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Objective: To observe the effect of modified ultrafiltration on hemodynamics of pediatric patients. Study Design: A descriptive cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Pediatric Cardiac Surgery department, AFIC/NIHD Rawalpindi, from Jun 2019 to Dec 2019. Methodology: A total of 60 pediatric patients were included undergoing open-heart surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass, having age ≤6 years and weights ≤15kg. To assess hemodynamics parameters observed were pre modified ultrafiltration and post modified ultrafiltration measurements of haemoglobin level, systolic pressure, diastolic pressure, central venous pressure and the number of transfusions given after off-bypass. The data was entered and analyzed in SPSS-23. Results: The pre-operative mean Hb level of the 60 sampled patients was 12.08 ± 2.89 g/dl. The findings taken pre modified ultrafiltration and post modified ultrafiltration of haemoglobin level was (9.91 ± 0.91 g/dl and 13.09 ± 1.38 g/dl, p0.005) compared pre modified ultrafiltration and post modified ultrafiltration respectively. Conclusion: The study concluded that modified ultrafiltration has a significant impact on haemoglobin levels after bypass, decreases the allogenic transfusions and also improve the hemodynamics of the patient.

In this paper, we classify the conjugacy classes of the action of PSL₂(O₂) on the projective line over finite fields, PL(F_{p}), where p is the M-S prime, by using the method of parametrization and investigate the behavoior of coset diagrams of these actions. We prove that the action of PSL₂(O₂) on PL(F_{p}) is transitive for all conjugacy classes except for the conjugacy class in which 2 is a perfact square in F_{p}. We also prove that the homomorphic images of PSL₂(O₂) represented by these coset diagrams are isomorphic to the rank one Chevalley groups, L₂(p), for all p≥11. We also study the behavior of the coset diagram of the homomorphic images of PSL₂(O₂) for the conjugacy class in which 2 is a perfact square in F_{p} and prove that these coset diagrams admit symmetry about the vertical line of axis in two dimensional space. We also prove that these coset diagrams depict intransitive action of PSL₂(O₂) on PL(F_{p}). This algebraic fact leads us to develop a formula to count the number of orbits occuring in each coset diagram of this particular class. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As computer-based systems proliferate around the world, an increasing number of illiterate and semiliterate people come into contact with systems they do not understand. Unfortunately, these systems are increasingly important in one’s day-to-day life be it seeking employment through online applications, applying and receiving government services, seeking medical information, or simply becoming aware of current events. With more than 774 million people classified as illiterate or semiliterate, there is a need to better understand how to design user interfaces to allow this group of individuals access to online services. This article presents a study contrasting four different interface design styles providing online assistance for the task of completing an online internship application. One hundred eighty subjects in the Republic of Rwanda with low literacy skills were divided into four different groups to complete online task by using one of these interfaces. The results show that semiliterate users’ performance using the online assistance improved significantly and the percentage of completed tasks increased from 52% to 94%. Statistical analysis of the System Usability Scale indicates that their average subjective usability score boosted from 39 to 80 using the online assistance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]