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Styrene–butadiene rubber (SBR) waste from the shoe industry was repurposed to produce polypropylene (PP)-based compounds, with the aim of evaluating their antistatic potential. Styrene–ethylene–propylene (SEP) was added as a compatibilizing agent, while carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) were incorporated as a conductive nanofiller. The polymer compounds were processed in an internal mixer, and injection molded. The properties evaluated included torque rheometry, melt flow index (MFI), impact strength, tensile strength, Shore D hardness, electrical conductivity, heat deflection temperature (HDT), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), along with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) for morphology analysis. The production of the PP/SBR/SEP (60/30/10 wt%) compound resulted in a ductile material, enhancing impact strength and elongation at break to 161.2% and 165.2%, respectively, compared to pure PP. The addition of SEP improved the compatibility of the PP/SBR system, leading to an increase in the torque curve and a reduction in the MFI. Furthermore, the SBR/SEP combination in PP accelerated the crystallization process and increased the degree of crystallinity, suggesting a nucleating effect. Carbon nanotubes, in concentrations ranging from 0.5 to 2 phr (parts per hundred resin), were added to the PP/SBR/SEP system. Only the PP/SBR/SEP/MWCNT compound with 2 phr of MWCNT was suitable for antistatic applications, exhibiting an electrical conductivity of 4.52 × 10−07 S/cm. This was due to the greater distribution of MWCNT in the PP matrix, as demonstrated by SEM. In addition, remains tough at room temperature, with a 166% increase in impact strength compared to PP. However, there was a reduction in elastic modulus, tensile strength, Shore D hardness, and HDT due to increased flexibility. SBR waste can be reintegrated into the production chain to produce antistatic polymeric compounds, obtaining a tough material at room temperature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The postconsumer waste of vulcanized styrene–butadiene rubber (SBRr) is a raw material rich in additives with potential reuse in the plastics processing industry. The present investigation evaluated the effectiveness of styrene–ethylene/butylene–styrene copolymer (SEBS) in the compatibilization of biopolyethylene (BioPE)/SBRr blends. The blends were processed in a twin-screw extruder and injection molded to evaluate the melt flow index (MFI), impact strength, tensile strength, Shore D hardness, thermogravimetry (TG), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and heat deflection temperature (HDT). Morphology was studied by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The BioPE/SBRr/SEBS blend (70/20/10 wt%) showed the lowest MFI, which indicates a higher viscosity and, consequently, higher compatibility that led to increments of 120% and 698.6% on impact strength and elongation at break, respectively, compared to the noncompatibilized system. The reduction in elastic modulus, tensile strength, and Shore D hardness confirmed the increased flexibility of the BioPE/SBRr/SEBS blends. Melting and crystallization properties of the polymer blends were comparable to the BioPE matrix, suggesting that 20 wt% SBRr content did not severely deteriorate the thermal behavior. SEM analysis showed that SEBS induced a morphology with extensive plastic deformation, confirming the high impact strength and elongation at break. BioPE/SBRr blends compatibilized with SEBS offer significant technological potential, indicating that SBRr can be introduced into the productive chain and contribute to sustainability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The luxury goods industry has always been a highly anticipated area in the market. With the development of the global economy and the improvement of people's living standards, the luxury goods market has also flourished. However, overall, according to the quarterly or fiscal annual reports released by major luxury brands in the luxury industry in recent years, their common characteristic is the sharp decline in revenue in China; from a regional perspective, the decline in sales in China has the greatest impact on the decreasing total revenue of brands over the years. Such as STUART WEITZMAN, the representative head luxury women's shoe brand, total direct sales, which include stores and e-commerce, in FY23 both declined by as much as 24% compared to FY22. This article takes STUART WEITZMAN as an example to study the specific reasons for the decline in sales volume of luxury in China market in recent years compared to previous years. This study uses the market mix model to analyze STUART WEITZMAN 's marketing strategy in the market, Using the PEST model to analyze the macro environment, Use SWOT to analyze the internal and external environment of STUART WEITZMAN. Research has found that the main reason for the decline in luxury goods sales in recent years is luxury brands have been raising prices, and consumers are psychologically unable to accept the increasing premium. The middle class is more inclined to consider practicality and cost-effectiveness, pursuing the ultimate cost-effectiveness. Secondly, consumers have more other options. In addition to luxury brands, high-end niche brands, designer brands, high-end custom brands, and traditional Chinese brands have also begun to be favored by luxury consumers. Finally, in the post pandemic era, outbound tourism has resumed, and consumers can purchase the same products overseas at more favorable prices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates the feasibility of remanufacturing shoemaking machines for sustainability using a combined AHP and DEMATEL approach. The AHP prioritizes machine types for remanufacturing, while the DEMATEL analyzes the interdependencies of influencing factors. Results indicate sole-making equipment as the most suitable candidate, followed by surface and forming equipment. Furthermore, appropriate product design, modularity, and a complete recycling system emerge as crucial for successful strategies. The DEMATEL confirms the foundational role of these factors in influencing a positive corporate image and business model. This study offers valuable insights and recommendations for Taiwan-based shoemaking machine OEMs in India to formulate strategies that promote remanufacturing. The findings highlight the critical role of OEMs in raising customer awareness regarding the environmental and economic benefits of returning end-of-life products and utilizing remanufactured machinery. Effective strategies should emphasize the importance of design for remanufacturing principles, modular machine architectures, and the establishment of comprehensive recycling systems. By fostering customer engagement through such initiatives, OEMs can create a collaborative ecosystem that facilitates the successful implementation of remanufacturing practices within the Indian market. Overall, the study presents a compelling case for remanufacturing as a strategic approach for OEMs to promote a circular economy, resource efficiency, and a sustainable future for footwear production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Epithelial sinonasal cancers (SNC) are rare tumours with recognized associations with known/suspected occupational carcinogens (wood/leather dust, nickel/chromium compounds and formaldehyde). In Italy, a national SNC registry organized as a network of regional registries was established by law in 2008. Aims To describe SNC time trends, occupational exposures and geographical distribution in Lombardy, North-West Italy, based on population registry data (2008–20). Methods The Lombardy SNC Registry records epithelial SNCs using various sources. Interviews to collect occupational history are performed using a standardized questionnaire. Using several standard populations, we calculated yearly crude and age-standardized rates (ASRs per 100,000 person-years). Standardized incidence ratios (SIR) at municipality level were calculated, and Bayesian models were fitted to produce smoothed SIR maps. Results We recorded 827 cases (553 men, 274 women). Crude (world standardized) ASRs were 0.9 (0.4) in men and 0.4 (0.2) in women, with no time trends. Interviews were obtained for 485 (88%) men and 223 (81%) women. Among men, 217 (45%) had been exposed to occupational carcinogens (wood/leather dust: 150/65 cases, 31%/13%), while only 36 women (16%) were exposed. Among 201 men with adenocarcinoma, exposure to wood/leather dust occurred in 103/50 cases (75%/50%). Areas with elevated SIRs associated with leather dust were found in the Western areas. Exposure to wood dust was more widespread. Conclusions This study found a high frequency of occupational exposures (wood and leather dust), particularly in men with SNC. Employment in shoe industries clustered in the Western part, while work in furniture industries was less spatially structured. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper focuses on optimising pick-and-place tasks performed by a dual-arm collaborative robot in a specific shoe manufacturing industry environment. The robot must identify the pieces of a shoe placed on a tray, pick them up, and place them in a shoe mold for further processing. The shoe pieces arrive on the tray in random positions and angles and can be picked up in a different order. Optimising these tasks could increase the assembly speed of each unit and improve shoe production. To achieve this goal, a mathematical model based on binary integer linear programming (BILP) has been developed. This model determines the optimal sequence for picking and placing the shoe pieces in the mold, thus minimising the time required for picking and decision-making. The effectiveness of this approach has been tested using two 3-piece unit shoe models: one for training and another for validation. These models encompass a total of 500 trays. An analysis of the results reveals that BILP offers advantages for task motion planning in complex environments with multiple trajectories and the potential for collisions between arms. The model's generalizability to shoes with n assembly pieces further confirms its robustness for various piece counts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since the 1990s, most athletics federations have undertaken sponsorship negotiations with private shoe/apparel corporations. While these deals bring great sums of cash into the sport, some of which trickles down to the athletes, a great deal of it is used to leverage both hard and soft power in different regions of the world. The sponsorship regulations of national athletics federations have been recently politicized because of the ways that they conflict with their individual sponsorship agreements with other companies. Few, however, have examined the historical lineages and concerns for Ethiopian and Kenyan athletes – who come from some of the most cash poor and talent rich regions of the athletics world. This paper charts the historical relations and implications of the changes to commercial development and sponsorship as it pertains to Ethiopia and Kenya to broaden the geopolitical scope on this issue. Drawing on archival material and interviews with athletes and agents, it becomes clear that sponsors had their eyes on far more than outfitting the world's top distance runners with their logo. Rather, they were after soft power that would enable them greater control in the flow of goods and capital to and within these countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Given the inadequacy of the traditional cost systems applied in the economic entities, which do not take into account the non-financial variables, which are the essential core for pushing the economic entity towards success and leadership to keep pace with developments in the field of technology and the modern industrial and administrative business environment and in line with the constantly renewed requirements of customers due to flooding the market with various goods and services. Therefore, the research aimed to study and analyze the role of costing technology based on specifications (ABCII). In order to reduce production costs, the costing technology was applied to one of the products of Factory No. (7). One of the factories, the Leather Factory of the General Company for Textile and Leather Industries, is based on field experience, conducting personal interviews, and analyzing data. The research reached several conclusions. The most important of which is that the application of (ABCII) technology in the research sample (leather factory / advanced civil shoes factory No. 7) contributed to reducing costs by the amount and capacity of (17251108). Moreover, it was only seventeen million two hundred and fifty-one thousand one hundred and eight Iraqi dinars for sales (1484 pairs) in 2018. Furthermore, it is dispensing with activities that do not add value, considering maintaining the required level of product quality and maximizing customer benefit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Both the Lean philosophy and occupational safety and health have been widely studied, although this has usually been carried out independently. However, the correlation between Lean and occupational safety and health in the industrial context is still underexplored. Indeed, Lean tools can be applied to ensure the best safety environment for workers in each kind of manufacturing process, and this deserves to be studied. The study described here aims to understand the influence of each of a set of four Lean tools used in an industrial context with a strong manual labor component, seeking to determine the influence of each of these Lean tools on the increase in safety obtained through their application. For this purpose, four Lean tools that are quite commonly applied are selected, taking into account previously presented work that pointed to the positive influence of the application of each of these tools on worker safety: total productive maintenance system, Gemba walk, visual management and Yokoten. This study aims to apply these Lean tools and to analyze their impact on productivity, and then, on the safety of a company selected as a target in order to validate the concept. For this purpose, a new tool is created. In the first instance, the tool analyzes the current state of the productive process and the safety level through the study of the risk levels detected in the plant. In terms of productivity results, a reduction between 7% and 12% in cycle time is achieved in four areas of the plant. The feedback from employees showed increased satisfaction with the processes' simplification. To conclude, a 50% reduction in the number of work accidents per month is observed as a result of the implementation of Lean tools. The influence of the selected Lean tools on increasing both productivity and safety is clear, and our results prove the selection of tools to be largely adequate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In manufacturing processes, there are conditions that continually impact decision-making among when choosing among alternatives; the selection is usually influenced by critical aspects such as quality, productivity, costs and customer feedback, among others. This article analyzes different adhesives for the process of gluing parts for sports shoes in a company located in the city of Purisima del Rincon in Guanajuato, México. The analysis employs statistical engineering tools and an Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) methodology. The case studied deals with an issue with gluing parts. The glue currently employed is of good quality but has drawbacks such as its high cost and thickness, which leads to a time-consuming manual application, affecting productivity. We propose and apply an AHP model with input information obtained by means of industrial experimentation in order to select the best alternative. Objective and subjective judgments relate to the quality score, production capacity, ease of application, and utility per pair. The chosen alternative represented the best option after factoring in all aspects of interest for the overall goal.

This paper considers the role in which women played within religious organisations within the 19th and 20th centuries. Using the Northampton Boot and Shoe industry as a focus, it will explore the philanthropic activities carried out by women connected to the industry, and how they were able to support the local churches. The paper also considers the importance of women's history within a local history study as well as showing women's contribution to society and their local community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The global tendency of the contemporary scientific studies is using alternative biologic models as substitutes of experimental animals. HET-CAM (The Hen's Egg Test on the Chorioallantoie Membrane Assay) is an alternative to in vivo tests involving experimental animals. This test is actively used in different biomedical studies. The aim of our work was to study the irritating potential of adhesives used in shoe making industry in experimental setting using the alternative HET-CAM method. Polyurethane, polychloroprene, rubber and styrene-butadiene adhesives that are widely used in shoe-making industry were studied . HET-CAM test was used for the evaluation of the irritating action of the aforementioned adhesives. All adhesives were applied directly onto the chorioallantoic membrane of chick embryos with reactions and changes (hemorrhages, vascular lysis and coagulation) observed and registered in 30, 120 and 300 seconds after the application of the adhesive. Irritating potential of the adhesives was evaluated according to a calculated irritating index. The most pronounced signs of irritating action were caused by polyurethane adhesives, namely hemorrhages and coagulation (30 sec) – two-component adhesive and hemorrhages (30 sec) and coagulation (120-300 sec) – one-component adhesive. Vascular reactions from application of styrene-butadiene adhesives manifested predominantly with lysis and hemorrhages (30 sec), in some samples these reactions were observed at a later time-point (120-300 sec). Irritating action of rubber adhesives manifested mostly with hemorrhages (30 sec), one observation showed lysis (120 sec). Polychloroprene adhesive caused hemorrhages (30-120 sec) and also lysis (30 sec) in one of the samples. According to the irritating index, polyurethane (one- and two-component) and styrene-butadiene adhesives were estimated to be strong irritants, while rubber and polychloroprene ones cause moderate irritating action. НЕТ-САМ test can be used as a component in the evaluation of evidence of irritating action of shoe adhesives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

According to the Dual-Process Model, salespeople might utilize intuitive and/or deliberate judgments to make sales decisions. These two systems are distinct and used in isolation by the decision-maker. On the contrary, the Uni-Process Model suggests an alignment between the two styles of thinking based on common rules and principles, meaning they are integrated into one decision-making process. The processes happen simultaneously, not independently. We subscribe to this logic and test these two judgments according to salespeople's perception across three studies. First, we examine salespeople in the shoe industry, second salespeople working in the retail banking, and finally through a comprehensive meta-analysis. We investigate the effects of salespeople's intuition, deliberation, and 'intuition-deliberation alignment' on sales performance through the mediating mechanism of acquisition-retention ambidexterity, finding effects across each context. While this does provide evidence that the two judgments may work well separately, it strongly supports the use of the Uni-Process Model to explain and predict sales outcomes. Specifically, while both intuitive and deliberate judgment isolate increase sales performance through salespeople's ambidextrous behavior, the newly created intuitive-deliberative alignment construct suggests that sales performance is higher when salespeople's intuitive and deliberative judgements are both high rather than when both are low, and this effect goes through A-R ambidexterity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this research was to present a model of financial decisions and efficient financial knowledge to improve cost management in the shoe and leather industry of East Azerbaijan province. This research was applied in terms of purpose and was mixed (quantitative and qualitative) in terms of its nature. In the qualitative part, the method of interviews and foundation data was used, and in the quantitative part, the method of structural equations was used. The statistical population of the research in the qualitative part includes university professors specializing in management and accounting, and the quantitative part includes managers and specialists in the shoe and leather industry of East Azerbaijan province. According to the principles of qualitative methods, 20 experts were selected for interviews and the qualitative part of the research, and in the quantitative method, 150 cases were selected as a sample by sampling from the managers and employees of the management and accounting department of the shoe and leather industry in East Azarbaijan province. To analyze data in a qualitative method, MAXQDA software was used and SMART PLS software was used in a quantitative part. Based on the research results, a total of 94 subcategories in 30 codes and finally 5 main categories (financial decision efficiency, financial efficiency and literacy, cost control and reduction, effective strategies, and cost management consequences) were determined. It was extracted based on the interview method. In the quantitative section, based on the method of structural equations, the developed model had a favourable fit with a value of 0.513. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Polymeric biocomposites based on TPU/recycled TPUW/mixed leather and SBR rubber waste unmodified/modified with polydimethylsiloxane/PE-g-MA in different percentages were made via the mixing technique on a Plasti-Corder Brabender mixer with an internal capacity of 350 cm3. The waste, which came from the shoe industry, was cryogenically ground with the help of a cryogenic cyclone mill at micrometric sizes and different speeds. For the tests, standard plates of 150 × 150 × 2 mm were obtained in a laboratory-scale hydraulic press via the method of compression between its plates, with well-established parameters. The biocomposites were tested physico-mechanically and rheologically (MFI) according to the standards in force on polymer-specific equipment, also via FT-IR spectroscopy and microscopy, as well as via differential scanning calorimetry—DSC. Following the tests carried out, according to the standard for use in the footwear industry, at least two samples present optimal values (of interest) suitable for use in the footwear industry by injection or pressing in forming moulds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Introduction: Benzene is one of the pollutants in the shoe home industry that can cause cancer among the workers. The present research aimed to analyze the relationship between exposure to benzene and spmA (s-phenylmercapturic Acid) in the urine of shoe-making home industry workers in Surabaya. Methods: This was an observational study using an analytical research method where the total number of respondents in the sample was 10. The concentration of benzene was measured using Gas Chromatography-FID (Flame Ionization Detector). The data collection technique was descriptive analysis for each variable from among the worker’s characteristics. The analysis of the relationship between the level of spmA in their urine and the worker’s characteristics was performed using regression tests while the analysis of the relationship between the level of benzene in the air and the levels of workers’ spmA was performed using the Spearman correlation test. Results: The benzene I levels in the work environment were found to be between 0.06 ppm - 53.8 ppm. The average spmA was 6.68 μg/g creatinine. The p value of the relationship between the variable levels of benzene and the levels of spmA was 0.879 with a Spearman correlation coefficient of 0.056. Conclusion: The mean concentration of benzene in the air at the 6 point uptake was over the threshold. Based on the results of the spmA examination, the mean value of spmA was below the threshold value. The test results on the level of benzene in the air and the spmA indicate a very weak relationship.

Background: In infants and young children, a wide heterogeneity of foot shape is typical. Therefore, children, who are additionally influenced by rapid growth and maturation, are a very special cohort for foot measurements and the footwear industry. The importance of foot measurements for footwear fit, design, as well as clinical applications has been sufficiently described. New measurement techniques (3D foot scanning) allow the assessment of the individual foot shape. However, the validity in comparison to conventional methods remains unclear. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to compare 3D foot scanning with two established measurement methods (2D digital scanning/manual foot measurements). Methods: Two hundred seventy seven children (125 m / 152 f; mean ± SD: 8.0 ± 1.5yrs; 130.2 ± 10.7cm; 28.0 ± 7.3kg) were included into the study. After collection of basic data (sex, age (yrs), body height (cm), body weight (kg)) geometry of the right foot was measured in static condition (stance) with three different measurement systems (fixed order): manual foot measurement, 2D foot scanning (2D desk scanner) and 3D foot scanning (hand-held 3D scanner). Main outcomes were foot length, foot width (projected; anatomical; instep), heel width and anatomical foot ball breadth. Analysis of variances for dependent samples was applied to test for differences between foot measurement methods (Post-hoc analysis: Tukey-Kramer-Test; α=0.05). Results: Significant differences were found for all outcome measures comparing the three methods (p<0.0001). The span of foot length differences ranged from 3 to 6mm with 2D scans showing the smallest and 3D scans the largest deviations. Foot width measurements in comparison of 3D and 2D scans showed consistently higher values for 3D measurements with the differences ranging from 1mm to 3mm. Conclusions: The findings suggests that when comparing foot data, it is important to consider the differences caused by new measurement methods. Differences of about 0.6cm are relevant when measuring foot length, as this is the difference of a complete shoe size (Parisian point). Hence, correction factors may be required to compare the results of different measurements appropriately. The presented results may have relevance in the field of ergonomics (shoe industry) as well as clinical practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The working class has been interpreted within various disciplines and conceptual frameworks, some pointing to the gap between the depiction of the working class as a potentially active social force in the neoliberal deregulated global market and its portrayal as a suffering class of the marginal and excluded. In this text, I move behind this dichotomy to explore the everyday experiences of working-class men and women. Based on ethnographic research at the Bata shoe factory in the Czech Republic, I examine the meanings factory workers attach to their working classness. I investigate their sense of place in society in general. I argue that class matters in the workers' perceptions of the self. On the one hand, the workers adopt the awareness of subalternity in relation to the educational and further the labor field that ranks them among the lowest positions. On the other hand, they take individual pride in their endurance of the hard work that shoemaking is believed to be. The committed work and emphasis on collectivity turn the microorganism of the factory into a place of mutual discipline, where the praised collectivity functions also as a tool for enhancing work effectivity, also in the interest of the management. By pointing to the concrete dimensions in which they balance the feelings of pride and shame, belonging, and symbolic displacement, I contribute to the sociological understanding of contemporary working classness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, the companies that received positive independent auditor opinion from textile, clothing and leather industry businesses traded in Borsa Istanbul, Profitability ratios for the period of 2017-2021 were analyzed with the TOPSIS analysis method, and it was aimed to rank the enterprises according to the results obtained. The data of the businesses included in the analysis were obtained from the website of the Public Disclosure Platform. According to the findings obtained from the study, it has been determined that the ranking results based on the profitability ratio criteria differ by years. Yataş Mattress and Quilt Industry and Trade Inc. in 2017, 2019 and 2020, Bossa Industrial Enterprises Inc. in 2018 and 2021, were found to be the enterprises with the highest profitability performance by achieving the first place. Derimod Confection Shoe Leather Industry and Trade Inc. in 2019 and 2021, Söktaş Textile Industry and Trade Inc. in 2018 and 2020, were found to be the companies with the lowest profitability by being at the end of the ranking. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In productivity research with firm data, the existence of endogenous sample attrition is well known. In addition, endogenous sample selection may occur. In a simple model where heterogenous firms consider entry, exit, worker training and price setting in a monopolistically competitive market, I show that firm heterogeneity leads to self-selecting into the market, which in turn dampens the estimate of the marginal effect of worker training. To address the sample selection issue, I devise a generalized method of simulated moments estimator. Estimations with firm data from China's shoe manufacturing industry show that an increase of one standard deviation of worker training expenditure intensity results in an around 5.6% decrease in a firm's labor productivity, larger than the estimate without accounting for endogenous sample selection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study investigated the feasibility of starting a new sports business in the Iranian shoe industry. Methodology: The research method was qualitative, utilizing library sources and interviews with 15 participants, including sports start-up owners and professionals from Science and Technology Park. The thematic analysis method was employed, and the sampling strategy was purposive. In addition, a questionnaire based on the AHP method was distributed among 10 participants to prioritize the key elements. In this regard, Expert Choice software was used. Findings: The study identified economic, financial, environmental, technological, team, and market feasibility essential for launching a sports startup in the shoe industry. Based on the Analytic Hierarchy Process approach, the prioritization of these elements was determined as economic, human resource, financial, market, technological, and environmental. In addition, the prioritization of the sub-elements of each of the feasibility studies was also presented. Sports business owners must conduct proper planning and feasibility assessments when launching sports start-ups, considering the current market conditions. The key elements identified in this study can be used for sports business projects in Iran's economy. Originality: The research has a strategic perspective in examining the probability of successful sports startups, which has received little attention. This study also opens up a new approach to forecasting in the sports shoe industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The social change and ideological change movement in modern China promoted the reform of women's footwear, and the concept of women's choice of footwear and wearing them had changed, which was the innovation of the concept of women's footwear. The transformation of traditional women to have an independent personality step by step was reflected from the bow shoes of women with bound feet to the diversification of footwear for women with natural feet, women from the humble era of small feet to fighting for equal status with men, and then to the consumption behavior and methods of women's footwear of different classes. Thus, the process of changing the concept of women's footwear was also deeply engraved with the evolutionary trajectory of modern civilized women. We adopt the research method of comparative demonstration combined with historical documents, compare the attitudes towards women's foot-binding, natural feet, women's social space and women's social behavior in ancient and modern societies, and summarize three directions for the transformation of the concept of women's footwear in modern times including equality, fashion and hygiene. Furthermore, we explore the reasons and impact of the transformation. The following conclusions are drawn: (i) from the perspective of the spatial sequence of concept change, the concept of women's footwear in Shanghai, Tianjin, Guangzhou and other open-minded cities was first innovated, which was accompanied by a series of new social behaviors, and soon the new concept and new behaviors spread to the surrounding urban and rural areas through the flow of people and goods; (ii)from the perspective of the impact of concept change, the shapes of women's shoes were constantly changing, the colors were coordinated and broke the tradition before, and the materials were comfortable and hygienic, which reflected the domestic shoe industry; (iii) from the perspective of women's life practice, women of different classes had different consumption behaviors and ways of footwear, but the standards of pursuing beauty and the goal of modernization were the same, which promoted the progress of new women's lives. The research on the concept of modern women's footwear is an important part of the new trend of clothing in modern times. From the perspective of modern women's footwear reform, we closely combine social reform and ideological change movements, analyze the changes in women's wearing and choosing shoes before and after they put their feet on, and reveal the scientific understanding of new women's footwear. The spread and popularity of this concept have accelerated the modern people's ability to accept new shoe styles and new clothing, and promoted the transformation and development of modern clothing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Shoes are one of the important needs for all ages where wearing shoes can directly support the performance of our appearance. purchasing decisions including fashion. At present, changes in people's lifestyles are influenced by fashion and this is what makes the industry movement in the fashion sector more consumptive. In the world of fashion, changes for the sake of changes in style occur continuously like shoe models. The city of Kebumen is one of the places that has a great opportunity to build an imported shoe business because shoe stores that sell imported shoes with quality brands are still rare and not many can be found. So the purpose of this study is to find out the implementation of the PinkShoes shoe company strategy, in maintaining business and solving existing problems from a marketing perspective. In this study the authors used the approach of segmentation, targeting, and positioning. The result of the research is a comparison between the strategic plan and the running of the business. It can be concluded that Pinkshoes in the implementation of business activities is always carried out according to plan, but for results there is still something that needs to be done for adjustments and improvements so that they can compete with others. In implementing Pinkshoes' business activities, it experienced several problems. From the practices that have been carried out by the Pink Shoes shoe business, there has been a change in strategy. This is due to the impact of the Covid 19 pandemic. So this also has an impact on estimated financial statements. Because the changes made adjust to the circumstances and the right strategy so that you don't experience significant losses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present work deals with the valorization of agro-industrial by-products to realize bonded abrasives. Four by-products were studied because of their wide availability and mechanical properties: palm nuts shells (Elaeis guineensis), Coco Nucifera shells, fruit kernels of Canarium schweinfurthii and fruit kernels of Raffia Vinifera. The Oliver and Pharr hardness and Young’s modulus of the raffia cores are obtained by instrumented macro indentation, giving the values 101 MPa and 1.82 GPa, respectively. The development of the abrasive wheels was based on the experimental method of full factorial design at 2 levels. Porosity, hardness, resilience, material removal rate and wear were determined. Leeb 280 HL hardness shoe sole material was used for tribological testing. The optimal formulations have 20% binder content and 1 mm grain size of the four agro-industrial by-products used with a higher material removal rate and a longer life than commercial grinding wheels. These results presage their use in the shoe industry and abrasive disc huskers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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This paper outlines an overview of recent research advances in different production technologies toward sustainable development of nonwoven naturally sourced materials as alternatives to conventional synthetic laminated and bovine leather in the footwear industry. The current state of the footwear industry as a major stakeholder in the fashion sector is discussed, its footprints on the environment, and key developments from nonwoven natural fibrous materials for different footwear components are highlighted. Lastly, the review discusses recent research innovations of naturally sourced fibrous materials as leather alternatives in the footwear sector with special focus on sustainability and material performance. In addition, challenges and limitations in terms of industrial scalability and market potential are outlined. In conclusion, featuring promising nonwoven natural fibrous leather alternatives obtained via up-cycling of agro-wastes using microbes and fungi may be used in the textile and shoe industries. Since the prepared sheets through simple and cost-effective processes visually resemble conventional leather and demonstrate comparable material and tactile properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents the publication of the factory newsletter Čevljar in the company Peko Tržič. The purpose of the factory newsletters was to inform the workers about the company’s operations and other current topics. The article focuses on the content of Čevljar, namely on contributions related to imparting new knowledge and contributions that encouraged employees to pursue formal education. Factory newsletters, which began to be published in this country in the 1960s, over the years upgraded the types of articles and the format but kept their basic structure. The editorial staff of Čevljar followed the content guidelines of publishing factory newsletters, while among the contributions there was a great emphasis on encouraging employees to receive additional formal education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background In infants and young children, a wide heterogeneity of foot shape is typical. Therefore, children, who are additionally influenced by rapid growth and maturation, are a very special cohort for foot measurements and the footwear industry. The importance of foot measurements for footwear fit, design, as well as clinical applications has been sufficiently described. New measurement techniques (3D foot scanning) allow the assessment of the individual foot shape. However, the validity in comparison to conventional methods remains unclear. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to compare 3D foot scanning with two established measurement methods (2D digital scanning/manual foot measurements). Methods Two hundred seventy seven children (125 m / 152 f; mean ± SD: 8.0 ± 1.5yrs; 130.2 ± 10.7cm; 28.0 ± 7.3kg) were included into the study. After collection of basic data (sex, age (yrs), body height (cm), body weight (kg)) geometry of the right foot was measured in static condition (stance) with three different measurement systems (fixed order): manual foot measurement, 2D foot scanning (2D desk scanner) and 3D foot scanning (hand‐held 3D scanner). Main outcomes were foot length, foot width (projected; anatomical; instep), heel width and anatomical foot ball breadth. Analysis of variances for dependent samples was applied to test for differences between foot measurement methods (Post‐hoc analysis: Tukey‐Kramer‐Test; α=0.05). Results Significant differences were found for all outcome measures comparing the three methods (p

Copyright of Transfer: Zeitschrift für Kommunikation & Markenmanagement is the property of Deutsche Werbewissenschaftliche Gesellschaft and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The objective of this research was to optimize the process of producing nonwoven fabrics for shoe industry with good hygienic and deformation and strength properties. The task of the research was to study the influence of various types of fibrous raw materials, the content of hydrophilic fibres in the mixture and other technological parameters on the properties of nonwoven thermally bonded materials. Various fibres mixtures have been produced, deformation and strength and functional properties of nonwoven thermally bonded fabrics have been studied, optimal conditions for the production of nonwoven materials for the shoe industry have been experimentally established, mathematical dependencies of the operational properties of nonwoven shoe materials on the technological parameters of production have been determined. It has been established that depending on the material purpose and the requirements put to it, the optimal technological parameters for the production of nonwoven shoe materials are selected for the particular case in order to achieve the best quality indicators of products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]