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Alternaria alternata is a fungus that has been recorded to cause leaf spots on over 380 host species of plant. It is an opportunistic pathogen on numerous hosts causing leaf spots, rots, and blights on many plant parts. This study aimed to investigate the antifungal activity of the lipopeptides from strains (T3, T4, T5, and T6) of B. subtilis were studied. The genomic DNA was isolated from B. subtilis bacteria and confirmed the presence of iturin, surfactin, and fengycin genes by PCR amplification. Antifungal Lipopeptides were extracted, identified by HPLC, and quantified from B. subtilis strains with the values for T3 (24µg/ml), T4 (32µg/ml), T5 (28µg/ml) and T6 (18µg/ml). The extracted lipopeptides from T3, T4, T5, and T6 strains of B. subtilis at 10µg/ml of media were used against Alternaria alternata to check the antifungal activity. The rate of inhibition using lipopeptides against Alternaria alternata was recorded as T3 (75.14%), T4 (75.93%), T5 (80.40%), and T6 (85.88%). Among the four strains, the T6 strain (85.88%) showed the highest antifungal activity against the Alternaria alternata.

Congenital heart disease patient suffers from malnutrition irrespective of the types of cardiac defects. These children are often admitted in hospitals owing to congenital heart defects. Corrective catherization, proper nutritional intake and counselling can improve the malnutrition. To assess the vitamin status in children with congenital heart disease patients admitted in paediatric general ward of tertiary hospital. The study was a prospective observational study, a total of 100 patients were evaluated for their nutritional deficiency such as serum vitamin D3, folic acid and Vitamin B12 by employing ELISA KITS. The study observed a significant levels of vitamin D3 and folic acid depletion in congenital heart disease patients. There was no severe depletion of vitamin B12 in the current study. The study had made an insight into the malnutrition status of congenital heart disease patients and recommends consumption of micronutrients in congenital heart defect patients.

Today, bio-clinical endeavours are incoming the subcellular level, which is seen with the quick creating grounds of nanomedicine, nanodiagnostics and nano therapy related to the execution of nanoparticles for ailment counteraction, analysis, treatment and development. Nanoparticles or nanocontainers offer favourable circumstances counting high affectability, lower poisonousness and enhanced security—attributes that are exceptionally esteemed in the oncology field. Malignant growth cells create and multiply in complex microenvironments prompting heterogeneous infections, regularly with a deadly result for the patient. Even though counteracting agent-based treatment is generally utilized in the clinical consideration of patients with muscular tumours, its productivity certainly needs improvement. Restrictions of antibodies result for the most part from their colossal size and helpless entrance in healthy tissues. Nanobodies are a novel and unique class of antigen-restricting parts, gotten from naturally happening substantial chain-just antibodies present in the serum of camelids. Their boss properties, for example, small size, high soundness, solid antigen-restricting partiality, water solvency and common starting point make them reasonable for advancement into cutting edge bio drugs. Under 30 years after the disclosure of useful hefty chain-just antibodies, the nanobody subordinates are as of now broadly utilized by the biotechnology research network. Also, various nanobodies are under clinical examination for a wide range of human sicknesses including irritation, bosom malignancy, cerebrum tumours, lung maladies and irresistible ailments.

Gastric ulcers or the peptic ulcer is the primary disease that affects the gastrointestinal system. A large extent of the population in the world are suffering from the disease, and the age group of people those who suffer from ulcers are 20-55years. Herbs are known to the human beings that are useful in the treatment of diseases, and there are a lot of scientific investigations that prove the pharmacological activity of herbal drugs. Practitioners have been using the herbal material to treat the ulcers successfully, and the same had been reported scientifically. Numerous publications have been made that proves the antiulcer activity of the plants around the world. The tablets were investigated for the antiulcer activity in two doses 200 and 400mg/kg in albino Wistar rats in the artificial ulcer those are induced by the ethanol. The prepared tablets showed a better activity compared to the standard synthetic drug and the marketed ayurvedic formulation. The tablets showed a dose-dependent activity in ulcer prevention and treatment. Many synthetic drugs are available for the ulcer treatment, and the drugs pose the other problems in the body by showing the side effects and some other reactions. This limits the use of synthetic drugs to treat ulcers effectively. Herbs are known to the human beings that are useful in the treatment of diseases, and there are a lot of scientific investigations that prove the pharmacological activity of herbal drugs.

Presently days, a significant objective medication conveyance study is twisted to the improvement of robust medication conveyance frameworks with previously existing dynamic fixings in the event of new medication disclosure. A considerable lot of remedial drug operators are generally viable when made accessible at steady rates close to assimilation locales. Much exertion has been proceeding to create advanced medication conveyance frameworks, for example, osmotic gadgets for oral request. Oral medication conveyance framework is more preferred on famous measured medication conveyance framework in innovative drug work (R and D) business because of increment in attention to clinical and drug network about the significance of sheltered and viable utilization of medication. In the current examination work, pulsatile drug conveyance arrangement of Zileuton tablets was planned by utilizing pressure covering innovation. At first, the centre tablets were set up by 30% groupings of wonderful crumbles; the figured centre tablets were covered with the polymers by utilizing pressure covering innovation. All the centre and press covered tablet details were exposed to different corporeal and concoction assessment tests for centre and press covered tablets. The hardness, thickness and weight variety appeared by all the tablet definitions were originate inside the authorized pharmacopoeias bounds. In-vitro arrival of Zileuton of centre tablet details F1 demonstrated quicker medication discharge after 15 min. Quicker medication delivery can be connected with significant deterioration, and friability saw in this examination. The enteric covered plans C1, C3 indicated the most significant medication discharge following 4 hours. Time subordinate pulsatile drug conveyance framework has been accomplished from the tablet of definition C3, C6 and C9 with 95.5%, 94.76% and 97.48% separately.

To advance new proof about the counter ripeness action of seeds concentrate of papaya (Carica papaya L.) in test creatures, particularly mice. Male mice (n=20) were assembled into four. The principal bunch got just purified water containing 1% CMC as the controller. Gathering 2, 3 and 4 sequentially got papaya seed concentrate of 2, 4 and 8mg/40 g body weight. All conduct regulated verbally utilizing abdominal sonde once every day for 35 days. Revision boundaries surveyed cell checks, the distance across and epithelial chunkiness of seminiferous tubules of the testis. Even though the aftereffects of exploration on the antifertility action of papaya seed separate demonstrated an optimistic pattern, yet in-depth confirmation impacts plant arrangements on investigation animals is obligatory suggested World Health Organization. This examination is proposed to advance novel proof counter fruitfulness movement of papaya seed removes in guinea pigs, particularly mice. There is no substantial diverse in the number of spermatogonia among treatment gatherings: spermatocyte and spermatid cells fundamentally diminished by the excerpt, particularly at the most elevated portion. Moreover, the breadth and epithelial thickness of seminiferous tubules of testis are significantly decreased by the concentrate at the portion of 8 mg/40g body weight. Papaya seeds separate as possible to be utilized as against ripeness operator.

Fever is an important and notable sign and symptom of many diseases that are caused in the human body. They are the result of any inflammatory condition, infection or any other disease occur due to any external agents. There are a lot of drugs that are used to control pyrosis in the body. Fever is simply elevation of the body temperature. The chemical constituents isolated from the plants were effective in treating many diseases and were seemed to be potent against all the conditions. Even with the advent of the synthetic drugs, herbal leads have been the drugs of choice in many diseases like CHF, Cancers and more. The plant vitex was extracted using the ethanol water mixture and this extract was used to produce the poly herbal antipyretic syrup. This was investigated on the yeast induced pyrexia and it showed a better activity compared to the standard paracetamol drug and also a marketed formulation. This can be supported by the antioxidant and antibacterial properties of vitex and also supported by the Piper longum that contains piperine which as usually acts as a penetration enhancer in pharmaceutical applications.

Inflammation is the defence response of the body to any injury or any other external agent that causes damage to the human body. Over many years there had been a rising concern for the inflammation that is caused due to the physiological stress and strain in the body due to the oxidative free radicals and oxidative damage. Medicinal plants have been used as the best treatment alternatives for the diseases in various medical systems in India and around the world. The scientific proof and validation are not authentic to that desired level. In this regard, herbs have been investigated for their pharmacological properties based on the medicinal claims and folklore claims. They had been worked by numerous amounts of research where the claims had been proven correct and published with scientific evidence. The ointment was prepared using the extracts of the plant Salvia and the activity was attributed to the phytosterols, and by inhibiting the prostaglandin synthesis. The activity was comparable to the standard drug and the extracts and showed better activity. The activity exhibited by the ointment was very rapid and enhanced the healing of the paw edema, which was induced by carrageenan.

Hypercholesterolemia is one of the dreadful conditions that coexist in almost all the heart and endocrine-related dysfunctions. Simply elevated cholesterol levels in the blood is termed as hypercholesterolemia. Hyperlipidemia is also a synonym term and used to define elevated lipid levels. It affects almost all human beings in the world currently because of the changes in the food and living habits of the people. Most works proved those chemical constituents are antioxidants that demonstrate that the assertion that the oxidation is the main problem in causing the hyperlipidemia. So, in this research, antioxidant herbs like Psidium guava, Tephrosia and Moringa are used to prepare a gel that targets the fat deposits it the body and investigate for the antihyperlipidemic property. Herbal microspheres were prepared using the extracts of Tephrosia, Moringa and Psidium, which are incorporated into the sodium alginate and calcium carbonate. These microspheres were tested for their hyperlipidemic activity along with the extracts as such, and the results showed the microspheres showing better activity compared to the extracts compared to the standard drug atorvastatin.

The present experimental work is taken to study the strength properties of UHP-FRC. The locally available materials are used for making UHPC with steel fibers from manufacturer and low water binder ratio is adopted with hyper-plasticizer as admixture. The effect of presence of coarse aggregates on strength of UHPFRC is evaluated in comparison with UHPFRC without coarse aggregates. The present work also studies the effect of using mineral admixtures namely GGBS – Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag and Silica fumes replacing the cement by weight. The fine aggregate content of the mix is replaced with Manufactured Sand (M-Sand) and Quartz sand. The steel fibers are used in both the mixes that are mix with without coarse aggregates. The strength characteristics of the mixes are studied, adopting particle packing density approach. The characteristic of the materials determined using the standard procedure as per relevant codes of practice. The design mix is arrived by taking a reference mix from the literature, revalidating its properties and modifying the mix suitably. The workability of mixes is evaluated as per EFNARC 2005. The compressive strength, flexural strength and spilt tensile strength of UHFRC with and without coarse aggregates are assessed.

Skin is the body is the largest organ and is the protective covering of the body. It is responsible for the normal functions like protection of the organs, healthy maintenance of the body and shaping and stretching. The skin is exposed to various types of stress like allergy-causing agents, disease-causing microorganisms etc. Medicinal plants are valuable resources that are known to the man from many generations that promote beauty and health. They are called as cosmeceuticals. These have various chemical constituents that promote beauty by reducing the acnes and killing the bacteria that causes and grow in the acnes. Anti-acne gels were prepared using the ethanol extracts of the plant Tulsi and Need incorporating the tea tree oil as a standard antioxidant. These were prepared, and the pH of the formulations was almost neutral to the skin and are stable in a stress test too. The anti-bacterial property of the gels was investigated in two methods, disc diffusion and turbidity method. The results showed a better activity of the formulations compared with tulsi and the standard antibiotic drug.

In this communications, the concept of top semirelib graph of a planar graph is introduced. We present a characterization of graphs, whose top semirelib graphs are always seperable. Further characterize graph whose plan Tps(T ) is planar and outer planar. Lastly we proved that Tps(T ) is always noneulerian and non Hamiltonian.

All metabolic processes involve electron transfer mechanisms Eletrophotonic Imaging EPI captures the coronal discharge around the finger as a result of electron capture from the ten fingers The coronal discharge around each fingertip supposedly represents the energy state of the corresponding organs and organ systems The Periodic assessment of blood sugar is essential for the management of diabetes An EPI based measurement process could be an alternative nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp Electrophotonic Imaging EPI data is collected from subjects including males and females in the age group of to years from a diabetic center in Bangalore The EPI data was captured from all the ten fingers from the subjects who came for the regular blood test The EPI data corresponding to the meridians of the ring finger chakras organs and organ systems related to diabetes were analyzed using general linear model in IBM SPSS version A built in neural network classifier from IBM SPSS was used to classify diabetic subjects from non diabetic subjects The mean and standard deviation values for pancreas were and for the diabetic subjects and and for the non diabetic subjects Similarly for the hypothalamus the mean and standard deviation values were and for diabetes and and for non diabetic subjects The units for all the measurements are pixel units and represent empirical value for photonic energy The classification accuracy of the neural network classifier was in the range of to EPI parameters had a statistically significant difference from the non diabetic subjects EPI data could be refined more to make use of it as a bio metric for diabetes