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The article analyzes the literature data characterizing modern concepts of the mechanisms of muscle fatigue and metabolic features of recovery processes after exhausting loads. The significance of transient hyperammonium in the formation of the developed complex of fatigue manifestations in the central and peripheral links of motor units, its pathogenetic links with oxygen debt, lactacidosis, violation of ATP resynthesis, deficiency of energy-supplying substrates in working skeletal muscles, damage to muscle fibre structures, and dysfunction of various parts of the CNS is shown. The necessity of correction of hyperammoniemia associated with physical activity has been confirmed to reduce the speed of formation and expression of fatigue feeling, to reduce the risks of development of fatigue and overtraining states in sportsmen and to ensure effective course of recovery processes after exhausting physical activity. It was revealed that ornithine-containing preparations can be used for correction of post-load hyperammonium and acceleration of recovery processes. The data characterizing the high efficiency of L-ornitine-L-aspartate in sports medicine practice are presented.

Heating humans up to rectal temperature 39.0-39.5 degrees C induces a heat stress and a physiological adaptation. Blood cells were found to produce nitric oxide under these conditions, neutrophiles playing a major role in the process. In our opinion, the HSC 70 takes part in the process of the long cell adaptation augmenting the cells' functional activity. Hyperthermia leads to a massive temporal HSP 72 expression in the blood mononuclears. This expression seems to be due to alterations in the cellular proteins and to oxidative stress.

It is experimentally demonstrated for the first time that the new drugs bemithyl, etomerzol, and yakton are capable of accelerating the process of liver regeneration following partial hepatectomy. The drugs produce a hasty gain in the mass of liver, increase in the content of nucleic acids and glycogen, and improve the functional state, as manifested by a decrease in the blood bilirubin and a reduction in the hexenal sleep duration. Bemithyl, etomerzol, and yakton produce a positive effect upon the liver morphology and the intracellular regeneration process. The repair activity of the new drugs exceeds that of a combination of the well-known regeneration stimulants riboxin and potassium orotate, representing derivatives of purine and pyrimidine bases.

Depending on the type of autonomous regulation, differences in basic levels of interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha) were revealed under conditions of hyperthermia in healthy subjects aged 19-21. A parasympathetic type of autonomous regulation corresponded to higher initial levels of proinflammatory cytokinesis, whereas a dominating sympathetic type corresponded to lower levels of the IL-1 beta and TNF alpha. The subjects with the latter type of regulation revealed an increase in the IL-1 beta TNF alpha combined with a higher heat tolerance. The subjects with the former type of regulation revealed a lower heat tolerance. The increase in the alpha2-macroglobulin appeared to be a most typical acute phase response of the human body to hyperthermia.

The study of sympathetic skin response (SSR) was performed both in 30 healthy volunteers either in rest or after pharmacological preparations administration (reserpine, sydnocarb, gammalone) and in 48 patients with autonomic disfunction, syringomyelia, polyneuropathy. It was determined that two processes were presented in SSR structure, exactly: the first one which included I and III phases and was bound with trophotropic functions and the second process which was presented by II phase only and reflected the activity of ergotropic functions. The latent period of SSR reflected the tonus of the sympathetic nervous system. It was established that SSR changed regularly in the nervous systems diseases studied: thus, increase or decrease of the latent period as well as of the amplitudes of SSR phases were observed in autonomic disfunction while depression or absence of SSR took place in syringomyelia or polyneuropathies. The data obtained testified the results of the other authors about possibility of SSR usage for diagnosis of both central and peripheric autonomic disturbances.

In the article the rules about etiology and pathogenesis of vegetative paroxysms are stated based on careful analysis of the publications of researches as Russian, so foreign authors, and also own experimental and clinical supervision. During experimental and clinical researches the modern methods were used, enabling to estimate from positions of the system analysis different parts of pathogenesis of vegetative paroxysms, and also to offer ways of differential diagnostics of the various forms of disease. The application of some new preparations and direction of therapy of vegetative paroxysms are substantiated, and also the various circuits of treatment of the patients with distinguishing forms of given pathology are motivated.