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Background and Objectives: Microphallus is an abnormally short penis and its management should begin in infancy or in early childhood. The present study investigated the response of short term testosterone therapy in late reported cases of microphallus. Methods: A total of 17 cases of microphallus between the age of 8 and 15 years were studied. Standard criteria for the diagnosis of microphallus were followed among the individual with bilateral palpable gonad. All cases were treated with intramuscular testosterone 50 to 75 mg once every 21 days until their average stretched penile length (SPL) for age is achieved or total dose of 450 mg of testosterone is given. Response to testosterone treatment was measured by the absolute and percent increment in SPL. We also compared the response of treatment of cases reported up-to age of 10 years and thereafter. Results: A total of 17 cases were included in the study. All of them achieved target SPL. Out of total 17 boys, 7 were between 8 to 10 years (Group 1) and 10 were between 12 to 15 years (Group 2) of age. The pre-treatment SPL of 17 microphallus cases was 3.13±0.15 (2.81 - 3.45 cm). All the cases achieved average phallus for the age with a significant increased post- treatment SPL of 8.94±0.32 (8.27 -9.61 cm); sig. .000. The two groups had similar gain in SPL (3.89 -6.25) vs (5.32 -7.34 cm) & % increment (126.47 -215.31%) vs (145.43 -288.53%) (sig. ? .139) but total testosterone required in older boys (Gr 2) was higher (162.52 –387.48 mg) vs (326.vs 15 – 433.85 mg); sig.0.043. Conclusion: Microphallus in boys with palpable gonads responded to short term testosterone treatment in late reported cases also and we termed these cases as simple microphallus.

GIRIS ve AMAC: Bu calismada bir yil icerisinde herhangi bir sebeple uroloji poliklinigine basvuran prepubertal erkek cocuk hastalarda mikropenis prevelansinin belirlenmesi ve hastalarin basvuru sebeplerinin ortaya cikartilmasi planlandi. YONTEM ve GERECLER: Aralik 2014-Aralik 2015 tarihleri arasinda uroloji poliklinigine basvuran prepubertal erkek cocuk (

The aim of this manuscript is to systematically review the current literature on surgical management of the short penis, focusing on surgical and functional outcomes and postoperative complications. Penile size still represents a major concern among a large proportion of men regardless of age and socio-cultural background. On the other hand, there is still no clear agreement on the definition of a short penis. Penile inadequacy can be secondary to a variety of clinical conditions, either organic or psychogenic; moreover, the causes of a short penis could be divided in congenital or acquired. A surgical intervention is often requested to address these conditions, with a variety of different techniques that reflect the vast heterogeneity of the etiologies of the disease. Surgical and patients’ satisfaction outcomes are extremely variable, as long as the different techniques are hardly comparable. As a general statement, a lack of objective data, mainly concerning postoperative lengthening results, must be emphasized. To date, penile lengthening procedures remain highly controversial. Recent evidences show better results in case of intrinsic or “false” penile shortness, while there is a lack of standardized studies concerning patients affected by penile dysmorphic disorder.

Epispadias is a rare genitourinary malformation, more so is epispadias with intact prepuce. Incidence of epispadias with intact prepuce is not known however, there are few case reports and a case series. We present a 5-year-old boy brought to our facility by his parent for circumcision. Further evaluation revealed a short penis with broad base and intact prepuce. The preputial slit was dorsally oriented. On retracting the prepuce, there was corona epispadias with wide and healthy urethral plate. No meatal stenosis or chordee noticed. Other findings were normal. He had epispadias repair. The postoperative period was uneventful. Three months after operation, the prepuce was easily retractable over the penis and the penis was cosmetically acceptable.

Our study included 280 patients complaining of small-sized penis. They were seen in the outpatient clinic of the Andrology Department, Kasr El Aini, Cairo University. Patients were collected from 2002 till 2008 and classified into 4 categories from an etiological point of view. Eleven patients (3.9%) were operated upon according to fine selection criteria; six patients were selected for lengthening procedures, while two patients were selected for increasing girth procedures and three patients for combined operation of lengthening and increasing girth techniques. Seven patients showed subjective satisfaction after lengthening procedures and four patients showed subjective satisfaction after increasing girth techniques. In conclusion, detailed analysis of short penis complaint with a proper diagnosis and patient education are required for accurate management of patients complaining of a short penis.

This study aimed to determine the penile size and its correlation with somatometric parameters in physically normal Iranian adult men. To do this, a random sample of 1500 normal men aged between 20 and 40 years underwent tape measurements of penile dimensions in the stretched state under the same condition. The mean total penile length was 11.58+/-1.45 cm, the mean granular length was 3.04+/-0.33 cm and the mean girth was 8.66+/-1.01 cm. Multivariate regression analysis showed that penile dimensions are significantly correlated with age (P=0.018), height (P

Penile reconstructive surgeries are performed mainly as radical treatment for conditions associated with congenital abnormalities of the urethra or penis, after penile trauma, penile cancer, short penis, corporal fibrosis and in cases of gender reassignment. In this article, we review the controversial penile augmentation topic, clarifying how most workers disagree with its scientific basis. We also highlight recent advances in surgical techniques in treatment of penile injuries and those employed for female-to-male sex reassignment procedures. We also propose a practical approach for evaluating and counseling patients complaining of a small sized penis.

Epispadias with complete prepuce is a very rare anomaly. It is often associated with late presentation because it is a very rare condition and the penis appears grossly normal, thus, the diagnosis is easily missed during the neonatal period. We report a case of a boy presenting at seven years of age with epispadias and complete prepuce. The diagnosis should be suspected in any child presenting with incontinence, short penis, ballooned prepuce on voiding and absence of penile raphe or frenulum. The established procedures for repair of classic epispadias are equally effective and bladder neck reconstruction may be required to achieve continence. KEYWORDS: Epispadias; Complete; Prepuce

A modified surgical method for penis lengthening was, for the first time, set up in this laboratory. The procedure involves covering the dissected corpus cavernosum with either a scrotal flap or a skin graft after releasing the superficial ligament and even some deep suspensory ligament. The advantage of the scrotal flap is emphasized to cover the wound, and a V-Y suture was made to avoid the traction. The results, both in appearance and increased length, were satisfactory in 52 cases. Among the 52 patients, 39 suffered from congenital short penis and 13 from traumatic injuries. The significance and the blood supply of the penis are discussed.

The aim of this study was to determine the average penile length of a group of healthy, young Turkish men, and to investigate the relationship between penile length and somatometric parameters in the same group. The flaccid and stretched length and circumference of the penis was measured in a group of 2276 physically normal, young men. The correlation between penile length and weight, height and body mass index (BMI) of the participants was determined by Pearson's analysis. The mean age of the participants was 21.1 ± 3.1 (18-39) years. The mean flaccid, fully stretched and circumferential length of the participants' penises were 8.95 ± 1.04, 13.98 ± 1.58 and 8.89 ± 0.86 cm, respectively. There was a significant relationship between all of these variables (P

Introduction It has been suggested that the application of penile-extender devices increases penile length and circumference. However, there are a few scientific studies in this field. Aims The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of a penile-extender (Golden Erect®, Ronas Tajhiz Teb, Tehran, Iran) in increasing penile size. Methods This prospective study was performed on subjects complaining about “short penis” who were presented to our clinic between September 15, 2008 and December 15, 2008. After measuring the penile length in flaccid and stretched forms and penile circumference, patients were instructed to wear Golden Erect®, 4–6 hours per day during the first 2 weeks and then 9 hours per day until the end of the third month. The subjects were also trained how to increase the force of the device during determined intervals. The patients were visited at the end of the first and third months, and penile length and circumference were measured and compared with baseline. Main Outcome Measures The primary end point of the study was changes in flaccid and stretched penile lengths compared with the baseline size during the 3 months follow-up. Results Twenty-three cases with a mean age of 26.5 ± 8.1 years entered the study. The mean flaccid penile length increased from 8.8 ± 1.2 cm to 10.1 ± 1.2 cm and 10.5 ± 1.2 cm, respectively, in the first and third months of follow-up, which was statistically significant (P Conclusion Our findings supported the efficacy of the device in increasing penile length. Our result also suggested the possibility of glans penis girth enhancement using penile extender. Performing more studies is recommended.

Objectives To report on the safety of combing suprapubic fat liposuction, penile suspensory ligament severing, and Z-plasty of penoscrotal webbing for penile lengthening in cases of post-circumcision traumatic short penis in adolescents. Methods This prospective study was conducted in 9 male patients with a mean age of 15.6 ± 1.4 years. All patients had a short penis because of traumatic amputation of the glans in 7 patients and both glanular and partial distal corporal loss in 2 patients during circumcision. All were initially treated in childhood by penile skin advancement for phallic coverage. Penile length and circumference were measured pre- and post-operatively, both in the flaccid state at maximal stretch and in the erect state. Operative technique included Z-plasty of penoscrotal web, release of suspensory ligament, and suprapubic fat liposuction. Results Average functional penile length measured 3 months post-operatively had significantly increased by 18-30 mm (mean: 23 ± 4 mm) in the provoked, erect state. All patients had normally developed penile corpora cavernosa and wide circumference (mean: 11.7 ± 0.2 cm). No post-operative complications occurred in any of the patients. No patients had sexual partners or were sexually active. Conclusions The described technique of penile advancement and lengthening can be safely applied to patients with post-circumcision traumatic short penis.

OBJECTIVE To assess a commonly marketed brand of penile extender, the Andro-Penis® (Andromedical, Madrid, Spain), widely used devices which aim to increase penile size, in a phase II single-arm study powered to detect significant changes in penile size, as despite their widespread use, there is little scientific evidence to support their potential clinical utility in the treatment of patients with inadequate penile dimensions. PATIENTS AND METHODS Fifteen patients were required to test the efficacy of the device, assuming an effect size of >0.8. Eligible patients were counselled how to use the penile extender for at least 4 h/day for 6 months. Penile dimensions were measured at baseline and after 1, 3, 6 and 12 months (end of study). The erectile function (EF) domain of the International Index of EF was administered at baseline and at the end of the study. Treatment satisfaction was assessed using an institutional unvalidated five-item questionnaire. RESULTS After 6 months the mean gain in length was significant, meeting the goals of the effect size, at 2.3 and 1.7 cm for the flaccid and stretched penis, respectively. No significant changes in penile girth were detected. The EF domain scores improved significantly at the end of study. Treatment satisfaction scores were consistent with acceptable to good improvement in all items, except for penile girth, where the score was either ‘no change’ or ‘mild improvement’. CONCLUSIONS Penile extenders should be regarded as a minimally invasive and effective treatment option to elongate the penile shaft in patients seeking treatment for a short penis.

Apprehension about the normal size of penis is a major concern for men. Aim of the present investigation is to estimate the penile length and circumference of Indian males and to compare the results with the data from other countries. Results will help in counseling the patients worried about the penile size and seeking penis enlargement surgery. Penile length in flaccid and stretched conditions and circumference were measured in a group of 301 physically normal men. Erected length and circumference were measured for 93 subjects. Mean flaccid length was found to be 8.21 cm, mean stretched length 10.88 cm and circumference 9.14 cm. Mean erected length was found to be 13.01 cm and erected circumference was 11.46 cm. Penile dimensions are found to be correlated with anthropometric parameters. Insight into the normative data of penile size of Indian males obtained. There are significant differences in the mean penile length and circumference of Indian sample compared to the data reported from other countries. Study need to be continued with a large sample to establish a normative data applicable to the general population.

The knowledge of normal variations in the size of male external genitalia is of considerable interest to several disciplines. We carried out an extensive study in young Italian males to provide estimates of normal variations of penile dimensions.The penile length in flaccid and stretched states and the penile circumference were measured in a random group of 3,300 young men aged 17-19 years and free from endocrine disorders and from congenital or acquired abnormalities of the penis. In a random sample of 325 subjects of the same set of people, penile length and circumference were also correlated with weight and height. Statistical analysis was performed with the Sperman test, because our data were not normally distributed as tested by the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test (p0.01).The median values of penile dimensions recorded in the present study are flaccid length 9.0 cm, flaccid circumference, at the middle of the shaft, 10.0 cm, and stretched length 12.5 cm. We also observed that the penile dimensions are highly correlated with height and weight.Since penile length and circumference correlate with anthropometric parameters such as weight and height, we suggest to consider themselves as two bodily measures which display a wide extent of normal variability along the general population.

Objectives To report the outcome of a sex education-integrated treatment program of men complaining of a short-sized penis. Methods This study included 92 patients presenting to our department in the past 2 years complaining of a small-sized penis. History, with particular stress on the duration of the complaint and sexual habits of the patients, was collected from all patients. All patients were asked to complete the International Index of Erectile Function short-form questionnaire. Also all patients were tutored by an andrologist on sex education. Penile length and girth were measured twice using a tape measure in both flaccid and fully stretched states. Every patient was informed that if his flaccid and stretched penis size was 4 cm and 7 cm or more, respectively, it was considered normal. Results All patients complained of a short penis in either the flaccid or erect state. Of the 92 patients, 66 (71.7%) complained of a short penis only in the flaccid state, and 26 (28.3%) complained of a short penis in both the flaccid and the erect state. None of the patients had erectile dysfunction. None of the patients had short penis according to our measurements. Almost all patients overestimated the normal penile size. Most men found the combination of sex education with standard penile measurements helpful and relieving. Conclusions Men complaining of short penis could be treated using basic principles of sex education with objective methods of penile size evaluation. This combination can correct any previous sexual misconceptions, relieve unnecessary anxiety concerning penile size, and decrease the desire to undertake still-to-be verified lengthening procedures.

We observed a patient with 48 XXYY Klinefelter syndrome who visited our hospital because of a short penis as chief complaint. The patient was a 21-year-old, tall and obese man. He had gynecomastia. The penis was short and bilateral testes were underdeveloped. Endocrinologically the LH and FSH showed high level and the testosterone was low. A diagnosis of very rare 48 XXYY Klinefelter was made based of the chromosomal analysis.

The aim of this study was to determine the average penile length of a group of healthy, young Turkish men, and to investigate the relationship between penile length and somatometric parameters in the same group. The flaccid and stretched length and circumference of the penis was measured in a group of 2276 physically normal, young men. The correlation between penile length and weight, height and body mass index (BMI) of the participants was determined by Pearson’s analysis. The mean age of the participants was 21.1±3.1 (18--39) years. The mean flaccid, fully stretched and circumferential length of the participants’ penises were 8.95±1.04, 13.98±1.58 and 8.89±0.86 cm, respectively. There was a significant relationship between all of these variables (Po0.01). Although weak positive correlations were found between the mean circumference length and BMI, there were no correlations between both the flaccid and stretched lengths and BMI. The penile length must be known to be able to determine the abnormal penile sizes and to make convenient decisions in the counseling and/or treatment of people with short penis concerns. Our study provides mean penile lengths in a large sample of healthy, young Turkish men, and the penile dimensions were found to be weakly correlated with somatometric parameters.

Short penis condition was diagnosed as the cause of impotentia coeundi in 10 bulls, aged 2.5 to 5 yr. The diagnosis was based on observation of service attempts, measurement of the extended penis, and elimination of other causes of impotence. Measurements of the penis were made under general inhalation anesthesia or pudendal nerve block. These measurements were then compared with those of 10 control bulls, matched for age and breed and having no history of impotence; the latter measurements were likewise obtained under general anesthesia, pudendal nerve block or sedation. with propionyl promazine. Similar measurements were obtained from 10 yearling bulls under propionyl promazine sedation. Measurements obtained under general anesthesia or pudendal nerve block in the same bull were usually similar and repeatable, while phenothiazine tranquillization produced incomplete and variable relaxation of the retractor penis muscles. The dimension best correlated with impotence due to short penis was the distance from the tip of the extended penis to the preputial orifice in its resting position. In 10 bulls in which short penis was diagnosed, this distance was 10 to 22 cm, while in 10 control bulls with no history of impotence it was 25 to 42 cm. The distances from the tip of the extended penis to the preputial reflection (fornix) and to the neck of the scrotum were also shorter in affected than in control bulls. Although observation of service ability remains the cornerstone of diagnosis of short penis, a presumptive diagnosis can be made if penile protrusion of less than 25 cm can be obtained in an adult bull under general anesthesia or pudendal nerve block. Phenothiazine tranquillization is suitable for screening examinations but not for definitive diagnosis.

Anatomy of copulatory organs and patterns of copulatory behavior were studied in three species of Macaca. The copulatory behavior of the rhesus monkey (M. mulatta) and crab-eating macaque (M. fascicularis) were similar. Mounting time was longer in stump-tailed macaque (M. arctoides) (48 seconds) than in the rhesus monkey or crab-eating macaque (8.5 seconds). Species differences were correlated with anatomical differences in the female and male reproductive organs. In the stump-tailed macaque the male has a relatively long penis, and the female has an elaborate vestibular colliculus in the vestibule. Both rhesus and crab-eating macaques have a short penis, and the female has no vestibular colliculus. Under scanning electron microscope, cone-like projections (3–4 mm) were observed on the surface of the glans and corpus penis of M. arctoides. In M. fascicularis shorter projections (0.05–0.1 mm) were observed on the glans penis but not the corpus penis.