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Since the concrete material has been eliminated from the locations situated around the middle of the cross-sections of Bubble Decks (BDs), the BD-type slabs are lighter than the traditional slabs. In the recent researches, Response Modification Factor (RMF) is generally determined for Reinforced Concrete (RC) structures with Moment-Resisting Frame (MRF) and dual systems. The dual system mainly comprises MRF with Shear Wall (MRFSW) and flat slab chiefly with BD system. In this study, evaluation of the RMF values of RC structures using BD system was the main concern. The obtained results indicated that lateral strength of buildings increased by increasing the span length to story height ratio (L=H). Besides, the variations of span length and the number of stories had more significant effects than the variation of usage category of building on the RMFs of structures. Furthermore, the effect of span length was greater than that of the number of stories in determining RMF of an MRF. Finally, amongst the buildings with dual system structures incorporating MRFSW, the low-rise building structures had an RMF equal to 5 and both the mid-rise and high-rise building structures had an RMF of 7. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Spirulina platensis is an edible microalga with high protein content (60-70%). Presently, there is a rising interest to evaluate in vitro cytotoxic effect of edible protein after hydrolysis by the gastric protease. Unfortunately, despite widespread researches about the health effect of hydrolyzed proteins in dairy products, very few studies are available in the field of marine microalgae protein. Therefore, this research was aimed to investigate anticancer and antibacterial effects of the dominant protein of S. platensis after hydrolyzed by Trypsin and Chymotrypsin enzymes on Human colon adenocarcinoma cell and Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus -22 kDa protein and its derived peptides decrease bacterial growth and <3kDa peptide fraction was able to significantly reduced SW480 cell viability. Based on this study, we can conclude that Spirulina plantesis is a potential protein source in the future industrial production of functional peptides. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In arid and semi-arid regions of the world bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) yield is highly limited due to late season heat stress, mostly occurring during the reproductive phase. Hence the current study was conducted to evaluate the effect of late season heat stress on grain yield and yield components of 20 spring bread wheat cultivars. For this purpose, a stripe block experiment including four sowing dates (6th of November, 6th of December, 5th of January and 4th of February) as vertical plots and 20 cultivars in horizontal plots was implemented with three replicates in North-East of Ahwaz, Khuzestan, Iran during 2007-2008 and 2008-2009 growing seasons. The results indicated that the main effect of year, sowing date, cultivar and interaction between sowing date and cultivar were significant for all studied traits. However, no significant interaction was found between year and other factors. Comparison of means showed that grain yield in the second year was higher than the first year. The maximum and minimum values (6.048 ton ha-1 and 1.754 ton ha-1) were obtained when seed sowing was performed on 6th of November and 4th of February, respectively. The maximum grain yield (5.019 ton ha-1) was related to Atila cultivar whereas the minimum yield (3.662 ton ha-1) was obtained from Inia 66 cultivar. In general, the maximum and minimum grain yields were produced by Atila cultivar sown on 6th of December and Seri82 and Roshan sown on 4th of February, respectively. The results suggest that Arvand, Vee/Nac, Atila and Baiat cultivars as heat tolerant cultivars and Roshan, Hamoon, Seri82, Star, Inia66 and Darab2 as susceptible cultivars may be used in heat tolerance studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this research was to study the structural equation modeling of the relation between organizational support and readiness for establishing the suggestion system among University of Isfahan personnel. Statistical population of the study were all the personnel at University of Isfahan who were employed in 1388-89 consisting 884 personal from among which 196 employees were randomly selected as the statistical sample. Data was collected by using two questionnaires: 1) researchers made questionnaire for suggestion system consisting of 42 items for personal, managerial, structural, and cultural readiness; and 2) Eisenberg Organizational Support Questionnaire (1986). Reliabilities for both questionnaires were calculated using Chronbach coefficient and were 0.83 and 0.89 respectively. Research findings showed that organizational support has a direct effect on readiness establishing suggestion system (ß=0.96), and organizational support has indirect effects on individual readiness of personnel (ß =0.68), managerial readiness (ß =0.81), structural readiness (ß =0.80), and cultural readiness (ß= 0.78, p =0.0001). The finding from structural equation modeling revealed that there are significant effects between organizational support and readiness establishing suggestion system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Objectives: The Magnetotactic bacterium Magnetospirillum gryphiswaldense (MSR-1) mineralizes the magnetite (Fe3O4) crystals and organizes a highly ordered intracellular structure, called the magnetosome. Iron transport system supports the biogenesis of magnetite. Although iron is an essential trace element for many metabolic pathways of the body, increase or decrease in iron will cause many diseases. Mice were infected by MSR-1 to study survival of bacteria in mice when injected by different routes. The aim of this study was to investigate whether bacterial magnetite formation could take up Fe2+ ions from the blood an animal model. Materials and Methods: In this study, MSR-1 at a dose lower than LD50 in 200 µl volume of PBS buffer was injected as intravascular (i.v), peritoneal (i.p) and subcutaneous (s.c) in mice. Number of viable bacterial was determined in organs such as liver, spleen and lymph node by measuring colony-forming unit (CFU). Moreover, serum iron level was evaluated by using commercial kits. Results and Conclusion: According to CFU measurements, after 96 hours, mice can clear MSR-1 from their body with different routes of injection. We have also shown that MSR-1 bacteria can affect the blood iron level in mice. The serum iron level decreased from control level in the first 24 h after i.v injection (P < 0.05). Our research on optimizing the biological magnetic system is still continuing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]