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A total of 63 million people in India have hearing impairment, which is a common cause of disability. Due to communication barriers, these individuals are at risk for reduced cognitive skills and language deficits which may contribute to their poor general and oral health. Instructing these individuals regarding oral health concerns, treatment options and prognosis is often challenging for dental professionals. An Automatic Speech to Sign Language Translation Software (ASSiST) was developed to improve brushing technique among children with hearing impairment. The programming of Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) system was done using Linear Predictive coding (LPC) algorithm for extraction of Speech Signals and Artificial Neural Networks as a classifier and recognizer. This tool is tested to help imparting oral hygiene instructions in the form of a sequence-based brushing technique to the children chair side which when spoken by the dentist translates it into the respective regional sign language which is displayed on the screen.

Objective To assess early maxillary dentoalveolar changes in children with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) up to 6 months after palatoplasty. Design Pilot study. Patients and Participants Eight children with UCLP at the age of 18 to 30 months, who were awaiting palatal repair, were included. Interventions All participants with repaired lip were scheduled for palatal repair between 18 and 24 months by Bardach's technique. Main Outcome Measure(s) Arch widths, arch depths, and arch perimeter was measured on 32 dental casts of 8 participants at 4 time points: just prior to palatal repair (T1), 1 month (T2), 3 months (T3), and 6 months (T4) after palatal repair. Manual method using digital vernier caliper (Zhart, India) was used for model analysis. Intraexaminer reliability was also assessed. Results Only one examiner assessed all the dental casts after blinding. There was a significant decrease in the intercanine width (29.75 ± 1.98 mm at T1 to 26.42 ± 1.67 mm at T4; P Conclusions There was growth restriction in the anterior part of the palate, whereas the posterior region continued to grow after palatal repair. These changes were observable even in the early months after palatoplasty.

Aim and objective: To review the success of silver diamine fluoride (SDF) in the management of caries in children. Background: The current concept of caries management is based on a biological approach. When it comes to children with early childhood caries, managing their behavior along with effective and comprehensive caries management is necessary for which an algorithm-based approach is discussed. Silver diamine fluoride acts as a tertiary preventive procedure that reduces the negative consequences of established disease (cavity) and restores, thus improving the child’s quality of life. It is a magic bullet that comprises antibacterial actions of silver and remineralizing effects of highly concentrated fluoride. Review results: Previous systematic reviews have reported the success of SDF in arresting caries in primary teeth and root caries in adults. Caries removal is not a prerequisite;therefore, SDF application is suitable when other modalities of caries management are unavailable or impractical. Apart from staining the arrested lesion black, no significant complication of SDF use among children was reported. Conclusion: Even though the black staining was unappealing, a significant number of parents chose SDF over advanced pharmacological behavior management techniques and it is really the magic alternative in children as it supports the contemporary “biological approach” for caries management. Clinical significance: In such times of the COVID-19 pandemic, SDF allows the interruption of aerosol-generating procedures and serves as interim treatment procedure to arrest dentin caries to prevent development of pulpitis which further requires intervention using aerotor. Most of all, SDF application is child-friendly and provides exceptional success rates when used where indicated. © Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers. 2021.

Aim and Objective: To review the success of silver diamine fluoride (SDF) in the management of caries in children. Background: The current caries management strategy is based on a biological model. Children with early childhood caries require behaviour management as well as effective and thorough caries management, for which an algorithm-based approach is proposed.Silver diamine fluoride functions as a tertiary preventive procedure, reducing the negative consequences of established disease (cavity) and restoring, thus improving the child's quality of life. It's a magic bullet that combines silver's antibacterial properties with highly concentrated fluoride's remineralizing properties. Review Results: Previous systematic reviews found that SDF was effective in halting caries in primary teeth and root caries in adults. Because caries removal is not required, SDF application is appropriate when other caries management modalities are unavailable or impractical. Aside from the arrested lesion turning black, no significant complication of SDF use in children was reported. Conclusion: Despite the unappealing black staining, a significant number of parents chose SDF over advanced pharmacological behaviour management techniques, and it is truly the magical alternative in children as it supports the contemporary "biological approach" to caries management. Clinical Significance: During the COVID-19 pandemic, SDF allows the interruption of aerosol-generating procedures and serves as an interim treatment procedure to arrest dentin caries and prevent the development of pulpitis, which requires further intervention with an aerotor. Most importantly, theSDF application is child-friendly and provides exceptional success rates when used where indicated.