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This study was conducted to assess whether Lactobacillus-containing probiotics could protect intestinal mucosa in rats during traumatic hemorrhagic shock and to determine its underlying mechanisms. Healthy male Sprague–Dawley rats (300 ± 20 g) were randomly divided into four groups. During the study, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, western blotting, and hematoxylin and eosin methods were used. There was a significant increase in the expression of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) in the rats that experienced traumatic hemorrhagic shock, along with increased mRNA of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL)-6. Pretreatment with Lactobacillus-containing probiotics reduced TLR4 expression, decreased phosphorylation (Ser536) and acetylation (Lys310) of p65, and decreased TNF-α and IL-6 mRNA. The probiotics combined acetate Ringer’s group showed a less severe pathological manifestation compared to the other experimental groups. Lactobacillus-containing probiotics inhibited nuclear factor-kappa B signaling via the downregulation of TLR4, resulting in inflammatory homeostasis, which might be the mechanism whereby Lactobacillus protects the intestinal mucosa from damage caused by the traumatic hemorrhagic shock.

The increasing microplastics (MPs) pollution in freshwater wetlands has received global concerns. To investigate the spatiotemporal dynamics of MPs in the wetlands of Poyang Lake, surface water and sediment samples were collected from five rivers entering the lake as well as the confluence of Poyang Lake into the Yangtze River, in both dry and wet seasons. The MPs in water and sediment were extracted by the digestion-filtration method and flotation-separation-digestion-filtration method, respectively. Light microscope, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscope were used for microplastic characterization. The results showed that the abundance of MPs ranged from 32.1 to 127.3 n·L淡水湿地中日益严重的微塑料(MPs)污染已引起全球关注。为了解鄱阳湖典型湿地微塑料的时空动态特征,相继于丰水期和枯水期采集鄱阳湖流域五河入湖段和鄱阳湖汇入长江出湖段的水体和沉积物样品,分别采用消解抽滤法和浮选分离-消解抽滤法分离水体和沉积物中的微塑料,采用显微镜、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪和扫描电镜鉴定分析微塑料表征。结果表明: 鄱阳湖各区域丰水期水体和沉积物微塑料丰度范围分别为32.1～127.3 n·L

Background Glioma, one of the most prevalent and aggressive cancers, is regulated by long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs). This study aims to research the functional mechanism of lncRNA PCGEM1 involved in glioma progression. Methods Expression levels of PCGEM1, miR-539-5p and CDK6 were analyzed by qRT-PCR in NHA, U251, U87, and LN229 cells or glioma tissues. shRNAs were used to knock down PCGEM1 in U251 and LN229 cells. Kaplan-Meier curve and log rank test were utilized to examine survival rate. CCK8 (Cell Counting Kit-8) assay, colony formation assay and EdU staining were conducted to detect cell proliferation. Transwell assay was performed to evaluate cell migration and invasion. Luciferase reporter assay was conducted to assess RNA interaction between PCGEM1 and miR-539-5p. Nude mice were used for tumor xenograft assay. Results LncRNA PCGEM1 was upregulated in glioma tissues and tumor cell lines. PCGEM1 upregulation predicted unsatisfactory prognosis. PCGEM1 knockdown inhibited proliferation, colony formation, migration and invasion. PCGEM1 knockdown delayed tumor growth in vivo. PCGEM1 played as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) for miR-539-5p to promote CDK6 expression. MiR-539-5p mimics repressed glioma progression while CDK6 overexpression reversed the roles of PCGEM1 knockdown. Conclusion PCGEM1 knockdown suppressed glioma progression through sponging miR-539-5p and regulating CDK6 expression, implying PCGEM1 as a potential therapeutic target.

As a new type of pollutant, microplastics have attracted increasing attention. Microplastics in aquatic ecosystems are accumulating at an unprecedented scale, causing significant environmental and economic impacts. In this study, sediments and different types of microplastic samples were collected from the

Dissolved organic nitrogen derived from soluble microbial products (SMPs-DON) generated during the drinking water biological treatment process poses a great threat to water supply safety due to the potential carcinogenic risk. To further study the production mechanism and characteristics of SMPs-DON in drinking water biological aerated filtration (BAF), Illumina MiSeq sequencing is applied to characterize the microbial community. In addition, an excitation–emission matrix combined with the parallel factor model (EEM-PARAFAC) and gel filtration chromatography (GFC) are used to analyze the component and molecular weight (MW) distribution of the SMPs-DON. Results showed that the production of SMPs-DON in drinking water BAF can be explained using Illumina MiSeq sequencing from the perspective of the microbial community. Also, according to the EEM-PARAFAC analysis, the fluorescence intensity scores of fulvic-like and humic-like substances were almost unchanged, whereas the scores of protein-like substances first increased and then decreased, which was consistent with the variation in the DON concentration. SMPs produced initially primarily consisted of macromolecules with MW >20 kDa, and then they were degraded and small molecular SMPs with MW

In this paper, the exact solutions of a generalized (2+1)-dimensional soliton equation are explored. Firstly, we use the theory of Bell polynomials to derive the bilinear form of the equation. Then, we solve the N-soliton solutions of the equation. Lastly, we draw the three-dimensional images of the single and double soliton solutions, and investigate the dynamical evolution of the solitons.

To investigate the effects and the underlying mechanisms of salidroside on diabetic cardiomyopathy, diabetes was induced in mice by a long-term high-fat diet and a low-dose injection of streptozocin. Measurements of cardiac function, biochemical analysis, and histopathological examinations were conducted to evaluate the therapeutic effects of salidroside. In this study, we found that diabetic mice exhibited decreased cardiac systolic function and impaired mitochondrial ultrastructure. Pre-treatment with salidroside protected mice against myocardial dysfunction, reduced blood glucose, improved insulin resistance, and induced mitochondrial biogenesis. Neonatal rat cardiomyocytes were cultured to explore the mechanisms of salidroside in vitro. Salidroside alleviated decreased expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1α), mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) via phosphorylation of 5' AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), which may be associated with mitochondrial biogenesis. Salidroside also increased sirtuin-3 (SIRT3) expression in cardiomyocytes. Furthermore, salidroside promoted the translocation of SIRT3 from cytoplasm to mitochondria and increased the deacetylation of mitochondrial proteins such as manganese-dependent superoxide dismutase (MnSOD). In Conclusion, salidroside not only improved diabetes, but also ameliorated diabetic cardiomyopathy, which was at least partly associated with the activation of mitochondrial SIRT3, AMPK/Akt, and PGC-1α/TFAM and subsequent improving mitochondrial function.

To improve the understanding of dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) variation characteristics in a biological aerated filter (BAF) used for drinking water treatment, this study investigated the effects of gas-water ratios (0, 0.5:1, 2:1, and 10:1), a controlling factor of BAF operation, on DON characteristics. The dissolved organic carbon (DOC) removal efficiency in the BAF was consistent with DON concentration and increased as the gas-water ratio increased to a certain point, above which the increase gradually decreased. The optimal gas-water ratio in this study was considered to be 2:1 from the perspective of DOC removal and DON reduction. Use of fluorescence regional integration (FRI) and parallel factor (PARAFAC) model to analyze the effects of the gas-water ratio on the spectral characteristics of DON revealed that humic acid-like substances were not sensitive to the gas-water ratio, while protein-like substances were more sensitive. Increasing the gas-water ratio was beneficial to the reduction of biodegradable DON. Correlation analysis showed that the results obtained using FRI were consistent with those obtained using the PARAFAC model under different gas-water ratios.

Carbapenemase-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CR-KP) has become one of the nosocomial infections that seriously threaten the lives of patients, greatly increasing the burden on patients. In order to explore the resistance mechanism of clinically isolated CR-KP to carbapenems and perform multilocus sequence typing (MLST), to study the clinical characteristics of patients with different ST types of infection, we collected 74 CR-KP strains clinically isolated from the main 6 hospitals in Zhejiang province from January 2018 to July 2020. The sensitivity of the tested strains to 23 antibacterial drugs was determined by the microbroth dilution method, and PCR was applied. Gene amplification technology and DNA sequencing methods were used to detect the carbapenemase gene of the tested strains. Through the MLST of the tested strains, the clonal correlation and molecular epidemiological characteristics of the tested strains were explored, and the characteristics of CR-KP resistance, resistance mechanisms, and clinical characteristics of bacterial infections under different MLST types were analyzed at the same time. The results showed that 74 carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae strains showed high resistance to 21 commonly used antibacterial drugs, and all carbapenemase phenotypic screening tests were positive. MLST typing showed that 74 CR-KP strains had 17 ST typings, and ST11 was the dominant type (54.05%). The study also found that these ST11 strains are more likely to be resistant to carbapenem antibiotics. Most of them produce KPC carbapenemase, and a few are IMP, VIM, and NDM. Univariate analysis suggested that the proportion of patients in the ST11 group receiving treatment in ICU, the use rate of mechanical ventilation, and the proportion of drainage tube indwelling were higher than those in the non-ST11 group, and the survival rate of the ST11 group was lower than that of the non-ST11 group. Clinical data suggested that the same hospital was dominated by the same clonal epidemic in the same period. In view of the analysis of clinical data suggesting that patients who have received ICU treatment, mechanical ventilation, and drainage tube indwelling are prone to the risk of CR-KP strain (especially ST11) infection and low survival rate, such patients should arouse extensive clinical attention.

With the rapid development of information technology and the deepening of education reform, flipped classroom, as a new teaching mode, has received considerable attention from the education circle as soon as it appeared. This paper analyzes the teaching design principles of big data flipped classroom combined scenario simulation, constructs the teaching design model of big data flipped classroom combined scenario simulation in medical clinical practice, and explores the application and effect of the teaching method of big data flipped classroom combined scenario simulation. In this paper, the experimental group takes care of fusion simulations combined with the flipped classroom teaching method, and the routine control group uses the traditional teaching method; the scores of the two groups on theory, learning initiative, clinical practice, and critical thinking ability allow comparing the teaching effect, concluding that health care integration scenario simulation combined with flipped classroom teaching methods is new. It is beneficial to improve the learning ability, improve the ability of medical cooperation, enhance the sense of humanistic care, and so on. Analysis and comparison concludes that turning medical fusion simulations combined with classroom teaching, promoting the medical students on medical students’ clinical practice to master theoretical knowledge and practical operation ability, and improving the ability of critical thinking ability and care will lead medical students to make a study of basic knowledge of medicine helping to cultivate the graduate student’s study enthusiasm, stimulating interest in learning, improving the comprehensive quality of medical specialty, and making it worth popularizing in practice teaching.

An accessible and cost-effective approach for preparation of copper layers used as electrode materials of ceramic capacitors based on inkjet printing and electroless plating technique has been investigated. An Ag(I) ink was inkjet-printed on the pretreated barium titanate (BaTiO3) ceramics to catalyze the growth of copper film in subsequent electroless plating. The ink concentration was explored to achieve best catalytic effect, as well as the pretreatment time and the copper plating time were investigated to guarantee desirable film morphology and performance. SEM, XRD and sheet resistance test were conducted to analyze the morphological, structural and electrical properties of copper films. By applying this approach, a continuous copper film with high crystallization and fine morphology was obtained, which showed excellent electrical and mechanical performances with a resistivity as low as 3.77 × 10−8 Ω m and a reliable adhesion strength. The copper electrodes could be prepared in large scale, and the ceramic capacitors with such copper layers had been proven to meet the requirements of industrial application as filter components. Easily-achieved mass production and superiority over commercial products in electrical and mechanical performance of the copper electrodes make the approach a better alternative for preparation of electrodes of ceramic capacitors in industrial production.

In order to enhance the efficiency and benefits of the sludge anaerobic digestion process, K2FeO4 was added to a sludge anaerobic digestion system, and its effects on the system were comprehensively investigated. Results showed that sludge anaerobic digestion was greatly improved by adding 500 mg/L K2FeO4. Biogas and methane productions were increased by 26.6 and 28.4%, respectively. Sludge reduction, protein removal, and the conversion efficiency of dissolved organics were all improved. The mechanism revealed that the disintegration of sludge flocs, enhancement of protease activity, and decrease of soluble sulfide toxicity on microorganisms contributed to biogas production and sludge reduction. Biogas quality was improved, benefitting from the decreasing H2S content in biogas; as additionally, the cost of biogas desulfuration was reduced. In the biogas slurry treatment, the PO43−-P concentrations were decreased by 39%, which also reduced the cost of the dephosphorization processes at certain extent.

A new resin material has been developed by massive formula exploration. The resin is thoroughly transparent and rock-like at low temperatures. Its tension–compression strength ratio is up to 1/6.6 in the temperature range of − 10 to − 15 °C. It can simulate quite a few kinds of engineering rocks. Specimens have been made with two internal cracks. The progressive failures under uniaxial and biaxial compressions are systematically studied. The uniaxial failure process is divided into four stages as conventional rock mechanics test. Several forms of secondary cracks, like anti-wing cracks in the biaxial experiment with high lateral pressure, have seldom been described by former scholars. Three-dimensional numerical simulation has been conducted using FLAC3D. A novel elastic-brittle constitutive model is developed and programed. Superfine mesh generation is demanded as well. Both uniaxial and biaxial results of the new numerical approach show excellent consistency with experimental results in this paper.

Tb3+-doped TiO2 (TiO2:Tb3+) films are synthesized by a facile sol-gel method. The hot-electron current of Au/TiO2:Tb3+ Schottky diodes was enhanced by UV light decreasing the height of Schottky barrier. Compared with pure TiO2, doping Tb3+ can reduce the background current originating from the internal photoelectric effect in TiO2, and improve the on/off ratio. This is due to the energy and charge transfer mechanism from TiO2 to Tb3+. Photogenerated electrons in TiO2:Tb3+ films excited by UV light can be consumed by radiative electron transitions from the level 5D4 to the 7Fj (j=6, 5, 4, 3) for Tb3+. This is beneficial and effective to regulate the electronic state of optoelectronic materials.

High-quality Sn2+-sensitized PbS films were deposited via a cost‐effective chemical route. The results demonstrate that the Sn2+-sensitized PbS thin films have better crystallinity and larger grain size. Photoelectric performance of Sn2+-sensitized PbS films has been improved greatly in the visible and near-infrared range. With Sn2+ sensibilization, photoresponsivity is more than 9 times higher, and detectivity is as high as ~1010 cm2 Hz1/2 W−1. Notably, the response speed of the Sn2+-sensitized PbS films reaches a magnitude of microseconds, which is over 105 times improvements compared with the pure PbS film devices. Additionally, high-frequency switching behavior at 4 kHz shows excellent stability. Based on the feasible method and excellent photoelectric performance of the devices, it has been demonstrated that Sn2+ sensibilization is of viability to improve the detection performance of commercial photodetectors.

The relationship between Lamin B2 and tumor proliferation and migration is unclear. We explored the impact of Lamin B2 on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. Tissue microarray and immunohistochemistry were combined to evaluate Lamin B2 expression and its relationship with the clinicopathological factors found in NSCLC. Western blotting, immunofluorescence analysis, and bioinformatics were used to investigate the effects of Lamin B2 on various regulatory pathways in cancer. Cytological experiments were conducted to evaluate Lamin B2 expression in tumor cells. We conducted co-immunoprecipitation and chromatin immunoprecipitation to explore the molecular mechanisms underlying the relationship between Lamin B2 and NSCLC and evaluate the results of rescue experiments. Lamin B2 was highly expressed in NSCLC and positively correlated with lymph node metastasis. In NSCLC, Lamin B2 interacted with Cyclin D1, upregulating G9α expression, thus increasing H3K9me2 levels. H3K9me2 binds to the promoter region of the E-cadherin gene (CDH1) to induce CDH1 silencing and promotes cancer cell migration. Thus, we found that Lamin B2 was highly expressed in NSCLC cells and promoted their migration by increasing H3K9me2 levels, which induced E-cadherin gene silencing.

In this paper, we fabricate ordered pore array (OPA) Ag film coated glass with the aid of polystyrene sphere (PS) array templates. This kind of OPA Ag coated glass has optical advantages of visible transparency, blue and near-infrared resistance. The average visible transmittance is 68%, including a transmission peak of 78% located at 570 nm, and low average transmittance of 48% in the blue light region that is not damaging to the eyes. The near-infrared light blocking rate is 67%, among which 40% light is reflected directly, indicating the reflection domination.

Microplastic pollution (plastics with particle sizes5 mm) has become a serious problem. In this study, we sampled the surface water, sediment, and bird excrement from the shore, center of the lake, and active areas for birds in Baisha Lake, which is key habitat for migratory birds in the Poyang Lake wetlands. The microplastics were separated by flotation separation, and then, we analyzed the pollution characteristics of this area. The main results were as follows. ① There were significant differences in the abundance of microplastics in water and sediment at different sampling points in the study area. The average abundance of microplastics in water and sediment were 263.28 per·m

Heavy metals are typical pollutants in the environment and microplastics are relatively newly recognized environmental pollutants, with their coexistence potentially compounding pollution and ecological risks. In this study, we investigate the contents and morphological characteristics of microplastics and heavy metals (Cu, Cd, Pb, Zn, and Cr) in the estuarine sediments of Poyang Lake and the Yangtze River as a means of exploring the relationship between them. The results showed that the abundance of microplastics ranged from 356 n·kg

The nonlinear Schrödinger equation (NLS) is widely used in different branches of physics. The GP equation is a kind of NLS equation with potential function term. In this paper, the soliton solutions of a generalized GP equation are explored. Firstly, we construct the Lax pair and Darboux transform(DT) of the equation. Then, we solve the single and double soliton solutions of the equation. Lastly, we draw the images of the single and double soliton solutions, and investigate the properties of the solitons. It is found that the amplitude of a single solitary wave does not change, and the shape and amplitude of the double solitary wave remain unchanged after the collision.

Conductive polymer composites (CPCs) containing nanoscale conductive fillers have been widely studied for their potential use in various applications. In this paper, polypyrrole (PPy)/polydopamine (PDA)/silver nanowire (AgNW) composites with high electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding performance, good adhesion ability and light weight are successfully fabricated via a simple in situ polymerization method followed by a mixture process. Benefiting from the intrinsic adhesion properties of PDA, the adhesion ability and mechanical properties of the PPy/PDA/AgNW composites are significantly improved. The incorporation of AgNWs endows the functionalized PPy with tunable electrical conductivity and enhanced EMI shielding effectiveness (SE). By adjusting the AgNW loading degree in the PPy/PDA/AgNW composites from 0 to 50 wt%, the electrical conductivity of the composites greatly increases from 0.01 to 1206.72 S cm-1, and the EMI SE of the composites changes from 6.5 to 48.4 dB accordingly (8.0-12.0 GHz, X-band). Moreover, due to the extremely low density of PPy, the PPy/PDA/AgNW (20 wt%) composites show a superior light weight of 0.28 g cm-3. In general, it can be concluded that the PPy/PDA/AgNW composites with tunable electrical conductivity, good adhesion properties and light weight can be used as excellent EMI shielding materials.

With the increasingly serious environmental problems, China has adopted more and more strict industrial production emission policies. Haze pollutes the weather and limits the production of polluting enterprises have seriously affected the normal production process of the factory. The pollutants discharged in automobile manufacturing process are increasing, and the environmental pollution caused by automobile coating needs to be solved urgently. Because a large amount of solvent-based paint is used in the production process, the pollution caused by volatile organic compounds is difficult to avoid. RCO is a new technology in the field of automobile coating waste gas treatment. Application of RCO in automobile coating waste gas treatment is studied.

A highly transparent and super-hydrophilic double-layer anti-reflection coating was prepared by a simple and economical sol-gel method based on the glass substrate. The bottom and top layer were respectively made with SiO2–TiO2 sol and SiO2–TiO2-PEG300 sol. The average transmittance of the substrate coated with the double-layer coating is increased by 7% up to 97.4% in the visible light band, and the peak transmittance reaches 99% at about 550 nm. In addition, double-layer anti-reflection coating shows a good super-hydrophilic self-cleaning performance, and the transmittance of the coating can be restored by simple washing with water. Furthermore, due to the existence of anatase TiO2, the composite coating can restore the super-hydrophilicity damaged by dust under UV light.

Elevated plasma low density lipoprotein (LDL) is an established risk factor for cardiovascular disease. In addition to being able to cross the endothelial barrier to become accumulated in subendothelial space and thereby initiate atherosclerosis, LDL may exert a direct effect on vascular endothelial cells through activation of LDL receptor and its downstream signaling. Whether LDL can modulate the signaling for autophagy in endothelial cells is not clear. The present study firstly demonstrated that LDL can suppress endothelial autophagy through activation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway and can promote glucose uptake by translocating glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) from cytoplasm to cell membrane, actions similar to those of insulin. A co-immunoprecipitation assay found that LDL receptor (LDLR) and insulin receptor (IR) formed a complex in HUVECs. Knock down of the insulin receptor by small interfering RNA blocked the suppression of autophagy by LDL, as well as the signaling pathway involved. We conclude that LDL may mimic the action of insulin in endothelial cells, which might partly explain the increased incidence of diabetes in patients receiving some LDL-lowering therapy.

Research on a new electrochemical method with iron electrodes and aluminum electrodes for removal of lead, zinc, and copper from wastewater was studied. Several parameters such as initial pH, hydraulic retention time, mass of Fe/C, applied voltage, and particle diameter of Fe/C were studied to achieve a high removal capacity. The results indicated that the new electrochemical method using aluminum electrodes or iron electrodes for removal efficiency of lead, zinc, and copper are very high. But the lifetime of aluminum electrodes is smaller than 2.44 times the lifetime of iron electrodes. The optimal condition of the new electrochemical method was achieved in two iron electrodes, an initial pH of 4–6, a hydraulic retention time of 75 min, a mass of Fe/C of 125 g, an applied voltage of 10 V, and a particle diameter of Fe/C of 20–27 mesh. At this optimal condition and the initial concentration of ions of 50 mg/L, the residual concentration of lead, zinc, and copper are 0.548, 0.886, and 0.588 mg/L, r...

This study was performed to determine the feasibility of enhancing removal of zinc ions from aqueous solutions using an iron-carbon internal micro-electrolysis (ICIME) followed by iron hydroxide self-flocculation (IHSF) process. Results shown that the Zn2+ removal using ICIME was improved by IHSF significantly. The pH=3, mass ratio of Fe/AC=2: 1, hydraulic reaction time=30min of ICIME and pH=9, both aeration time and static placing time were 60min of IHSF were proposed as the optimum conditions. Under these conditions, the removal efficiency and residual concentration of Zn2+ from lead and zinc smelting wastewater were reached 99.10%, 1.32mg/L. Meanwhile, other metal ions and the F- also were removed effectively. Lead and zinc smelting wastewater could meet the discharging standard (integrated wastewater discharge standard (GB8978-1996)) of China. The Zn2+ removal was significantly influenced by other metal ions existing in aqueous solutions. Contrast and breakthrough time experiment indicated the Compare with single Fe and ICIME, ICIME followed by IHSF have a higher efficiency and bearing capacity for Zn2+ removal. ICIME removal of Zn2+ enhanced by IHSF is a feasible method.

Hirschsprung-associated enterocolitis (HAEC) is a serious complication of Hirschsprung's disease (HD), with generalized sepsis and high mortality rate. Although the surgical correction of HD is mostly successful, challenges remain in the management of children with repeated episodes of enterocolitis. The authors describe a novel modification of transanal rectal mucosectomy and partial internal anal sphincterectomy (TRM-PIAS) for HD.One hundred twenty-seven HD children aged from 8 days to 16 years who successfully underwent TRM-PIAS were reviewed. TRM-PIAS was carried out circumferentially along the anorectal line. Anterior dissection was conducted between the rectal submuscosal layer and the rectal muscular sleeve. The posterior dissection was performed along the plane between internal and external anal sphincters. Normal colon was pulled through and anastomosed to anal mucosa. Aganglionic segment, rectal mucosa, part of internal anal sphincter and posterior rectal muscular cuff were removed. Twenty-five age-matched children without defecation dysfunction were used as the control group in the study of anal resting pressure.Patients were followed up for 6-12 years (median: 8.2 years). The median age at last follow-up was 12.2 years (7.2-20.1 years). The incidence of enterocolitis decreased from 33.9% (43/127) preoperatively to 1.6% (2/127) postoperatively (P0.01). The incidence of constipation decreased from 100% (127/127) preoperatively to 2.4% (3/127) postoperatively (P0.01). Soiling rate on postoperative 1 month was 32.3%. It gradually decreased to 1.6% 6 months later. Anorectal manometries showed that mean anal resting pressure was significantly reduced from 37.9±12.5 mm Hg preoperatively to 20.2±6.4 mm Hg on postoperative 1 month and 24.8±9.9 mm Hg on postoperative 6 months, which were similar to age-matched normal controls (27.9±9.6 mm Hg, P0.05).TRM-PIAS is effective in treatment of HD. It is associated with low postoperative HD-associated enterocolitis.

This study presents definitions of principal stress/strain range and mean stress/strain introduced by utilizing Itoh-Sakane criterion for multiaxial loading including non-proportional loading, and shows the method of calculating the non-proportional factor which expresses the severity of non-proportional loading under the multiaxial 3D loading. This paper also shows a method of visually presenting the stress/strain, the non-proportionality of loading and the damage evaluation.

This study discusses fatigue properties of low carbon steel under multiaxial non-proportional loading and an evaluation of failure life. Multiaxial fatigue tests under non-proportional loading with various stress amplitudes were carried out using a hollow cylinder specimen in low and high cycle regions at room temperature. In the test, three types of strain/stress path were employed. They are a push-pull, a reversed torsion and a combined push-pull and reversed torsion loadings in which stress amplitudes used were constant and random. This study evaluates an effect of non-proportional loading on fatigue life in the high cycle fatigue region to discuss the applicability of ΔεNP proposed by Itoh et al. on life evaluations in the high cycle region and under random loading.

In order to explore the and biological reference frame to suit to development in the large river of songliao basin and to meet the need of water quality standards of basin institutions, the study on methods of biological assessment of deep type river at home and abroad were referred, combined with the methods of determining the specified aquatic organisms and provided the necessary technical support for conventional biological monitoring and evaluation water quality programs of river basin.

This work introduced water resource management of some developed countries such as the USA, Australia, Japan, Germany, France, etc. The countries developed individual water resources management models based on their own conditions. In America, a coordinative mode between region and river basin was formed. The Japanese muti-flood control mode which clarified the responsibilities of the administration and local government enhanced the management. Singapore owns a unique management mode, which effectively guaranteed the implementation of water resource management. This work offers references to the formation of water resource management modes suitable for different countries.

Renewable energy sources such as biomass are becoming more and more important as alternative to fossil fuels. One of the most exciting new sources of biomass is microalgae. One of the major obstacles in the commercial production of microalgae as feedstock for biomass-to-liquid fuels, is the development of energy efficient and cost effective harvesting methods for the separation of micro-algal biomass from its growth medium. The problem of water shortage and lack of energy have become key restricting factors for the economic development of the world. Biomass energy due to its renewability, low pollution and other advantages is considered as the most potential products to alleviate the water pollution and energy crisis. Algae, the third generation of biomass, have many advantages such as wide distribution, high oil content, strong environment adaptability, short growth cycle and low production cost. Thus the use of algae biomass has attracted more and more attention. This paper describes the progress of the algae biomass energy research, the key issues and trends in the industrial process.

Coming from a single zygote, monozygotic (MZ) twins share nearly all of their genetic materials and are almost strikingly similar in appearance. Yet they are often discordant for important phenotypes including complex diseases. The study of discordant MZ twins allows us to understand the role of epigenetics in complex traits by controlling many potential confounders, such as genetic factors, maternal effects, age and sex. As we know, DNA methylation is the most stable epigenetic modification. In human, many causal genes, regulating disease status by DNA methylation modification in imprinting disorders, psychological disorders, autoimmune diseases and cancers, have been discovered, which provides a foundation for studying epigenetic regulation of diseases and application of epigenetic drugs. This article reviews the latest findings on DNA methylation status, estimates of DNA methylation heritability as well as studies of DNA methylation regulation in complex traits using MZ twins, in order to provide reference for research on epigenetic modification in complex traits.

This study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of single-incision laparoscopic-assisted anorectoplasty (SILAARP) for children with persistent cloaca.Five patients with persistent cloaca underwent SILAARP and repair of the urogenital sinus between June 2014 and February 2015. The mean age of the patients at the time of operation was 0.80 ± 0.16 year (range, 0.6-1.0 year). An extralong 5-mm 30° laparoscope was inserted through the 5-mm middle port. Two 3-mm lateral ports were placed for instruments. The three ports were placed at a horizontal line through a 2-cm transumbilical incision. CO2 pressure was maintained between 8 and 12 mm Hg. The patients were evaluated for fecal continence and complications.SILAARP and repair of the urogenital sinus were successfully performed in all patients. The mean operation time ranged from 120 minutes to 130 minutes. The operative blood loss was minimal. There were no operative complications. All patients were followed up for 0.64 ± 0.29 year (range, 0.3-1.0 year). No patient developed fecal incontinence. Two of the 5 patients (40%) had two to four stools per days, but this did not cause social problems. Only 1 patient (20%) had constipation and required changes in diet. No wound infection, port-site hernia, urethrovaginal fistula, acquired anorectal atresia, or urethral injury occurred.Our results show that SILAARP is an effective and safe option for patients with persistent cloaca.

Purpose The application of laparoscopic surgery in pancreatic surgery in children is limited. In this article, we describe laparoscopic pancreaticojejunostomy for children with congenital pancreatic ductal dilatation. Methods Four children with recurrent pancreatitis and pancreatic ductal dilatation underwent laparoscopic pancreaticojejunostomy between July 2009 and November 2011. Longitudinal incision of the dilated pancreatic ducts and side-to-side Roux-Y pancreaticojejunostomy were performed. Results Operative time ranged from 103 to 154 min, and blood loss was minimal. The average postoperative hospital stay was 4 to 6 days. There were no pancreatic leaks. None of the patients experienced recurrence of pancreatitis. Conclusions Laparoscopic pancreaticojejunostomy for children with congenital pancreatic ductal dilatation is safe and effective.

Purpose Extrahepatic portal venous obstruction is the most common cause of portal hypertension in children. The Rex shunt has been used successfully to treat patients with extrahepatic portal hypertension. In the conventional Rex shunt, the internal jugular vein is used as a venous graft. Inevitably, such a procedure requires neck exploration and sacrifice of internal jugular vein. The authors describe a novel adaptation of gastroportal shunt, successfully carried out in 8 children with extrahepatic portal hypertension. Methods The mean age of the 8 patients (6 boys and 2 girls) was 66.6 months at the time of operation. All children had portal hypertension. Seven had a history of upper gastrointestinal bleeding, and 4 had splenomegaly and hypersplenism. Gastroportal shunt was performed in all patients. The left gastric vein was mobilized and anastomosed to left portal vein. In 1 patient, the left gastric vein was not of adequate length and required a venous graft (the inferior mesenteric vein). All patients were followed up for 3 to 20 months (median, 9 months). Results The gastroportal shunt was successfully performed in all patients. The median operative time was 265 minutes (range, 205-360 minutes). Operative blood loss was 21 ± 7.4 mL, and the length of hospital stay varied from 9 to 19 days (median, 15 days). Intraoperative portal venous angiography demonstrated the patency of the shunt in all patients. Postoperatively, the complete blood count normalized, and the biochemistry tests were within reference range. Postoperative ultrasound confirmed shunt patency and satisfactory flow in the gastroportal shunt in each patient. The size of spleen decreased. There was no recurrence of variceal bleeding. Conclusions The gastroportal shunt is an effective treatment of extrahepatic portal hypertension.

Mg(NH2)2 was synthesized by first high energy milling MgH2 powder in a 99.995% NH3 atmosphere and then heat treating at 300oC, and hydrogen storage properties of prepared Mg(NH2)2+2.2LiH (molar ratio) had been studied in the temperature range of 150-240oC. It was found that mechanical milling of Mg (NH2)2 and LiH with molar ratio 1:2.2 followed by heat treatment under static hydrogen pressure and dehydrogenating at 208.5oC yields the desired reversible hydrogen storage phase: Li2Mg(NH)2. Desorption kinetics reveal a rapid reaction for the system and the maximum hydrogen capacity can reach 4.6 wt. % at 208.5oC. The system starts to dehydrogenate at 150oC and the Arrhenius activation energy Ea of desorption reaction can be determined to be 25.8 kJ/mol H2 based on the data of kinetics. Additionally, the desorption reaction enthalpy (H) and entropy (S) are calculated to be 42.8 kJ/mol H2 and 149.2 J. K-1/ mol H2 respectively from PCI measurements.

Mathematics, being an important part of human culture, plays a significant role in both spiritual life and material life of people. Mathematical literacy is one of the most basic scientific literacies, which is of far-reaching importance to cultivate mathematical literacy of students in college mathematics education. This paper elaborates the contents of mathematical literacy, discusses the necessity of cultivating mathematical literacy of college students, and proposes effective approaches of improving the literacy of college students.

This paper has discussed the optimization problem about how to minimize the waste by adjusting canning quantity in beverage automatic canning machine. Supposing the defective goods were discarded, I have taken the average canned loss of every bottle of the finished product as target function and established optimization model 1.Meanwhile, the convenient and fast solution is given. Then two more general mathematical models are given after the assumptions being changed. At last, I have provided the simple operation scheme for manufacturers which could reduce their losses.

With the advent of the popular higher education era, some new problems have appeared in the teaching of college mathematic courses in colleges and universities. With considerations of the above problems, this paper will discuss some experience on how to improve the educational quality of college mathematic courses. Moreover, the methods of teaching by background knowledge, instructing learning methods, the visual teaching of abstract concepts and the stratified teaching method are put forward in order to improve the educational quality of college mathematics.