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Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing; ISSN 2084-4735

A leaching experiment was launched on silver ore whose silver content is 101.6g/t in Yunnan province, China. Technological mineralogy research of the ore indicates that the content of carbon which is bad for leaching is 2.23%. Leachable silver minerals mainly are oxidized silver, elemental silver and silver sulfide. And the theory leaching ratio of the silver ore is 67.43%. When the content of-74um is 75%; dosage of sodium cyanide is 4.5kg/t; dosage of lime is 0.5kg/t; velocity of agitation is 400r/min; leaching time is 24h, a best indicator which leaching ratio is 70.47% can be obtained. Meanwhile, silver in lixivium is 20.42mg/L.

The mineral processing flow sheet and reagent system of flotation copper minerals from alarge copper sulfide deposit in Yunnan were fully investigated. The results indicated that the optimum conditions for flotation of copper minerals from the material were identified as follows: grinding fineness of 80%(-0.074mm), dosage of CaO 800g/t, butyl xanthate 100g/t.Under such condition, a copper recovery of 90.57% with a concentrate grade of 19.52% was achieved from the material using a closed circuit flow sheet of one-stage roughing flotation, two-stage cleaning flotation and two-stage scavenging flotation.

This paper discusses the progress of lead-zinc mineral processing technology and flotation reagents of China, and proposes that optimize technological process and develop new reagents are the main directions.

Copper ore is the main mineral for the large deposits. Copper minerals are mostly consisting of chalcopyrite, secondly consisting of bornite, there are traces of processing copper blue and malachite, the mineral is disseminated by coarse granularity. This mineral is easy to processing. Production process was using by the process of grinding-flotation. After grinding fineness, lime dosage, sodium sulfide dosage, collector and frother dosage, were determined by the open test. Closed circuit experiment was conducted by those optimal conditions identified in the above test, the recovery of copper concentrate is 88.38% and the grade of copper concentrate is 14.37%.

In order to provide essential information for enterprises to exploit the iron ore of Yunnan province in China, properties of the ore were analyzed. Experiments of the best grinding fineness analysis and magnetic separation current were conducted. The result show that the ore is martite; when the grinding fineness content below 74um is 95%, and magnetic separation current is 10A (0.8T), iron concentrate with a grade of 65.40% and a recovery of 90.49% can be obtained. Sulfur and phosphorus content in the iron concentrate is 0.057% and 0.011%, respectively.

In order to improve the grade and recovery of antimony, antimony ore in the process of flotation, this exploratory experiment by reagent addition, process selection to realize. The main parameters of the first set of experiments; grinding fineness of 70% lead nitrate, 200g, Black Powder 100g, directly add collector, did not add kerosene decarburization, choose a coarse, two sweep, two fine flotation process; and the second group of experiments the main parameters; grinding fineness of 70% 200g, lead nitrate, xanthene’s, the choice of a coarse, two sweep, two fine flotation process. The combination of two different groups of flotation experiment comparison, makes the antimony ore grade and recovery can be increased.

In the blast furnace production process, the high iron content in the sludge produced by collecting, Iron can be used as recycled raw materials. Experimental study found that the use of magnetic roasting - weak magnetic iron powder method of recovering technology is feasible. The optimum conditions are: the grinding fineness is 87%, calcination temperature is 750 °C, roasting time is 25min, magnetic current is 1.5A under conditions to obtain a grade of 59% recovery rate of 79.3% iron ore .

Various collectors and combinations of them were used for experimental study on flotation of oxide copper ore in Huidong and the results showed that isoamyl xanthate would be a proper collector agent. When using it at 550g/t, the rough concentrate grade was 3.97%, and the recovery rate reached its highest value of 83.05%.

Methods used for mineral processing-metallurgy combined processes of copper oxide ore were reviewed and the research directions of copper oxide ore were pointed out.

In this study, the effect of leaching of malachite was investigated using phosphoric acid solution as leaching agent. The effect of temperature on the leaching of malachite was investigated. The leaching rate increased with increasing solution temperature, and a kinetic model was developed to represent this relationship. The leaching was controlled by the shrinking core model for surface chemical reaction. The activation energy of the leaching process was determined to be 30.65kJ/mol.

To improve the recovery of copper from refractory copper oxidized ore by sulfidization-flotation process. The result determined the optimal flotation process parameters of refractory copper oxidized ore, and the better quota selecting separately obtained by a large number of research. The copper concentrate grade reaches 10.85%, the recovery reaches 57.41%.

The industrialization is progressing on the unparalleled scale, bringing an ever greater impetus to the growth of mining industry. China has had its unique pattern of developing its mining engineerin: firstly importing technologies, then studying and absorbing them, and finally achieving some innovation. Until now, China has been honored with some of mining theories taking the lead in the international mining world. As the disseminators of human civilization including advanced mining technologies, the Chinese professionals concerned are duty-bound to introduce abroad Chinas new progresses in mining engineering; that they are skillfully equipped with the four kinds of English abilities in reading, writing, listening and speaking, which is prerequisite for them to work well in foreign cooperation, has become an urgent matter to for them as well as for the authorities concerned.

The copper oxide ore is high oxidation ratio and the high combination ratio with a low grade of Cu 0.71%. Copper concentrate of Cu 15.02% with a recovery of 38.55% was obtained by flotation. The optimum acid leaching conditions were investigated. Effects of lixiviant concentration, solid-to-liquid ratio, leaching time were investigated. The acid leaching efficiency was 78.75% relative to flotation tailings. By the combination of flotation and acid leaching flotation tailings, most of the Cu in the minerals can be enriched, the total recovery of copper reached 86.85%.

In this paper, the leaching effect of zinc oxide ore was investigated using ammonium sulfate solution as leaching agent. The effects of temperature, concentration of ammonium sulfate, average particle size and stirring speed on the leaching of zinc oxide ore were studied. The leaching rate increased with increasing solution temperature, concentration, and stirring speed as well as with decreasing average particle size. Ammonium sulfate solution can therefore be used as an effective leaching agent for zinc extraction from zinc oxide ore.

The dissolution equilibrium of galena within the entire pH range was theoretically calculated, which was based on coordination chemistry, thermodynamics and the mass balance principle of Pb2+ and S2- in pulp solution. The calculation result showed that the total lead concentration (CPbT) of galena decreased significantly with increasing pH below 7 or so; however, at pH of about 10, a reverse trend of CPbT may be observed. Within the pH range from 7 to 10, the CPbT of galena remained close and presents a minimum value of around 10-10 mol/L. This paper may provide a theoretical basis for the dissolution process of galena and its conditioning stage before benefication by adopting flotation method.

In this study, the dissolution effect of zinc oxide ore was investigated using sulfamic acid solution as leaching agent. The effects of temperature, concentration of sulfamic acid, average particle size and stirring speed on the dissolution of zinc oxide ore were investigated. The dissolution rate increased with increasing solution temperature, concentration, and stirring speed as well as with decreasing average particle size. Sulfamic acid solution can therefore be used as an effective leaching agent for zinc extraction from zinc oxide ore.

A craft of sodium hydroxide roasting-aqueous leaching process is investigated for the treatment of a high arsenic pyrite cinders, a common by-product in vitriol industry. The pyrite cinders, containing 58.27% Fe, and 0.98% As, was conducted for the craft. The results demonstrated that iron concentrate with 58.87% Fe, 0.13% As and 87.40% of arsenic removal percentage was obtained under the optimal conditions (a roasting temperature of 1000°C, a roasting duration of 120 min and a mass ratio of sodium hydroxide to pyrite cinders of 8%).This craft can be used to utilize pyrite cinders and produce qualified concentrate as iron-bearing feed for steel industry, which will help to solve the pollution of pyrite cinders and extend raw material sourcing for Chinese steel industry.

The dissolution equilibrium of cerussite within the entire pH range was theoretically calculated, which was based on coordination chemistry, thermodynamics and the mass balance principle of Pb2+ and CO32- in pulp solution. The calculation result showed that the total lead concentration (CPbT) of cerussite decreased significantly with increasing pH below 6 or so; however, at pH of about 10, a reverse trend of CPbT may be observed. Within the pH range from 6 to 10, the CPbT of cerussite remained close and presents a minimum value of around 10-4 mol/L. This paper may provide a theoretical basis for the dissolution process of cerussite and its conditioning stage before benefication by adopting flotation method.

In this study, an iron ore was investigated with high content of phosphorus and sulphur about 1.09% and 1.4%, respectively. The grade of Fe is about 30%, which is mainly composed of siderite, about 23.40% of iron is existed in the form of silicate, such as chlorite, canbyite, and a small amount of pyrite, magnetite. The phosphorous mainly occurred as apatite, which is close united with the phase of iron, and the sulphur mainly comes from pyrite. According to the mineralogy analysis of run-of-mine, acid leaching and reduction roasting with sodium carbonate is used for the high efficiently dephosphorization and desulfurization. Magnetic tube experiment after reduction roasting with sodium carbonate, an iron concentrate with 84.5%, Fe was produced with 69.7% relative recovery as a result of magnetic tube experiment carried out with 3A electric current.

A new method for the preparation of Fe3O4 NPs from byproduct of titanium dioxide-copperas was studied in this study. Core-shell structures and chemical composition of the nanoparticles have been investigated by TEM, XRD and FTIR techniques. The results indicated that the Fe3O4 NPs can be synthesized and obtained from copperas by chemical co-precipitation method and have a uniform spherical morphology with an average diameter of about 10 nm. The mole ratio of Fe2+ to Fe3+was one of the most important factors during the chemical co-precipitation processing, which has a great effect on the yield and size distribution of precipitations. The recommended mole ratio f Fe2+ to Fe3+ was 1.75:1. The saturated magnetization of Fe3O4 NPs was 52.8emug-1 at 25°C and this material exhibited excellent magnetic properties. A new way was therefore provided for the comprehensive utilization of the unmarketable copperas. Moreover, the Fe3O4 NPs obtained from the copperas have a big potential in environmental decontamination, medical technology and biological science.

In this study, according to the characteristics of scheelite in run-of-mine, the scheelite was concentrated by adopting the full flotation process with sodium carbonate as regulator agent, sodium silicate as inhibitor for gangue minerals, lead nitrate as activator and ZL pharmacy as collector. 6.15% of the coarse scheelite concentration with tungsten recovery of 96.18% was obtained from the raw ores with grade of 0.86%. The concentration of rough tungsten by heating, by which the high-quality scheelite with tungsten of 62.31% and tungsten concentrate recovery of 93.53% was obtained.

The optimization condition of flotation reagents of complex and refractory lead oxide ores from Yunnan was studied in this paper. Based on the research on the properties of the material, the grinding fineness and reagent dosages were investigated and a technological flowsheet consisting of one roughing flotation, two scavenging flotation and two concentrate flotation was adopted. The optimum parameters of flotation experiment were determined as grinding fineness of 85%, dosage of sodium silicate at 800 g/t, dosage of Na2S at 1200 g/t and dosage of isoamyl xanthate at 600 g/t. Under such a condition, a lead recovery of 76.55% with a concentrate grade of 58.67% was obtained, which effectively improved utilization of lead resource.

Through earliest experimental study to tailings of Yangla copper ore known that under the best conditions of the flotation process can be obtained a copper concentrate which copper grade of 1.43% and recovery was 29.71%. Due to copper minerals embedded in this materials at a very fine particle size, and closely symbiosis with iron content and quartz, lead to it difficult to enrichment through ore dressing methods. And copper minerals mainly exist in the form of sulfide copper mineral, it can not by leaching method for processing directly, thus put forward a process to deal with this materials of enriched concentrate conduct to sulfuric roasting-leaching, which on the premise of guaranteed cost is not high, ultimately achieve the goal of recycling all kinds of valuable elements. Through the test of low temperature sulphation roasting - leaching to the flotation of copper concentrate shows that under the conditions of temperature of 450 °C for copper concentrate roasting 135 minutes, and after the calcine cooling, then with concentration of 4% sulfuric acid and Liquid-solid ratio of 3:1 leaching of 80 minutes, ultimately available to the test targets of copper leaching rate of around 81%.

The study aimed to explore appropriate flotation reagents to utilize lead minerals from complex and refractory lead oxide ores in Yunnan. Based on the research on the properties of the material, the reagent regime was investigated and a technological flowsheet consisting of one roughing flotation, two scavenging flotation and two concentrate flotation was adopted to perform the closed circuit flotation experiment. The optimum regulator of flotation experiment was determined as sodium silicate, sulfidizing agent as Na2S and collector as isoamyl xanthogenate. Under such a condition of reagent types and their appropriate reagent dosages, a lead recovery of 76.55% with a concentrate grade of 58.67% was obtained, which effectively improved utilization of lead resource.

The study aimed to explore appropriate flotation reagents to recover copper minerals from a high content of slime and refractory oxidized copper ores. Based on the research on the properties of the material, the reagent regime was investigated and a technological flowsheet consisting of one roughing flotation, two concentrate flotation, three scavenging flotation and one concentrate-scavenging flotation was adopted to perform the closed circuit floatation experiment. The optimum depressor of flotation experiment was determined as CHO, activator as (NH4)2SO4 and collector as isoamyl xanthogenate. Under such a condition of reagent types and their appropriate reagent dosages, a copper recovery of 75.03% with a concentrate grade of 18.01% was obtained.

It is difficult to handle platinum-palladium ores in Jinbaoshan due to low grade ores, kinds of mineral resources, complex mineral structure, fine-grained dissemination, which is a typical refractory complex ores. Based on the research of lots of correlative literature, this article analyses refractory reasons of platinum-palladium ores in Jinbaoshan, and provides an overview of comprehensive utilization status of low grade and refractory platinum-palladium ores on behalf of single flotation process, stage grinding-stage sorting and the combined process of flotation and magnetic separation, microwave pretreatment-leaching-replacement process, and the activation of acid leaching-extracting magnesium and iron-leaching residue to flotation process and so on.

The copper oxide ore in Dali, which contains 0.69% of copper and 11.24g/t of silver, was beneficiated by sulphidizing - xanthate flotation method. The flotation tests were carried out systematically with sodium sulfide as sulphidizing agent and butyl xanthate + ammonium dibutyl dithiophosphate as the combined collectors. Through closed-circuit test, a copper concentrate with 18.34% of Cu grade and a recovery of 70.13% were obtained. In addition, silver also was enriched in copper concentration with a grade of 329.37g/t and a recovery of 78.79%, which is convenience for utilization in metallurgical processes.

The study aimed to extract copper from copper oxide ores in which copper minerals had a complex association and dissemination with gangue minerals in the form of fine grain by catalytic oxidation acid leaching. Based on the research on the properties of the material and lots of experiments, the leaching process was performed. The optimum parameters of leaching process were determined as sulfuric acid dosage of 150 kg/t, KMnO4 dosage of 1500 g/t, liquid/solid mass ratio of 3 and leaching time of 45 minutes. Under such a condition, the leaching efficiency of 90.15% was achieved, which provided a way to improve leaching efficiency of copper for refractory copper oxide contained some copper sulphide using catalytic oxidation acid leaching.

The present study aims to characterize the copper ore from east area of Yunnan province. The results indicate that the ores is a representative low grade and and ultra-fine-grained ore. As a result, a suitable flotation flow i.e. “ultrafine grinding- sulphidizing and dispersing - bulk flotation with low dosage collector” was presented for processing of eligible copper concentrate with high recovery and the main factors i.e. grinding fineness, regulators types and dosage and collector dosage affecting the indexes of roughing concentration was investigated. As a result, a close-circuit flotation test scheme was proceeded, which obtained a high quality copper concentrate with Cu grade of 25.12%, copper recovery of 87.63%. This index is successful in the aim of recovery copper for such mixed copper ore.

The aim of this study is to analyze the properties of microspheres, which was obtained from an iron tailings. The flow-sheet of chemical method consists of chemical co-precipitation of Fe3O4 magnetic microspheres, SiO2 packaged and amino silicon alkylation modification with anthrone under NaBH4 existence. The results show that microspheres can be obtained successfully and it not only has a strong magnetism, but also has a fluorescence effort with the irradiating processing by ultraviolet with a wavelength of 282nm. This microsphere particle is a kind of high-value, environmentally-friendly products, it can be traced and served as a magnetic guide due to its magnetism and fluorescence properties, which has a big potential in medical technology and biological science.

The geometric and electronic structures of bornite (Cu5FeS4) were studied using the first-principle calculation based on density function theory. By analyzing the results, a mixed bonding state is found in bornite, which is a strong covalent bond with much weaker ionic bonds. The interaction between S and Fe is stronger than that between S and Cu. The main bonding orbitals are as follows: Cu: 3d104s1, S: 3s23p4, and Fe: 3d64s2. Fe center is to be reduced receiving electrons in its 3dorbitals and the S center is mostly to be oxidized.

A technology route of Reverse flotation of acid-consuming gangue mineralsAcid leaching for copperExtractingElectrodepositing is proposed for recovery copper from a tailings with high content of calcium oxide and magnesium oxide and high content of combined copper oxide. The effect of H2SO4concentration, leaching time and stirring speed on copper leaching was investigated. The leaching solution obtained under the optimal copper leaching conditions, was used to be proceeded for extracting and electrodepositing test. The best leaching conditions are stirring speed of 30 m/min, H2SO4concentration of 150 Kg/t ore, leaching time of 30 minutes. Under the best conditions, the acid leaching test presented that the production of per ton copper consumes sulfuric acid of 17.31 t, and Cu leaching rate is 84.70%.

Two flotation columns replacing traditional flotation machine and vertical agitate mill were successfully used on copper production in Yangla mine. With introducing of these advanced machines, chalcopyrite with fine dissemination size could be absolutely liberated. In addition, the technological process was further optimized. And Cu grade was improved by 3%, the recovery of Cu, Au and Ag were improved by 3% respectively.

Centrifugal High Gradient Magnetic Separation (CHGMS) was creatively developed, and in the present investigation was used for the concentration of fine ilmenite from tailings through a cyclic pilot-scale CHGMS separator, to study the effect of two key parameters, i.e., magnetic induction and rotation speed of matrix, on the separation performance of the separator. The results of investigation indicates that the CHGMS is effective in concentrating the ilmenite; an increase in the rotation speed increases concentrate grade but reduces recovery of TiO2, and this is reverse for the induction. While the two parameters were optimized, a concentrate assaying 19.42% TiO2 with 80.72% recovery of TiO2 is achievable from the tailings assaying 8.18% TiO2. It was concluded that the CHGMS provides a prospective technology for the concentration of fine ilmenite.

A technology route of “Reverse flotation of acid-consuming gangue minerals–Acid leaching for copper–Extracting–Electrodepositing” is proposed for recovery copper from tailings with high content of calcium oxide and high content of combined copper oxide. The effect of the main factors involving regulator dosage, collector type and dosage was investigated. On this regard, a open-circuit flotation test scheme was proceeded, by which a concentrate was obtained with 3.84% of CaO grade, 71.57% of CaO recovery, 0.82% of Cu grade and 79.76% of Cu recovery. This concentrate can be directly used for the production of sulfuric acid leaching and preparation of electrolytic copper. This technology can be used to fully utilize Cu from tailings, which will help to extend raw material sourcing for Chinese Cu industry.

A craft of concentrated acid-heating reinforced leaching process is investigated for the treatment of a high arsenic pyrite cinder, a common by-product in vitriol industry. The pyrite cinder, containing 57.37% Fe, and 2.78% As, was conducted for the acid leaching process. The results demonstrated that iron concentrate with 60.57% Fe, 0.28% As and 96.23% of iron recovery was obtained under the optimal acid leaching conditions(Sulphuric acid concentration is a mass ratio of 20%, a leaching temperature of 60°C, a liquid-solid ratio of 2:1 and a leaching time of 120 min).This craft can be used to utilize pyrite cinder and produce qualified concentrate as iron-bearing feed for steel industry, which will help to solve the pollution of sulfuric acid residue and extend raw material sourcing for Chinese steel industry.

The mineral processing flow sheet and reagent system of flotation copper minerals from a large copper-iron deposit in Yunnan were fully investigated. The results indicate that the optimum conditions for flotation of copper minerals from the material were identified as grinding fineness of 85%, dosage of CaO at 2000g/t , dosage of Na2S at 200 g/t, dosage of butyl xanthate 40g/t. Under such a condition, a copper recovery of 88.17% with a concentrate grade of 26.86% was achieved from the material using a closed circuit flow sheet of "one-stage roughing flotation, one-stage cleaning flotation and one-stage scavenging flotation.

A Mo middling has been obtained through Cu-Mo bulk flotation. In order to further enrich molybdenite and separate pyrite form this middling. A series flotation tests were conducted to concentrate Mo. Important parameters including regrinding fineness, CaO dosage and cleaning flotation stages were optimized to enhance Mo enrichment. In addition, a close-circuit flotation test was conducted under optimum parameters and a Mo concentrate with 22.92% of Mo grade and 93.75% of Mo recovery was obtained, which satisfied the plant requirement.

The experimental study on removal of arsenic from sulfuric-acid residue of high-arsenic was conducted in this paper. Reduction roasting–magnetic separation and sulfuric acid leaching were discussed, and the results showed that the harmful impurity arsenic can't be effectively removed by the reduction roasting-magnetic separation process from sulfuric-acid residue. The content of arsenic would be enriched with the growth of magnetic iron grade, while the effect of the arsenic removal was obvious for sulfuric acid leaching. The leach residue, in which the content of arsenic was only 0.24% with 92.29% of arsenic leaching rate was obtained from the raw ore with 2.78% of arsenic by the sulfuric acid leaching process. And the iron grade of sulfuric-acid residue reached 61.88% while content of non-ferrous metal was very Low, which can be used as a raw material of iron-smelting. This study provided a certain amount of technical support for the similar high arsenic sulfuric-acid residue recycling.

The balling properties of pyrite cinder (PyC) with high content of copper are researched in this paper. The results indicate that grinding process is an effective way to improve the quality of green balls. Through the measuring of drop strength compressive strength and cracking temperature on pyrite cinder balls, it is found that the best bailing properties of PyC can be obtained under the recommended parameters (the content of grain size of PyC below 75 μm accounts to 95.75% and bentonite dosage is a mass ratio of 2%) and green balls with 5.4 frequency•(0.5m)-1 of drop strength, 15.8 N•each-1 of compressive strength and cracking temperature of about 700 °C are obtained, which can meet the requirements of metallurgical technology.

Against the dwindling status of mineral resources at present, effective recycling of tailings resources is an effective way to alleviate the shortage of resources, and to improve enterprise efficiency. This study was aimed to recover iron from tailings of Yangla copper ore, Fe content of which was 15.31%, and the content of strong magnetic iron mineral was about 11%. Considering low content of weak magnetic iron mineral and its complex and costly recovery process, weak magnetic iron mineral did not be recovered, so strong magnetic iron mineral was only recovered in this study. Under no grinding condition, Fe recovery of 6.47% with iron grade of 60.87% was obtained. It effectively recovered strong magnetic minerals from tailings, and got enterprise increase additional revenue with good economic benefits.

In this study, the influences of important factors on zinc oxide flotation are investigated. Dosages of sulphidizing reagent, the pH regulator, the activator and the collector, use of sodium sulfide as the sulphidizing reagent, sodium carbonate as the pH regulator, copper sulfate as the activator and dodecylamine as the collector are essential to the effective recovery of zinc oxide. In the closed circuit experiment, these agents showed promising effect, a zinc concentrate with 15.39% Zn was produced with 76.92% recovery as a result of flotation experiment, and in the tailings with 18.56% Zn content.

Flotation characteristics of the fine-disseminated copper-nickel sulfides containing Pt and Pd and thermodynamic properties of high amounts of serpentine gangues by diluted acidic leaching in the ore sample of Yunnan were investigated by bench flotation tests and acidic leaching tests and their combination tests have also been conducted to exploit the harmonious design to extract all the values from the ore sample. Based on the results of bench flotation tests, it has been suggested that traditional flotation with the target of only metallic values in the ore was not available and profitable due to the fact that it was inevitable of the deteriorated dilution of serpentines in the flotation concentration using common various kinds of flocculants or depressants, in which the content of MgO in the concentrate was around 20.0%, while leaching tests by waste acids from producing TiO2 indicated that this may be a promising method to extract MgO andα-Fe2O3 from the ore sample, since it can weaken the disturbance of serpentines significantly and lead a satisfied results of the Cu-Ni sulfide flotation. In this study, a harmonious flow-sheet, which involves leaching by waste acids and traditional flotation process, had been designed with the objective of extracting the metallic values and two non-metallic products, which includesα-Fe2O3 and MgO, from the ore sample. It is worthy noticed that the acidic waste liquids from a TiO2 company in Panzihua was used as leaching agent, which can dissolve 98.81% Mg2+ and 78.43% Fen+ with little Ni2+ and Cu2+. By the comparison of the flotation results and benefits between traditional flotation alone and harmonious design, besides the two more qualified non-metallic products, α-Fe2O3 and MgO, a better concentrate containing a grade of only 2.64% MgO at the grades of 2.58% Cu, 2.97% Ni and 81.02 g/t Pt+Pd with the recoveries of 93.79% Cu, 83.14% Ni and 79.19% Pt+Pd respectively, were harvested from the harmonious design.

The study aims to recover copper minerals from a high content of slime and refractory copper oxide ore by flotation process. Based on the research on the properties of the material, the grinding fineness and reagent system are investigated and a technological flow sheet consisting of one roughing flotation, two concentrate flotation, three scavenging flotation and one concentrate-scavenging flotation is adopted. The optimum parameters of flotation experiment are determined as grinding fineness of 90%, dosage of CHO at 200 g/t, dosage of Na2S at 800 g/t and dosage of isoamyl xanthogenate at 1200 g/t. Under such a condition, a copper recovery of 75.03% with a concentrate grade of 18.01% is obtained，which provides a new way for separating the refractory copper oxide ore attached high content of slime.