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Background: The transmission of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (CPE) in the external environment, especially through food, presents a significant public health risk., Objectives: To investigate the prevalence and genetic characteristics of CPE in food markets of Dhaka, Bangladesh, using WGS., Methods: CPE isolates were obtained from different food and water samples collected from food markets in the southern part of Dhaka, Bangladesh. The isolates subsequently underwent molecular typing, WGS employing both short- and long-read sequencers, and plasmid analysis., Results: This study unveiled an extensive spread of CPE, with no significant difference in contamination rates observed in samples ( N  = 136), including meat ( n  = 8), fish ( n  = 5), vegetables ( n  = 36) or various food-washed water ( n  = 65) from markets near hospitals or residential areas. Thirty-eight Enterobacterales from 33 samples carried carbapenemase genes ( bla NDM-1, -4, -7 , bla KPC-2 , bla OXA-181 or bla IMI-1 ). Among these, the high-risk Escherichia coli ST410 clone was the most prevalent and distributed across various locations. Furthermore, the identification of IncHI2 plasmids co-harbouring resistance genes like bla NDM-5 and mcr-1.1 , without discernible epidemiological connections, is a unique finding, suggesting their widespread dissemination., Conclusions: The analysis unveils a dynamic landscape of CPE dissemination in food markets, underscored by the proliferation of novel IncHI2 hybrid plasmids carrying both colistin- and carbapenem-resistance genes. This illuminates the ever-evolving landscape of antimicrobial resistance in Dhaka, urging us to confront its emergent challenges., (© The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy.)

Objectives: We aimed to estimate the prevalence of reported symptoms and comorbidities, and investigate the factors associated with age of the SARS-CoV-2 infected patients., Methods: We performed a systematic review with meta-analysis (PROSPERO registration: CRD42020182677) where the databases (PubMed, SCOPUS, EMBASE, WHO, Semantic Scholar, and COVID-19 Primer) were searched for clinical studies published from January to April, 2020. Initially, the pooled prevalence of symptoms and comorbidity of COVID-19 patients were estimated using random effect model and the age -related factors were identified performing multivariate analysis [factor analysis]., Results: Twenty-nine articles with 4,884 COVID-19 patients were included in this study. Altogether, we found 33 symptoms and 44 comorbidities where the most frequent 19 symptoms and 11 comorbidities were included in the meta-analysis. The fever (84%), cough/dry cough (61%), and fatigue/weakness (42%) were found more prevalent while acute respiratory distress syndrome, hypertension and diabetes were the most prevalent comorbid condition. The factor analysis showed positive association between a cluster of symptoms and comorbidities with patients' age. The symptoms comprising fever, dyspnea/shortness of breath, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, dizziness, anorexia and pharyngalgia; and the comorbidities including diabetes, hypertension, coronary heart disease, COPD/lung disease and ARDS were the factors positively associated with COVID-19 patient's age., Conclusion: As an unique effort, this study found a group of symptoms (fever, dyspnea/shortness of breath, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, dizziness, anorexia and pharyngalgia) and comorbidities (diabetes, hypertension, coronary heart disease, COPD/lung disease and ARDS), associated with the age of COVID-19 infected patients., Competing Interests: Conflict of interest statement The authors declare no conflict of interest., (©2021 Pacini Editore SRL, Pisa, Italy.)