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Abstract Background There is currently no consensus on the surgical treatment of lumbar spondylolysis in young adults, and the nonunion rate remains relatively high even after surgery. Therefore, in this study, we proposed a modified intravertebral screw-rod fixation technique within a single vertebral segment and investigated the clinical efficacy of this modified fixation system combined with autologous cancellous bone grafting in the treatment of lumbar spondylolysis in young adults. Methods This study included 28 young adults with lumbar spondylolysis who were treated at our center between 2021 and 2023. All patients underwent modified intravertebral screw-rod fixation within a single vertebral segment combined with autologous cancellous bone grafting. We performed postoperative follow-ups regularly to assess the patient’s pain status using the visual analog scale (VAS), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), and radiological findings. Results All 28 patients successfully underwent the surgery with an average operation time and blood loss volume of 96.01 ± 21.3 min and 186.78 ± 63.43 mL, respectively. Postoperatively, patients experienced significant symptom relief, with notable decreases in VAS scores and ODI indices at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months compared with preoperative conditions. These differences were statistically significant (P

Abstract Although it is generally recognized that symptom clusters and quality of life are related, major ambiguity arises from the difficulty in determining their causal relationship. The present study aimed to investigate longitudinal causal relationships between symptom clusters and quality of life. 128 patients with rectal cancer from Nanchong City, Sichuan Province who underwent laparoscopic anus-preserving surgery completed 4 follow-up visits, and the survey time point are 2 weeks after surgery (T1), 1 month after surgery (T2), 3 months after surgery (T3), and 6 months after surgery (T4). We used the Anderson Gastrointestinal Cancer Symptom Assessment Scale and the Colorectal Cancer Quality of Life Measurement Scale to evaluate the patient’s symptom incidence, symptom severity, and quality of life at four time points respectively. After extracting symptom clusters by symptom, we constructed A four-wave cross-lagged model analyzed the causal relationship between symptom clusters and quality of life. Our research results show that the patients with rectal cancer treated by laparoscopic anus-preserving surgery have four symptom clusters during the 6 months after surgery, which are named sickness symptom cluster, gastrointestinal symptom cluster, psychological-sleep symptom cluster and Psycho-therapy related symptom clusters. Pearson correlation analysis showed that symptom clusters and quality of life were negatively correlated. The cross-lagged path effect coefficient shows that the impact of quality of life on symptom clusters is stronger than the impact of symptom clusters on quality of life (β = − 0.164 to − 0.713, P

In order to improve the control accuracy and synchronous performance of the multi-motor control system, this paper proposes an optimal position collaborative control strategy for dual permanent magnet synchronous motor system. Firstly, based on the mathematical model of permanent magnet synchronous motor, an incremental predictive model is established to suppress constant and slow time-varying disturbances caused by changes in rotational inertia and load torque. Afterwards, the predicted compensation amount after multi-step prediction is obtained by minimizing the cost function which contains the synchronous error and tracking error simultaneously, and compensated to the given current loop in advance without changing the original dual motor system structure. Then the controllability and observability of the system are analyzed, and it can be proved that the system is asymptotically stable based on the optimal control theory. Secondly, considering the constraints such as maximum voltage and current limits, the optimal solution under the constraints is output to obtain the reference currents iq1 and iq2. Finally, it is demonstrated through the experiments that the proposed control strategy can achieve advance prediction compensation control of synchronous error, and the dynamic response speed is improved, while ensuring its steady-state performance remains unchanged.

Abstract Purpose We aimed to develop and evaluate a new diagnostic method, the 'chicken-wing muscle up test', to improve the accuracy of diagnosis of glenolabral articular disruption (GLAD) lesions compared to currently used clinical tests for injuries to the labrum. Methods Preoperative evaluations were conducted on 85 patients undergoing arthroscopic surgery at a single center between July 2021 to July 2022. The diagnostic performance of the preoperative clinical examinations (chicken-wing muscle up test, O'Brien test, crank test, and O'Driscoll test) were validated against the findings of arthroscopic examinations. Results 12 of the 85 patients in this study had arthroscopically confirmed GLAD lesions. The chicken-wing muscle up test demonstrated significantly higher sensitivity (83.33%) for GLAD lesions than the O'Brien test (33.33%), but not the crank test (50.00%) or O'Driscoll test (25.00%), and significantly higher specificity (95.89%) than the O'Brien test (75.34%), crank test (82.19%), and O'Driscoll test (71.23%). The chicken-wing muscle up test had the largest area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC = 0.896, P 0.05; crank test AUC = 0.661, P > 0.05; O'Brien test AUC = 0.481, P > 0.05), indicating significantly better diagnostic efficacy for GLAD lesions than the other three tests. Conclusions The chicken-wing muscle up test is a reliable diagnostic method that improves the accuracy of diagnosis of GLAD lesions.

Abstract Background Implant-related infections are a challenging complication of orthopedic surgery, primarily due to the formation of bacterial biofilms on the implant surface. An antibacterial coating for titanium implants was developed to provide novel insights into the prevention and treatment of implant-related infections. Methods Titanium plates were coated with TiO2 nanotubes by anodization, and iodine was doped onto the coating via electrophoretic deposition. The obtained plates were characterized using a range of analytical techniques. Subsequently, Staphylococcus aureus was inoculated onto the surfaces of untreated titanium plates (control group), TiO2-nanocoated titanium plates (TiO2 group), and iodine-doped TiO2-nanocoated titanium plates (I-TiO2 group) to compare their antibacterial properties. Results Twenty-four hour in vitro antimicrobial activity test of the I-TiO2 group against Staphylococcus aureus was superior to those of the other groups, and this difference was statistically significant (P

Cardiovascular and related metabolic diseases are significant global health challenges. Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) is a brain-gut peptide secreted by the ileal endocrine system and is now an established drug target in type 2 diabetes (T2DM). GLP-1 targeting agents have been shown not only to treat T2DM, but also to exert cardiovascular protective effects by regulating multiple signaling pathways. The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway, a common signal transduction pathway for transmitting extracellular signals to downstream effector molecules, is involved in regulating diverse cellular physiological processes, including cell proliferation, differentiation, stress, inflammation, functional synchronization, transformation, and apoptosis. The purpose of this review is to highlight the relationship between GLP-1 and cardiovascular disease (CVD) and discuss how GLP-1 exerts cardiovascular protective effects through the MAPK signaling pathway. This review also discusses the future challenges in fully characterizing and evaluating the CVD protective effects of GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA) at the cellular and molecular levels. A better understanding of the MAPK signaling pathway that is dysregulated in CVD may aid in the design and development of promising GLP-1RA. Key words: glucagon-like peptide 1, type 2 diabetes, mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway, cardiovascular disease. Les maladies cardiovasculaires et les maladies metaboliques qui y sont liees constituent des defisimportantsen sante dans le monde. Le peptide GLP-1 (glucagon-like peptide-1) est un peptide cerebral et intestinal secrete par les cellules endocrines ileales qui est maintenant une cible medicamenteuse etablie dans le diabete de type 2 (DT2). Les agents ciblant le GLP-1 se sont averes non seulement capables de traiter le DT2, mais aussi d'exercer des effets protecteurs cardiovasculaires en regulant de multiples voies de signalisation. La voie de la MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase), une voie de transduction du signal commune pour transmettre des signaux extracellulaires a des molecules effectrices en aval, est impliquee dans la regulation de divers processus physiologiques cellulaires, notamment la proliferation, la differenciation, le stress, l'inflammation, la synchronisation fonctionnelle, la transformation et l'apoptose. L'objectif de cette synthese est de mettre en evidence la relation entre le GLP-1 et les maladies cardiovasculaires (MCV), et de discuter de la facon dont le GLP-1 exerce des effets protecteurs cardiovasculaires par la voie de signalisation de la MAPK. Cette synthese aborde egalement les defis a venir dans la caracterisation et 1'evaluation completes des effets protecteurs contre les MCV d'agonistes du recepteur du GLP-1 (GLP-1RA) au niveau cellulaire et moleculaire. Une meilleure comprehension de la voie de signalisation MAPK qui est dereglee dans les MCV peut aider a la conception et au developpement de GLP-1RA prometteurs. [Traduit par la Redaction] Mots-cles: peptide GLP-1, diabete de type 2, voie de la MAPK, maladies cardiovasculaires., 1. Introduction Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of global mortality and is directly associated with atherosclerosis (AS). AS is characterized by the gradual development of chronic inflammation in [...]

Metabolic reprogramming is recognized as a hallmark of cancer, enabling cancer cells to acquire essential biomolecules for cell growth, often characterized by upregulated glycolysis and/or fatty acid synthesis-related genes. The transcription factor forkhead box M1 (FOXM1) has been implicated in various cancers, contributing significantly to their development, including colorectal cancer (CRC), a major global health concern. Despite FOXM1’s established role in cancer, its specific involvement in the Warburg effect and fatty acid biosynthesis in CRC remains unclear. We analyzed The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) Colonic Adenocarcinoma and Rectal Adenocarcinoma (COADREAD) datasets to derive the correlation of the expression levels between FOXM1 and multiple genes and the survival prognosis based on FOXM1 expression. Using two human CRC cell lines, HT29 and HCT116, we conducted RNAi or plasmid transfection procedures, followed by a series of assays, including RNA extraction, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, Western blot analysis, cell metabolic assay, glucose uptake assay, Oil Red O staining, cell viability assay, and immunofluorescence analysis. Higher expression levels of FOXM1 correlated with a poorer survival prognosis, and the expression of FOXM1 was positively correlated with glycolysis-related genes SLC2A1 and LDHA, de novo lipogenesis-related genes ACACA and FASN, and MYC. FOXM1 appeared to modulate AKT/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling, the expression of c-Myc, proteins related to glycolysis and fatty acid biosynthesis, and glucose uptake, as well as extracellular acidification rate in HT29 and HCT116 cells. In summary, FOXM1 plays a regulatory role in glycolysis, fatty acid biosynthesis, and cellular energy consumption, thereby influencing CRC cell growth and patient prognosis. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Transcription factor forkhead box M1 (FOXM1) regulates glycolysis, fatty acid biosynthesis, and cellular energy consumption, which, together, controls cell growth and patient prognosis in colorectal cancer (CRC). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Current liver magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) scans often require adjustments to driver amplitude to produce acceptable images. This could lead to time wastage and the potential loss of an opportunity to capture a high-quality image. Purpose: To construct a linear regression model of individualized driver amplitude to improve liver MRE image quality. Material and Methods: Data from 95 liver MRE scans of 61 participants, including abdominal missing volume ratio (AMVR), breath-holding status, the distance from the passive driver on the skin surface to the liver edge (Dd−l), body mass index (BMI), and lateral deflection of the passive driver with respect to the human sagittal plane (Angle α), were continuously collected. The Spearman correlation analysis and lasso regression were conducted to screen the independent variables. Multiple linear regression equations were developed to determine the optimal amplitude prediction model. Results: The optimal formula for linear regression models: driver amplitude (%) = −16.80 + 78.59 × AMVR − 11.12 × breath-holding (end of expiration = 1, end of inspiration = 0) + 3.16 × Dd−l + 1.94 × BMI + 0.34 × angle α, with the model passing the F test (F = 22.455, P <0.001) and R2 value of 0.558. Conclusion: The individualized amplitude prediction model based on AMVR, breath-holding status, Dd−l, BMI, and angle α is a valuable tool in liver MRE examination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]