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Au-RGO/TiO2 nanotubes were prepared by anodic oxidation and electrochemical deposition, and their performance for photocatalytic degradation of ciprofloxacin was investigated.

Fluorescence spectroscopy, particle size determination, and potential analysis were exploited to elucidate the effect of Lonicera edulis polysaccharide on polyphenol protein. The results revealed that Lonicera edulis polysaccharides mediated the binding of polyphenols and proteins through competition and formation of ternary complexes and were also able to enhance the stability of the polyphenol-protein complex solution system. A certain electrostatic effect was also present in the process simultaneously. As confirmed by the dyeing test, to improve oral dyeing, the optimum conditions of adding polysaccharide, pectin, and casein were as follows: the dosage of the polysaccharide group was 1.2 mg/mL, coloring time was 100 min, pH value was 4.0. Pectin group added 0.8 mg/mL with coloring time 80 min, pH 5.0. The addition of casein was 1.2 mg/mL; the coloring time was 100 min with pH 5.0. The sample juice substantiated a significant improvement in the dyeing of porcine tongue mucosa. Under the optimal conditions, microscopic observation validates that the mucosal color of the porcine tongue epidermis was closer to that of unstained porcine tongue epidermis, which significantly improved astringency and oral staining.

PURPOSE Standard adjuvant chemotherapy for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) includes a taxane and an anthracycline. Concomitant capecitabine may be beneficial, but robust data to support this are lacking. The efficacy and safety of the addition of capecitabine into the TNBC adjuvant treatment regimen was evaluated. PATIENTS AND METHODS This randomized, open-label, phase III trial was conducted in China. Eligible female patients with early TNBC after definitive surgery were randomly assigned (1:1) to either capecitabine (3 cycles of capecitabine and docetaxel followed by 3 cycles of capecitabine, epirubicin, and cyclophosphamide) or control treatment (3 cycles of docetaxel followed by 3 cycles of fluorouracil, epirubicin, and cyclophosphamide). Randomization was centralized without stratification. The primary end point was disease-free survival (DFS). RESULTS Between June 2012 and December 2013, 636 patients with TNBC were screened, and 585 were randomly assigned to treatment (control, 288; capecitabine, 297). Median follow-up was 67 months. The 5-year DFS rate was higher for capecitabine than for control treatment (86.3% v 80.4%; hazard ratio, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.44 to 0.99; P = .044). Five-year overall survival rates were numerically higher but not significantly improved (capecitabine, 93.3%; control, 90.7%). Overall, 39.1% of patients had capecitabine dose reductions, and 8.4% reported grade ≥ 3 hand-foot syndrome. The most common grade ≥ 3 hematologic toxicities were neutropenia (capecitabine, 136 [45.8%]; control, 118 [41.0%]) and febrile neutropenia (capecitabine, 50 [16.8%]; control, 46 [16.0%]). Safety data were similar to the known capecitabine safety profile and generally comparable between arms. CONCLUSION Capecitabine when added to 3 cycles of docetaxel followed by 3 cycles of a 3-drug anthracycline combination containing capecitabine instead of fluorouracil significantly improved DFS in TNBC without new safety concerns.

Background: Standard adjuvant chemotherapy for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) comprises a taxane and an anthracycline. Concomitant capecitabine may add efficacy benefits, but robust data are lacking. The efficacy and safety of capecitabine integration into the TNBC adjuvant treatment regimen was evaluated. Methods: This was a randomised, open-label, phase 3 trial conducted in China (ClinicalTrials.gov identification NCT01642771). Post-resection, eligible female patients with early TNBC were randomly assigned (1:1) to either capecitabine treatment (3 cycles of capecitabine and docetaxel followed by 3 cycles of cyclophosphamide, epirubicin, and capecitabine [TX-XEC]), or control treatment (3 cycles of docetaxel followed by 3 cycles of cyclophosphamide, epirubicin, and fluorouracil [T-FEC]). Randomisation was centralised without stratification. The primary endpoint was 5-year disease-free survival (DFS). Findings: Between June 2012 and November 2013, 585 patients were randomized to treatment (capecitabine, n=297; control, n=288), of whom 561 were treated per protocol (n=288 and n=273, respectively). Median follow-up was 67 months. The 5-year DFS rate was longer with capecitabine than with control treatment (86·26% vs. 80·23%, hazard ratio 0·66, 95% confidence intervals 0·44-0·98; p=0·038). The 5-year overall survival rates were similar (93·27% vs. 90·55%, respectively). Overall, 38·89% patients had capecitabine dose reductions and 8·42% reported grade 3/4 hand-foot syndrome. The most common grade 3/4 hematologic toxicities were neutropenia (capecitabine 136 [45·79%] patients vs. control 119 [41·32%] patients) and febrile neutropenia (49 [16·5%] vs. 46 [15·97%] patients). Safety data were in line with the known capecitabine safety profile and generally comparable between arms. Interpretation: Capecitabine, when administered concomitantly with standard adjuvant taxane/anthracycline chemotherapy, significantly improved DFS rates in TNBC, with no new safety concerns. Table 1: Baseline patient demographics and clinical characteristics (PPS population; n=561)T-FEC (n=273)TX-XEC (n=288)pAge (years), mean ± SD48.30 ± 8.7649.07 ± 10.440·3501BSA (m2), mean ± SD1.60 ± 0.111.60 ± 0.110·4209Menstruation0·2946Premenopausal61·5757·09Postmenopausal38·4342·91Family History26·3726·830·9029Operation TypeBreast conserving21·8525·090·3683Mastectomy78·1574·91SLNB28·5226·130·5275Axillary dissection71·4873·87Node Stage0·5967N065·0665·97N123·7925·35N26·323·82N34·834·86T Stage0·2938T1a,b4·172·33T1c42·5041·25T250·4255·25T32·921·17Histology0·7190IDC89·6390·24ILC0·741·39Other9·638·36Grade0·2322I3·832·94II47·6640·76III48·5156·30Ki67 ≥30%+87·2185·770·6245LVI +14·8110·100·1363Surgery-to-chemo time (days), mean ± SD16·94 ± 7·7717·99 ± 9·240·1581Data are % except where specified.BSA=body surface area; IDC=invasive ductal carcinoma; ILC=invasive lobular carcinoma; LVI=lymphovascular invasion; PPS=per protocol set; SD=standard deviation;Table 2: Number of events (PPS population; n=561)T-FECTX-XEC(n=273)(n=288)Any event57 (20·88)41 (14·24)Second primary4 (1·47)5 (1·74)Contralateral breast5 (1·83)6 (2·08)Local recurrence18 (6·59)7 (2·43)Ipsilateral breast/Chest135Regional lymph nodes83Distant recurrence37 (13·55)29 (10·07)Liver37Lung1714Bone67Other2714Death26 (9·52)19 (6·60) Citation Format: Junjie Li, Keda Yu, Da Pang, Changqin Wang, Jun Jiang, Suisheng Yang, Yunjiang Liu, Peifen Fu, Yuan Sheng, Guojun Zhang, Yali Cao, Qi He, Shude Cui, Xijing Wang, Guosheng Ren, Xinzheng Li, Shiyou Yu, Pengxi Liu, Jinhai Tang, Ouchen Wang, Zhimin Fan, Guoqin Jiang, Jin Zhang, Zhimin Shao, Chinese Breast Cancer Study Group (CBCSG) 010. Adjuvant capecitabine in combination with docetaxel and cyclophosphamide plus epirubicin for triple-negative breast cancer (cbcsg010): An open-label, randomised, multicentre, phase 3 trial [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2019 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2019 Dec 10-14; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(4 Suppl):Abstract nr GS1-08.

Zhaokang Bao,1,* Jiale Cheng,1,* Jiahao Zhu,2,* Shengjun Ji,3 Ke Gu,2 Yutian Zhao,2 Shiyou Yu,1 You Meng1 1Department of Oncology Surgery, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, The affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: You Meng, Department of Oncology Surgery, The affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, 16 West Baita Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China, Email drmengyou@163.comObjective: We used bioinformatics analysis to identify potential biomarker genes and their relationship with breast cancer (BC).Materials and Methods: We used a weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) to create a co-expression network based on the top 25% genes in the GSE24124, GSE33926, and GSE86166 datasets obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus. We used the DAVID online platform to perform GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses and the Cytoscape CytoHubba plug-in to screen the potential genes. Then, we related the genes to prognostic values in BC using the Oncomine, GEPIA, and Kaplan–Meier Plotter databases. Findings were validated by immunohistochemical (IHC) staining in the Human Protein Atlas and the TCGA-BRCA cohort. LinkedOmics identified the interactive expressions of hub genes. We used UALCAN to evaluate the methylation levels of these hub genes. MethSurv and SurvivalMeth were used to assess the multilevel prognostic value. Finally, we assessed hub gene association with immune cell infiltration using TIMER.Results: The mRNA levels of MKI67, UBE2C, GTSE1, CCNA2, and MND1 were significantly upregulated in BC, whereas ESR1, THSD4, TFF1, AGR2, and FOXA1 were significantly downregulated. The DNA methylation signature analysis showed a better prognosis in the low-risk group. Further subgroup analyses revealed that MND1 might serve as an independent risk factor for unfavorable BC prognosis. Additionally, MND1 expression levels positively correlate with the immune infiltration statuses of CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, B cells, neutrophils, dendritic cells, and macrophages.Conclusion: Our results indicate that the ten hub genes may be involved in BC’s carcinogenesis, development, or metastasis, and MND1 may be a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for BC.Keywords: breast neoplasms, immunohistochemistry, polymerase chain reaction, biomarker

BackgroundHER2-positive breast cancer was aggressive, resulting in a poorer prognosis. This multicenter study analyzed the real-world data of women treated with pyrotinib-based therapy, aiming to describe their characteristics, treatment regimens, and to investigate the clinical outcomes.MethodsA total of 141 patients with HER2-positive breast cancer were enrolled from February 2019 to April 2020. Last follow-up time was February 2021. All patients were treated with pyrotinib-based therapy in 21-day cycles. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS).ResultsThe median PFS (mPFS) for pyrotinib-based therapy was 12.0 months (95%CI 8.1-17.8) in all patients. Among the patients with liver metastases, mPFS was 8.7 months (95%CI, 6.3-15.4) compared to 12.3 months (95%CI, 8.8-23.3) for patients without liver metastases (P=0.172). In addition, patients receiving pyrotinib-based therapy as their >2 lines treatment had a numerically lower mPFS than those receiving pyrotinib-based therapy as their ≤2 lines treatment [8.4 (95%CI, 5.9-15.4) vs. 15.1 (95%CI, 9.3-22.9) months, P=0.107]. The mPFS was 12.2 months (95%CI, 7.9-18.8) in patients with previous exposure to trastuzumab and 11.8 months (95%CI, 6.8-22.9) in patients without previous exposure to trastuzumab (P=0.732). Moreover, mPFS in patients receiving regimens with and without capecitabine were 15.1 months (95%CI, 10.0-18.8) and 8.4 months (95%CI, 6.7-22.9), respectively (P=0.070). Furthermore, in patients with brain metastases, estimated 6-month PFS rate was 70.0%, and rate at 12 months was 60.0%. Seventy patients with measurable lesions were evaluable for response. The objective response rate was 38.6% and disease control rate was 85.7%. The most common adverse event was diarrhea (85.0%).ConclusionPyrotinib-based therapy showed promising efficacy in patients with HER2-positive breast cancer and was well tolerated, especially in patients treated with pyrotinib as ≤2 lines treatment and receiving regimens with capecitabine. The results of this real-world study further confirmed the intriguing efficacy of pyrotinib.

Multi-terminal high voltage direct current (MTDC) has many features including multiple sending ends, multiple receiving ends, and high transmission capacity. These make it highly competitive in both technical and economic terms. In designing a MTDC system, the calculation of the main circuit steady-state parameter plays a fundamental role. However, existing researches mainly focus on parallel multi-terminal DC transmission systems (P-MTDC), few looks into series multi-terminal DC transmission systems (S-MTDC). Therefore, this study researches into the calculation of the main circuit steady-state parameters for S-MTDC transmission systems. First of all, the two types of MTDC transmission systems, S-MTDC and P-MTDC, are briefly introduced and compared. Then, the calculation of the steady-state parameter of the main circuit for two-terminal high voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission systems is explained. Based on this calculation method, research on the main circuit steady-state parameter for S-MTDC transmission systems is conducted and the design of calculation of steady-state parameter of the main circuit is presented in detail. Finally, this study designs a series four-terminal HVDC systems and verifies the calculation method of the steady-state parameter of the main circuit.

Adjuvant docetaxel-based chemotherapy is frequently used in the treatment of operable early breast cancer (EBC). This study investigated patterns of docetaxel use in patients with EBC in real-world clinical practice in China. This was a multicenter, prospective, observational study of Chinese women with operable breast cancer in tier 1 non-oncology-specific hospitals and other city hospitals in China. Adult Chinese female patients (≥ 18 years) with newly diagnosed breast cancer who underwent surgery and received docetaxel-containing adjuvant chemotherapy were eligible for inclusion. The primary end point of the study was to assess patterns of docetaxel use for adjuvant therapy in Chinese clinical practice. Secondary end points included factors associated with treatment selection, patterns of G-CSF use and safety. In total, 502 patients were enrolled, 475 of whom were included in the analysis. The results showed that 31.6% of patients received docetaxel and anthracyclines in combination, 47.2% received docetaxel and anthracyclines sequentially, 18.5% received docetaxel and other medication either in combination or sequentially and 2.7% received ‘other’ chemotherapy regimens. Factors influencing selection of docetaxel/anthracycline in combination versus sequentially included age, breast cancer subgroup, PR status, and preoperative neoadjuvant chemotherapy. A total of 258 (54.3%), 35 (7.4%), and 108 (22.7%) patients received G-CSF as primary prevention, secondary prevention and treatment, respectively. Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) occurred in 54.5% (259) of patients, and the most frequently reported TEAEs (≥ 5% of patients) included bone marrow failure (10.1%), granulocytopenia (9.9%), nausea (8.8%) and vomiting (6.9%). Neutropenia and febrile neutropenia were reported by 10 and 12 patients, respectively. Docetaxel for adjuvant chemotherapy of operable EBC in China was most commonly given in combination or sequentially with anthracyclines. The study also showed that in China G-CSF is most frequently used as primary prophylactic, and no unexpected safety events were observed during docetaxel treatment. Sanofi (China).

The suppression effect of DC filter systems on DC harmonics affects the communication line, DC systems insulation level and DC side resonance. Multi-terminal DC transmission systems are more complicated than two-terminal DC transmission systems in the design of DC filter systems. In this paper, the DC filter of all converter stations are combined to form a DC filter system, and the system is optimized. This paper analyzes the complexity of the design of DC filter systems of multi-terminal DC transmission systems. The performance design of DC filter is introduced. The influence of the operating state of the DC filter of each station on the harmonics of different DC lines is analyzed, and the distribution law and influencing factors of the harmonics of the DC line are obtained. By adjusting the configuration scheme of the DC filter and the capacitance value of the DC filter high voltage capacitor, etc., the principles for optimizing the DC filter systems is proposed. The simulation results of the 3-terminal systems are used to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.

In this paper, reduced graphene oxide (RGO) was prepared by a modified Hummers method and chemical reduction method, and an RGO/TiO2 NTs (RGO/TiO2 nanotubes) photoelectrode was prepared by the electrochemical deposition method. The as-prepared RGO/TiO2 NTs were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD), and their photocatalytic activities were investigated by measuring the degradation of methylene blue (MB) under simulated solar light irradiation. The SEM and XRD results indicated that the original tubular structure of TiO2-NTs was not changed after RGO modification. The surface of the TiO2 NTs photoelectrode was covered with a non-uniform, flake-shaped reduced graphene oxide film. The thickness of the RGO/TiO2 NTs was increased to about 22.60 nm. The impedance of the RGO/TiO2 NTs was smaller than that of the TiO2 NT photoelectrode. The optimal preparation conditions of RGO/TiO2 NT photoelectrodes were investigated by using a single factor method and response surface method. The best preparation conditions were as follows: deposition potential at 1.19 V, deposition time of 10.27 min, and deposition temperature at 24.94 °C.

e13012 Background: Pyrotinib is a newly-developed irreversible pan-ErbB receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor. The efficacy of pyrotinib in patients with different baseline characteristics in the actual clinical practice has been rarely reported. This study analyzed the efficacy and safety of pyrotinib in the real world. Methods: Patients with histologically confirmed advanced HER2 positive breast cancer were included in the analyses. All patients received pyrotinib-based therapy were given pyrotinib once a day in a 21-day cycle. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS). Secondary endpoints included adverse events (AE), objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), and overall survival (OS). Results: A total of 132 patients (median age: 52 years [29-78]) were enrolled from February 2019 to March 2020. 94(71.21%) patients had visceral metastatic lesions and 20 (15.15%) had brain metastases. HR+, HR-, or unknown HR status for primary tumor accounted for 56.82%, 42.42%, 0.76%, respectively. 115(87.12%) patients were previously administered with trastuzumab. 96(72.73%) patients received pyrotinib-based therapy as a second or further line of treatment. 94(71.21%) patients initiated pyrotinib treatment at 400 mg. Treatment regimens were pyrotinib plus capecitabine (55.30%), pyrotinib combined with trastuzumab (18.18%), and pyrotinib monotherapy (8.33%), pyrotinib combined with endocrine therapy, radiotherapy or antiangiogenic drugs (3.79%). A total of 132 patients were included in PFS analysis. mPFS was 12.0 months (95%CI 8.1-18.8). mPFS for patients without primary trastuzumab-resistant breast cancer was 14.1 months (95%CI 8.7-23.3). Patients receiving pyrotinib-based therapy as their ≥3 lines treatment had lower mPFS than those receiving pyrotinib-based therapy as their < 3 lines treatment (8.8 vs. 15.1 months, P= 0.119). mPFS in patients receiving regimen with and without capecitabine were 15.1 months and 8.4 months, respectively ( P= 0.081). As of data cutoff, mOS has not yet been reached. Among the 65 patients available for efficacy evaluation, 1 (1.54%) patient achieved complete response (CR), 24 (36.92%) patients had partial response (PR), 30 (46.15%) patients achieved stable disease (SD), and 10 (15.38%) patients had progression disease (PD), resulting in an ORR of 38.46% and DCR of 84.62%. The most common AE was diarrhea (84.17%), but only 5 (4.17%) patients were reported grade ≥ 3 diarrhea which could be well controlled. Other AEs with an incidence higher than 20.00% were anemia (36.67%), leukopenia (25.83%), vomiting (25.00%), neutropenia (22.50%). No treatment-related death occurred. Conclusions: Pyrotinib demonstrated an encouraging efficacy and manageable safety in patients with advanced HER2+ breast cancer. More data would be analyzed and reported in the future. Clinical trial information: ChiCTR1900021819.

Previous studies have revealed that upregulation of interleukin 15 receptor α (IL15RA) contributes to improved prognosis of breast cancer. The present study aimed to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying the antitumor effect induced by IL15RA upregulation, and to identify a gene signature capable of predicting the survival of patients with breast cancer. Using paired gene expression and methylation data of breast cancer samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas data portal, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in hypermethylated and hypomethylated IL15RA breast cancer samples. Furthermore, a gene signature-based risk-scoring model was developed according to the Cox regression coefficients of survival-associated DEGS. The gene signature was applied to classify patients with breast cancer and hypermethylated IL15RA into two risk groups via Kaplan-Meier survival analysis of overall survival (OS) time. Functional enrichment analysis was conducted to decipher the biological roles of the DEGs between the two risk groups. A total of 326 DEGs were present in the hypomethylation and hypermethylation samples compared with in the normal samples. A four-gene signature [SH3 and cysteine rich domain 2 (STAC2), proline rich 11 (PRR11), homeobox C11 (HOXC11) and nucleolar and spindle associated protein 1 (NUSAP1)] was identified as able to successfully separate patients with breast cancer and hypermethylated IL15RA into two risk groups with significantly different OS time. The signature revealed similar predictive performance in an independent set. Significant enrichment of the 'receptor interaction' and 'cell adhesion molecules (CAM)' pathways, which involved the DEGs, occurred between the two risk groups. These findings suggested that IL15RA may participate in the regulation of STAC2, PRR11, HOXC11, NUSAP1, and 'ECM-receptor interaction' and 'cell adhesion molecules' pathways, and therefore in the suppression of breast cancer development and progression. The four-gene signature may have potential prognostic value for breast cancer.

In this work, we propose a mussel-inspired method to fabricate copper pattern on polyimide substrate by an inkjet printing method. A new type of catalytic ink containing polydopamine (PDA) and silver ammonia solution was developed, which can induce the formation of electroless copper coating. As a result, we successfully prepared copper pattern which has good adhesion by inkjet-printing. Due to the unique property of PDA that is able to adhere to almost every kind of material, this method may be applied to diverse substrates in the future.

SnO2 hollow microspheres were synthesized by a facile template-free hydrothermal method combining with an annealing process, and sodium stannate trihydrate was used as precursor. The diameter of microspheres which were composed of nanoparticles with size of about 10 nm was in the range of 200–500 nm. As anode materials for lithium ion batteries, the initial reversible capacity of SnO2 hollow microspheres electrodes reached 997 mAh g− 1. The electrodes revealed a capacity of 406.5 mAh g− 1 up to 65 cycles exhibiting high lithium storage capacity and coulomb efficiency. The superior performance of the SnO2 hollow microspheres can be mainly attributed to hollow structure and small size of SnO2 nanoparticles, which reduce volume expansion and lithium diffusion length.

Substrate supported conductive thin films are prepared by the self-assembly of graphene oxide (GO) on a cationic polyacrylamide (CPAM) layer followed by a subsequent chemical reduction. During self-assembly, the dispersed GO nanosheets with a negative zeta potential from solution are spontaneously assembled onto the positively charged CPAM adsorption layer. In addition, CPAM adsorption on the substrate is studied with an electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance (EQCM), showing adsorption stabilization could be established in less than 150 s. The electrostatic interactions between GO and CPAM are investigated by changing the polarization potential with EQCM for the first time, and optimal conditions for facilitating self-assembly are determined. The self-assembled GO/CPAM films are further characterized by Raman spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy. Importantly, reduced GO (R-GO)/CPAM composite films exhibiting a sheet resistance of 3.1 kΩ/sq can be obtained via in situ reduction in sodium borohydride for 20 min at room temperature. This provides a simple, highly effective, and green route to prepare conductive graphene-based composite thin films.

1012Background: Standard adjuvant chemotherapy regimens for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) contain taxane and anthracycline. We aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of integrate capec...