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Metals with high oxidation states (HOSs) (e.g., +V to +X) are of great interest to chemists, although it is challenging to trigger the reactivity of metals with HOSs, because they are usually highl...

Fundamental understanding regarding oxygen storage capacity involving how and why an active site can buffer a large number of oxygen atoms in redox processes is vital to the design of advanced oxyg...

Oxidation of CO by gas-phase atomic clusters is being actively studied to understand the molecular-level mechanisms of heterogeneous CO oxidation over related catalytic surfaces. However, it is experimentally challenging to study CO oxidation by neutral heteronuclear metal oxide clusters because of the difficulty of cluster ionization and detection without fragmentation. Herein, the neutral AuVO $_{2-4}$ clusters were experimentally generated and their reactions with CO and O $_2$ were studied. The experimental results showed that CO adsorption is the dominant channel on the interactions of AuVO $_4$ and AuVO $_3$ with CO, and AuVO $_2$ can pick up an O $_2$ molecule to generate AuVO $_4$ . Theoretical studies indicated that the oxidation of the trapped CO in AuVO $_{3,4}$ CO into CO $_2$ is exothermic while the reaction barriers have to be overcome at the elevated temperatures. A catalytic cycle for CO oxidation by AuVO $_{2-4}$ is proposed.

Fundamental understanding regarding oxygen storage capacity involving how and why an active site can buffer a large number of oxygen atoms in redox processes is vital to the design of advanced oxygen storage materials, while it is challenging because of the complexity of heterogeneous catalysis. Herein, we identified that an eight-atom iridium-aluminum oxide cluster IrAlO

Three new ion–pair complexes, [2-ClBz-2′-NH2Py]2[Cu(mnt)2](1), [2-Cl-4-ClBz-2-NH2Py]2[Cu(mnt)2](2) and [2-Cl-4-BrBz-2′-NH2Py]2[Cu(mnt)2]·C2H5OH(3) ([2-Cl-4-RBz-2′-NH2Py]+ = 1-(2′-chloro-4′-Rbenzyl)-2-aminopyridinium, R = H, Cl, Br; mnt2− = maleonitriledithiolate), were synthesized and characterized by elemental analyses, IR, UV–visible, single crystal X−ray diffraction and magnetic measurements. Both 1 and 2 crystallize in the monoclinic space group P2(1)/c, and the [Cu(mnt)2]2− anions and the cations form a 1D network structure through the N–H⋅⋅⋅N hydrogen bonds. While the anions in 3 form a ladder-like chain through the C–H⋅⋅⋅N interactions between the [Cu(mnt)2]2− anions and CH3CH2OH molecules. Some weak interactions such as π⋅⋅⋅π, Cu⋅⋅⋅N, Cl⋅⋅⋅C, and C–H⋅⋅⋅Cl, O–H⋅⋅⋅Cl, C–H⋅⋅⋅S, N–H⋅⋅⋅O, N–H⋅⋅⋅N and C–H⋅⋅⋅N hydrogen bonds in three molecular solids generate further a 3D network structure. The magnetic measurement reveals that 1 shows a very weak ferromagnetic interaction, and 2 exhibits a transition from ferromagnetic to antiferromagnetic coupling about 15 K, while 3 shows an antiferromagnetic coupling feature with θ = −12.51 K when the temperature is lowered.

The reaction of CoCl2 with the naphthalene methylated triphenylphosphinium bromide [n-NAPMeTPP]Br (n = 1, 2) and KSCN, in a methanolic medium at ambient temperature, leads to the self-assembly formation of hybrid 2:1 organic–inorganic molecular solids, [1-NAPMeTPP]2[Co(NCS)4](1) and [2-NAPMeTPP]2[Co(NCS)4](2) ([NAPMeTPP]+ = (naphthylmethylene)(triphenyl)phosphinium), which have been characterized by elemental analyses, IR spectroscopy, UV–Vis spectra, ESI-MS, molar conductivity and single-crystal X-ray diffraction structural analyses. Compound 1 crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group Pna21, while 2 does in the monoclinic space group C2/c. The cations form a dimer through the weak intermolecular C–H⋯π interactions in 1 and π⋯π interaction in 2, while the anion and cation are linked by the C–H⋯S hydrogen bond in 1. Two molecular solids show dual functionalities: (1) the broad fluorescence emission around 400 nm in the solid state at room temperature; (2) the weak antiferromagnetic coupling behavior.

BACKGROUND Patient education has been shown to be more effective when delivered using multimedia than written materials. However, the effects of using multimedia to assist patients in cardiac rehabilitation have not been investigated. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of an inpatient multimedia exercise training program on distance walked in the 6-minute walking test (6MWT), heart rate recovery, and walking self-efficacy of patients who had undergone heart surgery. METHODS For this longitudinal quasi-experimental study, 60 consecutive patients were assigned to an experimental (n = 20; inpatient multimedia exercise training program) or control (n = 40; routine care) group. Data were collected at 3 times (before surgery, 1 to 2 days before hospital discharge, and 1 month after hospital discharge) and analyzed with the generalized estimating equation approach. RESULTS Most subjects were men (66.7%), had a mean age of 61.32 ± 13.4 years and left ventricular ejection fraction of 56.96% ± 13.28%, and underwent coronary artery bypass graft surgery (n = 34, 56.7%). Subjects receiving the exercise training program showed significantly greater improvement than those in the control group in the 6MWT walking distance (P < .001), heart rate recovery (P = .04), and self-efficacy (P = .002) at hospital discharge. Furthermore, the intervention effects on 6MWT distance (P < .001) and self-efficacy (P < .001) were sustained at 1 month after hospital discharge. CONCLUSION Our inpatient multimedia exercise training program safely improved distance walked in the 6MWT, heart rate recovery, and self-efficacy at hospital discharge in patients after heart surgery and maintained their improvement in 6MWT and self-efficacy 1 month later.

Two new organic-inorganic molecular solids of tetra(isothiocyanate)cobalt(II) dianion and disubstituted benzyl triphenylphosphinium, [2Cl4FBzTPP]2[Co(NCS)4] (1) and [2Cl4ClBzTPP]2[Co(NCS)4] (2) ([2Cl4FBzTPP](+)=1-(2'-chloro-4'-fluorobenzyltriphenylphosphonium) and [2Cl4ClBzTPP](+)=1-(2',4'-dichlorobenzyltriphenylphosphonium), were synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, FT-IR, UV-Vis spectra, ESI-MS and single crystal X-ray diffraction method. Compounds 1 and 2 crystallize in the monoclinic Pc and triclinic P-1, respectively. The Co(II) ion of the [Co(NCS)4](2-) anion shows a distorted tetrahedral coordination geometry. The [2Cl4FBzTPP](+) cations containing P(2) atoms in 1 form a column by the Cl⋯π interactions, while the [2Cl4ClBzTPP](+) cations in 2 form two columns by the C-H⋯π and π⋯π interactions. The anion and the cation are linked by C-H⋯S hydrogen bonds and Cl⋯S interactions. Magnetic susceptibility measurement in the temperature range 2-300K shows that both 1 and 2 exhibit a weak antiferromagnetic exchange interaction as the temperature falls, and ultraviolet fluorescence emission in the solid state at room temperature.

Patients who receive heart transplantation surgery following end-stage cardiac failure benefit from efforts to improve their post-surgical quality of life. Assessing and managing perioperative care play an important role in heart transplantation. Evaluations of donor and recipient should be conducted carefully and recommended candidates should by vetted by a qualified heart transplantation committee. The operative procedure is different from general cardiac surgery, and organ preservation is a key step in linking the donor to the recipient. Postoperative infection control and administration of immunosuppressive agents further affect the outcome of heart transplantation. Based on a review of articles and our clinical care experience, we focus on the assessment and the management of heart transplantation in this article.從心開始—心臟移植病人之評估與處置心臟衰竭末期病人接受心臟移植手術後可獲得正常的心臟功能，享受延長的生命。然一個心臟移植手術，手術前、中、後期的治療與照顧皆扮演著重要的角色。術前捐贈者及受贈者的審慎評估、移植器官的保存，手術中特殊的手術技巧與步驟、及術後使用免疫抑制劑並且要預防感染與排斥的發生，使心臟移植病人的照護相較其他心臟手術更顯複雜。對於心臟移植手術病人心臟功能的恢復、感染及排斥等合併症，需仰賴具有專業知識和臨床技術的醫護人員來評估及判斷病人的狀況，及早發現相關合併症的產生，並給予適切的照護。此篇文章藉由臨床照護經驗，配合心臟移植的相關文獻，針對心臟移植手術病人醫療評估與處置、及術後相關照護做一介紹，提供醫護人員於心臟移植手術病人照護時之參考。

Taiwan's Department of Health (DOH) promotes a standardized 2-year training program to raise the competence of newly certified nurses in the realms of patient care, nursing professionalism and communication skills as well as to ensure professional nurse training program quality.This study evaluated training program participants' self-perception of nursing competency.We used a cross-sectional approach and structured questionnaire to evaluate the nursing competency of 128 nurse trainees at a medical center. Questionnaires were filled out independently by participants and thus reflect participant self-assessments of questionnaire items. Descriptive and correlation analyses further explored data.Results showed: mean scores were 3.80 ± .60 for clinical technique; 3.78 ± .67 for administrative skill; and 3.21 ± .88 for educational and research skills . Nursing ability correlated significantly with age, seniority, nursing grade, and courses taken. The relationship between participant total score and program completion ratio formed a "V"-shaped distribution.The DOH training program was has a positive effect on nursing competency in nurse trainees. Results also provide valuable information and suggestions for revising the DOH's nurse training program in the future.

Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery is indicated for patients with coronary artery disease in order to relieve symptoms, improve life quality and prolong life. Gradual improvements in operative techniques and perioperative care have made CABG surgery an increasingly common treatment option for those with coronary artery disease. Injury to the myocardium, inflammatory responses due to intraoperative events and potential complications with extracorporeal circulation are primary issues that may negatively impact patient outcomes. This article describes concepts related to the pathophysiology of one patient who underwent a coronary artery bypass graft surgery and offers a single case study to compare clinical findings against established theoretical and empirical knowledge. The individualized nursing intervention for this case is presented and discussed as well.