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A 7-year-old boy was misdiagnosed as having contact dermatitis due to itching and redness of the eyelids. Later, with the assistance of a slit lamp, active pubic lice on the eyelid margin were discovered. Microorganisms and insect eggs were mechanically removed, and itching and redness symptoms complete disappeared after 1 week. [J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. 2024;61(2)e13–e15.] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To evaluate the impact of high-risk optic disc (HROD) on central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) in patients with metabolic disorder(s)., Design: Retrospective case-control study., Methods: A case-control study involving CRVO patients with metabolic disorder(s) was performed. PART I . All eligible patients with CRVO were included in CRVO group, and a similar number of patients with metabolic disorder(s) without CRVO were matched by sex, age and blood glucose level in the non-CRVO group. Various parameters were compared between groups. The impact of risk factors associated with CRVO was presented as odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI). PART II . All eyes with CRVO that underwent intravitreal treatment (IVT) with a follow-up duration of ≥1 year were divided into non-HROD and HROD groups, and the differences between the two groups were compared., Results: In PART I , a total of 45 and 63 eyes were enrolled in the CRVO and non-CRVO groups, respectively, with a significant statistical difference in HROD (51.16% vs 26.98%, p = 0.010) between them. In further multivariate regression analysis, HROD was the independent risk factor for CRVO (OR = 5.036, 95% CI 1.847-13.729, p = 0.002). In PART II , demographic, follow-up information, treatment, and prognosis showed no significant statistical difference between the two groups (all p > 0.05)., Conclusion: HROD was likely to be an independent risk factor for CRVO occurrence in patients with metabolic disorder(s), but it did not affect the treatment and prognosis of CRVO eyes with HROD., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2024 Si, Lin, Guo, Chen and Ji.)

Background: By observing and comparing the morphological and functional differences of the ophthalmic artery (OA) in patients with ocular vascular accidents (OVAs) due to iatrogenic embolism or non-iatrogenic occlusion, we propose a classification system based on the characteristics of OA on invasive digital subtraction angiography (DSA)., Methods: All patients undergoing ophthalmic arterial DSA within 1 week after the OVAs between January 2017 and December 2021 were enrolled and divided into different types, and the differences between iatrogenic embolism and non-iatrogenic occlusion categories were compared., Results: A total of 27 eyes of 27 patients were included in this study. Based on the results of carotid/intracranial arterial DSA, the morphological and functional abnormalities of OA with OVAs can be divided into five types. The proportion of males (7.14%), ocular ischemic syndrome (OIS) (0.00%) and neovascular glaucoma (NVG) (0.00%) in the iatrogenic embolism category was significantly lower than that (84.62, 61.54, and 69.23%, respectively) of the non-iatrogenic occlusion category ( p  < 0.001, p  = 0.001, p  < 0.001, respectively). However, the proportion of no light perception (NLP) (100%), anterior segment ischemia (ASI) (71.43%), and orbital involvement (ophthalmoplegia and ptosis, 42.86%) eventually occurring in the former was significantly greater than that in the latter (23.08, 0.00, 0.00%, respectively) ( p  < 0.001, p  < 0.001, p  = 0.010, respectively)., Conclusion: Ocular vascular accidents can be divided into five types based on the characteristics of OA on DSA., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2024 Zhao, Ji, Xu, Su and Si.)

Background: Cosmetic filler injection can cause a variety of eye complications; however, there is currently no good way to evaluate injury severity and prognosis. By analyzing the injury manifestations of severe ocular complications following cosmetic filler injection and their prognosis, we propose a new injury severity scale., Methods: Twenty-two eyes of 22 patients experiencing ocular complications following cosmetic filler injection were followed for 6 months to observe injury characteristics, manifestations and prognosis. Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), intraocular pressure (IOP), split lamp microscopy, fundus photography, optical coherence tomography (OCT), and fundus fluorescein angiography were examined at the onset and follow-up visits., Results: According to the immediate BCVA at the time of injury (with the presence or absence of brain infarction), a new injury severity scale was proposed, namely, Grades 1-4. Grade 1 (4 patients) and Grade 2 (2 patients) tended to have no atrophy of the globe. Grade 3 (12 patients) and Grade 4 (4 patients) were more likely to develop atrophy of the globe (4/12 patients and 2/4 patients, respectively) at the last follow-up. Grade 3 and Grade 4 were more likely to be complicated with ophthalmoplegia and ptosis (7/16 patients)., Conclusions: The new injury severity scale we proposed can determine the prognosis of different ocular complications following cosmetic filler injection. Accordingly, we can inform injured patients regarding the possibility of phthisis bulbi and the extent of improvement of visual impairment, ophthalmoplegia, ptosis and stroke., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest., (© 2022 The Author(s). Published by IMR Press.)