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The publications aboutA total of 1,478 published documents were analyzed. Annual publication number grew from 1 in 2004 to 336 in 2021, with China being the leading producer (33.36%). De Vos, Willem M was the most productive author with the highest H-index (documents = 56, H-index = 37), followed by Cani, Patrice D (documents = 35, H-index = 25). And Scientific Reports published the most papers.Over time, the scope of the research on the clinical uses of

Introduction Demodex and bacteria are both components of the ocular surface micro-ecology, constituting a complex interaction. This study aims to explore how ocular surface Demodex infestation (DI) affects ocular surface microbial communities and diversity. Methods We recruited 255 subjects, and examined the correlation between ocular surface mite infestation and clinical indicators such as age, blood glucose level, dry eye symptoms, and blood pressure. 16S rRNA sequencing was performed on the conjunctival swab samples of 14 patients with ocular DI (P group) and 17 healthy people (N group). For further analysis, the subjects were divided into four subgroups, i.e. N-NMGD (n = 11), N-MGD (n = 6), P-NMGD (n = 6), and P-MGD (n = 8), according to meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) or no MGD (NMGD). Results There was no difference in the α-diversity of ocular surface microbial communities between the DI and healthy control groups. In linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe), there were more Acinetobacter, Novosphingobium, and Anoxybacillus in the DI group and fewer Novosphingobium, Lactobacillus, and Candidatus Microthrix in the healthy control group. P-NMGD had more Thermaceae and fewer Pseudomonas than P-MGD. There were more Bacteroidetes in N-NMGD than in N-MGD. The α-diversity of P-NMGD was lower than that of N-NMGD (Shannon index, P = 0.027). At the same time, the α-diversity of N-MGD was lower than that of N-NMGD (Shannon, Simpson, and dominance index, P = 0.048). There was no significant difference in β-diversity or in the primary flora at the phylum and genus levels between groups and subgroups. Conclusion DI had no significant effect on the diversity of ocular surface microbial communities. DI primarily changed the dominant flora and relative abundance of ocular surface microbial communities. MGD may play an important role in this process.

Despite advances in treatment, an effective therapeutic strategy for acute kidney injury (AKI) is still lacking. Considering the widely reported clinical benefits of canagliflozin in the kidneys, we assessed the effects of canagliflozin on AKI.Lipopolysaccharide was used to induce AKI in the presence of canagliflozin.Canagliflozin treatment reduced blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine levels and improved the renal tubular structure in mice with lipopolysaccharide-induced septic AKI. Canagliflozin also suppressed the inflammatory response, oxidative stress and tubular cell death in the kidneys during septic AKI. In vitro, canagliflozin supplementation maintained mitochondrial function in lipopolysaccharide-treated HK-2 cells by restoring the mitochondrial membrane potential, inhibiting mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production and normalizing mitochondrial respiratory complex activity. In HK-2 cells, canagliflozin stimulated the adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha 1 (AMPKα1)/peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator 1 alpha (PGC1α)/nuclear respiratory factor 1 (NRF1) pathway, thus elevating the number of live and healthy mitochondria following lipopolysaccharide treatment. Inhibition of the AMPKα1/PGC1α/NRF1/mitochondrial biogenesis pathway abolished the protective effects of canagliflozin on renal cell mitochondria and tubular viability. Similarly, the protective effects of canagliflozin on kidney function and tubular structure were abrogated in AMPKα1-knockout mice.Canagliflozin could be used to treat septic AKI by activating the AMPKα1/PGC1α/NRF1/mitochondrial biogenesis pathway.

Purpose Prevention of ocular surface (OS) Demodex infestation plays an important role in OS hygiene and variety of factors may be associated with it, in which diabetes mellitus (DM) or dry eye disease (DED) has caught the attention of most scholars. However, there has been no research on whether there was a potential interaction between DM and DED in the process of OS Demodex infestation. This cross-sectional study was implemented in Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University. Methods Ophthalmologic interviews, questionnaires, and examinations were conducted. Factors including general information, DM status, dry eye condition, etc. were collected to study the correlation of DM and DED on OS Demodex infestation. Results After statistical analysis, we found that both DM (P P = 0.013 R = 0.197, P R = 0.299, P P Conclusion This study provides a new evidence-based basis for clinical prevention and management of OS Demodex infestation.

At 06:34 CST on November 18, 2017, an M s6.9 earthquake struck Mainling prefecture, Nyingchi City, Tibet. The earthquake occurred at the frontier zone of collision and subduction in the eastern Himalayan syntaxis, a region of persistently strong compression between India and Eurasia. To monitor aftershock activity, the Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, installed 28 broadband seismic stations around the epicentral area and obtained 180 days of seismic observation data. The average spacing between stations was approximately 5 km, which yielded good coverage of the source area and enriched the seismic data for the Eastern Himalayan syntaxis. In this paper, the hypodense events are refined by the hypoDD double-difference seismic location method and the local tomography software (LOTOS-12), an algorithm for seismic location and velocity structure imaging joint inversion. The hypoDD seismic localization method uses waveform cross-correlation technology to achieve positioning using the minimum residuals of the actual and theoretical travel times of two earthquakes. It is widely used for close-range earthquakes and is suitable for regional earthquake research; the LOTOS algorithm is more appropriate for velocity structure inversion in regions with significant differences in physical properties. The results show that the aftershock zone is approximately 50 km long and 30 km wide and trends NW-SE. According to the aftershock distribution, three active faults are basically consistent with the strike of the Xixingla fault zone. These active fractures are similar in shape and have a NE dip direction, and the dip angles of the active faults gradually become steeper from NW to SE. Under the continuous NE thrusting action of the Namche Barwa syntaxis, the three secondary fractures have undergone bending deformation. This deformation is associated with the adjustment mode of the eastern Himalayan syntaxis where the Indian plate continues to push Eurasia northward. At the same time, combining these results with those of the LOTOS-12 algorithm, the distribution of the Pg wave and Sg wave velocity disturbance in the shallow crust (20 km) and the wave speed ratio ( V p/ V s) are obtained. The main shock was located in an abnormal transition zone of body wave velocity, and the aftershocks mostly occurred in the negative anomaly zone for P wave and S wave velocities, which reflects the characteristics of stratigraphic fractures and faults in the area with concentrated earthquakes. We suggest that this area should be avoided in the future when construction of engineering facilities is required north of Namche Barwa Peak. Overall, with Namche Barwa Peak as the boundary, the P wave and the S wave are generally characterized by high-speed anomalies in the north and low-speed anomalies in the south. This phenomenon may be related to the geological structure and petrophysical properties in this area, as the lithologies of the Lhasa terrane are old and cold; meanwhile, the metamorphic body in the south and the Namche Barwa syntaxis are relatively broken, the ages of rock formation are relatively young, and the lithologies are relatively hot and soft. In addition, high-speed P wave anomalies in the northwestern part of Namche Barwa Peak may be related to enrichment in garnet minerals in this area. The higher wave velocity ratio on the southwest side of the epicentral area, the lower P wave velocity on the right side of profile 1–1′ and the P wave on the left side of profile 2–2′ may be related to the fragmentation of the terrain in this area and the development of valley glaciers. The area where the wave velocity ratio is relatively large may also be related to the upwelling of asthenospheric and lithospheric material in the deep mantle.

Aim To analyse the expression of lncRNA-ANRIL and other related factors in different human body fluids, explore the clinical significance of ANRIL and validate whether ANRIL is interrelated with the renin–angiotensin system and NF-κB signalling pathway. Methods Ninety-one patients were included in this cross-sectional study and were divided into the NDM group (20 patients), DM group (25 patients), NPDR group (21 patients) and PDR group (25 patients). Basic information and samples of serum, aqueous fluid and vitreous fluid were collected before vitrectomy or intravitreal injection. The transcription and levels of ANRIL and other related factors were detected by RT-PCR and ELISA. Statistical Package for Social Sciences software was used for statistical analysis. Results ANRIL expression varied among different groups and body fluids. There was no difference in ANRIL expression between the NDM and DM groups, but the level of ANRIL was significantly lower in the DM group than in the NPDR and PDR group. In vitreous fluid, ANRIL expression was positively correlated with Ang II, p65 and VEGF expression in the PDR group. The expression of ANRIL in serum was not significantly correlated with age or the random blood sugar but was positively correlated with diabetic duration and HbAc1 level. Conclusions Levels of lncRNA-ANRIL are higher in DR patient and correlated with the progression of DR that may be used as an indicator to predict the development of DR. The activation of the RAS and the NF-κB pathway may be closely related to the upregulation of ANRIL. Clinical trial number ChiCTR1800017500. Registry Chinese Clinical Trial Registry.

A comprehensive geophysical profile stretching northward from near Tianchi (on the southern margin of the Junggar Basin) to Zalat (near the northern margin of the Junggar Basin) was carried out in an attempt to probe the basement structure and properties of the eastern Junggar Basin, NW China. Along the profile the seismically-converted waves were used to determine the P- and S-wave velocity structures of the crust and uppermost mantle. A joint inversion of gravitational and magnetic data was also performed along the profile to acquire the density and magnetic intensity. The results revealed that the crust of the eastern Junggar Basin is composed of the upper, middle and lower layers. In particular, deformation mainly occurs within the middle crust, a process which has affected the crustal thickness. The middle crust, with a relatively low velocity and low density, changes laterally. It thins at its center but thickens at both ends of the profile. The crystalline crust along the profile is structurally convex, with some thrust faults, indicating that it has experienced a strong north-south compression. Combining geological and geochemical data, we found that the eastern Junggar Basin comprises the Manas Terrane in the south and the Ulungu Terrane in the north, separated by the Dishuiquan-Sangequan Suture Zone (DSSZ). The Ulungu Terrane has a double-layered basement: the upper layer is a Hercynian folded basement; the lower is a crystalline basement of Mid-Late Proterozoic age. The Manas Terrane has a single-layered crystalline basement. The north-south compression causes the eastern Junggar Basin’s convex structure and the consequent subduction southward beneath the Northern Tianshan Orogenic Belt, giving rise to a rapid uplift of the Bogda Mountains and the frequent occurrences of major earthquakes. Based on the observations of the 2D velocity structure beneath the eastern Junggar Basin, the 2D density structure and 2D geomagnetic intensity structure are also observed. Combining these observations with geological and geochemical data, we assume that the eastern Junggar Basin has an oceanic basement, but with some small micro-continental blocks. In addition, basic to ultra-basic rocks from the uppermost mantle may have squeezed into the crust through the deep faults and mixed with the crustal material already there, leading to the relatively thin crust, as well as its high seismic velocity, high density and high magnetic intensity.

A comprehensive geophysical profile stretching from Qingyijing at the southern edge of the Junggar Basin to Ubara on the northern margin of the Junggar Basin was conducted in an attempt to probe the crustal structure of the western Junggar Basin (hereafter referred to simply as ‘the Basin’), and, in particular, the structure and property of the Basin’s crystalline basement. A survey using seismically converted waves was conducted along this profile to determine the characteristics of the P- and S-wave velocities typical of the crust and uppermost mantle. A joint inversion of gravitation and aeromagnetic data was also performed to acquire the density and magnetization intensity values found beneath the western Basin. This research revealed that the Basin is composed of the so-called Manasi terrain in the south, and the Wulungu terrain in the north. Their boundary is located along the WNW-trending Dishuiquan-Sangequan suture, linking the NE-striking Da’erbute suture (DS) in the west, and the WNW-trending Kalameili suture (KS) in the east. In its northern part, the Wulungu-type terrain has a double-layered basement, of which the upper layer is a folded basement of Hercynian orogenic origin, and the lower layer is a crystalline basement of Middle-Upper Proterozoic age. The southern part of the Basin, i.e., the Manasi terrain, has a single-layered crystalline basement. The folded basement here is too thin to be clearly distinguished.

We present detailed lithospheric images of the NE Tibetan Plateau by applying the depthmigration technique toSreceiver functions derived from 113 broadband stations. Our migrated imagesindicate that the lithosphere‐asthenosphere boundary (LAB) lies at depths of 105–120 km beneath the Qilianterrane and reaches depths of 126–140 km below the Alxa and Ordos blocks. The most prominent variationin the LAB depth is the presence of LAB steps of no less than 20 km in the transition zone between theactive NE Tibetan Plateau and the surrounding cratonic Alxa and Ordos blocks, which conflicts with themodel of southward subduction of the Alxa and Ordos blocks. Furthermore, the marked LAB steps occur at130 ± 10 km away from the southern surficial boundary faults between the NE Tibetan Plateau and thesurrounding tectonic provinces, corresponding to the North Qilian fault and the Liupanshan fault,respectively. Therefore, we propose that these scenarios of LAB can be attributed to the delamination offragmented mantle lithosphere in the transition zone between the NE Tibetan Plateau and the surroundingAlxa and Ordos blocks, triggered by lateral asthenosphericflow. In addition, our observations of a thinlithosphere with thickness of 107–115 km beneath the Songpan‐Ganzi terrane and the west Qinlin orogengreatly facilitate the process of underlying lateral asthenosphericflow. The isostatic uplift of the plateaucaused by the delamination of fragmented mantle lithosphere, together with increased horizontalcompressive stress, may have led to the outward growth of the NE Tibetan Plateau.

rRNA gene high-throughput sequencing was performed in the conjunctival swab samples to investigate the composition of the OS bacterial community in DE (n=35) and NDE (n=54) and compared the composition of MGD (n=25) and NMGD (n=10) among DE subjects. Deep sequencing of OS 16S rDNA from DE (n=35) and NDE (n=54) demonstrated great a difference in alpha and beta diversity between the OS bacterial flora (P0.05). The similar OS microbial structures were shown at the phylum and genus levels by bioinformatics analysis between them, and in LEfSe (linear discriminant analysis effect size) analysis, Bacteroidia and Bacteroidetes were enriched in DE, while Pseudomonas was plentiful in NDE (linear discriminant analysis [LDA]4.0). Among the DE group, there was no significant difference in α and β diversity between MGD and NMGD (P0.05). Surprisingly, Bacilli was the dominant microbe in MGD, and Bacteroidetes was the superior bacteria in NMGD among DE subjects (LDA4.0). Different diversity of OS bacteria composition between DE and NDE and the altered diversity of OS bacteria may play an important role in DE. Moreover, the lower dominance of OS bacteria in DE may be associated with the occurrence and development of DE. Although there was no significant difference in alpha and beta analysis, the OS dominant microbe between MGD and NMGD among DE was different.