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Background: Pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) promote metastasis as well as local growth of pancreatic cancer. However, the factors mediating the effect of PSCs on pancreatic cancer cells have not been clearly identified.Methods: We used a modified Boyden chamber assay as an in vitro model to investigate the role of PSCs in migration of Panc1 and UlaPaCa cells and to identify the underlying mechanisms.Results: PSC supernatant (PSC-SN) dose-dependently induced the trans-migration of Panc1 and UlaPaCa cells, mainly via haptokinesis and haptotaxis, respectively. In contrast to poly-L-lysine or fibronectin, collagen I resembled PSC-SN with respect to its effect on cancer cell behaviours, including polarised morphology, facilitated adhesion, accelerated motility and stimulated trans-migration. Blocking antibodies against integrin α2/β1 subunits significantly attenuated PSC-SN- or collagen I-promoted cell trans-migration and adhesion. Moreover, both PSC-SN and collagen I induced the formation of F-actin and focal adhesions in cells, which was consistent with the constantly enhanced phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK, Tyr397). Inhibition of FAK function by an inhibitor or small interference RNAs significantly diminished the effect of PSC-SN or collagen I on haptotaxis/haptokinesis of pancreatic cancer cells.Conclusion: Collagen I is the major mediator for PSC-SN-induced haptokinesis of Panc1 and haptotaxis of UlaPaCa by activating FAK signalling via binding to integrin α2β1. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Despite its existence for more than 40 years, the TEM method has not become widespread. The main reasons are the high acquisition costs, the sophisticated technology and alternative procedures (especially radical resection procedures), which provide greater oncological safety. However, avoiding major abdominal surgery with the creation of a stoma and higher complication rates can outweigh the higher risk of recurrence for some patients. We examined the results using V-TEM with reduced acquisition costs in the resection of adenomas and carcinomas and discussed its importance by literature ., Method: From 2003 to 2019, 154 patients with 170 findings were operated by V-TEM technology. Data on the operation and follow-up were collected and analyzed retrospectively., Results: The median age was 67 years, 89 patients were male and 65 female. V-TEM was performed on 79 carcinomas, 77 adenomas and 14 other findings. The complication rate was 21.2 %. R0 resection was achieved in 78.8 %. The adenoma recurrence rate was 7.3 %, the overall recurrence rate for carcinomas 11.9 %, local recurrences were observed in 6.8 %. The disease-specific survival is 100 % at 5 years and 94.2 % at ten years., Discussion: The successful use of TEM in adenomas and early carcinomas is undisputed. When treating carcinomas from a T1 high risk stage using TEM, recurrence rates higher than 10 % must be expected. Better results can be achieved with radical procedures, this is why they are considered the therapy of choice in these cases. However, there are no differences in terms of survival rates and TEM offers proven better postoperative quality of life. In particular, the combination of neoadjuvant procedures with TEM delivered promising results in more advanced stages. Further studies on TEM and the possibility of lower acquisition costs through modification to V-TEM could make the method more popular in the future., Competing Interests: Die Autorinnen/Autoren geben an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht., (Thieme. All rights reserved.)

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the frequency and severity of new onset of diabetes mellitus (NODM) and pancreatic exocrine insufficiency (PEI) after pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) for benign and malignant tumors., Summary Background Data: When PD is performed on patients for benign tumors, the question of long-term metabolic dysfunctions becomes of importance., Methods: Medline/PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library were searched for articles reporting results of measuring endocrine and exocrine pancreatic functions after PD. The methodological quality of 19 studies was assessed by means of the Newcastle-Ottawa scale and Moga-Score. The mean weighted overall percentages of NODM and PEI after PD were calculated with a 95% confidence interval (CI)., Results: Of 1295 patients, data valid-for-efficacy-analysis are based on 845 patients measuring pancreatic endocrine and on 964 patients determining exocrine functions after PD. The cumulative incidence of NODM was 40 of 275 patients (14.5%; 95% CI: 10.3-18.7) in the benign tumor group, 25 of 161 (15.5%; 95% CI: 9.9-21.2) in the malignant tumor group, and 91 of 409 patients (22.2%; 95% CI: 18.2-26.3) in the benign and malignant tumor group. Comparing the frequency of NODM after PD revealed significant differences between the groups (benign vs benign and malignant P < 0.0121; malignant vs benign and malignant P < 0.0017). Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency was found in the benign tumor group in 76 of 301 patients (25.2%; 95% CI: 20.3-30.7) and in the malignant tumor group in 80 of 163 patients (49.1%, 95% CI: 41.4-56.8) (P < 0.0001)., Conclusion: The results of a significant increase of NODM after PD for benign and malignant tumors and a significant decrease of exocrine functions contribute to a rational weighting of metabolic long-term risks following PD.