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The authors examined whether self-efficacy among African American abused women decreased their risk of suicide attempts through the mediating influences of perceived social support from friends, perceived social support from family, and perceived effectiveness for obtaining material resources. The sample consisted of 100 women who presented to a hospital following a suicide attempt and 100 women who presented to the same hospital for nonemergency medical problems. Results revealed that the association between self-efficacy and suicide attempt status was partially accounted for by the mediating roles of perceived social support from friends and family, and perceived effectiveness at obtaining resources. Findings suggest that interventions to increase abused women's self-efficacy should focus on increasing their capacity to obtain social and material resources.

A user-friendly assessment form using icons was developed for the Lideres Campesinas de California, Inc., a women farmworker organization in California, for assessing migrant and seasonal farmworker women for abuse. The purpose of this study was to test the reliability and validity of the form. Twenty-five women from the Lideres participated. The form, called the Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) Assessment Icon Form, was designed to be used with literate, semi-literate, and illiterate women. Inter-rater reliability and criterion-related validity of the IPV Assessment Form were found to be adequate for the literate and semi-literate participants. There were not enough illiterate women (n = 2) to include in the analysis. This study also demonstrates that with adequate training, support, and tools, migrant and seasonal farmworker women can work in partnership with researchers to design, develop and conduct research in their own communities. [Article copies available for a fee from The Haworth Document Delivery Service: 1-800-HAWORTH. E-mail address: Website: KEYWORDS. Domestic violence, intimate partner violence, migrant farmworkers, reliability testing, validity testing, literacy

Purpose: The WomanKind program, a non-profit health care based program for for victims of domestic/intimate partner violence (IPV), seeks to enable and motivate health care providers to identify victims of such violence and refer them to WomanKind's in-house services. An evaluation designed to assess client referral to WomanKind services and the impact of health care provider training was carried out. Methods: Data were collected at three intervals over a 2-year period at 3 intervention and 2 comparison hospitals located in Minneapolis, MN. The focus of data collection efforts was to assess the providers' knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors (KABB) concerning identification and referral of victims of IPV. Hospital staff and volunteer advocate training programs also were evaluated. Chart reviews were conducted and client referrals assessed. Results: Providers at WomanKind hospitals demonstrated significantly higher knowledge, attitudes, beliefs and behaviors than those at comparison hospitals throughout the study. During the data collection period, 1719 IPV victims were identified and referred to the WomanKind program, while only 27 IPV victims were referred to trained social workers at the comparison hospitals. Chart reviews indicated that emergency staff at the intervention sites provide documentation of IPV in patient records twice as frequently as emergency staff at the comparison sites. Conclusion: This research underscores the efficacy of a well-structured, multidisciplinary effort to deliver services to IPV victims. The results demonstrate that specialized training and on-site client services create a significant positive impact on the KABB of health care providers. [Article copies available for a fee from The Haworth Document Delivery Service: 1-800-HAWORTH. E-mail address: Website: KEYWORDS. Domestic violence, intimate partner violence, evaluation, health care providers, education and training, crisis intervention, case management, advocacy

The author discuss findings from a study of how heterosexual women view their past experience with intimate partner violence. Topics include warning signs of potential violence, methods of ending violence, and implications for intervention.