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1. Identification of patient subgroups with unfavorable long‐term outcomes associated with laparoscopic surgery in a randomized controlled trial comparing open and laparoscopic surgery for colon cancer (Japan Clinical Oncology Group Study JCOG0404)

Author

Shuji Saito, Tomonori Akagi, Hiroshi Katayama, Masashi Wakabayashi, Masafumi Inomata, Seiichiro Yamamoto, Masaaki Ito, Yusuke Kinugasa, Hiroyuki Egi, Yasuhiro Munakata, Yukihito Kokuba, Hiroyuki Bando, Masayoshi Yasui, Masataka Ikeda, Kentaro Nakajima, Dai Shida, Yukihide Kanemitsu, Seigo Kitano, and the Colorectal Cancer Study Group of Japan Clinical Oncology Group

Subjects
colon cancer, laparoscopic surgery, long‐term outcome, randomized controlled trial, subgroup analysis, Surgery, RD1-811, Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology, RC799-869
Abstract

Abstract Background Previously, we conducted a randomized controlled trial (JCOG0404) for stage II/III colon cancer patients and reported that the long‐term survival after open surgery (OP) and laparoscopic surgery (LAP) were almost identical; however, JCOG0404 suggested that survival of patients after LAP with tumors located in the rectosigmoid colon, cT4 or cN2 tumors, and high body mass index (BMI) might be unfavorable. Aim To identify the patient subgroups associated with poor long‐term survival in the LAP arm compared with the OP arm. Methods Patients aged 20–75, clinical T3 or deeper lesion without involvement of other organs, clinical N0‐2 and M0 were included. The patients with pathological stage IV and R2 resection were excluded from the current analysis. In each subgroup, the hazard ratio for LAP (vs. OP) in overall survival (OS) from surgery was estimated using a multivariable Cox regression model adjusted for the clinical and pathological factors. Results In total, 1025 patients (OP, 511 and LAP, 514) were included in the current analysis. Adjusted hazards ratios for OS of patients with high BMI (>25 kg/m2), pT4, and pN2 in LAP were 3.37 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.24–9.19), 1.33 (0.73–2.41), and 1.74 (0.76–3.97), respectively. In contrast, that of rectosigmoid colon tumors was 0.98 (0.46–2.09). Conclusions Although LAP is an acceptable optional treatment for stage II/III colon cancer, the present subgroup analysis suggests that high BMI (>25 kg/m2), pT4, and pN2 except for RS were factors associated with unfavorable long‐term outcomes of LAP in patients with colon cancer who underwent curative resection. (JCOG 0404: NCT00147134/UMIN‐CTR: C000000105.)

Published
2021
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2. Impact of postoperative complications after primary tumor resection on survival in patients with incurable stage IV colorectal cancer: A multicenter retrospective cohort study

Author

Yusuke Fujita, Koya Hida, Nobuaki Hoshino, Yoshiharu Sakai, Tsuyoshi Konishi, Akiyoshi Kanazawa, Michitoshi Goto, Shuji Saito, Tadashi Suda, Masahiko Watanabe, and Japan Society of Laparoscopic Colorectal Surgery

Subjects
colorectal neoplasms, complication, primary tumor resection, stage IV, survival, Surgery, RD1-811, Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology, RC799-869
Abstract

Abstract Aims Primary tumor resection for patients with incurable stage IV colorectal cancer can prevent tumor‐related complications but may cause postoperative complications. Postoperative complications delay the administration of chemotherapy and can lead to the spread of malignancy. However, the impact of postoperative complications after primary tumor resection on survival in patients with incurable stage IV colorectal cancer remains unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate how postoperative complications after primary tumor resection affect survival in this patient group. Methods We reviewed data on 966 patients with stage IV colorectal cancer who underwent palliative primary tumor resection between January 2006 and December 2007. We examined the association between major complications (National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events v3.0 grade 3 or more) and overall survival using Cox proportional hazard model and explored risk factors associated with major complications using multivariable logistic regression analysis. Results Ninety‐three patients (9.6%) had major complications. The 2‐year overall survival rate was 32.7% in the group with major complications and 50.3% in the group with no major complications. Patients with major complications had a significantly poorer prognosis than those without major complications (hazard ratio: 1.62; 95% confidence interval: 1.21‐2.18; P

Published
2021
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3. Transitional impact of short‐ and long‐term outcomes of a randomized controlled trial to evaluate laparoscopic versus open surgery for colorectal cancer from Japan Clinical Oncology Group Study JCOG0404

Author

Shoichi Fujii, Tomonori Akagi, Masafumi Inomata, Hiroshi Katayama, Junki Mizusawa, Mitsuyoshi Ota, Shuji Saito, Yusuke Kinugasa, Shigeki Yamaguchi, Takeo Sato, Seigo Kitano, and The Japan Clinical Oncology Group

Subjects
colorectal cancer, laparoscopic colectomy, randomized controlled trial, transitional impact, Surgery, RD1-811, Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology, RC799-869
Abstract

Abstract Background The JCOG0404 randomized controlled trial conducted to compare laparoscopic surgery (LAP) with open surgery (OP) for stage II/III colon cancer showed better short‐term outcomes and equal long‐term outcomes of LAP versus OP. Technical instrumentation of surgery and anticancer agents given during the registration period might have affected the outcomes. Aim To evaluate outcomes according to the registration periods. Methods The overall registration period was divided into three periods (first: 2004‐2005, second: 2006‐2007 and third: 2008‐2009). Short‐term and long‐term outcomes were compared between registration periods. Results In total, 1057 patients were registered. Numbers of patients undergoing each approach for each of the three periods (1st/2nd/3rd) were 528 for OP (106/244/178) and 529 for LAP (106/246/177). Operation time (minutes) did not change between the periods for OP (160/156/161) or LAP (205/211/219). Blood loss (mL) gradually decreased in the latter two periods: (119/80/75) for OP and (35/28/25) for LAP. Incidence of complications (%) decreased in the latter periods for OP (27.6/20.3/21.3), whereas that for LAP remained consistently low (14.3/14.8/13.6). There was no particular trend in 5‐year overall survival and recurrence‐free survival depending on the period regardless of treatment. D3 dissection rates were 95% or more for all periods in both groups. Conclusions Operation time and survival rates did not change over time, whereas blood loss in OP improved in the latter periods. Quality control applied in this trial might have been effective in producing such safe endpoints. (ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT00147134, UMIN Clinical Trials Registry, number C000000105.)

Published
2019
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4. Motives with modulus, II: Modulus sheaves with transfers for proper modulus pairs

Author

Bruno Kahn, Hiroyasu Miyazaki, Shuji Saito, and Takao Yamazaki

Subjects
mathematics - algebraic geometry, mathematics - k-theory and homology, 19e15, 14f42, 19d45, 19f15, Mathematics, QA1-939
Abstract

We develop a theory of sheaves and cohomology on the category of proper modulus pairs. This complements [KMSY21], where a theory of sheaves and cohomology on the category of non-proper modulus pairs has been developed.

Published
2021
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5. Motives with modulus, I: Modulus sheaves with transfers for non-proper modulus pairs

Author

Bruno Kahn, Hiroyasu Miyazaki, Shuji Saito, and Takao Yamazaki

Subjects
mathematics - algebraic geometry, mathematics - k-theory and homology, 19e15, 14f42, 19d45, 19f15, Mathematics, QA1-939
Abstract

We develop a theory of modulus sheaves with transfers, which generalizes Voevodsky's theory of sheaves with transfers. This paper and its sequel are foundational for the theory of motives with modulus, which is developed in [KMSY20].

Published
2021
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6. K-THEORY OF NON-ARCHIMEDEAN RINGS II

Author

MORITZ KERZ, SHUJI SAITO, and GEORG TAMME

Subjects
Mathematics - Algebraic Geometry, Mathematics::Commutative Algebra, Mathematics::K-Theory and Homology, General Mathematics, Mathematics - K-Theory and Homology, FOS: Mathematics, K-Theory and Homology (math.KT), Algebraic Geometry (math.AG), Mathematics::Algebraic Topology
Abstract

We study fundamental properties of analytic $K$-theory of Tate rings such as homotopy invariance, Bass fundamental theorem, Milnor excision, and descent for admissible coverings., v1: 16 pages; v2: 18 pages, final version

Published
2023

7. Bloch’s formula for 0-cycles with modulus and higher-dimensional class field theory

Author

Federico Binda, Amalendu Krishna, and Shuji Saito

Subjects
Algebra and Number Theory, Geometry and Topology
Abstract

We prove Bloch’s formula for the Chow group of 0-cycles with modulus on a smooth quasi-projective surface over a field. We use this formula to give a simple proof of the rank one case of a conjecture of Deligne and Drinfeld on lisse Q ¯ ℓ \overline {\mathbb {Q}}_{\ell } -sheaves. This was originally solved by Kerz and Saito in characteristic ≠ 2 \neq 2 .

Published
2022

8. A Japanese Prospective, Multicenter Study of Colonic Stenting for Palliation Using a High Axial Force Self-Expandable Metal Stent for Malignant Large Bowel Obstruction in 200 Patients

Author

Rei Ishibashi, Takashi Sasaki, Hiroyuki Isayama, Takeaki Matsuzawa, Toshio Kuwai, Tomonori Yamada, Shuji Saito, Masafumi Tomita, Toshiyasu Shiratori, Satoshi Ikeda, Hideki Kanazawa, Mitsuhiro Fujishiro, Iruru Maetani, and Yoshihisa Saida

Abstract

Evidence of the efficacy and safety of colorectal stent placement for palliation remains insufficient. This single-arm, prospective, multicenter study with WallFlex enteral colonic stent included 200 consecutive patients with malignant large bowl obstruction in the palliation cohort. The technical and clinical success, as well as stent patency and complications as short-term (≤ 7 days) and long-term (> 7days) outcomes, of high axial force self-expandable metal stent (SEMS) placement was evaluated. The technical and clinical success rates were 98.5% and 94.5%, respectively. Non recurrent colorectal obstruction at 1 year was 63.9%, and 71.2% of the patients remained free of recurrent colorectal obstruction until death or the last follow-up. Fifty-six patients (28.0 %) received chemotherapy and five patients were administered bevacizumab after stent placement. The overall complication rate was 47%, including four (2.0%) early-onset and ten (5.0%) late-onset perforations, mostly due to stent-edge injury. Only the use of a long SEMS was a risk factor for perforation. In conclusion, endoscopic colorectal stenting using high axial force SEMS is an effective and safe procedure for palliation in patients with malignant colorectal obstruction. However, care should be taken to avoid perforation at the stent edge when using a long SEMS.

Published
2023

10. Blood Perfusion Assessment by Indocyanine Green Fluorescence Imaging for Minimally Invasive Rectal Cancer Surgery (EssentiAL trial).

Author

Jun Watanabe, Ichiro Takemasa, Masanori Kotake, Shingo Noura, Kei Kimura, Hirokazu Suwa, Mitsuyoshi Tei, Yoshinao Takano, Koji Munakata, Shuichiro Matoba, Sigeru Yamagishi, Masayoshi Yasui, Takeshi Kato, Atsushi Ishibe, Manabu Shiozawa, Yoshiyuki Ishii, Taichi Yabuno, Toshikatsu Nitta, Shuji Saito, and Yusuke Saigusa

Abstract

Objective: The aim of the present randomized controlled trial was to evaluate the superiority of indocyanine green fluorescence imaging (ICGFI) in reducing the rate of anastomotic leakage in minimally invasive rectal cancer surgery. Background: The role of ICG-FI in anastomotic leakage in minimally invasive rectal cancer surgery is controversial according to the published literature. Methods: This randomized, open-label, phase 3, trial was performed at 41 hospitals in Japan. Patients with clinically stage 0--III rectal carcinoma less than 12 cm from the anal verge, scheduled for minimally invasive sphincter-preserving surgery were preoperatively randomly assigned to receive a blood flow evaluation by ICG-FI (ICG+ group) or no blood flow evaluation by ICG-FI (ICG-group). The primary endpoint was the anastomotic leakage rate (grade A+B+C, expected reduction rate of 6%) analyzed in the modified intention-to-treat population. Results: Between December 2018 and February 2021, a total of 850 patients were enrolled and randomized. After the exclusion of 11 patients, 839 were subject to the modified intention-to-treat population (422 in the ICG+ group and 417 in the ICG-group). The rate of anastomotic leakage (grade A+B+C) was significantly lower in the ICG+ group (7.6%) than in the ICG-group (11.8%) (relative risk, 0.645; 95% confidence interval 0.422--0.987; P= 0.041). The rate of anastomotic leakage (grade B+C) was 4.7% in the ICG+ group and 8.2% in the ICG- group (P=0.044), and the respective reoperation rates were 0.5% and 2.4% (P=0.021). Conclusions: Although the actual reduction rate of anastomotic leakage in the ICG+ group was lower than the expected reduction rate and ICGFI was not superior to white light, ICG-FI significantly reduced the anastomotic leakage rate by 4.2%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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11. Ramification theory of reciprocity sheaves, I: Zariski–Nagata purity

Author

Kay Rülling and Shuji Saito

Subjects
Applied Mathematics, General Mathematics
Abstract

We prove a Zariski–Nagata purity theorem for the motivic ramification filtration of a reciprocity sheaf. An important tool in the proof is a generalization of the Kato-Saito reciprocity map from geometric global class field theory to all reciprocity sheaves. As a corollary we obtain cut-by-curves and cut-by-surfaces criteria for various ramification filtrations. In some cases this reproves known theorems, in some cases we obtain new results.

Published
2023

12. Long‐term outcomes of standardized colonic stenting using WallFlex as a bridge to surgery: Multicenter prospective cohort study

Author

Shuntaro Yoshida, Toshiyuki Enomoto, Yuzuru Tamaru, Yoshihisa Saida, Toshiyasu Shiratori, Ryusaku Kusunoki, Hiroyuki Isayama, Takeaki Matsuzawa, Toshio Kuwai, Shuji Saito, Masafumi Tomita, Tomonori Yamada, Mamoru Shimada, Koichi Koizumi, and Iruru Maetani

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.medical_treatment, Perforation (oil well), Self Expandable Metallic Stents, Cohort Studies, Self-expandable metallic stent, Humans, Medicine, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Prospective Studies, Prospective cohort study, Retrospective Studies, business.industry, Proportional hazards model, Hazard ratio, Gastroenterology, Stent, Confidence interval, Surgery, Treatment Outcome, Colonic Neoplasms, Stents, Neoplasm Recurrence, Local, Colorectal Neoplasms, business, Intestinal Obstruction, Cohort study
Abstract

Objectives The oncological outcomes, especially high recurrence rate, of bridge-to-surgery (BTS) self-expandable metallic stent (SEMS) placement remain concerning, emphasizing the necessity of standardized SEMS placement. However, its impact on long-term BTS outcomes is unknown. We investigated the long-term outcomes of BTS colonic stenting using standardized SEMS placement. Methods This prospective, multicenter cohort study conducted at 46 hospitals in Japan (March 2012-October 2013) included consecutive patients with stage II and III obstructive colorectal cancer managed with BTS SEMS placement. The SEMS placement technique was standardized by information dissemination among the participating hospitals. The primary outcome was overall survival (OS) after SEMS placement, and the secondary outcomes were relapse-free survival (RFS), recurrence, and short-term outcomes of SEMS placement and surgery. Results The 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS rates were 94.1%, 77.4%, and 67.4%(Kaplan-Meier), respectively, with high technical success (99.0%, 206/208) and low perforation (1.9%, 4/208) rates. The 1-, 3-, and 5-year RFS rates were 81.6%, 65.6%, and 57.9% (Kaplan-Meier), respectively, and the overall recurrence rate was 31.0% (62/200). The RFS rate was significantly poorer in patients with perforation (n = 4) than in those without perforation (n = 196) (log-rank p = 0.017); moreover, perforation was identified as an independent factor affecting RFS (hazard ratio: 3.31; 95% confidence interval: 1.03-10.71, multivariate Cox regression). Conclusions This large, prospective, multicenter study revealed satisfactory long-term outcomes of BTS colonic stenting using a standardized SEMS insertion method, which might be specifically due to reduced perforation rate. (UMIN000007953).

Published
2021

13. RECIPROCITY SHEAVES AND THEIR RAMIFICATION FILTRATIONS

Author

Kay Rülling and Shuji Saito

Subjects
Pure mathematics, Mathematics::Number Theory, General Mathematics, Presheaf, Field (mathematics), Condensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall Effect, Conductor, Mathematics - Algebraic Geometry, Mathematics::K-Theory and Homology, Residue field, Group scheme, Artin conductor, FOS: Mathematics, Sheaf, Discrete valuation, Algebraic Geometry (math.AG), Mathematics
Abstract

We define a motivic conductor for any presheaf with transfers $F$ using the categorical framework developed for the theory of motives with modulus by Kahn-Miyazaki-Saito-Yamazaki. If $F$ is a reciprocity sheaf this conductor yields an increasing and exhaustive filtration on $F(L)$, where $L$ is any henselian discrete valuation field of geometric type over the perfect ground field. We show if $F$ is a smooth group scheme, then the motivic conductor extends the Rosenlicht-Serre conductor; if $F$ assigns to $X$ the group of finite characters on the abelianized \'etale fundamental group of $X$, then the motivic conductor agrees with the Artin conductor defined by Kato-Matsuda; if $F$ assigns to $X$ the group of integrable rank one connections (in characteristic zero), then it agrees with the irregularity. We also show that this machinery gives rise to a conductor for torsors under finite flat group schemes over the base field, which we believe to be new. We introduce a general notion of conductors on presheaves with transfers and show that on a reciprocity sheaf the motivic conductor is minimal and any conductor which is defined only for henselian discrete valuation fields of geometric type with {\em perfect} residue field can be uniquely extended to all such fields without any restriction on the residue field. For example the Kato-Matsuda Artin conductor is characterized as the canonical extension of the classical Artin conductor defined in the perfect residue field case., Comment: References updated, title changed, improved presentation to appear in J. Inst. Math. Jussieu

Published
2021

14. Cancellation theorems for reciprocity sheaves.

Author

Merici, Alberto and Shuji Saito

Subjects
ALGEBRAIC cycles, GENERALIZATION, MATHEMATICAL formulas, MATHEMATICAL analysis, COHOMOLOGY theory
Abstract

We prove cancellation theorems for reciprocity sheaves and cube-invariant modulus sheaves with transfers of Kahn-Miyazaki-Saito-Yamazaki. This generalizes a cancellation theorem for A1-invariant sheaves with transfers, which was proved by Voevodsky. As an application, we get some new formulas for internal homs of the sheaves Ωi of absolute K¨ahler differentials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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15. [A Case of Resection of Para-Aortic Lymph Node Recurrence following Rectal Cancer Surgery]

Author

Ayako, Miyajima, Shuji, Saito, Yoshinori, Ueda, Kazunori, Sasaki, Akira, Ema, Ryoichi, Hirayama, Ryo, Otsuka, and Tetsuya, Ohchi

Subjects
Male, Rectal Neoplasms, Lymphatic Metastasis, Humans, Lymph Node Excision, Lymph Nodes, Adenocarcinoma, Middle Aged
Abstract

A 54-year old man diagnosed with rectal cancer underwent laparoscopic high anterior resection with Japanese D3 lymph node dissection. The pathology results were as follows: pT2pN3M0, pStage Ⅲb(Japanese Classification of Colorectal, 8th edition). Adjuvant chemotherapy with CapeOX regimen was administered 8 courses. 1.5 years after the operation, computed tomography(CT)examination revealed a swollen para-aortic lymph node(PALN). Positron emission tomography (PET)-CT revealed PALN with high FDG uptake. We considered that neo-adjuvant chemotherapy and PALN dissection may be possible for PALN, which was isolated metastasis and curative by surgery. After 6 courses of bevacizumab-FOLFIRI therapy was administered, PALN dissection was performed. Pathological examination of the resected specimen showed adenocarcinoma in 4 of the 16 dissected lymph nodes. Histological treatment effect of preoperative therapy was Grade 1b. Postoperatively 6 courses of FOLFIRI were administered. The patient has been followed up for 7 years and 8 months after the first surgery, 5 years and 9 months after the curative resection, with no recurrence showed complete cure. Multidisciplinary treatment with anticancer drug and R0 resection was an effective treatment for isolated PALN recurrence of rectal cancer.

Published
2022

16. [Two Cases of Chemotherapy after Self-Expandable Metallic Stent Placement for Obstructive Sigmoid Cancer with Unresectable Liver Metastasis]

Author

Yoshinori, Ueda, Shuji, Saito, Ayako, Miyajima, Kazunori, Sasaki, Akira, Ema, Ryouichi, Hirayama, Ryo, Otsuka, and Tetsuya, Oochi

Subjects
Sigmoid Neoplasms, Treatment Outcome, Liver Neoplasms, Self Expandable Metallic Stents, Humans, Stents, Colorectal Neoplasms, Intestinal Obstruction, Retrospective Studies
Abstract

Immediate decompression and induction of chemotherapy are exceedingly critical for obstructive colorectal cancer patients with unresectable liver metastasis. Systematic chemotherapy was administered after self-expandable metallic stent(SEMS) placement in 2 patients with obstructive sigmoid cancer with unresectable liver metastasis. Chemotherapy-induced tumor shrinkage led to SEMS migration, enabling the use of an anti-VEGF drug. Eventually, both patients underwent successful management without restenosis.

Published
2022

18. Search for anisotropic gravitational-wave backgrounds using data from Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo's first three observing runs

Author

A. Grimaldi, M. A. Barton, Samuele Cortese, Charlie Hoy, Charalampos Markakis, L. Trozzo, Albert Lazzarini, Benno Willke, A. Grado, P. Booker, C. Cahillane, Norichika Sago, J. Hennig, V. Gayathri, J. Baird, M. Jeunon, Sascha Husa, Samaya Nissanke, S. Walsh, A. Hreibi, M. J. Szczepańczyk, M. Chaturvedi, G. Venugopalan, S. R. Mohite, Alessandra Buonanno, Gabrielle Allen, H. Y. Cheung, Rana X. Adhikari, Om Sharan Salafia, F. Donovan, Edoardo Milotti, B. Lantz, M. A. Bizouard, B. K. Berger, Denis Martynov, Claudia Moreno, N. V. Krishnendu, Marco Bazzan, Satoshi Tsuchida, C. Ingram, D. A. Melchor, F. Marion, E. Goetz, Matthew Giesler, D.B. DeBra, Giuseppe Castaldi, S. G. Crowder, K. Ito, E. Lalande, M. Cannavacciuolo, E. N. Clark, Geoffrey Lovelace, L. Nguyen Quynh, J. D. E. Creighton, Lijing Shao, M. Carpinelli, J. Liu, A. Pasqualetti, R. Bajpai, F. Garufi, Archana Pai, Surendra Nadh Somala, Yoshiyuki Obuchi, C. Talbot, Carl-Johan Haster, S. Nozaki, H. Sun, V. JaberianHamedan, Tyson Littenberg, T. Washimi, T. D. Creighton, L. A. Rees, Silvia Corezzi, S. Bae, Kai-Feng Chen, F. Paoletti, Felice Sorrentino, C. L. Chan, P. Szewczyk, A. K. Prajapati, M. Patel, C. M. Mow-Lowry, Sergey P. Vyatchanin, L. Aiello, Luigi Troiano, M. Gosselin, R. Green, H. Yuzurihara, D. Hoyland, B. F. Whiting, J. Casanueva Diaz, V. M. Bedakihale, Masako Kakizaki, R. Maggiore, C. Van Den Broeck, E. Sowell, E. Coccia, M. E. Zucker, B. A. Weaver, G. Vajente, S. M. Gaebel, T. Shimoda, Y. Okutani, J. G. Rollins, A. Mhaske, H. Hansen, T. Wlodarczyk, Laura Cadonati, L. Rolland, S. T. Countryman, S. Penn, R. M. S. Schofield, K. Mogushi, H. Estelles, Y. Huang, P. A. Duverne, S. Karki, D. Moraru, A. Dmitriev, E. Floden, V. B. Adya, A. Renzini, G. L. Mansell, Y. K. Lecoeuche, G. M. Harry, L. Naticchioni, T. Shishido, Salvatore Vitale, A. Cumming, F. Di Renzo, Gianpietro Cagnoli, L.-W. Wei, S. Katsanevas, Madeline Wade, M. Tse, D. S. Tsai, D. M. Macleod, T. D. Ramirez, M. T. Hübner, Yasufumi Kojima, J. F. J. van den Brand, C. Pluchar, P. Chanial, Abhirup Ghosh, S. Sunil, M. Tacca, G. Kang, E. Capote, A. K. Mehta, N. Man, H. Pang, K. A. Strain, K. Haughian, P. Ruggi, A. Puecher, A. Mullavey, T. J. N. Nelson, Filip Morawski, P. J. Easter, G. Guixé, Xiaohui Fan, P. Leaci, Y. R. Chen, Alessandro Bertolini, J. C. Driggers, John A. Clark, Ben Farr, Fabrizio Barone, Giuseppe Intini, D. Rozza, V. Dattilo, Tejinder Kaur, Edwin J. Son, Isobel M. Romero-Shaw, T. C. Pechsiri, Umakant D. Rapol, G. S. Wallace, Stefan Hild, J. D. Jones, A. C. Baylor, L. M. DaneshgaranBajastani, R. Huxford, Surabhi Sachdev, Christopher J. Moore, V. V. Frolov, Kazuhiro Hayama, K. Venkateswara, R. Cotesta, R. Mittleman, Kentaro Komori, Soubhik Kumar Bhaumik, Yuri Levin, Akito Araya, J. Von Wrangel, T. Kajita, L. Kleybolte, S. Oshino, G. S. Davies, T. Huynh-Dinh, Hajime Sotani, A. Z. Jan, C. Makarem, Martin Hendry, Cecilio García-Quirós, Hong Wu, J.-G. Ducoin, Richard O'Shaughnessy, B. Barr, M. C. Díaz, A. Menendez-Vazquez, P. Figura, C. M. Compton, Antonios Kontos, B. L. Swinkels, Wei-Tou Ni, V. Tiwari, K. A. Thorne, Hisa-aki Shinkai, Isabel Cordero-Carrión, S. Wu, Ll. M. Mir, Junwei Cao, R. Kirchhoff, S. P. Jadhav, M. C. Heintze, Yann Bouffanais, V. Fafone, A. Pereira, J. A. Rocha, Nelson Christensen, S. A. Usman, E. G. Seo, E. K. Porter, Kendall Ackley, R. K. Nayak, A. Allocca, Marco Romanelli, Christophe Collette, C. J. Perez, B. D. O'Brien, R. P. Udall, R. C. Walet, C. Di Fronzo, T. R. Saravanan, J. Zhang, L. F. Ortega, V. P. Mitrofanov, R. Cummings, G. Koekoek, J. Betzwieser, M. Zhan, D. W. Yeeles, Antoine Heidmann, A. Brillet, G. Eddolls, A. D. Viets, D. Meacher, E. N. Tapia San Martin, K. Haris, F. Vetrano, Z. Hong, K. Kaihotsu, S. E. Dwyer, David Keitel, A. Hagiwara, L. C. Strang, R. L. Savage, Chunglee Kim, F. W. Yang, J. S. Kissel, H. Cao, Marc Favata, A. J. Weinstein, Fumihiro Uraguchi, Roger Jones, V. Villa-Ortega, David A. Williams, S. J. Cooper, N. Raza, I. W. Harry, C-Y. Lin, N. Y. Washington, N. Letendre, Nikhil Sarin, J. Heinzel, Thanh D. Nguyen, V. J. Roma, Leo Tsukada, E. Z. Hamilton, M. Matiushechkina, Nikita S. Shcheblanov, B. H. Hsieh, Y. Miyazaki, A. D. Huddart, N. Kawai, R. J. Trudeau, Anindita Ganguly, M. Diaz-Ortiz, J. Venneberg, W. Del Pozzo, P. F. Cohadon, K. E. Ramirez, H. Heitmann, D. Sawant, M. Laxen, Anchal Gupta, Kei Kotake, H. Y. Chia, E. Cuoco, N. A. Didio, E. N.Tapia San Mertin, Fabrizio Giulio Luca Pilo, F. E. Peña Arellano, A. Ueda, D. Lumaca, L. Xiao, A. P. Spencer, A. M. Farah, M. F. Carney, D. D. Brown, Chad Hanna, A. Bramley, Yue Zhao, C. Kimball, Sakae Araki, J. J. McCann, T. J. Slaven-Blair, S. ShyamSundar, C. Stachie, A. Parisi, J. Oberling, M. Pirello, Alena Ananyeva, A. Lartaux-Vollard, Suvadeep Bose, A. Depasse, A. F. Helmling-Cornell, Ajay Kumar, N. D. Ormsby, C. Whittle, Yuki Inoue, A. M. Gretarsson, C. Bradaschia, W-R. Xu, F. Carbognani, Yang Yang, Yoshiaki Himemoto, I. M. Pinto, I. 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Milovich-Goff, Neil J. Cornish, Sarah Antier, F-L. Lin, Alessandra Corsi, D. Laghi, Nicolas Sanchis-Gual, P. Grassia, B. Shams, Kipp Cannon, D. M. Wilken, Riccardo Buscicchio, E. J. Daw, Maurizio Canepa, F. Magaña-Sandoval, P. Puppo, Javier M. Antelis, S. J. Kapadia, E. A. Huerta, H. L. Sawant, R. Goetz, Stefano Ansoldi, Tarun Souradeep, Wen-Biao Han, Wolfango Plastino, Antonio Marquina, Eric Hennes, C. L. Romel, A. S. Ubhi, T. A. Ferreira, K. D. Giardina, J. K. Wofford, M. A. Page, T. Ushiba, R. Nakashima, A. L. Urban, B. J. Piotrzkowski, B. E. Ewing, Z. Mark, Luca Baiotti, Simon Zeidler, Luigi D'Onofrio, F. Frasconi, D. Singh, T. Yoshioka, R. Flaminio, M. C. Tringali, Yousuke Itoh, Walid Chaibi, Odylio D. Aguiar, I. W. Martin, S. Hochheim, H. S. Chen, Francesco Puosi, J. Chen, N. A. Robertson, Patrick Godwin, M. C. Araya, Srishti Tiwari, C. Lazzaro, Patricia Schmidt, A. Trovato, J. G. Bartlett, P. G. Murray, Jung-Hoon Kim, N. Gohlke, Fabien Kéfélian, J. H. Hough, P. W. F. 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Ciani, Guenakh Mitselmakher, S. S. Eikenberry, Yuhang Zhao, B. A. Boom, A. M. Sergeev, Rosa Poggiani, B. Li, Mitsuhiro Fukushima, S. Farinon, A. Pele, Yutaro Enomoto, S. Doravari, Logan Richardson, Ping Huang, P. Raffai, G. I. McGhee, Stefano Bagnasco, Stephane Perries, Vincenzo Fiumara, K. Oh, Andrew Matas, Lucy E Clarke, S. H. Huttner, T. F. Bennett, J. Hanks, A. Chen, Andrew Melatos, M. Lorenzini, F. De Lillo, J. H. Briggs, Mark Hannam, A. Strunk, M. Llorens-Monteagudo, J-S. Tsao, N. Kijbunchoo, Sheelu Abraham, J. D. Bentley, P. A. Altin, M. Stover, P.H. Nguyen, D. Barker, Nicholas Demos, J. D. Lough, Soma Mukherjee, V. Sequino, C. J. Richardson, A. Samajdar, B. Sassolas, H. J. Bulten, D. C. Vander-Hyde, D. Griffith, C. M. Weller, Y. J. Huang, Bala R. Iyer, S. McCormick, Jian Li, Tristan Briant, Haocun Yu, L. Sun, T. Narikawa, A. M. Sintes, Chandra Kant Mishra, Joseph D. Romano, R. Bhandare, Ryo Yamazaki, Keiko Kokeyama, Mairi Sakellariadou, G. Pillant, Tenglin Li, L. Haegel, Viola Sordini, Masatake Ohashi, D. Mukherjee, B. Champion, P. Kolitsidou, B. Ratto, Nergis Mavalvala, Jerome Degallaix, M. Schneewind, C. Casentini, Naoko Ohishi, Sebastian Khan, B. C. Barish, F. De Matteis, Archisman Ghosh, Institut Lumière Matière [Villeurbanne] (ILM), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Laboratoire de Physique des 2 Infinis Irène Joliot-Curie (IJCLab), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Astrophysique Relativiste Théories Expériences Métrologie Instrumentation Signaux (ARTEMIS), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut des Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'informatiON (Institut FOTON), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Kastler Brossel (LKB [Collège de France]), Fédération de recherche du Département de physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure - ENS Paris (FRDPENS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon (IP2I Lyon), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire des matériaux avancés (LMA), Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Joseph Louis LAGRANGE (LAGRANGE), Université Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallée (UPEM), Ecole Superieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles de la Ville de Paris (ESPCI Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Institut des Hautes Études Scientifiques (IHES), IHES, KAGRA, Virgo, LIGO Scientific, Spectroscopies optiques des matériaux verres, amorphes et à nanoparticules (SOPRANO), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut des Hautes Etudes Scientifiques (IHES), Abbott, R., Abbott, T. D., Abraham, S., Acernese, F., Ackley, K., Adams, A., Adams, C., Adhikari, R. X., Adya, V. B., Affeldt, C., Agarwal, D., Agathos, M., Agatsuma, K., Aggarwal, N., Aguiar, O. D., Aiello, L., Ain, A., Ajith, P., Akutsu, T., Aleman, K. M., Allen, G., Allocca, A., Altin, P. A., Amato, A., Anand, S., Ananyeva, A., Anderson, S. B., Anderson, W. G., Ando, M., Angelova, S. V., Ansoldi, S., Antelis, J. M., Antier, S., Appert, S., Arai, Koya, Arai, Koji, Arai, Y., Araki, S., Araya, A., Araya, M. C., Areeda, J. S., Arène, M., Aritomi, N., Arnaud, N., Aronson, S. M., Asada, H., Asali, Y., Ashton, G., Aso, Y., Aston, S. M., Astone, P., Aubin, F., Aufmuth, P., Aultoneal, K., Austin, C., Babak, S., Badaracco, F., Bader, M. K. M., Bae, S., Bae, Y., Baer, A. M., Bagnasco, S., Bai, Y., Baiotti, L., Baird, J., Bajpai, R., Ball, M., Ballardin, G., Ballmer, S. W., Bals, M., Balsamo, A., Baltus, G., Banagiri, S., Bankar, D., Bankar, R. S., Barayoga, J. C., Barbieri, C., Barish, B. C., Barker, D., Barneo, P., Barone, F., Barr, B., Barsotti, L., Barsuglia, M., Barta, D., Bartlett, J., Barton, M. A., Bartos, I., Bassiri, R., Basti, A., Bawaj, M., Bayley, J. C., Baylor, A. C., Bazzan, M., Bécsy, B., Bedakihale, V. M., Bejger, M., Belahcene, I., Benedetto, V., Beniwal, D., Benjamin, M. G., Bennett, T. F., Bentley, J. D., Benyaala, M., Bergamin, F., Berger, B. K., Bernuzzi, S., Bersanetti, D., Bertolini, A., Betzwieser, J., Bhandare, R., Bhandari, A. V., Bhattacharjee, D., Bhaumik, S., Bidler, J., Bilenko, I. A., Billingsley, G., Birney, R., Birnholtz, O., Biscans, S., Bischi, M., Biscoveanu, S., Bisht, A., Biswas, B., Bitossi, M., Bizouard, M. -A., Blackburn, J. K., Blackman, J., Blair, C. D., Blair, D. G., Blair, R. M., Bobba, F., Bode, N., Boer, M., Bogaert, G., Boldrini, M., Bondu, F., Bonilla, E., Bonnand, R., Booker, P., Boom, B. A., Bork, R., Boschi, V., Bose, N., Bose, S., Bossilkov, V., Boudart, V., Bouffanais, Y., Bozzi, A., Bradaschia, C., Brady, P. R., Bramley, A., Branch, A., Branchesi, M., Brau, J. E., Breschi, M., Briant, T., Briggs, J. H., Brillet, A., Brinkmann, M., Brockill, P., Brooks, A. F., Brooks, J., Brown, D. D., Brunett, S., Bruno, G., Bruntz, R., Bryant, J., Buikema, A., Bulik, T., Bulten, H. J., Buonanno, A., Buscicchio, R., Buskulic, D., Byer, R. L., Cadonati, L., Caesar, M., Cagnoli, G., Cahillane, C., Cain, H. W., Bustillo, J. Calderón, Callaghan, J. D., Callister, T. A., Calloni, E., Camp, J. B., Canepa, M., Cannavacciuolo, M., Cannon, K. C., Cao, H., Cao, J., Cao, Z., Capocasa, E., Capote, E., Carapella, G., Carbognani, F., Carlin, J. B., Carney, M. F., Carpinelli, M., Carullo, G., Carver, T. L., Diaz, J. Casanueva, Casentini, C., Castaldi, G., Caudill, S., Cavaglià, M., Cavalier, F., Cavalieri, R., Cella, G., Cerdá-Durán, P., Cesarini, E., Chaibi, W., Chakravarti, K., Champion, B., Chan, C. -H., Chan, C., Chan, C. L., Chan, M., Chandra, K., Chanial, P., Chao, S., Charlton, P., Chase, E. A., Chassande-Mottin, E., Chatterjee, D., Chaturvedi, M., Chen, A., Chen, C., Chen, H. Y., Chen, J., Chen, K., Chen, X., Chen, Y. -B., Chen, Y. -R., Chen, Z., Cheng, H., Cheong, C. K., Cheung, H. Y., Chia, H. Y., Chiadini, F., Chiang, C-Y., Chierici, R., Chincarini, A., Chiofalo, M. L., Chiummo, A., Cho, G., Cho, H. S., Choate, S., Choudhary, R. K., Choudhary, S., Christensen, N., Chu, H., Chu, Q., Chu, Y-K., Chua, S., Chung, K. W., Ciani, G., Ciecielag, P., Cieślar, M., Cifaldi, M., Ciobanu, A. A., Ciolfi, R., Cipriano, F., Cirone, A., Clara, F., Clark, E. N., Clark, J. A., Clarke, L., Clearwater, P., Clesse, S., Cleva, F., Coccia, E., Cohadon, P. -F., Cohen, D. E., Cohen, L., Colleoni, M., Collette, C. G., Colpi, M., Compton, C. M., Constancio, M., Conti, L., Cooper, S. J., Corban, P., Corbitt, T. R., Cordero-Carrión, I., Corezzi, S., Corley, K. R., Cornish, N., Corre, D., Corsi, A., Cortese, S., Costa, C. A., Cotesta, R., Coughlin, M. W., Coughlin, S. B., Coulon, J. -P., Countryman, S. T., Cousins, B., Couvares, P., Covas, P. B., Coward, D. M., Cowart, M. J., Coyne, D. C., Coyne, R., Creighton, J. D. E., Creighton, T. D., Criswell, A. W., Croquette, M., Crowder, S. G., Cudell, J. R., Cullen, T. J., Cumming, A., Cummings, R., Cuoco, E., Curyło, M., Canton, T. Dal, Dálya, G., Dana, A., Daneshgaranbajastani, L. M., D’Angelo, B., Danilishin, S. L., D’Antonio, S., Danzmann, K., Darsow-Fromm, C., Dasgupta, A., Datrier, L. E. H., Dattilo, V., Dave, I., Davier, M., Davies, G. S., Davis, D., Daw, E. J., Dean, R., Debra, D., Deenadayalan, M., Degallaix, J., De Laurentis, M., Deléglise, S., Del Favero, V., De Lillo, F., De Lillo, N., Del Pozzo, W., Demarchi, L. M., De Matteis, F., D’Emilio, V., Demos, N., Dent, T., Depasse, A., De Pietri, R., De Rosa, R., De Rossi, C., Desalvo, R., De Simone, R., Dhurandhar, S., Díaz, M. C., Diaz-Ortiz, M., Didio, N. A., Dietrich, T., Di Fiore, L., Di Fronzo, C., Di Giorgio, C., Di Giovanni, F., Di Girolamo, T., Di Lieto, A., Ding, B., Di Pace, S., Di Palma, I., Di Renzo, F., Divakarla, A. K., Dmitriev, A., Doctor, Z., D’Onofrio, L., Donovan, F., Dooley, K. L., Doravari, S., Dorrington, I., Drago, M., Driggers, J. C., Drori, Y., Du, Z., Ducoin, J. -G., Dupej, P., Durante, O., D’Urso, D., Duverne, P. -A., Dwyer, S. E., Easter, P. J., Ebersold, M., Eddolls, G., Edelman, B., Edo, T. B., Edy, O., Effler, A., Eguchi, S., Eichholz, J., Eikenberry, S. S., Eisenmann, M., Eisenstein, R. A., Ejlli, A., Enomoto, Y., Errico, L., Essick, R. C., Estellés, H., Estevez, D., Etienne, Z., Etzel, T., Evans, M., Evans, T. M., Ewing, B. E., Fafone, V., Fair, H., Fairhurst, S., Fan, X., Farah, A. M., Farinon, S., Farr, B., Farr, W. M., Farrow, N. W., Fauchon-Jones, E. J., Favata, M., Fays, M., Fazio, M., Feicht, J., Fejer, M. M., Feng, F., Fenyvesi, E., Ferguson, D. L., Fernandez-Galiana, A., Ferrante, I., Ferreira, T. A., Fidecaro, F., Figura, P., Fiori, I., Fishbach, M., Fisher, R. P., Fittipaldi, R., Fiumara, V., Flaminio, R., Floden, E., Flynn, E., Fong, H., Font, J. A., Fornal, B., Forsyth, P. W. F., Franke, A., Frasca, S., Frasconi, F., Frederick, C., Frei, Z., Freise, A., Frey, R., Fritschel, P., Frolov, V. V., Fronzé, G. G., Fujii, Y., Fujikawa, Y., Fukunaga, M., Fukushima, M., Fulda, P., Fyffe, M., Gabbard, H. A., Gadre, B. U., Gaebel, S. M., Gair, J. R., Gais, J., Galaudage, S., Gamba, R., Ganapathy, D., Ganguly, A., Gao, D., Gaonkar, S. G., Garaventa, B., García-Núñez, C., García-Quirós, C., Garufi, F., Gateley, B., Gaudio, S., Gayathri, V., Ge, G., Gemme, G., Gennai, A., George, J., Gergely, L., Gewecke, P., Ghonge, S., Ghosh, Abhirup., Ghosh, Archisman, Ghosh, Shaon, Ghosh, Shrobana, Ghosh, Sourath, Giacomazzo, B., Giacoppo, L., Giaime, J. A., Giardina, K. D., Gibson, D. R., Gier, C., Giesler, M., Giri, P., Gissi, F., Glanzer, J., Gleckl, A. E., Godwin, P., Goetz, E., Goetz, R., Gohlke, N., Goncharov, B., González, G., Gopakumar, A., Gosselin, M., Gouaty, R., Grace, B., Grado, A., Granata, M., Granata, V., Grant, A., Gras, S., Grassia, P., Gray, C., Gray, R., Greco, G., Green, A. C., Green, R., Gretarsson, A. M., Gretarsson, E. M., Griffith, D., Griffiths, W., Griggs, H. L., Grignani, G., Grimaldi, A., Grimes, E., Grimm, S. J., Grote, H., Grunewald, S., Gruning, P., Guerrero, J. G., Guidi, G. M., Guimaraes, A. R., Guixé, G., Gulati, H. K., Guo, H. -K., Guo, Y., Gupta, Anchal, Gupta, Anuradha, Gupta, P., Gustafson, E. K., Gustafson, R., Guzman, F., Ha, S., Haegel, L., Hagiwara, A., Haino, S., Halim, O., Hall, E. D., Hamilton, E. Z., Hammond, G., Han, W. -B., Haney, M., Hanks, J., Hanna, C., Hannam, M. D., Hannuksela, O. A., Hansen, H., Hansen, T. J., Hanson, J., Harder, T., Hardwick, T., Haris, K., Harms, J., Harry, G. M., Harry, I. W., Hartwig, D., Hasegawa, K., Haskell, B., Hasskew, R. K., Haster, C. -J., Hattori, K., Haughian, K., Hayakawa, H., Hayama, K., Hayes, F. J., Healy, J., Heidmann, A., Heintze, M. C., Heinze, J., Heinzel, J., Heitmann, H., Hellman, F., Hello, P., Helmling-Cornell, A. F., Hemming, G., Hendry, M., Heng, I. S., Hennes, E., Hennig, J., Hennig, M. H., Vivanco, F. Hernandez, Heurs, M., Hild, S., Hill, P., Himemoto, Y., Hines, A. S., Hiranuma, Y., Hirata, N., Hirose, E., Hochheim, S., Hofman, D., Hohmann, J. N., Holgado, A. M., Holland, N. A., Hollows, I. J., Holmes, Z. J., Holt, K., Holz, D. E., Hong, Z., Hopkins, P., Hough, J., Howell, E. J., Hoy, C. G., Hoyland, D., Hreibi, A., Hsieh, B-H., Hsu, Y., Huang, G-Z., Huang, H-Y., Huang, P., Huang, Y-C., Huang, Y. -J., Huang, Y. -W., Hübner, M. T., Huddart, A. D., Huerta, E. A., Hughey, B., Hui, D. C. Y., Hui, V., Husa, S., Huttner, S. H., Huxford, R., Huynh-Dinh, T., Ide, S., Idzkowski, B., Iess, A., Ikenoue, B., Imam, S., Inayoshi, K., Inchauspe, H., Ingram, C., Inoue, Y., Intini, G., Ioka, K., Isi, M., Isleif, K., Ito, K., Itoh, Y., Iyer, B. R., Izumi, K., Jaberianhamedan, V., Jacqmin, T., Jadhav, S. J., Jadhav, S. P., James, A. L., Jan, A. Z., Jani, K., Janssens, K., Janthalur, N. N., Jaranowski, P., Jariwala, D., Jaume, R., Jenkins, A. C., Jeon, C., Jeunon, M., Jia, W., Jiang, J., Jin, H. -B., Johns, G. R., Jones, A. W., Jones, D. I., Jones, J. D., Jones, P., Jones, R., Jonker, R. J. G., Ju, L., Jung, K., Jung, P., Junker, J., Kaihotsu, K., Kajita, T., Kakizaki, M., Kalaghatgi, C. V., Kalogera, V., Kamai, B., Kamiizumi, M., Kanda, N., Kandhasamy, S., Kang, G., Kanner, J. B., Kao, Y., Kapadia, S. J., Kapasi, D. P., Karat, S., Karathanasis, C., Karki, S., Kashyap, R., Kasprzack, M., Kastaun, W., Katsanevas, S., Katsavounidis, E., Katzman, W., Kaur, T., Kawabe, K., Kawaguchi, K., Kawai, N., Kawasaki, T., Kéfélian, F., Keitel, D., Key, J. S., Khadka, S., Khalili, F. Y., Khan, I., Khan, S., Khazanov, E. A., Khetan, N., Khursheed, M., Kijbunchoo, N., Kim, C., Kim, J. C., Kim, J., Kim, K., Kim, W. S., Kim, Y. -M., Kimball, C., Kimura, N., King, P. J., Kinley-Hanlon, M., Kirchhoff, R., Kissel, J. S., Kita, N., Kitazawa, H., Kleybolte, L., Klimenko, S., Knee, A. M., Knowles, T. D., Knyazev, E., Koch, P., Koekoek, G., Kojima, Y., Kokeyama, K., Koley, S., Kolitsidou, P., Kolstein, M., Komori, K., Kondrashov, V., Kong, A. K. H., Kontos, A., Koper, N., Korobko, M., Kotake, K., Kovalam, M., Kozak, D. B., Kozakai, C., Kozu, R., Kringel, V., Krishnendu, N. V., Królak, A., Kuehn, G., Kuei, F., Kumar, A., Kumar, P., Kumar, Rahul, Kumar, Rakesh, Kume, J., Kuns, K., Kuo, C., Kuo, H-S., Kuromiya, Y., Kuroyanagi, S., Kusayanagi, K., Kwak, K., Kwang, S., Laghi, D., Lalande, E., Lam, T. L., Lamberts, A., Landry, M., Lane, B. B., Lang, R. N., Lange, J., Lantz, B., La Rosa, I., Lartaux-Vollard, A., Lasky, P. D., Laxen, M., Lazzarini, A., Lazzaro, C., Leaci, P., Leavey, S., Lecoeuche, Y. K., Lee, H. K., Lee, H. M., Lee, H. W., Lee, J., Lee, K., Lee, R., Lehmann, J., Lemaître, A., Leon, E., Leonardi, M., Leroy, N., Letendre, N., Levin, Y., Leviton, J. N., Li, A. K. Y., Li, B., Li, J., Li, K. L., Li, T. G. F., Li, X., Lin, C-Y., Lin, F-K., Lin, F-L., Lin, H. L., Lin, L. C. -C., Linde, F., Linker, S. D., Linley, J. N., Littenberg, T. B., Liu, G. C., Liu, J., Liu, K., Liu, X., Llorens-Monteagudo, M., Lo, R. K. L., Lockwood, A., Lollie, M. L., London, L. T., Longo, A., Lopez, D., Lorenzini, M., Loriette, V., Lormand, M., Losurdo, G., Lough, J. D., Lousto, C. O., Lovelace, G., Lück, H., Lumaca, D., Lundgren, A. P., Luo, L. -W., Macas, R., Macinnis, M., Macleod, D. M., Macmillan, I. A. O., Macquet, A., Hernandez, I. Magaña, Magaña-Sandoval, F., Magazzù, C., Magee, R. M., Maggiore, R., Majorana, E., Makarem, C., Maksimovic, I., Maliakal, S., Malik, A., Man, N., Mandic, V., Mangano, V., Mango, J. L., Mansell, G. L., Manske, M., Mantovani, M., Mapelli, M., Marchesoni, F., Marchio, M., Marion, F., Mark, Z., Márka, S., Márka, Z., Markakis, C., Markosyan, A. S., Markowitz, A., Maros, E., Marquina, A., Marsat, S., Martelli, F., Martin, I. W., Martin, R. M., Martinez, M., Martinez, V., Martinovic, K., Martynov, D. V., Marx, E. J., Masalehdan, H., Mason, K., Massera, E., Masserot, A., Massinger, T. J., Masso-Reid, M., Mastrogiovanni, S., Matas, A., Mateu-Lucena, M., Matichard, F., Matiushechkina, M., Mavalvala, N., Mccann, J. J., Mccarthy, R., Mcclelland, D. E., Mcclincy, P., Mccormick, S., Mcculler, L., Mcghee, G. I., Mcguire, S. C., Mcisaac, C., Mciver, J., Mcmanus, D. J., Mcrae, T., Mcwilliams, S. T., Meacher, D., Mehmet, M., Mehta, A. K., Melatos, A., Melchor, D. A., Mendell, G., Menendez-Vazquez, A., Menoni, C. S., Mercer, R. A., Mereni, L., Merfeld, K., Merilh, E. L., Merritt, J. D., Merzougui, M., Meshkov, S., Messenger, C., Messick, C., Meyers, P. M., Meylahn, F., Mhaske, A., Miani, A., Miao, H., Michaloliakos, I., Michel, C., Michimura, Y., Middleton, H., Milano, L., Miller, A. L., Millhouse, M., Mills, J. C., Milotti, E., Milovich-Goff, M. C., Minazzoli, O., Minenkov, Y., Mio, N., Mir, Ll. M., Mishkin, A., Mishra, C., Mishra, T., Mistry, T., Mitra, S., Mitrofanov, V. P., Mitselmakher, G., Mittleman, R., Miyakawa, O., Miyamoto, A., Miyazaki, Y., Miyo, K., Miyoki, S., Mo, Geoffrey, Mogushi, K., Mohapatra, S. R. P., Mohite, S. R., Molina, I., Molina-Ruiz, M., Mondin, M., Montani, M., Moore, C. 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Wen, L, Wessels, P, Westhouse, J, Wette, K, Whelan, J, White, D, Whiting, B, Whittle, C, Wilken, D, Williams, D, Williams, M, Williamson, A, Willis, J, Willke, B, Wilson, D, Winkler, W, Wipf, C, Wlodarczyk, T, Woan, G, Woehler, J, Wofford, J, Wong, I, Wu, C, Wu, D, Wu, H, Wu, S, Wysocki, D, Xiao, L, Xu, W, Yamada, T, Yamamoto, H, Yamamoto, K, Yamamoto, T, Yamashita, K, Yamazaki, R, Yang, F, Yang, L, Yang, Y, Yang, Z, Yap, M, Yeeles, D, Yelikar, A, Ying, M, Yokogawa, K, Yokoyama, J, Yokozawa, T, Yoon, A, Yoshioka, T, Yu, H, Yuzurihara, H, Zadrozny, A, Zanolin, M, Zeidler, S, Zelenova, T, Zendri, J, Zevin, M, Zhan, M, Zhang, H, Zhang, J, Zhang, L, Zhang, R, Zhang, T, Zhao, C, Zhao, G, Zhao, Y, Zhou, Z, Zhu, X, Zhu, Z, Zimmerman, A, Zucker, M, Zweizig, J, RS: FSE Grav. waves and fundamental physics, Grav. waves and fundamental physics, RS: FSE MSP, UCL - SST/IRMP - Institut de recherche en mathématique et physique, Arai, K., Arene, M., Becsy, B., Bustillo, J. C., Diaz, J. C., Cavaglia, M., Cerda-Duran, P., Chiang, C. -Y., Chu, Y. -K., Cieslar, M., Cordero-Carrion, I., Curylo, M., Canton, T. D., Dalya, G., D'Angelo, B., D'Antonio, S., Deleglise, S., D'Emilio, V., Diaz, M. C., D'Onofrio, L., D'Urso, D., Estelles, H., Fronze, G. G., Garcia-Nunez, C., Garcia-Quiros, C., Ghosh, A., Ghosh, S., Gonzalez, G., Guixe, G., Gupta, A., Vivanco, F. H., Hsieh, B. -H., Huang, G. -Z., Huang, H. -Y., Huang, Y. -C., Hubner, M. T., Kefelian, F., Krolak, A., Kumar, R., Kuo, H. -S., Lemaitre, A., Lin, C. -Y., Lin, F. -K., Lin, F. -L., Luck, H., Hernandez, I. M., Magana-Sandoval, F., Magazzu, C., Marka, S., Marka, Z., Mir, L. M., Mo, G., Mukherjee, A., Mukherjee, S., Muniz, E. A., Quynh, L. N., O'Brien, B. D., O'Dell, J., O'Reilly, B., O'Shaughnessy, R., O'Shea, E., Arellano, F. E. P., Perigois, C., Perries, S., Purrer, M., Rosinska, D., Roy, S., Schonbeck, A., Sudbeck, J., Suzuki, T., Szczepanczyk, M. J., Tanaka, K., Tanaka, T., Martin, E. N. T. S., Mertin, E. N. T. S., Tiwari, S., Torres-Forne, A., E Melo, I. T., Toyra, D., Tsao, J. -S., Van Bakel, N., Van Beuzekom, M., Van Den Brand, J. F. J., Van Der Schaaf, L., Van Heijningen, J. V., Van Putten, M. H. P. M., Van Remortel, N., Vasuth, M., Vicere, A., Von Reis, E. R. G., Von Wrangel, J., Wessels, P., Xu, W. -R., Yamamoto, K., Yang, Y., Yu, H., Zadrozny, A., Zhao, Y., LIGO Sci Collaboration, Virgo Collaboration, KAGRA Collaboration, Van Swinderen Institute for Particle Physics and G, and (Astro)-Particles Physics

Subjects
gravitational radiation: anisotropy, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), gravitational radiation: stochastic, Astronomy, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, Physics, Particles & Fields, Cosmology & Astrophysics, energy: flux, energy: density, gravitational radiation: energy, LIGO, QC, QB, Physics, Settore FIS/01, Spectral index, Galactic Center, Amplitude, General relativity, Sidereal time, Physical Sciences, [PHYS.GRQC]Physics [physics]/General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology [gr-qc], gravitational radiation: power spectrum, Gravitation, data analysis method, Anisotropic stochastic gravitational-wave background, Experimental studies of gravity, FOS: Physical sciences, O3, O2, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc), Astronomy & Astrophysics, Stochastic Background, Gravitational Waves, LIGO, Virgo, O1, O2, O3, O1, Gravitational waves, UPPER LIMITS, statistical analysis, 0103 physical sciences, advanced LIGO and Virgo, ddc:530, KAGRA, 010306 general physics, STFC, gravitational waves, Virgo, Gravitational Waves, Science & Technology, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Gravitational wave, gravitational radiation: background, RCUK, Galaxy, VIRGO, gravitational radiation: emission, spectrum: density, RADIATION, CROSS-CORRELATION SEARCH, Stochastic Background, Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik, galaxy
Abstract

We report results from searches for anisotropic stochastic gravitational-wave backgrounds using data from the first three observing runs of the Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo detectors. For the first time, we include Virgo data in our analysis and run our search with a new efficient pipeline called {\tt PyStoch} on data folded over one sidereal day. We use gravitational-wave radiometry (broadband and narrow band) to produce sky maps of stochastic gravitational-wave backgrounds and to search for gravitational waves from point sources. A spherical harmonic decomposition method is employed to look for gravitational-wave emission from spatially-extended sources. Neither technique found evidence of gravitational-wave signals. Hence we derive 95\% confidence-level upper limit sky maps on the gravitational-wave energy flux from broadband point sources, ranging from $F_{\alpha, \Theta} < {\rm (0.013 - 7.6)} \times 10^{-8} {\rm erg \, cm^{-2} \, s^{-1} \, Hz^{-1}},$ and on the (normalized) gravitational-wave energy density spectrum from extended sources, ranging from $\Omega_{\alpha, \Theta} < {\rm (0.57 - 9.3)} \times 10^{-9} \, {\rm sr^{-1}}$, depending on direction ($\Theta$) and spectral index ($\alpha$). These limits improve upon previous limits by factors of $2.9 - 3.5$. We also set 95\% confidence level upper limits on the frequency-dependent strain amplitudes of quasimonochromatic gravitational waves coming from three interesting targets, Scorpius X-1, SN 1987A and the Galactic Center, with best upper limits range from $h_0 < {\rm (1.7-2.1)} \times 10^{-25},$ a factor of $\geq 2.0$ improvement compared to previous stochastic radiometer searches., Comment: 23 Pages, 9 Figures

Published
2021

19. Reciprocity sheaves and logarithmic motives

Author

Shuji Saito

Subjects
Mathematics - Algebraic Geometry, Algebra and Number Theory, FOS: Mathematics, Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
Abstract

We connect two developments that aim to extend Voevodsky's theory of motives over a field in such a way as to encompass non-$\mathbf {A}^1$-invariant phenomena. One is theory of reciprocity sheaves introduced by Kahn, Saito and Yamazaki. The other is theory of the triangulated category $\operatorname {\mathbf {logDM}}^{{\operatorname {eff}}}$ of logarithmic motives launched by Binda, Park and Østvær. We prove that the Nisnevich cohomology of reciprocity sheaves is representable in $\operatorname {\mathbf {logDM}}^{{\operatorname {eff}}}$.

Published
2021
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20. Vibration isolation systems for the beam splitter and signal recycling mirrors of the KAGRA gravitational wave detector

Author

Hirotaka Takahashi, T. Sekiguchi, Nami Uchikata, Zong-Hong Zhu, Mitsuhiro Fukushima, H. Y. Huang, Ping Huang, Kimio Tsubono, M. Kamiizumi, R. Kozu, Shuji Saito, K. L. Li, Y. Moriwaki, Y. Mori, Atsushi Nishizawa, Souichi Telada, A. Miyamoto, T. Sawada, Kazuhiro Hayama, D. C. Y. Hui, W. S. Kim, Hiroyuki Nakano, S. Imam, Shigeo Nagano, H. L. Lin, S. Otabe, Takuya Tsutsui, Kei Kotake, Masashi Ohkawa, Jinsook Kim, K. Ito, Soichiro Morisaki, Takashi Sato, Yasufumi Kojima, C. Jeon, M. Marchio, Toshihiro Tsuzuki, T. Yamamoto, Yoichi Aso, Kohei Inayoshi, Nobuyuki Kanda, Hideaki Hayakawa, M. Takeda, Y. Tomigami, Hajime Sotani, Nobutada Kimura, Chunglee Kim, Yuka Fujii, Toshio Suzuki, M. Zhan, F. E. Peña Arellano, Fumihiro Uraguchi, T. Yokozawa, H. K. Tanaka, Hyun Lee, Eiichi Hirose, Kouji Nakamura, K. Yamashita, H. Vocca, Takahiro Tanaka, Satoshi Tsuchida, C. C. Kuo, D. Tuyenbayev, T. Yamada, Sadakazu Haino, H. Pang, C. Wu, K. Ueno, B. Ikenoue, F-L. Lin, Lijing Shao, T. Shimoda, Y. Okutani, K. Kaihotsu, Zhoujian Cao, Yoshiaki Himemoto, I. M. Pinto, S. Tanioka, K. Jung, Y. Sakuno, M. A. Barton, K. Izumi, Albert K. H. Kong, H-S. Kuo, M. Nakano, Wen-Biao Han, G. Ueshima, Y. Huang, Kyujin Kwak, K. Yamamoto, B. H. Hsieh, M. Leonardi, Y. Bae, Yuki Inoue, T. Ushiba, Yuichiro Sekiguchi, K. Shimode, J-S. Tsao, Shuen De Wu, S. Shibagaki, W. Ogaki, Simon Zeidler, Luca Baiotti, Yousuke Itoh, Z. Hong, Yuhang Zhao, E. Capocasa, Kyohei Kawaguchi, Hong Wu, Y. Kuromiya, L. Nguyen Quynh, Hiroyuki Takeda, Haruki Kitazawa, Y. Hiranuma, T. Narikawa, R. Bajpai, J. Park, Ryo Yamazaki, Y. M. Kim, H. Chu, A. Hagiwara, Hisa-aki Shinkai, C-Y. Lin, S. Sato, N. Hirata, Jun'ichi Yokoyama, Keiko Kokeyama, L. Naticchioni, T. Shishido, C-Y. Chiang, Yi Chen, R. Sugimoto, Y. Nakayama, Takashi Uchiyama, Kunihito Ioka, Yutaro Enomoto, K. Hattori, R. Nakashima, L. Trozzo, K. Oh, Yoshiyuki Obuchi, E. N. Tapia San Martin, Y. Sakai, K. Sakai, D. Gao, T. Yoshioka, N. Kawai, Norichika Sago, Akiteru Takamori, Kazuyuki Tanaka, S. Eguchi, F. K. Lin, R. Flaminio, H. B. Jin, T. Kawasaki, Akito Araya, Shinji Miyoki, G. Kang, H. Ohta, S. Takano, Kentaro Somiya, R. Hatoya, T. Kajita, A. Parisi, T. Washimi, S. Bae, A. Shoda, S. Oshino, S. Ide, H. Zhang, Masaki Ando, K. Hasegawa, E. J. Son, J. Kume, M. H. P. M. van Putten, Jishnu Suresh, Yi Yang, Yoshio Arai, C. Chen, A. Ueda, T. Tomura, K. Miyo, K. Oohara, Sakae Araki, Osamu Miyakawa, K. Okutomi, Sachiko Kuroyanagi, Tomotada Akutsu, Hideki Asada, R. Shimizu, L. C.-C. Lin, Naoki Aritomi, N. Kita, T. Tsang, Ryutaro Takahashi, Kuo-Chuan Pan, M. Chan, R. Negishi, Seog Oh, Takayuki Tomaru, Jung-Hoon Kim, Ettore Majorana, P. Jung, M. Fukunaga, G-Z. Huang, Yoshihiko Saito, Kunihiro Nagano, John J. Oh, G. Ge, C. Kozakai, Y. Fujikawa, Wei-Tou Ni, Kentaro Komori, Hideyuki Tagoshi, S. Nozaki, Norikatsu Mio, Kai-Feng Chen, S. Ha, T. Uehara, H. Yuzurihara, Masako Kakizaki, Kipp Cannon, L. W. Luo, Yuta Michimura, Rajesh Kumar, K. Kusayanagi, Ray-Kuang Lee, Hyang Woon Lee, Y. Miyazaki, Guo-Chin Liu, J. Z. Wang, Y-K. Chu, K. Yokogawa, Koji Arai, Masatake Ohashi, Naoko Ohishi, W-R. Xu, C. P. Ooi, F. Travasso, Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), and Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Gravitational-wave observatory, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Signal, law.invention, gravitational wave detectors, Optics, law, gravitational waves, vibration isolation, underground experiments, gravitational wave detectors, 0103 physical sciences, KAGRA, Interferometric gravitational wave detector, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], 010306 general physics, mirror, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Payload, business.industry, Detector, oscillation, optics, vibration isolation, Vibration isolation, underground experiments, gravitational waves, mechanical engineering, gravitational radiation detector: interferometer, business, Beam splitter, mechanics, performance
Abstract

KAGRA is an underground interferometric gravitational wave detector which is currently being commissioned. This detector relies on high-performance vibration-isolation systems to suspend its key optical components. These suspensions come in four different configurations, of which the type-B is used for the beam splitter and signal recycling mirrors. The type-B suspension comprises the payload, three geometric anti-spring filters for vertical isolation and one inverted pendulum for horizontal isolation. The payload comprises the optic, its marionette and their recoil masses, which hold local displacement sensors and coil magnet actuators used for damping the resonant modes of oscillation of the suspension itself. The beam splitter version has a modified lower section to accommodate a wider optical component. The payload is also equipped with an optical lever, used to monitor and control the position of the suspended optics from the ground. All four suspensions have now been installed in vacuum chambers. We describe the mechanical, electrical and control design, and the measured performance compared to requirements.

Published
2021

22. Overview of KAGRA: KAGRA science

Author

D. C. Y. Hui, G. Ueshima, Tatsuhiro Yamada, T. Narikawa, Ryo Yamazaki, Keiko Kokeyama, Soichiro Morisaki, C. Jeon, Kipp Cannon, Akito Araya, L. W. Luo, C. C. Kuo, Kentaro Somiya, R. Shimizu, L. C.-C. Lin, T. Kajita, A. Parisi, Hideyuki Tagoshi, D. Tuyenbayev, Shigeo Nagano, Masaki Ando, Y. M. Kim, C-Y. Chiang, M. Chan, T. Yamamoto, Kei Kotake, Norikatsu Mio, K. Hasegawa, M. H. P. M. van Putten, Jishnu Suresh, L. Nguyen Quynh, S. Ha, R. Bajpai, S. Nozaki, Nobuyuki Kanda, K. Miyo, K. Oohara, S. Ide, Kyujin Kwak, Kai-Feng Chen, M. Zhan, L. Naticchioni, T. Shishido, Hideaki Hayakawa, H. Pang, Yoshio Arai, H. K. Tanaka, R. Nakashima, Y. Huang, M. A. Barton, Eiichi Hirose, F. Fujikawa, Kouji Nakamura, T. Uehara, M. Nakano, H. Yuzurihara, H. Chu, Takayuki Tomaru, W-R. Xu, C. P. Ooi, F-L. Lin, Shuen De Wu, Masako Kakizaki, H. Vocca, Hisa-aki Shinkai, Kazuhiro Hayama, M. Leonardi, Takashi Sato, Yoshiyuki Obuchi, R. Sugimoto, Atsushi Nishizawa, S. Oshino, Yoshiaki Himemoto, I. M. Pinto, Haruki Kitazawa, Yuka Fujii, Y. Hiranuma, G. Ge, Yuichiro Sekiguchi, Kimio Tsubono, S. Otabe, Kazuyuki Tanaka, Kwan-Lok Li, Y. Sakai, Hiroki Takeda, S. Takano, K. Sakai, F. K. Lin, K. Kaihotsu, Souichi Telada, T. Sawada, E. J. Son, Kazumi Kashiyama, W. S. Kim, Takashi Uchiyama, Kunihito Ioka, Tenglin Li, J. Kume, K. Yamashita, Satoshi Tsuchida, Shinji Miyoki, Masatake Ohashi, T. Yoshioka, W. Ogaki, T. Tomura, Lijing Shao, K. Shimode, N. Kita, R. Flaminio, Z. Hong, T. Shimoda, Y. Okutani, Kentaro Komori, Naoko Ohishi, T. Tsang, Hideki Asada, Y. Tomigami, Jung-Hoon Kim, Kuo-Chuan Pan, J. Z. Wang, Y-K. Chu, K. Yokogawa, R. Negishi, Tomotada Akutsu, Hong Wu, Nobutada Kimura, Naoki Aritomi, Koji Arai, Seog Oh, Takahiro Tanaka, A. Hagiwara, C-Y. Lin, Ryutaro Takahashi, B. H. Hsieh, K. Hattori, Masashi Ohkawa, Y. Aso, Yuki Inoue, H. Ohta, Akiteru Takamori, Wen-Biao Han, H. B. Jin, S. Shibagaki, C. Z. Huang, Y. Nakayama, T. Ushiba, S. Eguchi, Luca Baiotti, Simon Zeidler, Yuhang Zhao, S. Sato, N. Hirata, A. Shoda, Yousuke Itoh, Yutaro Enomoto, T. Sekiguchi, Yi Chen, Zong-Hong Zhu, Y. Sakuno, Y. Mori, M. Kamiizumi, A. Miyamoto, Hiroyuki Nakano, J. Park, K. Ito, Y. Moriwaki, Yuta Michimura, K. Yamamoto, Y. Bae, Kyohei Kawaguchi, Rajesh Kumar, K. Kusayanagi, D. Gao, T. Kawasaki, Yi Yang, Ray-Kuang Lee, S. Tanioka, K. Jung, R. Kozu, E. Capocasa, Shuji Saito, Hyang Woon Lee, S. Imam, Jinsook Kim, Toshihiro Tsuzuki, E. N. Tapia San Martin, Kohei Inayoshi, M. Takeda, N. Kawai, T. Yokozawa, K. Okutomi, Sachiko Kuroyanagi, H. L. Lin, Y. Miyazaki, Guo-Chin Liu, Takuya Tsutsui, M. Marchio, Ettore Majorana, P. Jung, M. Fukunaga, Yoshihiko Saito, Kunihiro Nagano, John J. Oh, C. Kozakai, C. Chen, Yasufumi Kojima, Hajime Sotani, Chunglee Kim, Fumihiro Uraguchi, K. Izumi, Wei-Tou Ni, Sadakazu Haino, C. Wu, J-S. Tsao, K. Ueno, Zhoujian Cao, L. Trozzo, Norichika Sago, T. Washimi, S. Bae, F. E. Pe Na Arellano, Jun'ichi Yokoyama, K. Oh, Toshio Suzuki, Hyun Lee, F. Travasso, Hirotaka Takahashi, Nami Uchikata, Mitsuhiro Fukushima, H. Y. Huang, Ping Huang, B. Ikenoue, H-S. Kuo, G. Kang, H. Zhang, A. Ueda, Sakae Araki, Osamu Miyakawa, Albert K. H. Kong, Y. Kuromiya, Daichi Tsuna, LAPP - Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules, Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and KAGRA

Subjects
Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), FOS: Physical sciences, General Physics and Astronomy, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc), 01 natural sciences, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, Observatory, 0103 physical sciences, laser: interferometer, KAGRA, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, kagra gravitational wave kamioka, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), [PHYS]Physics [physics], Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, gravitational radiation, Astronomy, detector: upgrade, gravitational radiation detector, detector: sensitivity, Interferometry, Upgrade, [PHYS.GRQC]Physics [physics]/General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology [gr-qc], E02, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

KAGRA is a newly build gravitational-wave observatory, a laser interferometer with 3 km arm length, located in Kamioka, Gifu, Japan. In this paper in the series of KAGRA-featured articles, we discuss the science targets of KAGRA projects, considering not only the baseline KAGRA (current design) but also its future upgrade candidates (KAGRA+) for the near to middle term (~5 years)., 73 pages, 11 figures, accepted by Progress of Theoretical and Experimental Physics, in the series of KAGRA-featured articles

Published
2020

23. Overview of KAGRA: Detector design and construction history

Author

Yuta Michimura, Kyujin Kwak, Yoshiaki Himemoto, I. M. Pinto, Rajesh Kumar, K. Kusayanagi, G. Ge, R. Kozu, Soichiro Morisaki, Yuichiro Sekiguchi, Kai-Feng Chen, M. A. Barton, H. Chu, Shuji Saito, N. Kita, T. Tsang, S. Oshino, C. Z. Huang, T. Ushiba, Luca Baiotti, Simon Zeidler, Yousuke Itoh, F. Travasso, C. C. Kuo, D. Tuyenbayev, Hirotaka Takahashi, Nami Uchikata, Takashi Uchiyama, Kunihito Ioka, Kuo-Chuan Pan, M. Kamiizumi, A. Miyamoto, B. H. Hsieh, Toshio Suzuki, Hyun Lee, H. Yuzurihara, Ray-Kuang Lee, Hisa-aki Shinkai, Se-Hong Oh, J. Z. Wang, Y-K. Chu, K. Yokogawa, R. Negishi, Nobuyuki Kanda, T. Kawasaki, F. L. Lin, Shuen De Wu, Albert K. H. Kong, Yuhang Zhao, Yuki Inoue, S. Shibagaki, B. Ikenoue, Y. Tomigami, Hong Wu, Yutaro Enomoto, H. K. Tanaka, H-S. Kuo, Atsushi Nishizawa, Takahiro Tanaka, Eiichi Hirose, Kouji Nakamura, Hyang Woon Lee, Mitsuhiro Fukushima, Ping Huang, T. Sekiguchi, L. Trozzo, Norichika Sago, S. Sato, Kentaro Somiya, A. Hagiwara, Shinji Miyoki, Y. Sakuno, C-Y. Lin, Y. Miyazaki, K. Hasegawa, Yoshiyuki Obuchi, N. Hirata, Yi Chen, Koji Arai, Masaki Ando, S. Tanioka, K. Jung, M. Leonardi, R. Bajpai, Y. Hiranuma, Hideyuki Tagoshi, R. Sugimoto, Kipp Cannon, G. Ueshima, Kazuyuki Tanaka, Y. Saito, S. Takano, S. Bae, R. Shimizu, M. Marchio, T. Shishido, Zong-Hong Zhu, L. C.-C. Lin, M. Chan, Yoichi Aso, L. W. Luo, Haruki Kitazawa, J. Park, Jun'ichi Yokoyama, Y. Sakai, R. Nakashima, Satoshi Tsuchida, C. Chen, Takashi Sato, P. Jung, S. Eguchi, E. Capocasa, Yasufumi Kojima, Hiroyuki Nakano, T. Yoshioka, R. Flaminio, K. Sakai, T. Shimoda, E. J. Son, J. Kume, M. Fukunaga, K. Izumi, Hajime Sotani, Chunglee Kim, A. Shoda, K. Okutomi, Tomotada Akutsu, Sachiko Kuroyanagi, Akito Araya, T. Kajita, G. Kang, W. Ogaki, Masatake Ohashi, Z. Hong, Fumihiro Uraguchi, Kunihiro Nagano, O. Miyakawa, Kazuhiro Hayama, Tatsuhiro Yamada, Sadakazu Haino, C. Wu, M. H. P. M. van Putten, K. Ueno, S. Imam, Takayuki Tomaru, K. Miyo, K. Oohara, Naoko Ohishi, Y. M. Kim, Jinsook Kim, John J. Oh, Kentaro Komori, A. Ueda, Sakae Araki, Toshihiro Tsuzuki, T. Narikawa, E. N. Tapia San Martin, Kohei Inayoshi, M. Takeda, Keiko Kokeyama, Masashi Ohkawa, T. Yokozawa, N. Kawai, C. Kozakai, W-R. Xu, Yasunori Fujii, Y. Moriwaki, K. Shimode, C. P. Ooi, K. Yamamoto, Y. Huang, Y. Bae, Kyohei Kawaguchi, Shigeo Nagano, Kei Kotake, Wei-Tou Ni, Akiteru Takamori, H. Vocca, Norikatsu Mio, Yoshio Arai, T. Uehara, Naoki Aritomi, Ryutaro Takahashi, Guo-Chin Liu, T. Tomura, F. E. Peña Arellano, H. Pang, M. Nakano, T. Yamamoto, Hideaki Hayakawa, Kimio Tsubono, Hiroki Takeda, Souichi Telada, T. Sawada, W. S. Kim, Nobutada Kimura, Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and KAGRA

Subjects
[PHYS.ASTR.IM]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, activity report, detector: design, laser: interferometer, noise: thermal, KAGRA, gravitational radiation detector, background, cryogenics, history, mirror, fabrication, FOS: Physical sciences, General Physics and Astronomy, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc), Cryogenics, fabrication, 01 natural sciences, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, law.invention, Telescope, Optics, law, 0103 physical sciences, noise: thermal, KAGRA, laser: interferometer, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], 010306 general physics, mirror, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), activity report, detector: design, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, background, Detector, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), gravitational radiation detector, Interferometry, cryogenics, [PHYS.GRQC]Physics [physics]/General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology [gr-qc], history, business, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

KAGRA is a newly built gravitational-wave telescope, a laser interferometer comprising arms with a length of 3\,km, located in Kamioka, Gifu, Japan. KAGRA was constructed under the ground and it is operated using cryogenic mirrors that help in reducing the seismic and thermal noise. Both technologies are expected to provide directions for the future of gravitational-wave telescopes. In 2019, KAGRA finished all installations with the designed configuration, which we call the baseline KAGRA. In this occasion, we present an overview of the baseline KAGRA from various viewpoints in a series of of articles. In this article, we introduce the design configurations of KAGRA with its historical background., 33 pages, 10 figures

Published
2020

24. Radiative Cooling of the Thermally Isolated System in KAGRA Gravitational Wave Telescope

Author

A. Hagiwara, C-Y. Lin, Akito Araya, T. Kajita, M. A. Barton, R. Bajpai, Yoshiaki Himemoto, I. M. Pinto, G. Kang, M. H. P. M. van Putten, K. Miyo, K. Oohara, Tatsuhiro Yamada, Satoshi Tsuchida, Yoshiyuki Obuchi, T. Shimoda, P. Jung, M. Fukunaga, G-Z. Huang, Yuichiro Sekiguchi, B. H. Hsieh, Yuki Inoue, S. Shibagaki, Albert K. H. Kong, K. Chen, Yoshihiko Saito, H. C. Wu, Shigeo Nagano, Kei Kotake, Hisa-aki Shinkai, S. Wu, T. Shishido, R. Nakashima, T. Yoshioka, R. Flaminio, Hiroyuki Takeda, T. Narikawa, Keiko Kokeyama, S. Oshino, Takashi Uchiyama, John J. Oh, H. W. Lee, Soichiro Morisaki, G. Ge, S. Sato, Nobuyuki Kanda, N. Hirata, Y. Tomigami, A. Ueda, Yasufumi Kojima, Kunihito Ioka, Hajime Sotani, Chunglee Kim, Nobutada Kimura, H. K. Tanaka, Sakae Araki, Takahiro Tanaka, Yi Chen, Eiichi Hirose, Kouji Nakamura, F. Travasso, Hirotaka Takahashi, Kipp Cannon, T. Kawasaki, Osamu Miyakawa, D. Tuyenbayev, Fumihiro Uraguchi, Shinji Miyoki, Y. Sakuno, L. W. Luo, F-L. Lin, Wei-Tou Ni, H. Vocca, Masatake Ohashi, Toshio Suzuki, Jong-Dae Park, Takashi Sato, H. Pang, Mitsuhiro Fukushima, Koki Okutomi, K. Yamamoto, Ray-Kuang Lee, Sadakazu Haino, M. Nakano, F. E. Peiia Arellano, Kimio Tsubono, Hyun Lee, S. Imam, Naoko Ohishi, Yuka Fujii, Jinsook Kim, Sachiko Kuroyanagi, Y. Bae, G. Ueshima, Toshihiro Tsuzuki, Y. K. Chu, T. Tomura, Kohei Inayoshi, M. Marchio, S. Tanioka, Kyohei Kawaguchi, Souichi Telada, T. Sawada, T. Yokozawa, J. Z. Wang, K. Yokogawa, Yuta Michimura, B. Ikenoue, T. Sekiguchi, H. Yuzurihara, K. Hasegawa, Jun'ichi Yokoyama, E. N. Tapia San Martin, M. Leonardi, K. Jung, C. M. Kuo, W. S. Kim, Tomotada Akutsu, H-S. Kuo, N. Kawai, Zong-Hong Zhu, R. Sugimoto, Rajesh Kumar, Haruki Kitazawa, R. Kozu, Shuji Saito, K. Izumi, T. Yamamoto, K. Kusayanagi, Y. M. Kim, E. Capocasa, Kyujin Kwak, Seog Oh, Hideaki Hayakawa, Koji Arai, H. Chu, Y. Miyazaki, L. Trozzo, Norichika Sago, Atsushi Nishizawa, Koh Ueno, Y. Moriwaki, Guo-Chin Liu, S. Bae, C. M. Wu, Y. Hiranuma, W-R. Xu, C. P. Ooi, Kazuhiro Hayama, Y. Sakai, K. Sakai, R. Shimizu, L. C.-C. Lin, M. Chan, Kentaro Somiya, Edwin J. Son, Yoshio Arai, Masaki Ando, C. Chen, Naoki Aritomi, Ryutaro Takahashi, Akiteru Takamori, Chihiro Kozakai, Takayuki Tomaru, M. Takeda, K. Shimode, Yuhang Zhao, Hiroyuki Nakano, Yutaro Enomoto, W. Ogaki, Z. Hong, Masashi Ohkawa, Y. Aso, P. W. Huang, Y. Huang, Kazuyuki Tanaka, S. Takano, J. Kume, Norikatsu Mio, T. Uehara, Kentaro Komori, Hideyuki Tagoshi, N. Kita, T. Tsang, N. Uchikata, Kuo-Chuan Pan, R. Negishi, S. Eguchi, A. Shoda, T. Ushiba, Simon Zeidler, Luca Baiotti, Yousuke Itoh, Koji Nagano, M. Kamiizumi, A. Miyamoto, Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and KAGRA

Subjects
History, Radiative cooling, Thermally isolated system, detector: noise, cavity: optical, 01 natural sciences, Education, law.invention, Telescope, fluctuation: thermal, law, 0103 physical sciences, noise: thermal, KAGRA, laser: interferometer, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], 010306 general physics, mirror, Physics, radiation: thermal, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Gravitational wave, gravitational radiation, Astronomy, gravitational radiation detector, Computer Science Applications, injection, cryogenics, specific heat
Abstract

Radiative cooling of the thermally isolated system is investigated in KAGRA gravitational wave telescope. KAGRA is a laser interferometer-based detector and main mirrors constituting optical cavities are cool down to 20K to reduce noises caused by the thermal fluctuation. The mirror is suspended with the multi-stage pendulum to isolate any vibration. Therefore, this mirror suspension system has few heat links to reduce vibration injection. Thus, this system is mainly cooled down with thermal radiation. In order to understand the process of radiative cooling of the mirror, we analyzed cooling curve based on mass and specific heat. As a result, it was newly found that a cryogenic part called ”cryogenic duct-shield” seems to have large contribution in the beginning of the mirror cooling. This finding will help to design new cooling system for the next generation cryogenic gravitational wave detector.

Published
2020

25. An arm length stabilization system for KAGRA and future gravitational-wave detectors

Author

Norikatsu Mio, M. A. Barton, Masashi Ohkawa, Kai-Feng Chen, Soichiro Morisaki, K. Doi, D. Tuyenbayev, Wei-Tou Ni, Hong Wu, Kazuhiro Hayama, Jong-Dae Park, Hisa-aki Shinkai, Y. Hiranuma, N. Kimura, Zhaohuan Zhu, S. Miyoki, Chau Ron Wu, Se-Hong Oh, M. Marchio, M. Kamiizumi, M. Chan, B. H. Hsieh, Atsushi Nishizawa, Ryoji Takahashi, Yoichi Aso, C. Y. Lin, G. Ueshima, L. C.C. Lin, Koji Nagano, Takahiro Yamada, Takaaki Kajita, Yuki Inoue, Shuen De Wu, Kipp Cannon, Kentaro Komori, H. K. Lee, M. Ohashi, T. Shimoda, H Hayakawa, K. Izumi, Y. Tomigami, P. Jung, M. Fukunaga, Y. Huang, R. Shimizu, H. Chu, Y. M. Kim, T. Uehara, G-Z. Huang, A. Hagiwara, Hiroyuki Nakano, Y. Moriwaki, R. Bajpai, Jun'ichi Yokoyama, G. Ge, Takahiro Tanaka, Takaaki Yokozawa, Kei Kotake, Yoshiaki Himemoto, Keiko Kokeyama, F. E. Peña Arellano, Tetsuro Shishido, H. Pang, Y. Sakuno, M. Takeda, N. Kita, R. Nakashima, Yasufumi Kojima, Y. Sakai, Satoshi Tsuchida, Hideyuki Tagoshi, Y. Saito, Takayuki Tomaru, T. Tsang, Kentaro Somiya, Yoshio Arai, K. Sakai, Yuichiro Sekiguchi, Jianfang Wang, J. Kume, Hajime Sotani, Chunglee Kim, M. Nakano, L. W. Luo, Feng Li Lin, Yongheng Zhao, H. Vocca, Bungo Ikenoue, T. Yoshioka, Takahiro Yamamoto, Kuo-Chuan Pan, Hirotaka Takahashi, R. Flaminio, Nami Uchikata, R. Negishi, S. Oshino, S. Takano, K. Shimode, Masaki Ando, Tomotada Akutsu, T. Sekiguchi, C. Chen, Noriaki Ohmae, S. Sato, L. Baiotti, E. N. Tapia San Martin, E. Hirose, Tatsuya Narikawa, Akito Araya, K. Yamamoto, Nobuyuki Kanda, Sadakazu Haino, T. Ushiba, Y. Bae, K. Ueno, Mitsuhiro Fukushima, D. Tatsumi, S. Kanbara, Ping Huang, S. Eguchi, Takashi Uchiyama, Kunihito Ioka, Innocenzo M. Pinto, R. Kozu, Kyohei Kawaguchi, J. J. Oh, E. J. Son, L. Trozzo, Shuji Saito, Naoki Aritomi, Kenta Tanaka, Yi Chen, Akiteru Takamori, Kouji Nakamura, W. Ogaki, Naru Hirata, Chihiro Kozakai, H. Yuzurihara, T. Sato, M. H. P. M. van Putten, Z. Hong, Ayaka Shoda, T. Tomura, K. Tsubono, G. Kang, S. Bae, K. Miyo, H. Tanaka, Albert K. H. Kong, Yoshinori Fujii, Yutaro Enomoto, Ray-Kuang Lee, K. Kwak, Hyang Woon Lee, Simon Zeidler, F. Uraguchi, Yousuke Itoh, Yuta Michimura, A. Miyamoto, Rajesh Kumar, K. Kusayanagi, C. Ooi, Y. Obuchi, Y. Miyazaki, Sachiko Kuroyanagi, Nobuyuki Kawai, M. Leonardi, Guo-Chin Liu, R. Sugimoto, Hiroki Takeda, Haruki Kitazawa, Souichi Telada, T. Sawada, W. S. Kim, W-R. Xu, K. Hasegawa, H-S. Kuo, Naoko Ohishi, S. Shibagaki, Mitsuru Musha, Y-K. Chu, K. Yokogawa, Shigeo Nagano, Chin Guo Kuo, Koji Arai, Ken-ichi Oohara, A. Ueda, Sakae Araki, Osamu Miyakawa, S. Tanioka, K. Jung, Takamasa Suzuki, E. Capocasa, Koki Okutomi, S. Imam, Jinsook Kim, Toshihiro Tsuzuki, Kohei Inayoshi, N. Sago, T. Kawasaki, F. Travasso, Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), KAGRA, and Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP/Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules)

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Optical fiber, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, fibre: optical, Physics::Optics, cavity: optical, 01 natural sciences, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, law.invention, gravitational-wave detector, law, noise: spectrum, Astronomical interferometer, 95.75.Kk, Multi-colour, Physics, Detector, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), 07.60.Ly, Interferometry, [PHYS.GRQC]Physics [physics]/General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology [gr-qc], noise: suppression, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, performance, interferometer, FOS: Physical sciences, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc), Noise (electronics), Laser linewidth, Optics, 0103 physical sciences, KAGRA, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], 010306 general physics, numerical calculations, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, Gravitational wave, stability, 04.80.Nn, optics, gravitational radiation detector, laser, interferometer: design, Physics::Accelerator Physics, 95.55.Ym, business, Gravitational-wave detector, Interferometer
Abstract

Modern ground-based gravitational wave (GW) detectors require a complex interferometer configuration with multiple coupled optical cavities. Since achieving the resonances of the arm cavities is the most challenging among the lock acquisition processes, the scheme called arm length stabilization (ALS) had been employed for lock acquisition of the arm cavities. We designed a new type of the ALS, which is compatible with the interferometers having long arms like the next generation GW detectors. The features of the new ALS are that the control configuration is simpler than those of previous ones and that it is not necessary to lay optical fibers for the ALS along the kilometer-long arms of the detector. Along with simulations of its noise performance, an experimental test of the new ALS was performed utilizing a single arm cavity of KAGRA. This paper presents the first results of the test where we demonstrated that lock acquisition of the arm cavity was achieved using the new ALS and residual noise was measured to be $8.2\,\mathrm{Hz}$ in units of frequency, which is smaller than the linewidth of the arm cavity and thus low enough to lock the full interferometer of KAGRA in a repeatable and reliable manner., Comment: 21 pages, 8figures

Published
2020

28. Additional Invariants in the Case e x(X) = 2

Author

Vincent Cossart, Shuji Saito, and Uwe Jannsen

Subjects
Pure mathematics, Dimension (vector space), Key (cryptography), Order (group theory), Gravitational singularity, Mathematics
Abstract

In order to show key Theorem 6.40 in Chap. 6, we recall further invariants for singularities, which were defined by Hironaka. The definition works for any dimension, as long as the directrix is 2-dimensional.

Published
2020

30. Basic Invariants for Singularities

Author

Vincent Cossart, Uwe Jannsen, and Shuji Saito

Subjects
Pure mathematics, Gravitational singularity, Mathematics
Published
2020

32. Termination of the Fundamental Sequences of $$ \mathcal {B}$$ -Permissible Blow-Ups, and the Case e x(X) = 1

Author

Shuji Saito, Uwe Jannsen, and Vincent Cossart

Subjects
Combinatorics, Polyhedron, Mathematics, Sequence (medicine)
Abstract

In this chapter we prove the Key Theorem 6.35 in Chap. 6, by deducing it from a stronger result, Theorem 10.2 below. Moreover we will give an explicit bound on the length of the fundamental sequence, by the δ-invariant of the polyhedron at the beginning. First we introduce a basic setup.

Published
2020

33. Main Theorems and Strategy for Their Proofs

Author

Vincent Cossart, Uwe Jannsen, and Shuji Saito

Subjects
Pure mathematics, Mathematics::Commutative Algebra, Simple (abstract algebra), Noetherian scheme, Boundary (topology), Closed immersion, Mathematical proof, Mathematics
Abstract

We will treat the following two situations in a parallel way: (E) (embedded case) X is an excellent noetherian scheme, i : X↪Z is a closed immersion into an excellent regular noetherian scheme Z, and \(\mathcal {B}\) is a simple normal crossings boundary on Z (Definition 4.3). (NE) (non-embedded case) X is an excellent noetherian scheme, and \(\mathcal {B}\) is a boundary on X (Definition 5.1).

Published
2020

34. Proof in the Case $$e_x(X)=\overline {e}_x(X)=2$$ , II: Separable Residue Extensions

Author

Uwe Jannsen, Vincent Cossart, and Shuji Saito

Subjects
Physics, Combinatorics, Residue (complex analysis), Overline, Algebraic number, Separable space
Abstract

In this chapter we prove Theorem 13.7 below, which implies Key Theorem 6.40 under the assumption that the residue fields of the initial points of \(\mathcal {X}_n\) are separably algebraic over that of \(\mathcal {X}_1\). The proof is divided into two steps.

Published
2020

35. An Alternative Proof of Theorem 6.17

Author

Uwe Jannsen, Shuji Saito, and Vincent Cossart

Subjects
Algebra, Algebraic geometry, Mathematics
Abstract

We give another Proof of Theorem 6.17 which uses more classical tools in algebraic geometry.

Published
2020

36. Permissible Blow-Ups

Author

Shuji Saito, Vincent Cossart, and Uwe Jannsen

Subjects
Mathematics::Algebraic Geometry, Mathematics::Commutative Algebra, Mathematics::Analysis of PDEs
Abstract

We discuss some fundamental results on the behavior of the ν∗-invariants, the e-invariants, and the Hilbert-Samuel functions under permissible blow-ups.

Published
2020

37. On the cohomology of reciprocity sheaves

Author

Federico Binda, Kay Rülling, and Shuji Saito

Subjects
Statistics and Probability, Algebra and Number Theory, 14F43, 14F05, 14C25, Mathematics::Algebraic Topology, Theoretical Computer Science, Computational Mathematics, Mathematics - Algebraic Geometry, Mathematics::Algebraic Geometry, Mathematics::K-Theory and Homology, FOS: Mathematics, Discrete Mathematics and Combinatorics, Geometry and Topology, Algebraic Geometry (math.AG), Mathematical Physics, Analysis
Abstract

In this paper we show the existence of an action of Chow correspondences on the cohomology of reciprocity sheaves. In order to do so, we prove a number of structural results, such as a projective bundle formula, a blow-up formula, a Gysin sequence, and the existence of proper pushforward. In this way we recover and generalize analogous statements for the cohomology of Hodge sheaves and Hodge-Witt sheaves. We give several applications of the general theory to problems which have been classically studied. Among these applications, we construct new birational invariants of smooth projective varieties and obstructions to the existence of zero-cycles of degree one from the cohomology of reciprocity sheaves., Comment: 111 pages. Final version, to appear in Forum of Math. Sigma

Published
2020
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38. Introduction

Author

Vincent Cossart, Uwe Jannsen, and Shuji Saito

Published
2020

39. Characteristic Polyhedra of J ⊂ R

Author

Uwe Jannsen, Vincent Cossart, and Shuji Saito

Subjects
Combinatorics, Polyhedron, Corollary, Gravitational singularity, Base (topology), Mathematics
Abstract

In this chapter we are always in Setup A (beginning of Chap. 7). We introduce a polyhedron Δ(J, u) which plays a crucial role in this monograph. It will provide us with useful invariants of singularities of Spec(R∕J) (see Chap. 11). It also give us a natural way to transform a (u)-standard base of J into a standard base of J (see Corollary 8.26).

Published
2020

40. (u)-standard Bases

Author

Shuji Saito, Vincent Cossart, and Uwe Jannsen

Subjects
Combinatorics, Physics, Noetherian, Mathematics::Commutative Algebra, Residue field, Local ring, Maximal ideal, Ideal (ring theory), Mathematics::Representation Theory
Abstract

Let R be a regular noetherian local ring with maximal ideal \(\mathfrak {m}\) and residue field \(k=R/\mathfrak {m}\), and let \(J \subseteq \mathfrak {m}\) be an ideal.

Published
2020

42. Transformation of Standard Bases Under Blow-Ups

Author

Vincent Cossart, Shuji Saito, and Uwe Jannsen

Subjects
Pure mathematics, Mathematics::Algebraic Geometry, Mathematics::Analysis of PDEs, Base (topology), Transformation (music), Mathematics
Abstract

In this chapter we will study the transformation of a standard base under permissible blow-ups, in particular with respect to near points in the blow-up.

Published
2020

44. Factors related to difficult self‐expandable metallic stent placement for malignant colonic obstruction: A post‐hoc analysis of a multicenter study across Japan

Author

Mamoru Shimada, Nobuto Hirata, Hiroki Imagawa, Takeaki Matsuzawa, Toshio Kuwai, Koichi Koizumi, Tomonori Yamada, Yoshihisa Saida, Takashi Sasaki, Iruru Maetani, Shuntaro Yoshida, Toshiki Yamaguchi, Hiroyuki Isayama, and Shuji Saito

Subjects
Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Multivariate analysis, Colorectal cancer, Colon, medicine.medical_treatment, Operative Time, Self Expandable Metallic Stents, Colonoscopy, colorectal cancer, Cohort Studies, 03 medical and health sciences, Colonic Diseases, 0302 clinical medicine, Japan, Self-expandable metallic stent, colonoscopy, Post-hoc analysis, medicine, Humans, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Gastroenterology, self‐expandable metallic stent, Stent, Odds ratio, Original Articles, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, intestinal obstruction, Surgery, Clinical trial, Treatment Outcome, risk factor, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, Original Article, Female, business, Colorectal Neoplasms
Abstract

BACKGROUND AND AIM Colorectal cancer patients often present with large bowel obstruction. Elective placement of a self-expandable metallic stent (SEMS) can relieve obstruction, but can be challenging. Previous studies have compared cases by outcomes only, but the present study investigated successful cases only to identify factors related to prolonged and difficult SEMS placement in patients with malignant colonic obstruction. METHODS A post-hoc analysis of a multicenter clinical trial conducted between March 2012 and October 2013 at 46 facilities across Japan (UMIN000007953) was carried out; 511 patients who required SEMS placement for acute colorectal obstruction or symptomatic stricture secondary to malignant neoplasm were enrolled. Technical success rates and procedure times were recorded. Clinical and interventional parameters were investigated for their potential effect on procedure time by univariate and multivariate analyses. RESULTS Technical success rate of SEMS placement was 98%. Median procedure time was 30 (range, 4-170) min. In 27% of patients, procedure time exceeded 45 min, indicating technically difficult placement. Multivariate analyses showed significant associations between technically difficult placement and a ColoRectal Obstruction Scoring System (CROSS) score of 0 before SEMS placement (odds ratio [OR], 1.6; P < 0.05), tumor site in the right colon (OR, 2.5; P < 0.0001), stricture length ≥5 cm (OR, 2.2; P < 0.001), peritoneal carcinomatosis (OR, 1.7; P < 0.05), and multiple SEMS placement (OR, 8.0; P < 0.01). CONCLUSION Clinicians must anticipate technical challenges in cases with peritoneal carcinomatosis, a CROSS score of 0, or expansive strictures; such cases require experienced clinicians to carry out SEMS placement.

Published
2018

45. Self-expandable metallic stenting as a bridge to surgery for malignant colorectal obstruction: pooled analysis of 426 patients from two prospective multicenter series

Author

Shuntaro Yoshida, Toshiyuki Enomoto, Shinichiro Makimoto, Toshio Kuwai, Hiroyuki Isayama, Koichi Koizumi, Masafumi Tomita, Tomio Hirakawa, Rika Kyo, Takeaki Matsuzawa, Shuji Saito, Mamoru Shimada, Nobuto Hirata, Tomonori Yamada, and Yoshihisa Saida

Subjects
Male, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.medical_treatment, Self Expandable Metallic Stents, Anastomosis, Article, Colon and rectal cancer, Stoma, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Postoperative Complications, Japan, medicine, Humans, Prospective Studies, Elective surgery, Self-expandable metallic stent, Aged, business.industry, Self expandable, Mortality rate, Bridge to surgery, Palliative Care, Stent, Postoperative complication, Middle Aged, Multicenter study, Surgery, Prospective cohort study, Intestinal obstruction, Elective Surgical Procedures, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Cohort, Feasibility Studies, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, Female, business, Colorectal Neoplasms
Abstract

Background Self-expandable metallic stenting (SEMS) for malignant colorectal obstruction (MCO) as a bridge to elective surgery (BTS) is a widely used procedure. The aim of this study was to assess short-term outcomes of SEMS for MCO as BTS. Methods This study analyzed pooled data from BTS patients who were enrolled in two multicenter prospective single-arm observational clinical studies that used different stent types. Both studies were conducted by the Japan Colonic Stent Safe Procedure Research Group (JCSSPRG). The first study evaluated the WallFlex™ colonic stent for BTS or palliative treatment (PAL) from May 2012 to October 2013 and the second evaluated the Niti-S™ colonic stent from October 2013 to May 2014. Fifty-three facilities in Japan participated in the studies. Before each study started, the procedure had been shared with the participating institutions by posting details of the standard methods of SEMS placement on the JCSSPRG website. Patients were followed until discharged after surgery. Results A total of 723 consecutive patients were enrolled in the two studies. After excluding nine patients, the remaining 714 patients were evaluated as a per-protocol cohort. SEMS placement was performed in 426 patients (312 WallFlex and 114 Niti-S) as BTS and in 288 as PAL. In the 426 BTS patients, the technical success rate was 98.1% (418/426). The clinical success rate was 93.8% (392/418). SEMS-related preoperative complications occurred in 8.5% of patients (36/426), perforations in 1.9% (8/426), and stent migration in 1.2% (5/426). Primary anastomosis was possible in 91.8% of patients (391/426), 3.8% of whom (15/393) had anastomosis leakage. The overall stoma creation rate was 10.6% (45/426). The postoperative complication rate was 16.9% (72/426) and mortality rate was 0.5% (2/426). Conclusions SEMS placement for MCO as BTS is safe and effective with respect to peri-procedural outcomes. Further investigations are needed to confirm long-term oncological outcomes. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s00464-018-6324-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Published
2018

46. Duality for relative logarithmic de Rham–Witt sheaves and wildly ramified class field theory over finite fields

Author

Yigeng Zhao, Uwe Jannsen, and Shuji Saito

Subjects
Pure mathematics, Subvariety, Duality (mathematics), Étale cohomology, 01 natural sciences, Mathematics - Algebraic Geometry, Mathematics::Algebraic Geometry, Mathematics::K-Theory and Homology, 0103 physical sciences, Class field theory, FOS: Mathematics, Number Theory (math.NT), 0101 mathematics, Algebraic Geometry (math.AG), Mathematics, ddc:510, Algebra and Number Theory, Mathematics - Number Theory, 010102 general mathematics, 510 Mathematik, Cohomology, Finite field, Torsion (algebra), 14F20, 14F35, 11R37, 14G17, Perfect field, 010307 mathematical physics
Abstract

In order to study $p$-adic ��tale cohomology of an open subvariety $U$ of a smooth proper variety $X$ over a perfect field of characteristic $p>0$, we introduce new $p$-primary torsion sheaves. It is a modification of the logarithmic de Rham-Witt sheaves of $X$ depending on effective divisors $D$ supported in $X-U$. Then we establish a perfect duality between cohomology groups of the logarithmic de Rham-Witt cohomology of $U$ and an inverse limit of those of the mentioned modified sheaves. Over a finite field, the duality can be used to study wild ramification class field theory for the open subvariety $U$., 23 pages, revised version

Published
2018

47. Spline nonlinear adaptive filters considering cross terms

Author

Yasunori Sugita and Shuji Saito

Subjects
Work (thermodynamics), Mean squared error, Computer science, Activation function, 020206 networking & telecommunications, 02 engineering and technology, Filter (signal processing), Function (mathematics), Spline (mathematics), Nonlinear system, Control and Systems Engineering, Signal Processing, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Nonlinear adaptive filter, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Algorithm, Software
Abstract

The recently proposed generalized spline nonlinear adaptive filter (GSNAF) can model systems with hard nonlinearity at low computational cost. In this paper, a spline activation function (SAF) is first extended to a two-dimensional function with two sets of inputs to work well in modeling nonlinear systems with cross terms that are products of the time shifted input signals. Then, to prevent the updating of the control points of little significance, the updating algorithm is derived by combining a L1-norm penalty on the control points with the squared error cost function. Some simulations show that the proposed filter can provide comparable or better performance compared to third-order Volterra filters, and GSNAF.

Published
2021

48. RELATIVE CYCLES WITH MODULI AND REGULATOR MAPS

Author

Federico Binda and Shuji Saito

Subjects
Homotopy group, General Mathematics, 010102 general mathematics, Divisor (algebraic geometry), Type (model theory), K-theory, 01 natural sciences, Cohomology, Combinatorics, Mathematics - Algebraic Geometry, Deligne cohomology, Mathematics::Algebraic Geometry, Mathematics::K-Theory and Homology, Primary 14C25, Secondary 14C30, 14F42, 14F43, Mathematik, 0103 physical sciences, FOS: Mathematics, 010307 mathematical physics, 0101 mathematics, Algebraic Geometry (math.AG), Quotient, Mathematics, Fundamental class
Abstract

Let X be a separated scheme of finite type over a field k and D a non-reduced effective Cartier divisor on it. We attach to the pair (X, D) a cycle complex with modulus, whose homotopy groups - called higher Chow groups with modulus - generalize additive higher Chow groups of Bloch-Esnault, R\"ulling, Park and Krishna-Levine, and that sheafified on $X_{Zar}$ gives a candidate definition for a relative motivic complex of the pair, that we compute in weight 1. When X is smooth over k and D is such that $D_{red}$ is a normal crossing divisor, we construct a fundamental class in the cohomology of relative differentials for a cycle satisfying the modulus condition, refining El-Zein's explicit construction. This is used to define a natural regulator map from the relative motivic complex of (X,D) to the relative de Rham complex. When X is defined over $\mathbb{C}$, the same method leads to the construction of a regulator map to a relative version of Deligne cohomology, generalizing Bloch's regulator from higher Chow groups. Finally, when X is moreover connected and proper over $\mathbb{C}$, we use relative Deligne cohomology to define relative intermediate Jacobians with modulus $J^r_{X|D}$ of the pair (X,D). For r= dim X, we show that $J^r_{X|D}$ is the universal regular quotient of the Chow group of 0-cycles with modulus., Comment: 46 pages. Final version: Section 9 added and material rearranged. To appear in Journal of the Inst. of Math. Jussieu

Published
2017

49. Laparoscopic versus open resection for transverse and descending colon cancer: Short-term and long-term outcomes of a multicenter retrospective study of 1830 patients

Author

Tsunekazu Hanai, Shuji Saito, Ryuichiro Araki, Kenichi Sugihara, Shigeki Yamaguchi, Koki Otsuka, Junji Okuda, Masahiko Watanabe, and Jo Tashiro

Subjects
Laparoscopic surgery, Colectomies, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, medicine.medical_treatment, Transverse colon, Retrospective cohort study, General Medicine, Surgery, law.invention, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Randomized controlled trial, law, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Open Resection, Medicine, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, Stage (cooking), business, Survival rate
Abstract

Introduction Previous randomized controlled trials demonstrated similar oncological outcomes between laparoscopic and open colectomies, except for cases involving transverse colon and splenic flexure colon cancer. The objective of this study was to confirm the oncological safety and advantages of the short-term results of laparoscopic surgery for transverse and descending colon cancer in comparison with open surgery. Methods The study data were retrospectively collected from the databases of 45 hospitals. Patients with transverse or descending colon cancer who underwent laparoscopic or open R0 resection were registered. The primary end-points were the 3-year overall survival and relapse-free survival rates according to pathological stage. The secondary end-points were the short-term results, including blood loss, operative time, diet intake, hospital stay, and postoperative complications. Results Of the 1830 eligible patients, 872 underwent open colectomy and 958 underwent laparoscopic colectomy. The median follow-up period was 38.4 months. The conversion rate to open resection was 4.5%. The 3-year overall survival rate of the laparoscopic group was significantly higher than that of the open group for stage I patients (96.2% vs 99.2%; P = 0.04); it was also higher for stage II (94.0% vs 95.5%) and stage III (87.4% vs 90.2%) patients, but there were no significant differences. The 3-year relapse-free survival rate of the laparoscopic group was significantly higher than that of the open group for stage I patients; there were no differences between the open and laparoscopic groups among the stage II and III patients. In the multivariate analyses, laparoscopic resection was a significant factor in relapse-free survival. Laparoscopic patients had significantly lower blood loss and a significantly longer operative time than the open groups. Also, postoperative hospital stay was significantly shorter and postoperative morbidity was significantly lower in the laparoscopic group. Conclusion Although this retrospective study has limitations, we can conclude that laparoscopic surgery for transverse and descending colon cancer is oncologically safe and yields better short-term results than open surgery.

Published
2017

50. A Case of Five-year Survival with Metachronous Ovarian Metastasis after Curative Surgery of Rectal Cancer

Author

Kazunori Sasaki, Shuji Saito, and Tomohide Takahashi

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Colorectal cancer, business.industry, General surgery, Gastroenterology, medicine.disease, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Ovarian metastasis, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, medicine, Curative surgery, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, Surgery, business
Published
2017

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