coefficient is in good accordance with experimentally obtained results. Furthermore, the studies indicate that a consistent behaviour for the transition model is achieved when coupled with a turbulence model with sustained turbulence., Transitio on luonnossa yleisesti esiintyvä ilmiö, jossa laminaari rajakerrosvirtaus muuttuu turbulentiksi monimutkaisen prosessin aikana samalla muuttaen merkittävästi virtauksen ominaisuuksia. Transition ennustamisella on merkitys laskennallisessa virtausmekaniikassa, sillä tämä ilmiö esiintyy lähes kaikissa luonnollisissa virtauksissa ja virtauskoneissa. Nykyiset ajan suhteen keskiarvoistetuihin Navier-Stokes yhtälöihin perustuvat transition huomioivat laskentamallit rakentuvat kuitenkin perin monimutkaisten yhtälöiden varaan, täten hankaloittaen mallien implementoimista ja hienosäätöä erilaisiin virtaustilanteisiin. Tässä diplomityössä implementoidaan lupaava paikallisia korrelaatioita käyttävä yksi-yhtälö transitiomalli avoimeen lähdekoodiin perustuvaan OpenFOAM virtauslaskenta-ohjelmistoon. Lisäksi tähän toimenpiteeseen esitetään yksityiskohtainen tutoriaali, joka mahdollistaa mallin implementoinnin ohjelmistoon Linux-ympäristössä. Transitiomalli validoidaan standardeilla nolla-painegradientti tasolevy-tapauksilla. Tämän lisäksi transitiomallin toimintaa analysoidaan suorittamalla simulointeja erilaisilla pyörreviskositeetin suhteilla sekä vapaan virtauksen turbulenssin intesiteetin arvoilla tulovirtauksen reuna-ehdossa. Simulaatioiden tulosten perusteella voidaan todeta ennustetun transition ja pintakitkakertoimen vastaavan hyvällä tarkkuudella aikaisemmin esitettyjä kokeellisia tuloksia sekä mallilla suoritettuja tutkimuksia. Lisäksi analyysin tulokset viittaavat mallin kykenevän johdonmukaisempaan transition mallintamiseen tämän ollessa kytkettynä turbulenssimalliin, joka säilyttää virtauksen turbulenssin vakiona.
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- 2017
27. Verification and validation of a computational fluid dynamics code
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Siikonen, Timo, Ilkko, Juho, Insinööritieteiden korkeakoulu, Tuhkuri, Jukka, Jantunen, Pyry, Siikonen, Timo, Ilkko, Juho, Insinööritieteiden korkeakoulu, Tuhkuri, Jukka, and Jantunen, Pyry
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Computational fluid dynamics as an applied science aims to describe the governing equations of a fluid flow in a form implementable on a computer. To reach such a description, a multitude of simplifications and approximations are needed, especially in a case of a turbulent flow. An accurate solution of the smallest turbulent eddies would require a number of numerical operations infeasible in practice. Replacing the accurate governing equations with turbulence models, which fade out the smallest eddies, allows for an application of fluid dynamics in engineering problems. However, such modeling naturally deviates the computed results more or less from real flows. Also, a numerical solution given by a computer does not equal the analytical solution of the governing equations. This is true whether the equations are laws of nature or mere models. Thus, the credibility of a flow simulation is never self-evident, and the evaluation of both computational fluid dynamics codes and individual simulations alike is a necessity sometimes overlooked. The main objective of this master's thesis is the numerical analysis and verificaton of the code FINFLO. The method of the analysis is a comparison with other codes verified in a recent publication. A brief validation study, a comparison of computed and experimental data, is also included. The verification and validation are preceded by a theoretical background overview. This consists of the turbulence models employed and the solution of continuous equations by numerical methods suitable for fluid dynamics. The verification study revealed some unexpected details about the turbulence models and the computer round-off error. After some fixes, the FINFLO code was observed to behave like the other verified codes. This increases the credibility of all the codes reviewed. The validation study provided expected results, demonstrating the limits of the turbulence models used., Virtauslaskenta soveltavana tieteenalana pyrkii saattamaan virtausta kuvaavat luonnonlait tietokoneelle ohjelmoitavaan muotoon. Tämä vaatii joukon yksinkertaistuksia ja oletuksia, eritoten turbulenttisessa virtauksessa, missä pienimpien pyörteitten huomioon ottaminen vaatii kohtuuttomasti laskentatyötä. Vähemmällä päästään soveltamalla tarkkojen luonnonlakien sijaan pyörteet häivyttäviä turbulenssimalleja, mikä mahdollistaa käytännön virtausongelmien ratkaisun säädyllisessä ajassa nykyisillä tietokoneilla, mutta osaltaan etäännyttää laskennan tulosta todellisesta virtauksesta. Valitettavan vähälle huomiolle jää usein myös se, ettei tietokoneen antama numeerinen ratkaisu ole yhtä kuin käytettyjen yhtälöiden analyyttinen ratkaisu, olivat yhtälöt sitten malleja tai luonnonlakeja. Virtauslaskennan tarkkuus ei täten ole mikään itsestäänselvyys, vaan vaatii sekä ohjelmisto- että ongelmakohtaista arviointia. Tämän diplomityön ensisijainen tarkoitus on virtausratkaisija FINFLOn numeerinen tarkastelu, verifiointi, vertaamalla tätä hiljattain julkaistussa artikkelissa verifioituihin muihin ratkaisijoihin. Työ sisältää myös lyhyen validointitutkimuksen eli laskennallisten tulosten vertailun kokeellisiin. Verifiointia ja validointia pohjustetaan käymällä läpi käytetyn turbulenssimallinnuksen perusta sekä jatkuvien yhtälöiden likimääräinen ratkaisu numeerisin menetelmin. Verifiointitutkimus paljasti joitain odottamattomia seikkoja eri turbulenssimalleista ja tietokoneen pyöristysvirheestä. Korjausten jälkeen FINFLOn todettiin lopulta käyttäytyvän samoin kuin vertailuohjelmistojen, kasvattaen näiden kaikkien luotettavuutta. Validointi sujui yllätyksettömämmin, osoittaen käytettyjen turbulenssimallien soveltuvuuden rajat.
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- 2017
28. Determining wind loads for large vertical lift fabric doors
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Siikonen, Timo, Insinööritieteiden korkeakoulu, Tuhkuri, Jukka, Rajamäki, Mika, Siikonen, Timo, Insinööritieteiden korkeakoulu, Tuhkuri, Jukka, and Rajamäki, Mika
- Abstract
The purpose of this thesis was to research how wind loads are determined for large vertical lift fabric doors. The work focuses mainly on the European standard and its use, even though other standards are mentioned. For this thesis an Excel-program was made for a purpose of calculating wind loads using the European norm 1991-1-4. Process for calculating the wind loads and the theory behind it are in this written part of the thesis. In the beginning of this thesis the theory of the wind is described and what a wind means as physical and meteorological phenomena. After this a method how to define the wind load analytically is presented. Then the available standards are described. First how the wind load calculation is handled in the European standard 1991-1-4 and after that we quickly go through the same process in the American standard ASCE 7-10. Next the Excel-program that was created for the purpose of calculating wind loads is described. Last it is time to sum up on what was made in this thesis and how the work could be further improved. Using a different standard gives acceptable results when compared to experimental methods. However, results can vary noticeably between different standards. This means that designing large vertical lift fabric doors is not optimised if different standards are used. It could be possible that using computational fluid dynamics the optimisation could be better but this is a subject for a next research topic., Tämän diplomityön tarkoituksena oli tutkia, kuinka suurten kangasnosto-ovien tuulikuormia määritetään. Työssä keskityttiin enimmäkseen eurooppalaiseen normistoon ja sen käyttöön, vaikka muitakin standardeja sivuttiin. Työssä kehitettiin excel-ohjelma tuulikuormien laskentaan eurooppalaisen normin 1991-14 mukaan. Tässä kirjallisessa työssä käsitellään tuulikuormien laskentatapaa ja teoriaa. Diplomityön aluksi käsitellään tuulta fysikaalisena ja meteorologisena ilmiönä. Tämän jälkeen käydään läpi hieman tuulen määrittelyn analyyttista puolta ja käsittelemme standardeja. Ensimmäiseksi kuvaillaan tuulikuorman määrittelyä eurooppalaisessa standardissa 1991-1-4 ja sen jälkeen lyhyesti amerikkalaista ASCE 7-10 -standardia. Seuraava käydään läpi excel-ohjelmaa, joka tehtiin tuulikuormien laskentaa varten. Tämän jälkeen pohditaan sitä, mitä saatiin aikaan ja miten ohjelmaa voisi edelleen kehittää. Eri standardien käyttö tuulikuormien käytössä antaa hyväksyttäviä tuloksia verrattuna kokeellisesti saatuihin. Eri standardien välillä voi kuitenkin olla niin huomattavia eroja tuloksissa, ettei suurten kangasnosto-ovien suunnittelu ole täysin optimoitua, kun käytetään standardeja. Mahdollisesti käyttämällä laskennallista virtausmekaniikkaa voitaisiin suunnittelua kehittää paremmaksi. Tämä jää kuitenkin seuraavaksi tutkimusaiheeksi.
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- 2017
29. The MetNet vehicle
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University of Helsinki, Department of Physics, Harri, Ari-Matti, Pichkadze, Konstantin, Zeleny, Lev, Vazquez, Luis, Schmidt, Walter, Alexashkin, Sergey, Korablev, Oleg, Guerrero, Hector, Heilimo, Jyri, Uspensky, Mikhail, Finchenko, Valery, Linkin, Vyacheslav, Arruego, Ignacio, Genzer, Maria, Lipatov, Alexander, Polkko, Jouni, Paton, Mark, Savijärvi, Hannu, Haukka, Harri, Siili, Tero, Khovanskov, Vladimir, Ostesko, Boris, Poroshin, Andrey, Diaz-Michelena, Marina, Siikonen, Timo, Palin, Matti, Vorontsov, Viktor, Polyakov, Alexander, Valero, Francisco, Kemppinen, Osku, Leinonen, Jussi, Romero, Pilar, University of Helsinki, Department of Physics, Harri, Ari-Matti, Pichkadze, Konstantin, Zeleny, Lev, Vazquez, Luis, Schmidt, Walter, Alexashkin, Sergey, Korablev, Oleg, Guerrero, Hector, Heilimo, Jyri, Uspensky, Mikhail, Finchenko, Valery, Linkin, Vyacheslav, Arruego, Ignacio, Genzer, Maria, Lipatov, Alexander, Polkko, Jouni, Paton, Mark, Savijärvi, Hannu, Haukka, Harri, Siili, Tero, Khovanskov, Vladimir, Ostesko, Boris, Poroshin, Andrey, Diaz-Michelena, Marina, Siikonen, Timo, Palin, Matti, Vorontsov, Viktor, Polyakov, Alexander, Valero, Francisco, Kemppinen, Osku, Leinonen, Jussi, and Romero, Pilar
- Abstract
Investigations of global and related local phenomena on Mars such as atmospheric circulation patterns, boundary layer phenomena, water, dust and climatological cycles and investigations of the planetary interior would benefit from simultaneous, distributed in situ measurements. Practically, such an observation network would require low-mass landers, with a high packing density, so a large number of landers could be delivered to Mars with the minimum number of launchers. The Mars Network Lander (MetNet Lander; MNL), a small semi-hard lander/penetrator design with a payload mass fraction of approximately 17 %, has been developed, tested and prototyped. The MNL features an innovative Entry, Descent and Landing System (EDLS) that is based on inflatable structures. The EDLS is capable of decelerating the lander from interplanetary transfer trajectories down to a surface impact speed of 50-70 ms(-1) with a deceleration of <500 g for <20 ms. The total mass of the prototype design is approximate to 24 kg, with approximate to 4 kg of mass available for the payload. The EDLS is designed to orient the penetrator for a vertical impact. As the payload bay will be embedded in the surface materials, the bay's temperature excursions will be much less than if it were fully exposed on the Martian surface, allowing a reduction in the amount of thermal insulation and savings on mass. The MNL is well suited for delivering meteorological and atmospheric instruments to the Martian surface. The payload concept also enables the use of other environmental instruments. The small size and low mass of a MNL makes it ideally suited for piggy-backing on larger spacecraft. MNLs are designed primarily for use as surface networks but could also be used as pathfinders for high-value landed missions.
- Published
- 2017
30. Improved Solid-Wall Boundary Treatment in Low-Reynolds-Number Turbulence Models
- Author
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Rautaheimo, Patrik and Siikonen, Timo
- Subjects
Reynolds number -- Research ,Turbulence -- Research ,Equations -- Research ,Simulation methods -- Research ,Aerospace and defense industries ,Business - Abstract
For a low-Reynolds-number turbulence model, the boundary layer is solved accurately next to the solid boundaries. Generally, it is required that there is a sufficient number of computational points in a viscous sublayer. In this work the effect of the height of the first cell next to the solid surfaces is studied. Modifications to the momentum equation, to the energy equation, and also to the k-[element of] model that reduces the number of grid points needed in the viscous sublayer for an accurate result are suggested. It is shown that the accuracy of the simulation is enhanced when the proposed modifications are applied. For a coarse grid the stability is increased as well.
- Published
- 2001
31. The MetNet vehicle: a lander to deploy environmental stations for local and global investigations of Mars
- Author
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Harri, Ari-Matti, primary, Pichkadze, Konstantin, additional, Zeleny, Lev, additional, Vazquez, Luis, additional, Schmidt, Walter, additional, Alexashkin, Sergey, additional, Korablev, Oleg, additional, Guerrero, Hector, additional, Heilimo, Jyri, additional, Uspensky, Mikhail, additional, Finchenko, Valery, additional, Linkin, Vyacheslav, additional, Arruego, Ignacio, additional, Genzer, Maria, additional, Lipatov, Alexander, additional, Polkko, Jouni, additional, Paton, Mark, additional, Savijärvi, Hannu, additional, Haukka, Harri, additional, Siili, Tero, additional, Khovanskov, Vladimir, additional, Ostesko, Boris, additional, Poroshin, Andrey, additional, Diaz-Michelena, Marina, additional, Siikonen, Timo, additional, Palin, Matti, additional, Vorontsov, Viktor, additional, Polyakov, Alexander, additional, Valero, Francisco, additional, Kemppinen, Osku, additional, Leinonen, Jussi, additional, and Romero, Pilar, additional
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. One-Equation Turbulence Model Based on k/e
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Rahman, Mizanur, primary, Vuorinen, Ville, additional, Agarwal, Ramesh K., additional, Larmi, Martti, additional, and Siikonen, Timo, additional
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Azipod flow analysis in oblique flow conditions with potential flow methods
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Siikonen, Timo, Korsström, Andrei, Insinööritieteiden korkeakoulu, Tuhkuri, Jukka, Tuulio, Mikko, Siikonen, Timo, Korsström, Andrei, Insinööritieteiden korkeakoulu, Tuhkuri, Jukka, and Tuulio, Mikko
- Abstract
The subject of this master thesis is hydrodynamic forces effecting on an azimuthing thruster in oblique inflow. To calculate the forces two methods are developed. The first one is based on statistical data, propeller open water coefficients and a dynamic pressure. The second one uses a propeller blade element method, which is corrected with a propeller momentum theory in respect to generated thrust. The blade element method uses a panel method, which takes a flow separation into account. It was discovered, that it is possible to model hydrodynamic forces on the azimuthing thruster in an oblique flow with simple coefficients. The Blade element momentum method provided results, that compare poorly to the experimental data., Tämän diplomityön aiheena on ruoripotkuriin vinossa virtauksessa kohdistuvat hydrodynaamiset voimat. Ongelman laskemiseksi kehitetään kaksi menetelmää. Ensimmäinen perustuu tilastolliseen tietoon, potkurin avovesikäyriin ja dynaamiseen paineeseen. Toinen käyttää lapa elementtimenetelmää, jonka sisääntulovirtausta korjataan potkurin liikemäärä-menetelmällä potkurin työnnön suhteen. Lapa elementtimenetelmä hyödyntää paneelimenetelmää, jossa huomioidaan erikoistilanteena virtauksen irtoaminen. Työssä havaittiin, että on mahdollista kuvata hydrodynaamisia ruoripotkurin päävoimia vinovirtauksessa yksinkertaisilla kertoimilla. Lapaelementtimenetelmä antoi huonosti koetuloksia vastaavia tuloksia.
- Published
- 2016
34. Extension of a local correlation-based transition model in OpenFOAM
- Author
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Siikonen, Timo, Rahman, Mizanur, Insinööritieteiden korkeakoulu, Tuhkuri, Jukka, Kruljevic, Boris, Siikonen, Timo, Rahman, Mizanur, Insinööritieteiden korkeakoulu, Tuhkuri, Jukka, and Kruljevic, Boris
- Abstract
Depending on the flow regimes, which can be laminar or turbulent, important characteristics of the flow can differ quite significantly. The ability to predict which regime will take place is important in many engineering applications of fluid mechanics. In order to predict transition, most often numerical methods have to be used or a branch of fluid mechanics, known as computational fluid dynamics (CFD). The problem with many transition models, is that the use of non-local variables is needed, such as following certain quantities along streamlines, which makes it difficult to use such models for general CFD codes, where the computation of non-local variables is problematic. In this work, a local correlation-based model is employed, which avoids the deficiencies of these previous transition models. The model is not based on physics, but empirical correlations. Since many factors affect transition, the original model did not include all of them. It is the aim of this thesis to extend the transition model, already implemented in the software OpenFOAM, to include crossflow- and roughness-induced transition prediction capabilities, which were found in different publications. The model which included the roughness extension was tested on flat plate cases, with zero-, favorable- and adverse-pressure gradients. The crossflow-extended model, was tested on the Onera M6 wing, at different angles of attack. Although the results are promising and the models show a correct behaviour, there was no very close agreement in different cases for both roughness- and crossflow-extended models. The reason could be the manner in which the transition model was implemented in OpenFOAM.
- Published
- 2016
35. Development of a One-Equation Turbulence Model based on Epsilon-Equation
- Author
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Rahman, Mizanur, primary, Agarwal, Ramesh K., additional, and Siikonen, Timo, additional
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Simulation of HVAC flow noise sources with an exit vent as an example
- Author
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Saarinen, Pekka, primary and Siikonen, Timo, additional
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
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37. Eddy vorticity in cavitating tip vortices modelled by different turbulence models using the RANS approach
- Author
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Tuomas Sipilä, Antonio Sanchez-Caja, Siikonen, Timo L., Oñate, E., Oliver, J., and Huerta, A.
- Subjects
tip vortex ,turbulence models ,cavitation ,propellers ,ships - Abstract
VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland and Aalto University have been investigating numerical simulation of cavitating propellers. Special emphasis is placed on the simulation of cavitating tip vortices. The simulations are performed with the k-ε, SST k-ω and EARSM turbulence models in wetted and cavitating conditions. The calculations are performed in uniform inflow. The propeller performance characteristics and the wake velocities in the wetted conditions were compared to the measurements. Additionally, the simulated cavitation extent on the propeller was compared to the measurements. Good correlation between the tests and simulations were found. The turbulence models gave significant differences to the tip vortex core solutions in wetted and cavitating conditions. The k-ε model gave high non-dimensional Reynolds stresses both in wetted and cavitating conditions. The anisotropic EARSM model gave the lowest Reynolds stresses in the wetted conditions in the vortex core. In cavitating conditions the SST k-ω and EARSM models gave very low Reynolds stresses to the vaporous vortex core.
- Published
- 2014
38. OpenFOAM CFD-solver for nuclear safety related flow simulations (NUFOAM)
- Author
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Peltola, Juho, Ala-Juusela, Juhaveikko, Brockmann, Tomas, Ekström, Karoliina, Niemi, Jarto, Patel, Giteshkumar, Pättikangas, Timo, Siikonen, Timo, Tanskanen, Vesa, and Toppila, Timo
- Published
- 2013
39. FINFLO RANS-predictions for propeller performance
- Author
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Sipilä, Tuomas, Siikonen, Timo, and Saisto, Ilkka
- Subjects
cavitation ,RANS ,propeller - Abstract
Performance of the PTTC propeller has been investigated numerically according to the instructions given in the Propeller performance -workshop of the SMP'11 symposium. The calculations have been performed by the RANS equation solver FINFLO. The workshop tasks included a prediction of the propeller open water curves, the propeller wake field, and the cavitation behavior at three different operation points. The model experiments were made for a validation of the calculations at the SVA Potsdam towing tank and the cavitation tunnel. The propeller wake field was captured reasonably but a denser grid should be created in order to reach a better grid convergence. The influence of a turbulence model should also be investigated. The cavitation predictions show a qualitatively reasonable behavior
- Published
- 2011
40. OpenFOAMr CFD-solver for Nuclear Safety Related Flow Simulations (NuFoam):NuFoam summary report
- Author
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Peltola, Juho, Pättikangas, Timo, Brockmann, Thomas, Siikonen, Timo, Toppila, Timo, and Brandt, Tellervo
- Abstract
A validation plan for utilization of an open source OpenFOAMr CFD-library in nuclear safety application has been created. The single phase solvers have been tested by taking part in a blind OECD/NEA benchmark. Near-wall treatment of selected turbulence models and wall heat transfer were validated in turbulent pipe flow with coupled heat transfer. Available two-phase solvers have been evaluated, enhanced for simulation of bubbly flows and tested.
- Published
- 2011
41. An Explicit Scheme for One–Dimensional Resin Filling
- Author
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Md Mizanur Rahman and Siikonen, Timo
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
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42. A Modified One-Equation Turbulence Model Based on Turbulent Kinetic Energy Equation
- Author
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Rahman, Mizanur M., primary, Agarwal, Ramesh K., additional, and Siikonen, Timo, additional
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Analysis of aerodynamic stability of the MetNet entry and descent vehicle with FINFLO simulations
- Author
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Siikonen, Timo, Harri, Ari-Matti, Insinööritieteiden korkeakoulu, Tuhkuri, Jukka, Palin, Matti, Siikonen, Timo, Harri, Ari-Matti, Insinööritieteiden korkeakoulu, Tuhkuri, Jukka, and Palin, Matti
- Abstract
This Master's Thesis investigates the aerodynamic stability of the MetNet Mars atmospheric entry and descent vehicle, developed in cooperation between the Finnish Meteorological Institute (FMI) and the Lavochin Association (LA). The purpose of the study is performing Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations and obtaining the pertinent aerodynamic coefficients for the vehicle in the landing phase to Mars. The results are compared with the values obtained by LA, the most important feature being the aerodynamic stability of the vehicle. In this work, only the static stability is assessed. The simulations were performed with an inhouse FINFLO software. Before the simulations, an atmospheric model of Mars was created. Some initial trajectory calculations were made in order to have approximate values for the combinations of the Reynolds and Mach numbers that the vehicle will experience during the landing. These initial trajectory calculations also provided a condition for the mesh creation. A coarse and a dense calculation meshes were created with 1.4 and 7 million cells, respectively. The SST k-ω turbulence model was used and the results were tabulated in a form of dimensionless coeffcients. Apart from the lift coeffcient, the values differ to some extent from the LA's results. However, the general trends lead to the same conclusions: the drag coeffcient is more than suffcient to ensure the designed landing speed and the negative slope of the pitching moment coeffcient indicates static stability for the vehicle. Some heat load analyses were also carried out. Unfortunately, the simulations converged only up to Ma = 1,9 and no results were obtained at larger velocities. The thermal analyses show that heating of the vehicle is highly dependent on the Mach number, and for these reasons it would be advisable to perform more simulations for the vehicle., Tässä diplomityössä tutkitaan Ilmatieteen Laitoksen ja Lavochin Associationin (LA) kehittämän Mars MetNet-laskeutujan aerodynaamista vakavuutta käyttäen laskennallista virtausmekaniikkaa. Tavoitteena on ratkaista relevantit aerodynaamiset kertoimet laskeutumisvaiheen aikana Marsiin. Tuloksia verrataan LA:n saamiin arvoihin ja tärkeimpänä tutkittavana ominaisuutena on aerodynaaminen vakavuus. Työssä tutkitaan vain staattista aerodynaamista stabiiliutta. Laskentaan käytettiin FINFLO-ohjelmaa. Marsin kaasukehästä luotiin malli ennen simulaatioita. Lisäksi tehtiin ratalaskelmia laskeutujan laskeutumisvaiheen aikana kokemien Reynoldsin luvun ja Machin luvun arvojen saamiseksi. Ratalaskelmat tuottivat myös ehdon, joka auttoi laskentaverkon luomisessa. Laskentaa varten luotiin harva ja tiheä laskentaverkko, joissa oli 1,4 ja 7 miljoonaa laskentakoppia. Turbulenssin kuvaukseen käytettiin SST k-ω-mallia ja tulokset taulukoitiin dimensiottomassa kerroinmuodossa. Nostovoimakerrointa lukuun ottamatta tulokset erosivat jonkin verran LA:n saamista arvoista. Tuloksista voidaan kuitenkin tehdä sama päätelmä: laskeutujan vastuskerroin on enemmän kuin riittävä suunniteltuun laskeutumisnopeuteen nähden ja pituusmomenttikertoimen negatiivinen kulmakerroin osoittaa laskeutujan olevan staattisesti stabiili. Laskenta ei kuitenkaan konvergoitunut suuremmilla Machin luvuilla kuin Ma = 1,9 eikä tuloksia saatu tätä suuremmilla nopeuksilla. Lämpötarkastelut osoittivat lisäksi laskeutujan pintalämpötilan olevan voimakkaasti riippuvainen Machin luvusta ja näistä syistä laskeutujalle suositellaan suoritettavan lisää simulaatioita.
- Published
- 2015
44. Wall-modeling for large eddy simulation of rotating flows
- Author
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Bodart, Julien, Insinööritieteiden korkeakoulu, Siikonen, Timo, Loppi, Niki, Bodart, Julien, Insinööritieteiden korkeakoulu, Siikonen, Timo, and Loppi, Niki
- Abstract
Flows affected by system rotation are common phenomena in engineering applications as well as in nature. The coordinate transformation into a rotating frame introduces two fictitious accelerations: the Coriolis acceleration and the centrifugal acceleration, which need to be included in the simulation. In this thesis, a spanwise rotating turbulent channel flow is studied through Large Eddy Simulations (LES). LES is a numerical modeling approach which is based on the decomposition of the turbulence spectrum into dynamically important large scales and homogeneous small scales. In LES, the large scales are resolved directly, while the effects of small-scales are modeled. In turbulent shear flows, the dynamically important scales are highly proportional to the Reynolds number within the inner boundary layer, which causes LES to be almost as expensive as Direct Numerical Simulation. By modeling the inner layer approximately, it is possible to bypass the very strict requirements of wall-resolved LES. In this thesis, firstly, the DNS case by Kristoffersen & Anderson [1] is reproduced to validate the implemented Coriolis source terms. After, a database for the wall-model analysis is established by performing wall-resolved high Reynolds number simulations with three different rotation rates. The wall-modeling approach by Kawai & Larsson [2] is then tested through an a priori analysis in which a standalone wall model is applied to wall-resolved results. Based on these results, a rotation correction, which adapts to the stability effects resulting from the system rotation, is proposed. Finally, this new rotation corrected wall-model is validated by performing a Wall-Modeled Large Eddy Simulation (WMLES). The WMLES results were found to be in good agreement with the wall-resolved data., Pyörivät virtaukset ovat tavallisia niin teknisissä käytännön sovellutuksissa kuin luonnossakin. Koordinaatiston muunnos pyörivään koordinaatistoon synnyttää kaksi näennäiskiihtyvyyttä; Coriolis-kiihtyvyyden ja keskipakoiskiihtyvyyden, jotka tulee otta huomioon pyörivien virtausten simuloinnissa. Tässä diplomityössä tutkimme poikkisuuntaisesti pyörivää turbulenttia kanavavirtausta suurten pyörteiden menetelmällä (LES). LES on numeerinen mallinnusmenetelmä, joka perustuu turbulenssispektrin jakamiseen dynaamisesti tärkeisiin suuriin skaaloihin ja homogeenisiin pieniin skaaloihin. LES menetelmässä suuret skaalat ratkaistaan suoraan, kun taas pienet skaalat mallinnetaan. Seinämävirtauksien yhteydessä suuret skaalat ovat voimakkaasti verranollisia Reynoldsin lukuun sisemmässä rajakerroksessa, mikä tekee LES:in melkein yhtä raskaaksi kuin suoran simuloinnin (DNS). Mallintamalla tämä sisempi rajakerros approksimatiivisesti voimme välttyä seinämaratkaistun LES:in suurilta vaatimuksilta. Tämä diplomityö aloitetaan toistamalla Kristoffersen & Anderssonin [1] DNS simulointi implementoidun Coriolis-lähdetermin validoimiseksi. Tämän jälkeen suoritetaan suuren Reynoldsin luvun seinämäratkaistuja simulointeja kolmella eri pyörimisnopeudella kerätäksemme tietoa seinämämallianalyysia varten. Seinämämallianalyysissa Kawai & Larssonin [2] ehdottamaa mallinnusmenetelmää testataan itsenäisellä seinämämalliohjelmalla, joka käyttää hyväkseen edellä laskettuja tuloksia. Analyysilla saatujen tulosten perusteella ehdotetaan pyörimiskorjaus, joka ottaa huomioon pyörimisestä aiheutuvat stabiliteettimuutokset. Lopuksi tämä pyörimiskorjattu seinämämalli validoidaan suorittamalla simulointi, jossa seinämämalli toimii osana ratkaisua. Seinämämallinnetun simuloinnin tulosten huomattiin vastaavan hyvin seinämäratkaistuja tuloksia.
- Published
- 2015
45. A simulation of a subcooled nucleate boiling in a pipe with openfoam
- Author
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Siikonen, Timo, Universitat Politècnica de València. Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Industriales - Escola Tècnica Superior d'Enginyers Industrials, Roda Guillem, Cristian, Siikonen, Timo, Universitat Politècnica de València. Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Industriales - Escola Tècnica Superior d'Enginyers Industrials, and Roda Guillem, Cristian
- Abstract
Proyecto confidencial (Riunet)
- Published
- 2015
46. Numerical simulation of airflow and temperature fields around an occupant in indoor environment
- Author
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Taghinia, Javad, primary, Rahman, Md Mizanur, additional, and Siikonen, Timo, additional
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. An Improved Version of One-Equation RAS Turbulence Model
- Author
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Rahman, Mizanur, primary, Agarwal, Ramesh K., additional, Lampinen, Markku, additional, and Siikonen, Timo, additional
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Fluid–Structure Interaction with Low-Re Turbulence Model
- Author
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Md Mizanur Rahman and Siikonen, Timo
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Wall - Distance - Free Modifications to Spalart - Allmaras Turbulence Model
- Author
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Rahman, Mizanur, primary, Agarwal, Ramesh K., additional, Lampinen, Markku, additional, and Siikonen, Timo, additional
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Analysis of multi-propeller marine applications by means of computational fluid dynamics
- Author
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Rauti, Timo, Insinööritieteiden korkeakoulu, Siikonen, Timo, Turunen, Tuomas, Rauti, Timo, Insinööritieteiden korkeakoulu, Siikonen, Timo, and Turunen, Tuomas
- Abstract
Työssä tarkastellaan laskentamenetelmiä, joiden avulla voidaan analysoida useampipotkurisia meritekniikan laitteita. Tavoitteena on luoda laskentatyökalu, jolla voidaan parantaa olemassa olevia laitteita ja arvioida uusien konseptien suorituskykyä ja siten suunnitella hyötysuhteeltaan nykyistä parempia tuotteita. Ensiksi käydään läpi tällä hetkellä saatavilla olevia laskentamenetelmiä ja arvioidaan niiden soveltuvuutta kirjallisuustutkimuksen avulla. Potkurin pyöriminen mallinnetaan MRF-menetelmällä sekä pyörivän hilan menetelmällä, jossa hilan eri osat on erotettu niin sanotulla liukuvalla pinnalla. Turbulenssi mallinnetaan RANS-tyyppisellä kaksiyhtälömallilla SST k-omega. Teoria, johon laskentamenetelmät perustuvat, käydään läpi ja mallien toimivuutta tutkitaan vertaamalla laskettuja tuloksia mittauksiin. Vertailutapauksia on kaksi. Ensimmäisessä tapauksessa on yksi potkuri avovesiolosuhteissa ja toisessa tapauksessa yksikkö, johon kuuluu vastakkain pyörivä potkuri (CRP). Laskenta tehdään avoimen lähdekoodin virtaussimulointiohjelmistolla OpenFOAM-2.2.x, jossa sovelletaan esitettyjä laskentamenetelmiä. Kaikki käytetyt menetelmät toimivat yksittäin, mutta edelleen tarvitaan jatkotutkimuksia, jotta saavutettaisiin tavoiteltu laskentatyökalu useampipotkuristen laitteiden analysoimiseen.
- Published
- 2014
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