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Discord has experienced a recent surge in its utilization for educational purposes. Numerous communities have embraced Discord servers as a means to foster and support learning activities. Many studies discuss Discord in learning English, but there is a lack of extensive academic research focusing on a member’s experiences in using Discord. Most studies on broader online language learning communities and other digital platforms, but only a few studies investigate Discord application from an overview of this phenomenon, this study aimed to determine how the members’ experience in using the Discord application as contributed to facilitating English learning and to describe the performances of Discord in fostering English. a qualitative method with a phenomenological study applied in this research. twenty members who have been using Discord for a year and more than a year and are interested in learning English became the sample by purposive random sampling. Data was gathered from unstructured interviews and participant observation online. The results from the observation demonstrated that the efficacy of Discord can be seen from the function of features, it supports English online learning through seven crucial features that users can leverage: voice channels, text channels, direct messages, screen sharing, resource sharing, bot integrations, and notifications and reminders. Data from the interview showed members’ experiences said Discord can help them in mastering English. As a result, the implications of the research can guide the development of more effective, engaging, and inclusive Discord-based learning communities, ultimately enhancing the overall learning experience and outcomes for participants.

This research investigates how English teachers at Budi Satrya School view project-based learning. The strategy used in this study to gather data from interviews is qualitative. Next, information was gathered to determine how Budi Satrya School teachers felt about Project Based Learning. The findings demonstrate that the Budi Satrya School students benefited from the teachers' application of project-based learning. Additionally, according to this research, children become self-regulated, motivated, cooperative, critical, and communicative learners when they interact with the actual world. Project-based learning has greater beneficial effects than traditional teaching techniques. Project-Based Learning has many benefits over traditional teaching methods, even though it cannot be used with all selected materials.

WhatsApp is a free messaging and calling application that can be downloaded to mobile phones all over the world that supports the feature. It is straightforward, trustworthy, and secure. WhatsApp enables us to exchange text, voice, and audio-visual (video) messages. However, text message recipients often fail to understand the intended meaning of a text message because the text messages are not provided with intonation and direct expression, resulting in the recipient’s difficulty interpreting the message's intended meaning. This study aimed to find out the functions of emojis in WhatsApp text messages. Interpretative qualitative was used as the research methodology in this study. The data source used is the results of screenshots of chat activities on the WhatsApp application. The study came up with the findings that the primary function of emojis in WhatsApp text messages is to show and emphasize emotion, expression, and feeling like happiness, sadness, apology, embarrassment, support, anger, mockery, gratitude, criticism, humorous, etc. that cannot be spoken verbally or conveyed/shown directly.

A plethora of studies in Indonesia have investigated the research of the use of technology on students’ listening skills but research about the use of English word affirmation podcasts in improving students' listening skills based on student perception is still limited. This study aimed to investigate students' views on the effect of listening to “English words of affirmation” on their listening skills. This research employed a qualitative case study methodology. By using a closed-ended questionnaire and a semi-structured interview, 24 English students from one of North Sumatera's state universities were recruited to fulfill the demographic survey. The participants were selected by using purposive sampling, as the researchers selected only those who frequently listened to “English word affirmation” in their daily lives to enhance their English proficiency, particularly their listening skills. The questionnaire was disseminated through a Google Form to collect the demographic survey of students who were familiar with listening to the “English word affirmation podcast”. The interview was then conducted via the Zoom application to delve deeper into students' perceptions of the positive influence of listening to the “English word affirmation podcast” on improving their listening skills. This study discovered that listening to the “English word of affirmation” podcast could improve students' listening skills. This study suggested that educators and students could use English word affirmation podcasts as a reference in the English learning process, particularly for listening skills.

This study aimed to identify the most common teachers' talk in EFL classrooms as well as the reasons that influenced their selection. This research focused on the teacher's perception of how the teacher talks with students in class and some of the challenges that teachers might face while interacting with students to encourage students in the learning process to take place. The participants of this research were 2 English teachers who received professional training in English teaching as part of the undergraduate program. They were English teachers at an integrated Islamic school in Medan. The observations were made to describe the teacher interview process data and also the learning carried out by the teacher to find insights about how the teacher talks and what challenges the teacher faced when interacting with students in class. This study used a qualitative descriptive method. The findings in this study were that the teacher applied more dominant English communication as input. Teachers felt that increasing the use of the target language will be more challenging because it is influenced by several aspects, such as the motivation, attitude, and skills of the teacher and students. In addition, when the teacher spoke it varies greatly on several levels based on the factors that influence the teacher and student. The results of this study also showed that most teacher conversations are used in the form of questions, then explaining the lesson, giving directions to students, and praising or encouraging students. Apart from that, because students are considered as learners or beginners, class interaction must be adjusted to the right and appropriate choice of language so that communication becomes easier and more effective. In addition, the analysis of teachers’ talk in the classroom would be beneficial for teachers to plan and conduct enhanced learning situations.

Pragmatics is a branch of linguistics that study about language and its context. In learning a second language, EFL learners need to have a pragmatic competence in order to be able to communicate effectively based on the context of the target language. There are some factors that can help learners improve their pragmatic competence, not only the EFL teachers who are competent in their field but also the tools and media that support the learning process. This study aimed to investigate (1) what the most common barriers to teaching pragmatics in EFL classrooms by Indonesian EFL teachers and (2) how pragmatic norms is provided in textbooks by the Indonesian authors. Qualitative used as the research methodology in this study. The participants of this study were 15 Indonesian EFL teachers from different schools -- junior and senior high schools. The writer used questionnaire as the instrument research. The participants were given questionnaires to find out what exactly the barriers found to teaching pragmatics in EFL classroom. English textbooks used in junior and senior high school written by Indonesian authors were also analyzed by the researcher. This study came up with the findings that (1) there are six common barriers to teaching pragmatics in EFL classroom by Indonesian EFL teachers and (2) most of the ELT textbooks do not consider the pragmatic norm in its content. Given the significance of students' pragmatic abilities, EFL teachers need to keep improving their research of teaching pragmatics in order to help EFL learners in developing their pragmatic competence.

This study aims to examine the types of written feedback given by teachers on the writing of eleventh-grade senior high school students at SMA Tarbiyah Islamiyah. The instrument used was document analysis to examine the type of written feedback given by the English teacher on the writing results of tenth-grade students majoring in Social Sciences (IPS) and Natural Sciences (IPA). The findings revealed that the two teachers used different written feedback on students' writing. Teachers who teach in the Science major tend to use direct written feedback and teachers who teach in the Social Sciences department use indirect feedback. It can be concluded that the reason for the different types of written feedback used is that teachers who teach in science majors think that direct feedback is more detailed and understood more quickly by students. Meanwhile, teachers who teach in the Social Sciences major argue that providing written feedback indirectly it can encourage students to think and make students more curious about the mistakes they write and students can ask questions to the teacher.

English teachers in rural schools face many challenges. The difficulties encountered in English learning in rural schools are related to the condition of the students, the environment, and the English teacher's competence. This study aims to explore the challenge that arises in English language learning in rural schools. This study used a qualitative method design with four English teachers from four different schools as respondents. The results of this study show that there are still many obstacles encountered in teaching English to young learners in rural schools. English language learning for young learners in rural areas needs to be improved for several reasons. Including low student interest in English lessons, lack of support for English learning, such as support from parents and the surrounding environment, and the quality of English teachers, who are considered low.

The aim of this research article is to find out some language disorders in speaking English especially at Islamic boarding school. The researcher uses a descriptive qualitative method. The researcher also uses observation in the female students' dormitory environment regarding how to use English as their daily language and interviews to find answers about the factors of female students’ English speaking problems as data collection techniques to 4 female students at Darul ‘Adaalah Islamic boarding school dormitory. The result of this research is students got some difficulties in their speaking English which consist of linguistic problems and psychological problems. In linguistic problems, students have difficulty in lack of pronunciation and vocabulary. In psychological problems, students have difficulty in lack of confidence, anxiety and shyness.

This research was conducted to analyze the effectiveness of using advertisements in improving students writing skills. The subject of this research was an English teacher and 26 students in X-MIPA class. To gather the data, the interview and questionnaire were conducted and the interview was done with the teacher the questionnaire was given to the students and then qualitatively analyzed. To analyze the data gotten, these steps were used; data reduction, data display, and conclusion. The study's conclusions showed that using advertisements in writing lessons helped students feel happy, enthusiastic, and motivated. However, some students had trouble expressing their thoughts in writing lessons due to a lack of vocabulary. The usage of advertisements in the classroom has helped students' writing abilities. Based on these findings, it is recommended that all teachers use advertising intensively in their teaching to further improve their students' writing skills.

The goal of this study is to clarify various forms of speech politeness in the conversation of teachers and students working together to learn English in an elementary school in the city of Medan. Utilizing a qualitative approach, this investigation. Data collection methods include observational methods, transcription techniques, and various methods for taking notes. The aim is to determine the purpose of the principle of politeness in language selection learning exercises and how to speak politely between instructors and pupils. The findings of this study show that using courtesy in influences the language and the feelings of the teacher’s nine maxims from the ten maxims that teachers in linguistic etiquette, specifically: 1) Opinion Maxim Reticence, 2) Agreement Maxim3) Maxim of Sympathy, 4) Maxim of Generosity, 5) Maxim of Approval, 6) Maxim of Obligation S towards O, 7) Maxim of Wisdom 8) Maxim of Humility, 9) Maxim of Feeling Toughness. In conclusion, polite communication between teachers and Students frequently speak Indonesian instead of English. Here is the teacher's attention in teaching in class with polite language.

Conversational implicature is one of the most important ideas in pragmatics. The importance of conversational implicatures as a means of conveying messages is directly well established. In conducting this research, the researchers used a qualitative descriptive method. This research is qualitative because the data are in the form of words and analyzed based on the setting or natural context. Qualitative research is a type of research in which data are studied naturally without any treatment or intervention by researchers. Related to teaching English, this research helps students to know about figure of speech – how they are expressed in the context of certain situations. Referring to implicature theory, students know that conversation is more than just a series of exchanges; it consists of exchanges ideas according to norms of conversational cooperation, which can be manipulated to create various meanings. The application of conversational implicatures in Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs is in the learning process in the classroom between teachers and students. Conversational implicatures in Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs can provide several benefits and lessons for all students in learning to speak by increasing students' motivation, interest, and understanding of the learning material.

The purpose of this study was to explore students' voices on the implementation of the flipped classroom in the EFL Reading Class during the Covid-19 pandemic. This research was a case study using a qualitative descriptive method. The participant of this study were students of grade 10 that consist of 32 students at one Islamic Senior High School (Madrasah Aliyah Negeri) in North Sumatra. The results of this study are the improvement of quality of learning EFL Reading through the flipped classroom strategy, an increase in students' independence learning in using the flipped classroom utilizing technology in the flipped classroom also has a positive impact on the role of technology in education. Based on the finding in this research, the implementation of the flip classroom during the pandemic can be one of the reference methods that can be used by teachers by considering the benefits of the flipped classroom for students, such as making it easier to access and students' readiness to face learning.

Autism comes from the Greek phrase vehicles this means that self. Autism isn't always a kind of disorder however is a complicated developmental sickness resulting from harm to the brain, usually may be detected on account that the kid is born or at the age of a toddler. One of the problems confronted by autistic kids in communication, particularly for kids who enjoy intense barriers, is in gaining knowledge of language and speech. The issue of autistic kids in speaking is because of experiencing language disorders (verbal and non-verbal), despite the fact that language is the principal medium of communication. The purpose of this study was to investigate the phenomenon of echo-influenced communication in children with autism. In this study, researchers use a qualitative approach to explain existing reality. The main informants for this study were teachers at the Emotionally Focused Therapy Center and teachers at the Behavior Therapy Center. The results of the study are that learning to communicate with nonverbal children with autism is by communicating the concept of language through visual media, with teachers asking questions and children answering things with their abilities. Communication difficulties in children with autism are due to language disorders (linguistic and nonverbal), but language is the most important medium of communication. They often find it difficult to convey their desires both verbally (verbally / speaking) and non-verbally (gesturing / gesturing and writing). Most of them can speak and use short sentences with basic vocabulary, but their vocabulary is limited and their language is difficult to understand.

The purpose of this study described the use of digtogloss method to improve students’ skills in writing narrative text. This study was classroom action research which consisted of planning, implementation, and reflection. The qualitative data was gathered using an observation sheet, an interview, diary notes. The quantitative data was taken from the writing test. The data in this study was analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. The findings of quantitative analysis showed that the mean of pre-test was 40.67. In cycle one, the mean of first post-test was 65.6. In cycle two, the mean of second post-test was 70.17. Based on the findings of this study, it was concluded that the application of dictogloss method improved students’ ability in writing narrative text. The finding of the qualitative analysis showed that the students were interested in writing narrative text through digtogloss method.

This study aimed to discover the EFL students' viewpoints on the difficulties they encountered when writing in English, as well as their strategies for overcoming these hurdles. This study was conducted on EFL students in a senior high school in Medan. This research involved the involvement of twenty-nine eleventh-graders. The researchers utilized a questionnaire and an interview to collect data following their research themes. The questionnaire aims to identify the barriers students face when writing in English. The questionnaire was sent using a Google form with closed-ended questions based on Bryne's (1988) categories and a five-point Likert scale (strongly agree, agree, neutral, disagree, and strongly disagree). Subsequently, an interview was conducted with a subset of participants (n = 5) specifically chosen to elicit further information about their strategies for overcoming writing difficulties. The interview was recorded using a cell phone by the researchers. Before data processing, the audio cassette was transcribed word-for-word. Thus, data collected with three instruments were analyzed using three approaches: frequency count for questionnaire data and content analysis for interview data. According to the findings, students encountered linguistic (grammar, vocabulary, language use, sentence construction) and psychological issues when composing English texts (lack of teacher instruction and feedback). There are no cognitive appearance issues. The students use mind mapping, translating materials from Indonesian to English, maintaining practice, and peer evaluation to overcome their writing difficulties. This research was expected to contribute to minimizing the difficulties experienced by students in writing English through the strategy revealed in this study

The purpose of this study is to look at the capacity of slow learners in elementary school to improve their memory using cognitive therapy. The study was carried out at SDLB Gunung Louser Gayo Lues, the key organizer of inclusion. This study's sample consisted of pupils who are classified as slow learners among children with special needs (slow learners). This study's sample size was 20 students. In qualitative research, data is collected in natural settings and from original sources. More participatory observation (participatory observation), in-depth interviews (in-depth interviews), and recording are used in data collecting procedures. In addition, data collection techniques in qualitative research can also be done by recording data in intensive field notes. Based on the results of data analysis, it was found that there were differences in children's memory abilities before being given therapy with after being given therapy to slow learner children in elementary school. So the hypothesis proposed is that there is a difference in children's memory abilities before being given therapy with after being given therapy to slow learner children in elementary school children.

This qualitative study presents the research results on Pragmatics politeness in the language of English teachers in Islamic elementary schools. The problem formulation of this research focuses on what and how Pragmatics politeness is in the language of English teachers in Islamic elementary schools. The objectives of this study are (i) to describe the form of Pragmatics speech in the language of English teachers; (ii) to describe the tools used in using Pragmatics politeness in the teacher's language, English. The research approach used is qualitative research. Data were collected from various communication events in teaching English in the classroom between teachers and students by participating in observation techniques, note-taking/recording techniques, and interviews. Structurally, the various sub-illocutions were delivered with one core speech unit alone or with a combination of core speech (TI) and supporting speech units (TD) in the form of asking questions, commanding acts, and opening speech units (TB) in the form of greetings. Pragmatics politeness speech acts of English teachers and students are generally expressed in imperative sentences (active and passive), declarative sentences, and interrogative sentences. Second, the tools of Pragmatics politeness in the language of English teachers in Islamic elementary schools found in the speech of the teaching process can function as an action stimulator, a request for approval of the action, an invitation. Keywords: Politeness, Pragmatics, Islamic elementary school.

This study is about a syntactic analysis on sentences in the song lyrics of Josh Groban by using tree diagram theory. Thus, the aims of this study are (1) To find out the types of the phrases used in Josh Groban song lyrics (2) To find out the sentence patterns used in Josh Groban song lyrics. The object of this study is Josh Groban song lyrics which entitled “You Raise Me Up”. The method of this study is qualitative analysis. The technique of collecting the data is by using 3 steps. The 3 steps are: (1) preparing and organizing, (2) coding, and (3) representing the data. Finally, the findings of this study are as follows; (1) there are 3 types of phrases, they are 7 Noun Phrase (NP), 9 adverbial phrases (AP), and 9 verb phrases (VP). (2) There are 3 sentence patterns in Josh Groban song lyrics, they are; (1) S = N+VP (2) S1+Conj.+S2 (S1 = N+V, S2 = N+VP) (3) S1+Conj.+S2 (S1 = N+VP, S2 = N+VP)

During the Covid-19 pandemic, the teaching and learning process through an online system is one option that can deal with barriers to the teaching and learning process directly to avoid the spread of the virus. This study intends to analyze students’responses to the problems they face during the Covid-19 pandemic and how students deal with online learning during the pandemic. The background of this research is the experience of students with the problems they face during distance learning or online due to Covid-19 which requires students to follow government rules, namely doing distance learning or online. The informants or respondents in this study were several students majoring in . The data collected by the researcher was based on online interviews conducted with 15 students The data analysis used interactive analysis technique by Miles Hubberman. The researcher arranges several questions that must be asked of the participants to obtain the required information. In the online teaching and learning process during the covid-19 pandemic, various problems experienced by students are as follows, the most dominant problem when carrying out online learning is the limited internet network, especially for students who live in rural areas.

This writing aims to determine the function of Linguistics in English Language Teaching. It will discuss how important linguistics in English language teaching is. It uses the literature review method or called library research. In collecting the data, it uses the descriptive method and comparison method. From the finding, it can be concluded that linguistics pays attention to its function in teaching. Linguistics and language teaching are closely related to each other. This is because language teaching goes hand in hand with language growth. How is it possible that a language teacher can practice language skills if he does not master linguistics itself, how can he train writing skills if he does not master spelling, morphology, syntax, semantics, and lexicology? In addition, as a language teacher, he not only has to practice language skills but also has to explain the rules of the language correctly.

This study examines the effect of the snake and ladder game on Islamic history Fathu Mecca learning outcomes based on observations at the SD Muhammadiyah in Indonesia. Students have been shown to acquire standard competency through the study of Islamic history. This course is very important to build a strong Muslim identity, especially in Islamic School Muhammadiyah. Meanwhile, the snake and ladder game has been used by several educators in the teaching and learning process. This game positively influences students’ learning outcomes. Therefore, the authors developed and integrated Islamic history into the snake and ladder game board. This research was a quantitative study conducted on 60 fifth-grade students divided into experiment and control classes. Furthermore, the data were collected using observation, interview, and t-test hypotheses. The results showed that the snake and ladder game positively affects students’ learning outcomes in studying Islamic history. Based on the result, this game provides opportunities for students to explore, identify, practice, and understand concepts. The teachers are expected to encourage students to develop skills for discovering knowledge through an inspiring and fun learning atmosphere.

This study focuses on the discipline of psycholinguistics regarding language disorders in children, to be precise of Specific Language Impairment (SLI). This article analyzes two 6-year-old children who show the characteristics of having SLI in language disorders during the COVID-19 pandemic. In order to carry out this study, the researcher used a qualitative descriptive research method. The method aims to describe in a systematic, actual, and accurate way. This research is an analytical study of official documents such as books, articles, journals, and the internet. The accuracy of the data is obtained from the observations of the researcher herself. This study reports that children with SLI often stay until school age and can lead to a lack of academic ability and cause various psychosocial problems. Some of the causes of SLI in children include genetic, environmental, and social factors, pre and perinatal, gender, prematurity, weight, socio- economic status, maternal mental status, mother's education, and vocabulary, and history of speech-language difficulties.

This study focuses on how important it is to apply politeness in speaking with someone from the perspective of English Education students. To do this research, researchers used qualitative methods. One of the techniques that researchers use in this study is the non-interactive technique that is the questionnaire. This questionnaire was chosen to explore deeper information about the opinions of English Education Students at State Islamic University of North Sumatera Medan starting from the 2nd – 8th Semester (participants or respondents) on the importance of expressing politeness. Researchers chose the questionnaire technique in order to shorten the time and got more participants rather than had to conduct interviews. This study reports the choice of being polite for people is influenced by differences in power relations, such as notion of status, age, gender, and social distance. This study emphasizes that politeness is needed to be implemented since rudeness creates conflict between one to another person.

The basic age phase is a golden age for children. The Qur'an as a 'holy book' Muslims should be read, apprehended, cared for and memorized (QS.18:27). Prototype (basic concept) in memorizing it has spread in (QS. 75: 16-18). The application of (QS. 75: 16-18) can be done using the Takrir (repetitive) method. The role of parents, teachers and peers has a major impact on the process of memorizing Al Huffaz (memorization) of the Qur'an at the elementary age level. This research uses a qualitative-descriptive approach, with an insendental sampling technique. The subjects in this study were all of the Tahfidz / Tahfidzah Islamic Center Medan teachers who fostered elementary age children ranging from 5-9 years. Data collection is done by observation, interview and documentation. The results of this study indicate that (1) Takrir (repetitive) method as a prototype (basic concept) in memorizing the Qur'an at the basic age level in Islamic Center Medan (2) Takrir (repetitive) method is very effective to be used in forming Al Qur'an recitation at a level. primary age children in Medan Islamic Center (3) The role of parents, teachers and peers is very influential in the process of memorizing an Al Huffaz (memorizer) of the Qur'an at the basic age level at the Islamic Center Medan.

Lack of vocabulary became a problem on student reading comprehension. This condition brings the writers to solve student’s problem by applying of vocabulary self-collection strategy. Several researchers conducted the effect of vocabulary self-collection in teaching language learning. The results showed that this strategy is effective to help students in language learning. Therefore, writers intrigued to apply this strategy. Vocabulary self-collection strategy is an interactive-learning instructional strategy that shows the word consciousness To implement this strategy, the writers used Classroom Action Research. It took four steps proposed by Kemmis and Taggart, Planning, action, observation and reflection. This research took 36 students in Mas Al Ulum Medan. Based on the two cycles, it can be proved that the mean score is higher in the second cycle. The mean score of first cycle was 65,7 %. Furthermore, it was categorized as the criteria of not success in test reading. If we compare to the diagnose test before, it seem the significant differences among of them. Moreover, the use of vocabulary self-collection strategy is not only increase student reading comprehension but also student’s curiosity and interesting in reading of English text. It can be seen from the observation had been done by the researcher and collaborator during the application of this strategy. They looked more active than before. The student enjoyed this strategy because it can help them in reading and memorizing of the word. Therefore, the application of this vocabulary self-collection can be recommended to improve students in reading skill. Furthermore, the result also suggest to teachers, lecturers or other educators to attempt this strategy in supporting of language learning. Because of this strategy is usable to improve student ability in English skill and student’s interest in learning English.

This research was aimed to enhance students’ speaking skill at eight grade students of Islamic Junior High School Sawit Seberang, Langkat Regency. The subject of this research was a class consisted of 40 students. The research consisted of two cycles. Each cycles consisted of two meetings. The object of this research was to enhance students’ speaking skill by the use of Ice Breaker strategy. This research was conducted by using Classroom Action Research. Qualitative and Quantitative data were used in this research. The qualitative data while the quantitative data were taken from students’ score in Pre-Test, Post Test I, and Post-Test II. The result of analyzing data indicated that there was significance enhancement on students’ speaking skill after the use of Ice Breaker strategy. It can be seen from the students’ score in every cycle. In Pre-Test, there were only 30% (12 students) whose score up to 75. In Post-Test I, there was 52.5% on the percentage of students whose score up 75 (21 students), while in Post-Test II there were 80% students whose score up 75 (32 students). From data analysis, it showed that there was enhancement on students’ speaking skill. It can be seen from the mean of Post-Test II was 80.3. In other words, students’ speaking skill has enhanced. Based on the qualitative data, the students gave good responses and showed enthusiasm after the use of Ice Breaker strategy in speaking skill.