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1. LegacyClimate 1.0: A dataset of pollen-based climate reconstructions from 2594 Northern Hemisphere sites covering the last 30kyr and beyond

Author

Herzschuh, U., Böhmer, T., Li, C., Chevalier, M., Hébert, R., Dallmeyer, A., Cao, X., Bigelow, N., Nazarova, L., Novenko, E., Park, J., Peyron, O., Rudaya, N., Schlütz, F., Shumilovskikh, L., Tarasov, P., Wang, Y., Wen, R., Xu, Q., and Zheng, Z.

Abstract

Here we describe the LegacyClimate 1.0, a dataset of the reconstruction of mean July temperature (TJuly), mean annual temperature (Tann), and annual precipitation (Pann) from 2594 fossil pollen records from the Northern Hemisphere spanning the entire Holocene with some records reaching back to the Last Glacial. Two reconstruction methods, the Modern Analogue Technique (MAT) and Weighted-Averaging Partial-Least Squares regression (WA-PLS) reveal similar results regarding spatial and temporal patterns. To reduce the impact of precipitation on temperature reconstruction and vice versa, we also provide reconstructions using tailored modern pollen data limiting the range of the corresponding other climate variables. We assess the reliability of the reconstructions using information from the spatial distributions of the root-mean squared error of prediction and reconstruction significance tests. The dataset is beneficial for climate proxy synthesis studies and to evaluate the output of climate models and thus help to improve the models themselves. We provide our compilation of reconstructed TJuly, Tann, and Pann as open-access datasets at PANGAEA (https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.930512; Herzschuh et al., 2021). R code for the reconstructions is provided at Zenodo (https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5910989; Herzschuh et al., 2022), including harmonized open-access modern and fossil datasets used for the reconstructions, so that customized reconstructions can be easily established.

Published
2023

2. Testing the Effect of Relative Pollen Productivity on the REVEALS Model: A Validated Reconstruction of Europe-Wide Holocene Vegetation

Author

Serge, M., primary, Mazier, F., additional, Fyfe, R., additional, Gaillard, M.-J., additional, Klein, T., additional, Lagnoux, A., additional, Galop, D., additional, Githumbi, E., additional, Mindrescu, M., additional, Nielsen, A., additional, Trondman, A.-K., additional, Poska, A., additional, Sugita, S., additional, Woodbridge, J., additional, Abel-Schaad, D., additional, Åkesson, C., additional, Alenius, T., additional, Ammann, B., additional, Andersen, S., additional, Anderson, R., additional, Andrič, M., additional, Balakauskas, L., additional, Barnekow, L., additional, Batalova, V., additional, Bergman, J., additional, Birks, H., additional, Björkman, L., additional, Bjune, A., additional, Borisova, O., additional, Broothaerts, N., additional, Carrion, J., additional, Caseldine, C., additional, Christiansen, J., additional, Cui, Q., additional, Currás, A., additional, Czerwiński, S., additional, David, R., additional, Davies, A., additional, De Jong, R., additional, Di Rita, F., additional, Dietre, B., additional, Dörfler, W., additional, Doyen, E., additional, Edwards, K., additional, Ejarque, A., additional, Endtmann, E., additional, Etienne, D., additional, Faure, E., additional, Feeser, I., additional, Feurdean, A., additional, Fischer, E., additional, Fletcher, W., additional, Franco-Múgica, F., additional, Fredh, E., additional, Froyd, C., additional, Garcés-Pastor, S., additional, García-Moreiras, I., additional, Gauthier, E., additional, Gil-Romera, G., additional, González-Sampériz, P., additional, Grant, M., additional, Grindean, R., additional, Haas, J., additional, Hannon, G., additional, Heather, A.-J., additional, Heikkilä, M., additional, Hjelle, K., additional, Jahns, S., additional, Jasiunas, N., additional, Jiménez-Moreno, G., additional, Jouffroy-Bapicot, I., additional, Kabailienė, M., additional, Kamerling, I., additional, Kangur, M., additional, Karpińska-Kołaczek, M., additional, Kasianova, A., additional, Kołaczek, P., additional, Lagerås, P., additional, Latalowa, M., additional, Lechterbeck, J., additional, Leroyer, C., additional, Leydet, M., additional, Lindbladh, M., additional, Lisitsyna, O., additional, López-Sáez, J.-A., additional, Lowe, John, additional, Luelmo-Lautenschlaeger, R., additional, Lukanina, E., additional, Macijauskaitė, L., additional, Magri, D., additional, Marguerie, D., additional, Marquer, L., additional, Martinez-Cortizas, A., additional, Mehl, I., additional, Mesa-Fernández, J., additional, Mighall, T., additional, Miola, A., additional, Miras, Y., additional, Morales-Molino, C., additional, Mrotzek, A., additional, Sobrino, C., additional, Odgaard, B., additional, Ozola, I., additional, Pérez-Díaz, S., additional, Pérez-Obiol, R., additional, Poggi, C., additional, Rego, P., additional, Ramos-Román, M., additional, Rasmussen, P., additional, Reille, M., additional, Rösch, M., additional, Ruffaldi, P., additional, Goni, M., additional, Savukynienė, N., additional, Schröder, T., additional, Schult, M., additional, Segerström, U., additional, Seppä, H., additional, Vives, G., additional, Shumilovskikh, L., additional, Smettan, H., additional, Stancikaite, M., additional, Stevenson, A., additional, Stivrins, N., additional, Tantau, I., additional, Theuerkauf, M., additional, Tonkov, S., additional, van der Knaap, W., additional, van Leeuwen, J., additional, Vecmane, E., additional, Verstraeten, G., additional, Veski, S., additional, Voigt, R., additional, Von Stedingk, H., additional, Waller, M., additional, Wiethold, J., additional, Willis, K., additional, Wolters, S., additional, and Zernitskaya, V., additional

Published
2023
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3. Testing the Effect of Relative Pollen Productivity on the REVEALS Model : A Validated Reconstruction of Europe-Wide Holocene Vegetation

Author

Serge, M. A., Mazier, F., Fyfe, R., Gaillard, Marie-José, Klein, T., Lagnoux, A., Galop, D., Githumbi, Esther, Mindrescu, M., Nielsen, A. B., Trondman, Anna-Kari, Poska, A., Sugita, S., Woodbridge, J., Abel-Schaad, D., Åkesson, C., Alenius, T., Ammann, B., Andersen, S. T., Scott Anderson, R., Andric, M., Balakauskas, L., Barnekow, L., Batalova, V., Bergman, J., Birks, H. John B., Björkman, L., Bjune, A. E., Borisova, O., Broothaerts, N., Carrion, J., Caseldine, C., Christiansen, J., Cui, Q., Curras, A., Czerwinski, S., David, R., Davies, A. L., De Jong, R., Di Rita, F., Dietre, B., Doerfler, W., Doyen, E., Edwards, K. J., Ejarque, A., Endtmann, E., Etienne, D., Faure, E., Feeser, I., Feurdean, A., Fischer, E., Fletcher, W., Franco-Mugica, F., Fredh, E. D., Froyd, C., Garces-Pastor, S., Garcia-Moreiras, I., Gauthier, E., Gil-Romera, G., Gonzalez-Samperiz, P., Grant, M. J., Grindean, R., Haas, J. N., Hannon, G., Heather, A. -J, Heikkilae, M., Hjelle, K., Jahns, S., Jasiunas, N., Jimenez-Moreno, G., Jouffroy-Bapicot, I., Kabailiene, M., Kamerling, I. M., Kangur, M., Karpinska-Kolaczek, M., Kasianova, A., Kolaczek, P., Lageras, P., Latalowa, M., Lechterbeck, J., Leroyer, C., Leydet, M., Lindbladh, M., Lisitsyna, O., Lopez-Saez, J. -A, Lowe, John, Luelmo-Lautenschlaeger, R., Lukanina, E., Macijauskaite, L., Magri, D., Marguerie, D., Marquer, L., Martinez-Cortizas, A., Mehl, I., Mesa-Fernandez, J. M., Mighall, T., Miola, A., Miras, Y., Morales-Molino, C., Mrotzek, A., Sobrino, C. Munoz, Odgaard, B., Ozola, I., Perez-Diaz, S., Perez-Obiol, R. P., Poggi, C., Rego, P. Ramil, Ramos-Roman, M. J., Rasmussen, P., Reille, M., Roesch, M., Ruffaldi, P., Goni, M. Sanchez, Savukyniene, N., Schroeder, T., Schult, M., Segerström, U., Seppae, H., Vives, G. Servera, Shumilovskikh, L., Smettan, H. W., Stancikaite, M., Stevenson, A. C., Stivrins, N., Tantau, I., Theuerkauf, M., Tonkov, S., van der Knaap, W. O., van Leeuwen, J. F. N., Vecmane, E., Verstraeten, G., Veski, S., Voigt, R., Von Stedingk, H., Waller, M. P., Wiethold, J., Willis, K. J., Wolters, S., Zernitskaya, V. P., Serge, M. A., Mazier, F., Fyfe, R., Gaillard, Marie-José, Klein, T., Lagnoux, A., Galop, D., Githumbi, Esther, Mindrescu, M., Nielsen, A. B., Trondman, Anna-Kari, Poska, A., Sugita, S., Woodbridge, J., Abel-Schaad, D., Åkesson, C., Alenius, T., Ammann, B., Andersen, S. T., Scott Anderson, R., Andric, M., Balakauskas, L., Barnekow, L., Batalova, V., Bergman, J., Birks, H. John B., Björkman, L., Bjune, A. E., Borisova, O., Broothaerts, N., Carrion, J., Caseldine, C., Christiansen, J., Cui, Q., Curras, A., Czerwinski, S., David, R., Davies, A. L., De Jong, R., Di Rita, F., Dietre, B., Doerfler, W., Doyen, E., Edwards, K. J., Ejarque, A., Endtmann, E., Etienne, D., Faure, E., Feeser, I., Feurdean, A., Fischer, E., Fletcher, W., Franco-Mugica, F., Fredh, E. D., Froyd, C., Garces-Pastor, S., Garcia-Moreiras, I., Gauthier, E., Gil-Romera, G., Gonzalez-Samperiz, P., Grant, M. J., Grindean, R., Haas, J. N., Hannon, G., Heather, A. -J, Heikkilae, M., Hjelle, K., Jahns, S., Jasiunas, N., Jimenez-Moreno, G., Jouffroy-Bapicot, I., Kabailiene, M., Kamerling, I. M., Kangur, M., Karpinska-Kolaczek, M., Kasianova, A., Kolaczek, P., Lageras, P., Latalowa, M., Lechterbeck, J., Leroyer, C., Leydet, M., Lindbladh, M., Lisitsyna, O., Lopez-Saez, J. -A, Lowe, John, Luelmo-Lautenschlaeger, R., Lukanina, E., Macijauskaite, L., Magri, D., Marguerie, D., Marquer, L., Martinez-Cortizas, A., Mehl, I., Mesa-Fernandez, J. M., Mighall, T., Miola, A., Miras, Y., Morales-Molino, C., Mrotzek, A., Sobrino, C. Munoz, Odgaard, B., Ozola, I., Perez-Diaz, S., Perez-Obiol, R. P., Poggi, C., Rego, P. Ramil, Ramos-Roman, M. J., Rasmussen, P., Reille, M., Roesch, M., Ruffaldi, P., Goni, M. Sanchez, Savukyniene, N., Schroeder, T., Schult, M., Segerström, U., Seppae, H., Vives, G. Servera, Shumilovskikh, L., Smettan, H. W., Stancikaite, M., Stevenson, A. C., Stivrins, N., Tantau, I., Theuerkauf, M., Tonkov, S., van der Knaap, W. O., van Leeuwen, J. F. N., Vecmane, E., Verstraeten, G., Veski, S., Voigt, R., Von Stedingk, H., Waller, M. P., Wiethold, J., Willis, K. J., Wolters, S., and Zernitskaya, V. P.

Abstract

Reliable quantitative vegetation reconstructions for Europe during the Holocene are crucial to improving our understanding of landscape dynamics, making it possible to assess the past effects of environmental variables and land-use change on ecosystems and biodiversity, and mitigating their effects in the future. We present here the most spatially extensive and temporally continuous pollen-based reconstructions of plant cover in Europe (at a spatial resolution of 1 degrees x 1 degrees) over the Holocene (last 11.7 ka BP) using the 'Regional Estimates of VEgetation Abundance from Large Sites' (REVEALS) model. This study has three main aims. First, to present the most accurate and reliable generation of REVEALS reconstructions across Europe so far. This has been achieved by including a larger number of pollen records compared to former analyses, in particular from the Mediterranean area. Second, to discuss methodological issues in the quantification of past land cover by using alternative datasets of relative pollen productivities (RPPs), one of the key input parameters of REVEALS, to test model sensitivity. Finally, to validate our reconstructions with the global forest change dataset. The results suggest that the RPPs.st1 (31 taxa) dataset is best suited to producing regional vegetation cover estimates for Europe. These reconstructions offer a long-term perspective providing unique possibilities to explore spatial-temporal changes in past land cover and biodiversity.

Published
2023
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4. Testing the Effect of Relative Pollen Productivity on the REVEALS Model: A Validated Reconstruction of Europe-Wide Holocene Vegetation

Author

European Commission, Serge, M. A., Mazier, F., Fyfe, R., Gaillard, M. J., Klein, T., Lagnoux, A., Galop, D., Githumbi, E., Mindrescu, M., Nielsen, A. B., Trondman, A. K., Barnekow, L., Batalova, V., Bergman, J., Birks, H. John B., Björkman, L., Bjune, A. E., Borisova, O., Broothaerts, N., Carrion, J., Caseldine, C., Grindean, R., Christiansen, J., Cui, Q., Currás, Andrés, Czerwiński, S., David, R., Davies, A. L., De Jong, R., Di Rita, F., Dietre, B., Dörfler, W., Haas, J. N., Doyen, E., Edwards, K. J., Ejarque, A., Endtmann, E., Etienne, D., Faure, E., Feeser, I., Feurdean, A., Fischer, E., Fletcher, W., Hannon, G., Franco-Múgica, F., Fredh, E. D., Froyd, C., Garcés-Pastor, S., García-Moreiras, I., Gauthier, E., Gil-Romera, Graciela, González-Sampériz, Penélope, Grant, M. J., Heather, A. J., Heikkilä, M., Hjelle, K., Jahns, S., Jasiunas, N., Jiménez-Moreno, G., Jouffroy-Bapicot, I., Sobrino, C. Muñoz, Kabailienė, M., Kamerling, I. M., Kangur, M., Karpińska-Kołaczek, M., Kasianova, A., Kołaczek, P., Lagerås, P., Latalowa, M., Lechterbeck, J., Leroyer, C., Odgaard, B., Leydet, M., Lindbladh, M., Lisitsyna, O., López Sáez, José Antonio, Lowe, John, Luelmo Lautenschlaeger, Reyes, Lukanina, E., Macijauskaitė, L., Magri, D., Marguerie, D., Ozola, I., Marquer, L., Martínez Cortizas, Antonio, Mehl, I., Mesa-Fernández, J. M., Mighall, Tim, Miola, A., Miras, Y., Morales-Molino, C., Mrotzek, A., Pérez-Díaz, S., Pérez-Obiol, R. P., Poggi, C., Rego, P. Ramil, Ramos-Román, M. J., Rasmussen, P., Reille, M., Poska, A., Rösch, M., Ruffaldi, P., Goni, M. Sánchez, Savukynienė, N., Schröder, T., Schult, M., Segerström, U., Seppä, H., Vives, G. Servera, Shumilovskikh, L., Sugita, S., Smettan, H. W., Stancikaite, M., Stevenson, A. C., Stivrins, N., Tantau, I., Theuerkauf, M., Tonkov, S., van der Knaap, W. O., van Leeuwen, J. F. N., Vecmane, E., Woodbridge, J., Verstraeten, G., Veski, S., Voigt, R., Von Stedingk, H., Waller, M. P., Wiethold, J., Willis, K. J., Wolters, S., Zernitskaya, V. P., Abel-Schaad, D., Åkesson, C., Alenius, T., Ammann, B., Andersen, S. T., Anderson, R. Scott, Andrič, M., Balakauskas, L., European Commission, Serge, M. A., Mazier, F., Fyfe, R., Gaillard, M. J., Klein, T., Lagnoux, A., Galop, D., Githumbi, E., Mindrescu, M., Nielsen, A. B., Trondman, A. K., Barnekow, L., Batalova, V., Bergman, J., Birks, H. John B., Björkman, L., Bjune, A. E., Borisova, O., Broothaerts, N., Carrion, J., Caseldine, C., Grindean, R., Christiansen, J., Cui, Q., Currás, Andrés, Czerwiński, S., David, R., Davies, A. L., De Jong, R., Di Rita, F., Dietre, B., Dörfler, W., Haas, J. N., Doyen, E., Edwards, K. J., Ejarque, A., Endtmann, E., Etienne, D., Faure, E., Feeser, I., Feurdean, A., Fischer, E., Fletcher, W., Hannon, G., Franco-Múgica, F., Fredh, E. D., Froyd, C., Garcés-Pastor, S., García-Moreiras, I., Gauthier, E., Gil-Romera, Graciela, González-Sampériz, Penélope, Grant, M. J., Heather, A. J., Heikkilä, M., Hjelle, K., Jahns, S., Jasiunas, N., Jiménez-Moreno, G., Jouffroy-Bapicot, I., Sobrino, C. Muñoz, Kabailienė, M., Kamerling, I. M., Kangur, M., Karpińska-Kołaczek, M., Kasianova, A., Kołaczek, P., Lagerås, P., Latalowa, M., Lechterbeck, J., Leroyer, C., Odgaard, B., Leydet, M., Lindbladh, M., Lisitsyna, O., López Sáez, José Antonio, Lowe, John, Luelmo Lautenschlaeger, Reyes, Lukanina, E., Macijauskaitė, L., Magri, D., Marguerie, D., Ozola, I., Marquer, L., Martínez Cortizas, Antonio, Mehl, I., Mesa-Fernández, J. M., Mighall, Tim, Miola, A., Miras, Y., Morales-Molino, C., Mrotzek, A., Pérez-Díaz, S., Pérez-Obiol, R. P., Poggi, C., Rego, P. Ramil, Ramos-Román, M. J., Rasmussen, P., Reille, M., Poska, A., Rösch, M., Ruffaldi, P., Goni, M. Sánchez, Savukynienė, N., Schröder, T., Schult, M., Segerström, U., Seppä, H., Vives, G. Servera, Shumilovskikh, L., Sugita, S., Smettan, H. W., Stancikaite, M., Stevenson, A. C., Stivrins, N., Tantau, I., Theuerkauf, M., Tonkov, S., van der Knaap, W. O., van Leeuwen, J. F. N., Vecmane, E., Woodbridge, J., Verstraeten, G., Veski, S., Voigt, R., Von Stedingk, H., Waller, M. P., Wiethold, J., Willis, K. J., Wolters, S., Zernitskaya, V. P., Abel-Schaad, D., Åkesson, C., Alenius, T., Ammann, B., Andersen, S. T., Anderson, R. Scott, Andrič, M., and Balakauskas, L.

Abstract

Reliable quantitative vegetation reconstructions for Europe during the Holocene are crucial to improving our understanding of landscape dynamics, making it possible to assess the past effects of environmental variables and land-use change on ecosystems and biodiversity, and mitigating their effects in the future. We present here the most spatially extensive and temporally continuous pollen-based reconstructions of plant cover in Europe (at a spatial resolution of 1° × 1°) over the Holocene (last 11.7 ka BP) using the ‘Regional Estimates of VEgetation Abundance from Large Sites’ (REVEALS) model. This study has three main aims. First, to present the most accurate and reliable generation of REVEALS reconstructions across Europe so far. This has been achieved by including a larger number of pollen records compared to former analyses, in particular from the Mediterranean area. Second, to discuss methodological issues in the quantification of past land cover by using alternative datasets of relative pollen productivities (RPPs), one of the key input parameters of REVEALS, to test model sensitivity. Finally, to validate our reconstructions with the global forest change dataset. The results suggest that the RPPs.st1 (31 taxa) dataset is best suited to producing regional vegetation cover estimates for Europe. These reconstructions offer a long-term perspective providing unique possibilities to explore spatial-temporal changes in past land cover and biodiversity.

Published
2023

5. The Eurasian Modern Pollen Database (EMPD), version 2

Author

Davis, B, Chevalier, M, Sommer, P, Carter, V, Finsinger, W, Mauri, A, Phelps, L, Zanon, M, Abegglen, R, Akesson, C, Alba-Sanchez, F, Scott Anderson, R, Antipina, T, Atanassova, J, Beer, R, Belyanina, N, Blyakharchuk, T, Borisova, O, Bozilova, E, Bukreeva, G, Jane Bunting, M, Clo, E, Colombaroli, D, Combourieu-Nebout, N, Desprat, S, Di Rita, F, Djamali, M, Edwards, K, Fall, P, Feurdean, A, Fletcher, W, Florenzano, A, Furlanetto, G, Gaceur, E, Galimov, A, Galka, M, Garcia-Moreiras, I, Giesecke, T, Grindean, R, Guido, M, Gvozdeva, I, Herzschuh, U, Hjelle, K, Ivanov, S, Jahns, S, Jankovska, V, Jimenez-Moreno, G, Karpinska-Kolaczek, M, Kitaba, I, Kolaczek, P, Lapteva, E, Latalowa, M, Lebreton, V, Leroy, S, Leydet, M, Lopatina, D, Lopez-Saez, J, Lotter, A, Magri, D, Marinova, E, Matthias, I, Mavridou, A, Mercuri, A, Mesa-Fernandez, J, Mikishin, Y, Milecka, K, Montanari, C, Morales-Molino, C, Mrotzek, A, Sobrino, C, Naidina, O, Nakagawa, T, Nielsen, A, Novenko, E, Panajiotidis, S, Panova, N, Papadopoulou, M, Pardoe, H, Pedziszewska, A, Petrenko, T, Ramos-Roman, M, Ravazzi, C, Rosch, M, Ryabogina, N, Ruiz, S, Sakari Salonen, J, Sapelko, T, Schofield, J, Seppa, H, Shumilovskikh, L, Stivrins, N, Stojakowits, P, Svitavska, H, Swieta-Musznicka, J, Tantau, I, Tinner, W, Tobolski, K, Tonkov, S, Tsakiridou, M, Valsecchi, V, Zanina, O, Zimny, M, Davis B. A. S., Chevalier M., Sommer P., Carter V. A., Finsinger W., Mauri A., Phelps L. N., Zanon M., Abegglen R., Akesson C. M., Alba-Sanchez F., Scott Anderson R., Antipina T. G., Atanassova J. R., Beer R., Belyanina N. I., Blyakharchuk T. A., Borisova O. K., Bozilova E., Bukreeva G., Jane Bunting M., Clo E., Colombaroli D., Combourieu-Nebout N., Desprat S., Di Rita F., Djamali M., Edwards K. J., Fall P. L., Feurdean A., Fletcher W., Florenzano A., Furlanetto G., Gaceur E., Galimov A. T., Galka M., Garcia-Moreiras I., Giesecke T., Grindean R., Guido M. A., Gvozdeva I. G., Herzschuh U., Hjelle K. L., Ivanov S., Jahns S., Jankovska V., Jimenez-Moreno G., Karpinska-Kolaczek M., Kitaba I., Kolaczek P., Lapteva E. G., Latalowa M., Lebreton V., Leroy S., Leydet M., Lopatina D. A., Lopez-Saez J. A., Lotter A. F., Magri D., Marinova E., Matthias I., Mavridou A., Mercuri A. M., Mesa-Fernandez J. M., Mikishin Y. A., Milecka K., Montanari C., Morales-Molino C., Mrotzek A., Sobrino C. M., Naidina O. D., Nakagawa T., Nielsen A. B., Novenko E. Y., Panajiotidis S., Panova N. K., Papadopoulou M., Pardoe H. S., Pedziszewska A., Petrenko T. I., Ramos-Roman M. J., Ravazzi C., Rosch M., Ryabogina N., Ruiz S. S., Sakari Salonen J., Sapelko T. V., Schofield J. E., Seppa H., Shumilovskikh L., Stivrins N., Stojakowits P., Svitavska H. S., Swieta-Musznicka J., Tantau I., Tinner W., Tobolski K., Tonkov S., Tsakiridou M., Valsecchi V., Zanina O. G., Zimny M., Davis, B, Chevalier, M, Sommer, P, Carter, V, Finsinger, W, Mauri, A, Phelps, L, Zanon, M, Abegglen, R, Akesson, C, Alba-Sanchez, F, Scott Anderson, R, Antipina, T, Atanassova, J, Beer, R, Belyanina, N, Blyakharchuk, T, Borisova, O, Bozilova, E, Bukreeva, G, Jane Bunting, M, Clo, E, Colombaroli, D, Combourieu-Nebout, N, Desprat, S, Di Rita, F, Djamali, M, Edwards, K, Fall, P, Feurdean, A, Fletcher, W, Florenzano, A, Furlanetto, G, Gaceur, E, Galimov, A, Galka, M, Garcia-Moreiras, I, Giesecke, T, Grindean, R, Guido, M, Gvozdeva, I, Herzschuh, U, Hjelle, K, Ivanov, S, Jahns, S, Jankovska, V, Jimenez-Moreno, G, Karpinska-Kolaczek, M, Kitaba, I, Kolaczek, P, Lapteva, E, Latalowa, M, Lebreton, V, Leroy, S, Leydet, M, Lopatina, D, Lopez-Saez, J, Lotter, A, Magri, D, Marinova, E, Matthias, I, Mavridou, A, Mercuri, A, Mesa-Fernandez, J, Mikishin, Y, Milecka, K, Montanari, C, Morales-Molino, C, Mrotzek, A, Sobrino, C, Naidina, O, Nakagawa, T, Nielsen, A, Novenko, E, Panajiotidis, S, Panova, N, Papadopoulou, M, Pardoe, H, Pedziszewska, A, Petrenko, T, Ramos-Roman, M, Ravazzi, C, Rosch, M, Ryabogina, N, Ruiz, S, Sakari Salonen, J, Sapelko, T, Schofield, J, Seppa, H, Shumilovskikh, L, Stivrins, N, Stojakowits, P, Svitavska, H, Swieta-Musznicka, J, Tantau, I, Tinner, W, Tobolski, K, Tonkov, S, Tsakiridou, M, Valsecchi, V, Zanina, O, Zimny, M, Davis B. A. S., Chevalier M., Sommer P., Carter V. A., Finsinger W., Mauri A., Phelps L. N., Zanon M., Abegglen R., Akesson C. M., Alba-Sanchez F., Scott Anderson R., Antipina T. G., Atanassova J. R., Beer R., Belyanina N. I., Blyakharchuk T. A., Borisova O. K., Bozilova E., Bukreeva G., Jane Bunting M., Clo E., Colombaroli D., Combourieu-Nebout N., Desprat S., Di Rita F., Djamali M., Edwards K. J., Fall P. L., Feurdean A., Fletcher W., Florenzano A., Furlanetto G., Gaceur E., Galimov A. T., Galka M., Garcia-Moreiras I., Giesecke T., Grindean R., Guido M. A., Gvozdeva I. G., Herzschuh U., Hjelle K. L., Ivanov S., Jahns S., Jankovska V., Jimenez-Moreno G., Karpinska-Kolaczek M., Kitaba I., Kolaczek P., Lapteva E. G., Latalowa M., Lebreton V., Leroy S., Leydet M., Lopatina D. A., Lopez-Saez J. A., Lotter A. F., Magri D., Marinova E., Matthias I., Mavridou A., Mercuri A. M., Mesa-Fernandez J. M., Mikishin Y. A., Milecka K., Montanari C., Morales-Molino C., Mrotzek A., Sobrino C. M., Naidina O. D., Nakagawa T., Nielsen A. B., Novenko E. Y., Panajiotidis S., Panova N. K., Papadopoulou M., Pardoe H. S., Pedziszewska A., Petrenko T. I., Ramos-Roman M. J., Ravazzi C., Rosch M., Ryabogina N., Ruiz S. S., Sakari Salonen J., Sapelko T. V., Schofield J. E., Seppa H., Shumilovskikh L., Stivrins N., Stojakowits P., Svitavska H. S., Swieta-Musznicka J., Tantau I., Tinner W., Tobolski K., Tonkov S., Tsakiridou M., Valsecchi V., Zanina O. G., and Zimny M.

Abstract

The Eurasian (née European) Modern Pollen Database (EMPD) was established in 2013 to provide a public database of high-quality modern pollen surface samples to help support studies of past climate, land cover, and land use using fossil pollen. The EMPD is part of, and complementary to, the European Pollen Database (EPD) which contains data on fossil pollen found in Late Quaternary sedimentary archives throughout the Eurasian region. The EPD is in turn part of the rapidly growing Neotoma database, which is now the primary home for global palaeoecological data. This paper describes version 2 of the EMPD in which the number of samples held in the database has been increased by 60 % from 4826 to 8134. Much of the improvement in data coverage has come from northern Asia, and the database has consequently been renamed the Eurasian Modern Pollen Database to reflect this geographical enlargement. The EMPD can be viewed online using a dedicated map-based viewer at https://empd2.github.io and downloaded in a variety of file formats at https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.909130 (Chevalier et al., 2019).

Published
2020

6. Dariali: The 'Caspian Gates' in the Caucasus from Antiquity to the Age of the Huns and the Middle Ages: The Joint Georgian-British Dariali Gorge Excavations and Surveys 2013-2016 [Hardback]

Author

Sauer E., W., Chologauri, L., Gabunia, A., Hopper, K., Lawrence, D., Macdonald, E., Mashkour, M., Mowat F., A., Naskidashvili, D., Pitskhelauri, K., Priestman S., M.N, Shumilovskikh, L., Simpson, S.J., Tiliakou, A., Archéozoologie, archéobotanique : sociétés, pratiques et environnements (AASPE), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Oxbow Books, and European Project: 295375,EC:FP7:ERC,ERC-2011-ADG_20110406,PERSIA(2012)

Subjects
Caucasus, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, Military context, Fort, Subsistene economy, Paleoenvironment
Abstract

International audience; The Huns, invading through Dariali Gorge on the modern-day border between Russia and Georgia in AD 395 and 515, spread terror across the late antique world. Was this the prelude to the apocalypse? Prophecies foresaw a future Hunnic onslaught, via the same mountain pass, bringing about the end of the world. Humanity’s fate depended on a gated barrier deep in Europe’s highest and most forbidding mountain chain.Centuries before the emergence of such apocalyptic beliefs, the gorge had reached world fame. It was the target of a planned military expedition by the Emperor Nero. Chained to the dramatic sheer cliffs, framing the narrow passage, the mythical fire-thief Prometheus suffered severe punishment, his liver devoured by an eagle. It was known under multiple names, most commonly the Caspian or Alan Gates.Featuring in the works of literary giants, no other mountain pass in the ancient and medieval world matches Dariali’s fame. Yet little was known about the materiality of this mythical place. A team of archaeologists has now shed much new light on the major gorge-blocking fort and a barrier wall on a steep rocky ridge further north. The walls still standing today were built around the time of the first major Hunnic invasion in the late fourth century – when the Caucasus defences feature increasingly prominently in negotiations between the Great Powers of Persia and Rome. In its endeavour to strongly fortify the strategic mountain pass through the Central Caucasus, the workforce erased most traces of earlier occupation. The Persian-built bastion saw heavy occupation for 600 years. Its multi-faith medieval garrison controlled Trans-Caucasian traffic. Everyday objects and human remains reveal harsh living conditions and close connections to the Muslim South, as well as the steppe world of the north. The Caspian Gates explains how a highly strategic rock has played a pivotal role in world history from Classical Antiquity into the twentieth century.

Published
2020

8. Forts and megafortresses, natural and artificial barriers

Author

Sauer, Eberhard W., Nokandeh, J., Omrani Rekavandi, H., M. , Bagher Bayati, Caputo, F., Heise, M., Intagliata, Emanuele Ettore, Mahmoudi, M., Mohammadkhani, K., Perini, S., Ricci, A., Safari, E., Safari, B., Shumilovskikh, L., Amirinezhad, A., Arteghi, B., Asghari, Z., Hopper, K., Hossein-Zadeh, M., Jahed, M., Jürcke, F., Lawrence, D., Taghi Maleka, M., Mansouri, M., Mirmousavi, M., Mohammadkhani, S., Priestman, S., Reza Rahimi, M., Rahmani, M., Ruchonnet, A., Salari, A., Taji, D., Azizi Kharagani, M. H., Khanipour, M., and Naseri, R.

Published
2018

10. Pollen-derived biomes in the Eastern Mediterranean–Black Sea–Caspian-Corridor

Author

Marinova, E. Harrison, S.P. Bragg, F. Connor, S. de Laet, V. Leroy, S.A.G. Mudie, P. Atanassova, J. Bozilova, E. Caner, H. Cordova, C. Djamali, M. Filipova-Marinova, M. Gerasimenko, N. Jahns, S. Kouli, K. Kotthoff, U. Kvavadze, E. Lazarova, M. Novenko, E. Ramezani, E. Röpke, A. Shumilovskikh, L. Tanţǎu, I. Tonkov, S.

Abstract

Aim: To evaluate the biomization technique for reconstructing past vegetation in the Eastern Mediterranean–Black Sea–Caspian-Corridor using an extensive modern pollen data set and comparing reconstructions to potential vegetation and observed land cover data. Location: The region between 28–48°N and 22–62°E. Methods: We apply the biomization technique to 1,387 modern pollen samples, representing 1,107 entities, to reconstruct the distribution of 13 broad vegetation categories (biomes). We assess the results using estimates of potential natural vegetation from the European Vegetation Map and the Physico-Geographic Atlas of the World. We test whether anthropogenic disturbance affects reconstruction quality using land use information from the Global Land Cover data set. Results: The biomization scheme successfully predicts the broadscale patterns of vegetation across the region, including changes with elevation. The technique discriminates deserts from shrublands, the prevalence of woodlands in moister lowland sites, and the presence of temperate and mixed forests at higher elevations. Quantitative assessment of the reconstructions is less satisfactory: the biome is predicted correctly at 44% of the sites in Europe and 33% of the sites overall. The low success rate is not a reflection of anthropogenic impacts: only 33% of the samples are correctly assigned after the removal of sites in anthropogenically altered environments. Open vegetation is less successfully predicted (33%) than forest types (73%), reflecting the under-representation of herbaceous taxa in pollen assemblages and the impact of long-distance pollen transport into open environments. Samples from small basins (

Published
2018

11. Pollen-derived biomes in the Eastern Mediterranean-Black Sea-Caspian-Corridor

Author

Marinova, E, Harrison, SP, Bragg, F, Connor, S, de Laet, V, Leroy, SAG, Mudie, P, Atanassova, J, Bozilova, E, Caner, H, Cordova, C, Djamali, M, Filipova-Marinova, M, Gerasimenko, N, Jahns, S, Kouli, K, Kotthoff, U, Kvavadze, E, Lazarova, M, Novenko, E, Ramezani, E, Roepke, A, Shumilovskikh, L, Tantau, I, Tonkov, S, Marinova, E, Harrison, SP, Bragg, F, Connor, S, de Laet, V, Leroy, SAG, Mudie, P, Atanassova, J, Bozilova, E, Caner, H, Cordova, C, Djamali, M, Filipova-Marinova, M, Gerasimenko, N, Jahns, S, Kouli, K, Kotthoff, U, Kvavadze, E, Lazarova, M, Novenko, E, Ramezani, E, Roepke, A, Shumilovskikh, L, Tantau, I, and Tonkov, S

Abstract

AIM: To evaluate the biomization technique for reconstructing past vegetation in the Eastern Mediterraneanâ Black Seaâ Caspianâ Corridor using an extensive modern pollen data set and comparing reconstructions to potential vegetation and observed land cover data. LOCATION: The region between 28â 48°N and 22â 62°E. METHODS: We apply the biomization technique to 1,387 modern pollen samples, representing 1,107 entities, to reconstruct the distribution of 13 broad vegetation categories (biomes). We assess the results using estimates of potential natural vegetation from the European Vegetation Map and the Physicoâ Geographic Atlas of the World. We test whether anthropogenic disturbance affects reconstruction quality using land use information from the Global Land Cover data set. RESULTS: The biomization scheme successfully predicts the broadscale patterns of vegetation across the region, including changes with elevation. The technique discriminates deserts from shrublands, the prevalence of woodlands in moister lowland sites, and the presence of temperate and mixed forests at higher elevations. Quantitative assessment of the reconstructions is less satisfactory: the biome is predicted correctly at 44% of the sites in Europe and 33% of the sites overall. The low success rate is not a reflection of anthropogenic impacts: only 33% of the samples are correctly assigned after the removal of sites in anthropogenically altered environments. Open vegetation is less successfully predicted (33%) than forest types (73%), reflecting the underâ representation of herbaceous taxa in pollen assemblages and the impact of longâ distance pollen transport into open environments. Samples from small basins (<1 km²) are more likely to be reconstructed accurately, with 58% of the sites in Europe and 66% of all sites correctly predicted, probably because they sample an appropriate pollen source area to reflect regional vegetation patterns in relatively heterogeneous landscapes. While methodol

Published
2018

13. Orbital- and millennial-scale environmental changes between 64 and 20 ka BP recorded in Black Sea sediments

Author

Shumilovskikh, L. S., Fleitmann, D., Nowaczyk, N. R., Behling, H., Marret, F., Wegwerth, A., Arz, H. W., Shumilovskikh, L. S., Fleitmann, D., Nowaczyk, N. R., Behling, H., Marret, F., Wegwerth, A., and Arz, H. W.

Abstract

High-resolution pollen and dinoflagellate cyst records from sediment core M72/5-25-GC1 were used to reconstruct vegetation dynamics in northern Anatolia and surface conditions of the Black Sea between 64 and 20 ka BP. During this period, the dominance of Artemisia in the pollen record indicates a steppe landscape and arid climate conditions. However, the concomitant presence of temperate arboreal pollen suggests the existence of glacial refugia in northern Anatolia. Long-term glacial vegetation dynamics reveal two major arid phases similar to 64-55 and 40-32 ka BP, and two major humid phases similar to 54-45 and 28-20 ka BP, correlating with higher and lower summer insolation, respectively. Dansgaard-Oeschger (D-O) cycles are clearly indicated by the 25-GC1 pollen record. Greenland interstadials are characterized by a marked increase in temperate tree pollen, indicating a spread of forests due to warm/wet conditions in northern Anatolia, whereas Greenland stadials reveal cold and arid conditions as indicated by spread of xerophytic biomes. There is evidence for a phase lag of similar to 500 to 1500 yr between initial warming and forest expansion, possibly due to successive changes in atmospheric circulation in the North Atlantic sector. The dominance of Pyxidinopsis psilata and Spiniferites cruciformis in the dinocyst record indicates brackish Black Sea conditions during the entire glacial period. The decrease of marine indicators (marine dinocysts, acritarchs) at similar to 54 ka BP and increase of freshwater algae (Pediastrum, Botryococcus) from 32 to 25 ka BP reveals freshening of the Black Sea surface water. This freshening is possibly related to humid phases in the region, to connection between Caspian Sea and Black Sea, to seasonal freshening by floating ice, and/or to closer position of river mouths due to low sea level. In the southern Black Sea, Greenland interstadials are clearly indicated by high dinocyst concentrations and calcium carbonate content, as a

Published
2014
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15. Corrigendum to "Quantitative reconstruction of precipitation changes on the NE Tibetan Plateau since the Last Glacial Maximum – extending the concept of pollen source area to pollen-based climate reconstructions from large lakes" published in Clim. Past, 10, 21–39, 2014

Author

Wang, Y., primary, Herzschuh, U., additional, Shumilovskikh, L. S., additional, Mischke, S., additional, Birks, H. J. B., additional, Wischnewski, J., additional, Böhner, J., additional, Schlütz, F., additional, Lehmkuhl, F., additional, Diekmann, B., additional, Wünnemann, B., additional, and Zhang, C., additional

Published
2014
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16. Quantitative reconstruction of precipitation changes on the NE Tibetan Plateau since the Last Glacial Maximum – extending the concept of pollen source area to pollen-based climate reconstructions from large lakes

Author

Wang, Y., primary, Herzschuh, U., additional, Shumilovskikh, L. S., additional, Mischke, S., additional, Birks, H. J. B., additional, Wischnewski, J., additional, Böhner, J., additional, Schlütz, F., additional, Lehmkuhl, F., additional, Diekmann, B., additional, Wünnemann, B., additional, and Zhang, C., additional

Published
2014
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18. Quantitative reconstruction of precipitation changes on the NE Tibetan Plateau since the Last Glacial Maximum – extending the concept of pollen source-area to pollen-based climate reconstructions from large lakes

Author

Wang, Y., primary, Herzschuh, U., additional, Shumilovskikh, L.-S., additional, Mischke, S., additional, Birks, H.-J.-B., additional, Wischnewski, J., additional, Böhner, J., additional, Schlütz, F., additional, Lehmkuhl, F., additional, Diekmann, B., additional, Wünnemann, B., additional, and Zhang, C., additional

Published
2013
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19. Supplementary material to "Quantitative reconstruction of precipitation changes on the NE Tibetan Plateau since the Last Glacial Maximum – extending the concept of pollen source-area to pollen-based climate reconstructions from large lakes"

Author

Wang, Y., primary, Herzschuh, U., additional, Shumilovskikh, L.-S., additional, Mischke, S., additional, Birks, H.-J.-B., additional, Wischnewski, J., additional, Böhner, J., additional, Schlütz, F., additional, Lehmkuhl, F., additional, Diekmann, B., additional, Wünnemann, B., additional, and Zhang, C., additional

Published
2013
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20. Orbital and millennial-scale environmental changes between 64 and 25 ka BP recorded in Black Sea sediments.

Author

Shumilovskikh, L. S., Fleitmann, D., Nowaczyk, N. R., Behling, H., Marret, F., Wegwerth, A., and Arz, H. W.

Abstract

High-resolution pollen and dinoflagellate cyst records from marine sediment core 25-GC1 were used to reconstruct vegetation dynamics in Northern Anatolia and surface conditions of the Black Sea between 64 and 25 ka BP. During this period, the dominance of Artemisia in the pollen record indicates a steppe landscape and arid climate conditions. However, the presence of temperate and warm-temperate arboreal pollen suggests the existence of glacial refugia in Northern Anatolia. A general cooling trend towards 25 ka BP is evidenced by the decrease of Quercus and increase of Pinus. There is evidence of orbital-driven vegetation dynamics in Northern Anatolia during 64-25 ka BP with spread of steppe during precession minima (insolation maxima) and development of forests during precession maxima (insolation minima). Dansgaard-Oeschger (D-O) events are characterized by a marked increase in temperate tree pollen, indicating a spread of forests due to warm and wet conditions in Northern Anatolia. The dominance of Pyxidinopsis psilata and Spiniferites cruciformis in the dinocyst record indicates a rather brackish Black Sea during the last glacial period. The decrease of marine indicators (marine dinocysts, acritachs) at ~ 54 ka BP and increase of freshwater algae (Pediastrum, Botryococcus) from 32 to 25 ka BP reveals freshening of the Black Sea surface water, related to orbital-driven arid/humid phases in the region, influencing hydrology and level changes of the Black Sea. D-O interstadials are characterized by high dinocyst concentrations and calcium carbonate content, as a result of an increase in primary productivity in the Black Sea. Heinrich events show a similar impact on the environment in Northern Anatolia/Black Sea region as D-O stadials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2013
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21. Quantitative reconstruction of precipitation changes on the NE Tibetan Plateau since the Last Glacial Maximum -- extending the concept of pollen source-area to pollen-based climate reconstructions from large lakes.

Author

Wang, Y., Herzschuh, U., Shumilovskikh, L.-S., Mischke, S., Birks, H.-J.-B., Wischnewski, J., Böhner, J., Schlütz, F., Lehmkuhl, F., Diekmann, B., Wünnemann, B., and Zhang, C.

Abstract

Pollen records from large lakes have been used for quantitative palaeoclimate reconstruction but the influences that lake-size (as a result of species-specific variations in pollen dispersal patterns) and taphonomy have on these climatic signals have not previously been systematically investigated. We introduce the concept of pollen source-area to pollen-based climate calibration using the climate history of the north-eastern Tibetan Plateau as our study area. We present a pollen data-set collected from large lakes in the arid to semi-arid region of Central Asia. The influences that lake size and the inferred pollen source-areas have on pollen compositions have been investigated through comparisons with pollen assemblages in neighbouring lakes of various sizes. Modern pollen samples collected from different parts of Lake Donggi Cona (in the north-eastern part of the Tibetan Plateau) reveal variations in pollen assemblages within this large lake, which are interpreted in terms of the species-specific dispersal and depositional patterns for different types of pollen, and in terms of fluvial input components. We have estimated the pollen source-area for each lake individually and used this information to infer modern climate data with which to then develop a modern calibration data-set, using both the Multivariate Regression Tree (MRT) and Weighted- Averaging Partial Least Squares (WA-PLS) approaches. Fossil pollen data from Lake Donggi Cona have been used to reconstruct the climate history of the north-eastern part of the Tibetan Plateau since the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). The mean annual precipitation was quantitatively reconstructed using WA-PLS: extremely dry conditions are found to have dominated the LGM, with annual precipitation of around 100 mm, which is only 32% of present-day precipitation. A gradually increasing trend in moisture conditions during the Late Glacial is terminated by an abrupt reversion to a dry phase that lasts for about 1000 yr and coincides with "Heinrich Event 1" in the northern Atlantic region. Subsequent periods corresponding to the Bølling/Allerød interstadial, with annual precipitation (Pann) of about 350 mm, and the Younger Dryas event (about 270mm Pann) are followed by moist conditions in the early Holocene, with annual precipitation of up to 400 mm. A drier trend after 9 cal.kaBP is followed by a second wet phase in the middle Holocene, lasting until 4.5 cal. ka BP. Relatively steady conditions with only slight fluctuations then dominate the late Holocene, resulting in the present climatic conditions. The climate changes since the LGM have been primarily driven by deglaciation and fluctuations in the intensity of the Asian Summer Monsoon that resulted from changes in the Northern Hemisphere summer solar insolation, as well as from changes in the northern Atlantic climate through variations in the circulation patterns and intensity of the westerlies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2013
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22. Open Access Quantitative reconstruction of precipitation changes on the NE Tibetan Plateau since the Last Glacial Maximum - extending the concept of pollen source area to pollen-based climate reconstructions from large lakes

Author

Wang, Y., Herzschuh, U., Shumilovskikh, L. S., Mischke, S., Birks, H. J. B., Wischnewski, J., Böhner, J., Schlütz, F., Lehmkuhl, Frank, Diekmann, B., Wünnemann, B., and Zhang, C.

Subjects
13. Climate action, 15. Life on land
Abstract

Climate of the past : CP 10(1), 21-39 (2014). doi:10.5194/cp-10-21-2014, Published by Copernicus-Ges., Göttingen

23. Insights into the late Holocene vegetation history of the East European forest-steppe: case study Sudzha (Kursk region, Russia)

Author

Shumilovskikh L., Rodinkova V., Rodionova A., Troshina A., Ershova E., Novenko E., Zazovskaya E., Sycheva S., Kiselev D., Schlütz F., Schneeweiß J., Shumilovskikh L., Rodinkova V., Rodionova A., Troshina A., Ershova E., Novenko E., Zazovskaya E., Sycheva S., Kiselev D., Schlütz F., and Schneeweiß J.

Abstract

© 2019, Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature. Today, the East European forest-steppe is an agricultural landscape with very few remains of its former natural vegetation. The history of the transformation from natural vegetation to a human-made landscape in the area of Sudzha (Kursk region, Russia) is studied here. We compare the off-site pollen record Sudzha with three on-site pollen records obtained from the archaeological site Kurilovka-2. The sediment core Sudzha covering the last 2,500 years was taken from an oxbow lake in an area with archaeological sites of the early Slavonic period (3rd–8th centuries ce). The Sudzha pollen record indicates dominance of broadleaf forests and meadow steppes in the area from 2,500 to 200 cal year bp with two major settlement phases one between ~ 2,000 and 1,600 cal year bp (~ 50 bce to 350 ce) and the other between 1,100 and 600 cal year bp (850 and 1350 ce) followed by a total deforestation and transformation to an agricultural landscape over the last 200–300 years. Similar changes in the last 300–400 years are indicated by the three on-site pollen records. It is noteworthy, however, that the record Sudzha does not provide an intensive signal of human impact during the 5th–8th centuries ce. This points to a quite restricted spatial influence of the Early Slavonic settlements on the vegetation, leading to a relatively low contribution of palynological anthropogenic indicators to the regional pollen rain signal.

24. Environmental conditions in northwestern Russia during MIS 5 inferred from the pollen stratigraphy in a sediment core from Lake Ladoga

Author

Andreev A., Shumilovskikh L., Savelieva L., Gromig R., Fedorov G., Ludikova A., Wagner B., Wennrich V., Brill D., Melles M., Andreev A., Shumilovskikh L., Savelieva L., Gromig R., Fedorov G., Ludikova A., Wagner B., Wennrich V., Brill D., and Melles M.

Abstract

© 2019 Collegium Boreas. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd Lake Ladoga hosts preglacial sediments, although the Eurasian ice sheet overrode the area during the LGM. These sediments were first discovered by a seismic survey and are investigated using a 22.75-m-long core. Its upper 13.30 m comprise Holocene and Lateglacial sediments separated from the lower 11.45 m of preglacial sediments by a hiatus. They consist of highly terrigenous lacustrine sediments, which according to OSL dating, were deposited during an early stage of the last ice age (MIS 5). The palynological data allow a first reconstruction of the Early Weichselian environmental history for northwestern Russia. Birch and alder forests with broad-leaved taxa dominated during MIS 5d (c. 118–113 ka), suggesting a climate more favourable than in the Holocene. A high content of well-sorted sands and poorly preserved palynomorphs indicates a shallow-water environment at least temporarily. More fine-grained sediments and better preserved organic remains suggest deeper water environments at the core location during MIS 5c (c. 113–88 ka). Pine and spruce became dominant, while broad-leaved taxa started to disappear, especially after c. 90 ka, pointing to a gradual climate cooling. An increase in open herb-dominated habitats at the beginning of MIS 5b (c. 88–86 ka) reflects a colder and dryer climate. However, later (c. 86–82 ka) pine and spruce again became more common. Birch and alder forests dominated in the area c. 82–80 ka (beginning of MIS 5a). Although open treeless habitats also became more common at this time, a slight increase in hazel may point to somewhat warmer climate conditions coinciding with the beginning of MIS 5a. The studied sediments also contain numerous remains of freshwater algae and cysts of marine and brackish-water dinoflagellates and acritarchs documenting that the present lake basin was part of a brackish-water basin during the Early Weichselian, probably as a gulf of the Pre-Baltic Se

26. The Eurasian Modern Pollen Database (EMPD), version 2

Author

Juliana Atanassova, Christine M. Åkesson, Piotr Kołaczek, Marco Zanon, Kari Loe Hjelle, Lyudmila S. Shumilovskikh, Heikki Seppä, Nathalie Combourieu-Nebout, Vachel A. Carter, James Edward Schofield, Krystyna Milecka, Iria García-Moreiras, Takeshi Nakagawa, Walter Finsinger, Willy Tinner, Castor Muñoz Sobrino, Anne Birgitte Nielsen, José Antonio López-Sáez, Elena Marinova, Philipp Stojakowits, Tatiana G. Antipina, Silvia Sabariego Ruiz, Roman Abegglen, Vlasta Jankovská, Oksana G. Zanina, Mariusz Gałka, Arsenii T. Galimov, Maria Papadopoulou, Manfred Rösch, Kevin J. Edwards, Patricia L. Fall, Basil A. S. Davis, Philipp Sommer, Elissaveta Bozilova, Ulrike Herzschuh, Verushka Valsecchi, Natalia Ryabogina, Ikuko Kitaba, Elena Novenko, Michelle Leydet, Anna Pędziszewska, Nata K. Panova, Almut Mrotzek, Donatella Magri, Eleonora Clo, Isabelle Matthias, R. Scott Anderson, Tatiana Blyakharchuk, Kazimierz Tobolski, Vincent Lebreton, Leanne N. Phelps, Irina G. Gvozdeva, André F. Lotter, Nina I. Belyanina, Assunta Florenzano, William J. Fletcher, Ioan Tantau, Suzanne A.G. Leroy, Roxana Grindean, Normunds Stivrins, Elena G. Lapteva, Francisca Alba-Sánchez, J. Sakari Salonen, Tatiana I. Petrenko, Tatyana V. Sapelko, Angelica Feurdean, Anna Maria Mercuri, Yuri A. Mikishin, G Furlanetto, Susanne Jahns, Cesare Ravazzi, Helena Svobodova Svitavska, Anastasia Mavridou, Carlo Alessandro Montanari, Jose Manuel Mesa-Fernández, Sampson Panajiotidis, Ruth Beer, Stéphanie Desprat, Federico Di Rita, María J. Ramos-Román, Emna Gaceur, Joanna Święta-Musznicka, Małgorzata Latałowa, Thomas Giesecke, Olga K. Borisova, Galina Bukreeva, M. Jane Bunting, Manuel Chevalier, Achille Mauri, Maria Angela Guido, Darya A. Lopatina, César Morales-Molino, Spassimir Tonkov, Marcelina Zimny, Monika Karpińska-Kołaczek, Sergey Ivanov, Gonzalo Jiménez-Moreno, Daniele Colombaroli, Morteza Djamali, Heather S. Pardoe, Olga D. Naidina, Margarita Tsakiridou, Université de Lausanne, Swiss National Science Foundation, López Sáez, José Antonio [0000-0002-3122-2744], Institute of Earth Surface Dynamics [Lausanne], Université de Lausanne = University of Lausanne (UNIL), Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Charles University [Prague] (CU), Lomonosov Moscow State University (MSU), Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research (OCCR), University of Bern, Histoire naturelle de l'Homme préhistorique (HNHP), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Environnements et Paléoenvironnements OCéaniques (EPOC), Observatoire aquitain des sciences de l'univers (OASU), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut méditerranéen de biodiversité et d'écologie marine et continentale (IMBE), Avignon Université (AU)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of physical chemistry, Uppsala University, Senckenberg biodiversität und klima forschungszentrum (BIK-F), Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg (SGN), Laboratorio di Palinologia e Paleobotanica, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań (UAM), Department of Palynology and Climate Dynamics, Georg-August-University = Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research (AWI), Natural History Collections, University of Bergen (UiB)-University of Bergen (UiB), A.F. Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences [Moscow] (RAS), Brandenburgisches Landesamt für Denkmalpflege und Archäologisches Landesmuseum, Universidad de Granada = University of Granada (UGR), Institute of Geoecology and Geoinformation, Department of Plant Ecology, Gdansk University, University of Gdańsk (UG), Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Humaines (Lares-Las), Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Dipartimento di biologia ambientale, Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome] (UNIROMA), Department of Botany, Sofia University 'St. Kliment Ohridski', NASA Ames Research Center (ARC), Department of Biogeography and Palaeoecology, Institut Méditerranéen d'Ecologie et de Paléoécologie (IMEP), Université Paul Cézanne - Aix-Marseille 3-Université de Provence - Aix-Marseille 1-Avignon Université (AU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Lund University [Lund], Laboratoire d'Informatique, Systèmes, Traitement de l'Information et de la Connaissance (LISTIC), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), CNR-IDPA, Dipartimento di Scienze dell'Ambiente e del Territorio, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca = University of Milano-Bicocca (UNIMIB), Department of Physics and Astronomy [Turku], University of Turku, Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki, Department of Geography [Riga], Софийски университет = Sofia University, University of Portsmouth, Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Avignon Université (AU), López Sáez, José Antonio, Davis, B, Chevalier, M, Sommer, P, Carter, V, Finsinger, W, Mauri, A, Phelps, L, Zanon, M, Abegglen, R, Akesson, C, Alba-Sanchez, F, Scott Anderson, R, Antipina, T, Atanassova, J, Beer, R, Belyanina, N, Blyakharchuk, T, Borisova, O, Bozilova, E, Bukreeva, G, Jane Bunting, M, Clo, E, Colombaroli, D, Combourieu-Nebout, N, Desprat, S, Di Rita, F, Djamali, M, Edwards, K, Fall, P, Feurdean, A, Fletcher, W, Florenzano, A, Furlanetto, G, Gaceur, E, Galimov, A, Galka, M, Garcia-Moreiras, I, Giesecke, T, Grindean, R, Guido, M, Gvozdeva, I, Herzschuh, U, Hjelle, K, Ivanov, S, Jahns, S, Jankovska, V, Jimenez-Moreno, G, Karpinska-Kolaczek, M, Kitaba, I, Kolaczek, P, Lapteva, E, Latalowa, M, Lebreton, V, Leroy, S, Leydet, M, Lopatina, D, Lopez-Saez, J, Lotter, A, Magri, D, Marinova, E, Matthias, I, Mavridou, A, Mercuri, A, Mesa-Fernandez, J, Mikishin, Y, Milecka, K, Montanari, C, Morales-Molino, C, Mrotzek, A, Sobrino, C, Naidina, O, Nakagawa, T, Nielsen, A, Novenko, E, Panajiotidis, S, Panova, N, Papadopoulou, M, Pardoe, H, Pedziszewska, A, Petrenko, T, Ramos-Roman, M, Ravazzi, C, Rosch, M, Ryabogina, N, Ruiz, S, Sakari Salonen, J, Sapelko, T, Schofield, J, Seppa, H, Shumilovskikh, L, Stivrins, N, Stojakowits, P, Svitavska, H, Swieta-Musznicka, J, Tantau, I, Tinner, W, Tobolski, K, Tonkov, S, Tsakiridou, M, Valsecchi, V, Zanina, O, Zimny, M, University of St Andrews. School of Geography & Sustainable Development, University of St Andrews. Environmental Change Research Group, Department of Geosciences and Geography, Université de Lausanne (UNIL), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226, Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Georg-August-University [Göttingen], Departamento de Estratigrafía y Paleontología, Universidad de Granada, Universidad de Granada (UGR), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome], Sofia University 'Sv. Kliment Ohridski', Université Paul Cézanne - Aix-Marseille 3-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Avignon Université (AU)-Université de Provence - Aix-Marseille 1, Department of Geology, Lund University, Sölvegatan 12, SE-22362 Lund, Sweden, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca [Milano] (UNIMIB), University of Helsinki, and University of Sofia

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, LAKE CONSTANCE REGION, Palynology Palaeoecology Palaeoclimatology, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, HUMAN IMPACT, recent pollen deposition, 580 Plants (Botany), medicine.disease_cause, 01 natural sciences, 2417.10 Paleobotánica, [SDV.SA.SF]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Silviculture, forestry, ddc:550, SURFACE POLLEN, SOUTHERN NORWAY, SDG 13 - Climate Action, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, lcsh:Environmental sciences, SDG 15 - Life on Land, lcsh:GE1-350, 0303 health sciences, CLIMATE-CHANGE, GE, APUSENI NATURAL PARK, lcsh:QE1-996.5, Foundation (engineering), European pollen database, [SDV.BV.BOT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Botanics, [SDV.BIBS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Quantitative Methods [q-bio.QM], Europe, LAST GLACIAL MAXIMUM, Geography, NORTHERN IBERIAN PLATEAU, pollen, GE Environmental Sciences, 1171 Geosciences, 010506 paleontology, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Earth and Planetary Sciences(all), Library science, Climate change, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, 010603 evolutionary biology, neotoma, 03 medical and health sciences, Eurasian Modern Pollen Database, 2502.05 Paleoclimatología, Pollen, medicine, SIERRA-NEVADA, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, 030304 developmental biology, Botánica, HOLOCENE VEGETATION HISTORY, DAS, 15. Life on land, 2416.03 Palinología, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, lcsh:Geology, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], MCP, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Abstract

The Eurasian (née European) Modern Pollen Database (EMPD) was established in 2013 to provide a public database of high-quality modern pollen surface samples to help support studies of past climate, land cover, and land use using fossil pollen. The EMPD is part of, and complementary to, the European Pollen Database (EPD) which contains data on fossil pollen found in Late Quaternary sedimentary archives throughout the Eurasian region. The EPD is in turn part of the rapidly growing Neotoma database, which is now the primary home for global palaeoecological data. This paper describes version 2 of the EMPD in which the number of samples held in the database has been increased by 60% from 4826 to 8134. Much of the improvement in data coverage has come from northern Asia, and the database has consequently been renamed the Eurasian Modern Pollen Database to reflect this geographical enlargement. The EMPD can be viewed online using a dedicated map-based viewer at https://empd2.github.io and downloaded in a variety of file formats at https: //doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.909130 (Chevalier et al., 2019)., Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF) 200021_169598, University of Lausanne

Published
2020

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