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Abstract Background The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly increased the risk of burnout among frontline nurses. However, the prevalence of burnout and its associated factors in the post-pandemic era remain unclear. This research aims to investigate burnout prevalence among frontline nurses in the post-pandemic period and pinpoint associated determinants in China. Methods From April to July 2023, a cross-sectional study was carried out across multiple centers, focusing on frontline nurses who had been actively involved in the COVID-19 pandemic. The data collection was done via an online platform. The Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey was utilized to evaluate symptoms of burnout. A multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to pinpoint factors associated with burnout. Results Of the 2210 frontline nurses who participated, 75.38% scored over the cut-off for burnout. Multivariable logistic regression revealed that factors like being female [odds ratio (OR) = 0.41, 95%CI = 0.29–0.58] and exercising 1–2 times weekly[OR = 0.53, 95%CI = 0.42–0.67] were protective factors against burnout. Conversely, having 10 or more night shifts per month[OR = 1.99, 95%CI = 1.39–2.84], holding a master’s degree or higher[OR = 2.86, 95% CI = 1.59–5.15], poor health status[OR = 2.43, 95% CI = 1.93–3.08] and [OR = 2.82, 95%CI = 1.80–4.43], under virus infection[OR = 7.12, 95%CI = 2.10-24.17], and elevated work-related stress[OR = 1.53, 95% CI = 1.17-2.00] were all associated with an elevated risk of burnout. Conclusion Our findings indicate that post-pandemic burnout among frontline nurses is influenced by several factors, including gender, monthly night shift frequency, academic qualifications, weekly exercise frequency, health condition, and viral infection history. These insights can inform interventions aimed at safeguarding the mental well-being of frontline nurses in the post-pandemic period.

Lithium metal batteries (LMBs) with high energy density have been deemed as one of the promising alternatives to alleviate the “range anxiety” of current electric vehicles based on traditional lithium-ion batteries. However, LMBs using traditional liquid electrolytes (LEs) are always facing serious lithium dendrite growth and electrolyte leakage issues, which could usually cause serious safety concerns. Solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) with high mechanical stability could suppress the lithium dendrites to some extent, however, they are suffering from low ionic conductivity and inferior interfacial contact with electrodes. Gel polymer electrolytes (GPEs) combining the advantages of traditional LEs and SPEs could be a promising choice to alleviate above issues. In this review, we systematically summarized and clarified very recent progress of various advanced GPEs for LMBs, which is mainly focusing on the advancement of different polymer matrices used for GPE-based LMBs as well as the development of methodologies for the preparation of GPEs. In addition, we also provide a perspective aiming at inspiring new ideas and directions to design reliable GPEs for advancing the performance of LMBs and boosting their practical application.

Abstract Background Epilepsy, a central neurological disorder, has a complex genetic architecture. There is some evidence suggesting that genetic factors play a role in both the occurrence of epilepsy and its treatment. However, the genetic determinants of epilepsy are largely unknown. This study aimed to identify potential therapeutic targets for epilepsy. Methods Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were extracted from the expression profiles of GSE44031 and GSE1834. Gene co-expression analysis was used to confirm the regulatory relationship between newly discovered epilepsy candidate genes and known epilepsy genes. Expression quantitative trait loci analysis was conducted to determine if epilepsy risk single-nucleotide polymorphisms regulate DEGs’ expression in human brain tissue. Finally, protein–protein interaction analysis and drug–gene interaction analysis were performed to assess the role of DEGs in epilepsy treatment. Results The study found that the protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor-type O gene (PTPRO) and the growth arrest and DNA damage inducible alpha gene (GADD45A) were significantly upregulated in epileptic rats compared to controls in both datasets. Gene co-expression analysis revealed that PTPRO was co-expressed with RBP4, NDN, PAK3, FOXG1, IDS, and IDS, and GADD45A was co-expressed with LRRK2 in human brain tissue. Expression quantitative trait loci analysis suggested that epilepsy risk single-nucleotide polymorphisms could be responsible for the altered PTPRO and GADD45A expression in human brain tissue. Moreover, the protein encoded by GADD45A had a direct interaction with approved antiepileptic drug targets, and GADD45A interacts with genistein and cisplatin. Conclusions The results of this study highlight PTPRO and GADD45A as potential genes for the diagnosis and treatment of epilepsy.

Abstract High nickel (Ni ≥ 80%) lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) with high specific energy are one of the most important technical routes to resolve the growing endurance anxieties. However, because of their extremely aggressive chemistries, high‐Ni (Ni ≥ 80%) LIBs suffer from poor cycle life and safety performance, which hinder their large‐scale commercial applications. Among varied strategies, electrolyte engineering is very powerful to simultaneously enhance the cycle life and safety of high‐Ni (Ni ≥ 80%) LIBs. In this review, the pivotal challenges faced by high‐Ni oxide cathodes and conventional LiPF6‐carbonate‐based electrolytes are comprehensively summarized. Then, the functional additives design guidelines for LiPF6‐carbonate ‐based electrolytes and the design principles of high voltage resistance/high safety novel electrolytes are systematically elaborated to resolve these pivotal challenges. Moreover, the proposed thermal runaway mechanisms of high‐Ni (Ni ≥ 80%) LIBs are also reviewed to provide useful perspectives for the design of high‐safety electrolytes. Finally, the potential research directions of electrolyte engineering toward high‐performance high‐Ni (Ni ≥ 80%) LIBs are provided. This review will have an important impact on electrolyte innovation as well as the commercial evolution of high‐Ni (Ni ≥ 80%) LIBs, and also will be significant to breakthrough the energy density ceiling of LIBs.

Abstract Human immunodeficiency virus encephalitis (HIVE) is a severe neurological complication after HIV infection. Evidence shows that genetic factors play an important role in HIVE. The aim of the present study was to identify new potential therapeutic targets for HIVE. Differentially expressed gene (DEG), functional annotation and pathway, and protein–protein interaction analyses were performed to identify the hub genes associated with HIVE. Gene co-expression analysis was carried out to confirm the association between the hub genes and HIVE. Finally, the role of the hub genes in HIVE therapy was evaluated by conducting drug–gene interaction analysis. A total of 20 overlapping DEGs closely related to HIVE were identified. Functional annotation and pathway enrichment analysis indicated that the markedly enriched DEG terms included ion transport, type II interferon signaling, and synaptic signaling. Moreover, protein–protein interaction analysis revealed that 10 key HIVE-related genes were hub genes, including SCN8A, CDK5R2, GRM5, SCN2B, IFI44L, STAT1, SLC17A7, ISG15, FGF12, and FGF13. Furthermore, six hub genes were co-expressed with HIVE-associated host genes in human brain tissue. Finally, three hub genes (STAT1, ISG15, and SCN2B) interacted with several inflammation-associated drugs. These findings suggested that SCN8A, CDK5R2, GRM5, SCN2B, IFI44L, STAT1, SLC17A7, ISG15, FGF12, and FGF13 may be new targets for diagnosis and therapy of HIVE.

Background: Previous studies have shown that the rs717620 polymorphism in ABCC2, the gene encoding multidrug resistance protein 2, influences the therapeutic response to anti-seizure medications (ASMs). However, this result is not consistent, and the mechanism by which rs717620 influences ASM responses is unclear. Aims: The present study evaluated the association between rs717620 genotype and ASM efficacy, and examined the potential mechanisms. Main: methods: We conducted a literature search of five electronic databases, Embase, Medline, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Wanfang, to identify relevant studies on response to ASM therapy among rs717620 genotypes. Expression quantitative trait loci analysis and drug–gene interaction analysis were also performed to assess the underlying mechanisms. Key findings: The pooled results for 18 studies revealed a significant association between rs717620 genotype and ASM resistance under the recessive model (TT vs. CT + CC: OR = 1.68, 95 % CI = 1.27–2.21, I2 = 3.1 %). A significant association was also found in the Asian population under the recessive model (TT vs. CT + CC: OR = 1.70, 95 % CI = 1.26–2.29, I2 = 29.3 %). Further analysis revealed that rs717620 regulates the expression of ABCC2 in human brain, while drug–gene interaction analysis suggested that ABCC2 interacts with oxcarbazepine and carbamazepine. Significance: The rs717620 polymorphism influences ASM therapeutic responses by altering brain expression levels of ABCC2.

IntroductionNurses are more likely to experience anxiety following the coronavirus 2019 epidemic. Anxiety could compromise nurses’ work efficiency and diminish their professional commitment. This study aims to investigate nurses’ anxiety prevalence and related factors following the pandemic in multiple hospitals across China.MethodsAn online survey was conducted from April 16 to July 3, 2023, targeting frontline nurses who had actively participated in China. Anxiety and depression symptoms were assessed using the Self-rating Anxiety Scale and the Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS), respectively. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was employed to identify factors linked with anxiety.ResultsA total of 2,210 frontline nurses participated in the study. Overall, 65.07% of participants displayed clinically significant anxiety symptoms. Multivariable logistic regression revealed that nurses living with their families [2.52(95% CI: 1.68–3.77)] and those with higher SDS scores [1.26(95% CI: 1.24–1.29)] faced an elevated risk of anxiety. Conversely, female nurses [0.02(95% CI: 0.00–0.90)] and those who had recovered from infection [0.05(95%CI: 0.07–0.18)] demonstrated lower rates of anxiety.DiscussionThis study highlights the association between SDS score, gender, virus infection, living arrangements and anxiety. Frontline nurses need to be provided with emotional support to prevent anxiety. These insights can guide interventions to protect the mental well-being of frontline nurses in the post-pandemic period.

Stiffened plates are widely used in engineering due to their excellent manufacturing and mechanical properties. This paper introduces a novel method for designing stiffener plates that combines the H-DGTP formulation, robust topology optimization formulation, and maximum length-scale control. In comparison to existing methods, the proposed approach not only provides a clear layout of stiffeners but also optimizes their height. Sensitivity analysis of all design variables is derived for utilization with gradient-based optimizers. The study demonstrates that the implementation of the robust filter approach enables precise control of both structural features and gap widths, effectively avoiding sharp angles. Moreover, as the maximum length approaches the minimum length, the stiffeners assume uniform thickness, which better meets engineering requirements. Numerical examples are presented to validate the effectiveness of the proposed method.

Abstract Zinc‐ion hybrid supercapacitors (ZHSCs) may be the most promising energy storage device alternatives for portable and large‐scale electronic devices in the future, as they combine the benefits of both supercapacitors and zinc‐ion batteries. Even though many surprise outcomes have been accomplished with ZHSCs, the creation of suitable cathode materials and electrolytes, as well as the enhancement of zinc anodes, continue to be the most difficult obstacles in the development of high‐performance ZHSCs. The low capacitance of the cathode material, poor stability, and low utilization rate of the zinc anode seriously affect the electrochemical performance and application of ZHSCs. Furthermore, parasitic processes in aqueous electrolytes, such as the hydrogen and oxygen evolution reactions might result in low‐voltage windows and unsatisfied cycling performance of the ZHSCs. This review provides a concise summary of the most recent developments and energy storage mechanisms in ZHSCs. Meanwhile, the cathode material design strategy (structural engineering, hybrid‐composite design, heteroatom doping, and so on), the zinc anode design strategy (zinc foil improvement, zinc‐free metal composites, and so on), and the structure–activity relationship of the electrochemical performance of ZHSCs are discussed. Additionally, a summary of the impact of modifications in electrolyte composition on the electrochemical performance of ZHSCs is provided. Finally, this review also discusses the future development direction of ZHSCs. It is anticipated that this evaluation will serve as a helpful reference for the creation of high‐performance ZHSCs, which will hasten the development of these devices.

A synchronous flotation test of copper and silver in a silver-bearing copper oxide ore with high carbonate gangue from Yunnan was studied. The results show that copper and silver concentrate copper grade of 22.03% and recovery of 71.69% was achieved through the closed circuit flotation test. And the grade and recovery of silver in copper concentrate were relatively 1095 g/t and 81.90%. The synchronous flotation technology using in the silver-bearing copper oxide ore is effectual .

Abstract The sluggish ion‐transport in electrodes and low utilization of active materials are critical limitations of organic cathodes, which lead to the slow reaction dynamics and low specific capacity. In this study, the hierarchical tube is constructed by iron‐hexaazatrinaphthalene tricarboxylic acid coordination polymer (Fe‐HATNTA), using HATNTA as the self‐engaged template to coordinate with Fe2+ ions. This Fe‐HATNTA tube with hierarchical porous structure ensures the sufficient contact between electrolyte and active materials, shortens the diffusion distance, and provides more favorable transport pathways for ions. When employed as the cathode for rechargeable Li‐ion batteries, Fe‐HATNTA delivers a high specific capacity (244 mAh g−1 at 50 mA g−1, 91% of theoretical capacity), excellent rate capability (128 mAh g−1 at 9 A g−1), and a long‐term cycle life (73.9% retention over 3000 cycles at 5 A g−1). Moreover, the Li+ ions storage and conduction mechanisms are further disclosed by the ex situ and in situ characterizations, kinetic analyses, and theoretical calculations. This work is expected to boost further enthusiasm for developing the hierarchical structured metal‐organic coordination polymers with superb ionic storage and transport as high‐performance organic cathodes.

BackgroundGenetic factors have been found to be associated with the efficacy and adverse reactions of antiseizure medications. BCL11A is an important regulator of the development of neuronal networks. However, the role of BCL11A in epilepsy remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the genetic association of BCL11A with the susceptibility to develop epileptic seizures and therapeutic response of patients with epilepsy in Han Chinese.MethodsWe matched 450 epilepsy cases with 550 healthy controls and 131 drug-resistant epilepsy patients with 319 drug-responsive epilepsy patients from two different centers. Genetic association analysis, genetic interaction analysis, expression quantitative trait loci analysis and protein–protein interaction analysis were conducted.ResultsOur results showed that rs2556375 not only increases susceptibility to develop epileptic seizures (OR = 2.700, 95% = 1.366–5.338, p = 0.004 and OR = 2.984, 95% = 1.401–6.356, p = 0.005, respectively), but also increases the risk of drug resistance(OR = 21.336, 95%CI =2.489–183.402, p = 0.005). The interaction between rs2556375 and rs12477097 results in increased risk for pharma coresistant. In addition, rs2556375 regulated BCL11A expression in human brain tissues (p = 0.0096 and p = 0.033, respectively). Furthermore, the protein encoded by BCL11A interacted with targets of approved antiepileptic drugs.ConclusionBCL11A may be a potential therapeutic target for epilepsy. Rs2556375 may increase the risks of epilepsy and drug resistance by regulating BCL11A expression in human brain tissues. Moreover, the interaction between rs2556375 and rs12477097 results in increased risk for drug resistance.

Abstract Epilepsy is a common disorder with complex inheritance, and its treatment is very unsatisfactory. An association between the GABRG2 C588T polymorphism and genetic generalized epilepsy has been studied by several genetic association studies. However, these results were inconsistent, and the role of GABRG2 in epilepsy treatment remains unknown. To evaluate the role of GABRG2 in epilepsy, we performed meta‐analysis, expression quantitative trait loci analysis, protein–protein interaction analysis, and drug–gene interaction analysis. The combined results indicated that the GABRG2 C588T polymorphism was associated with genetic generalized epilepsy risk under dominant and allelic models (odds ratio [OR] = 1.25, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.02–1.54, p = 0.03, I2 = 0% and OR = 1.21, 95% CI = 1.03–1.42, p = 0.02, I2 = 20%, respectively). In the Asian population, we also found similar results under dominant and allelic models (OR = 1.93, 95% CI = 1.18–3.16, p = 0.009, I2 = 0% and OR = 1.69, 95% CI = 1.20–2.37, p = 0.003, I2 = 11%, respectively). We first found that the GABRG2 C588T polymorphism regulates GABRG2 expression in human brain tissues and that the protein encoded by GABRG2 interacts with targets of approved antiepileptic drugs (AEDs). Interestingly, we also found that GABRG2 itself interacts with approved AEDs. Taken together, the results indicate that the C588T polymorphism might alter the GABAA receptor by modulating GABRG2 gene expression, resulting in increased risk for epilepsy, and that GABRG2 may be a potential therapeutic target for epilepsy.

Constructed wetlands (CWs) have been proven as a reliable alternative to traditional wastewater treatment technologies. Microorganisms in CWs, as an important component, play a key role in processes such as pollutant degradation and nutrient transformation. Therefore, an in-depth analysis of the community structure and diversity of microorganisms, especially for functional microorganisms, in CWs is important to understand its performance patterns and explore optimized strategies. With advances in molecular biotechnology, it is now possible to analyze and study microbial communities and species composition in complex environments. This review performed bibliometric analysis of microbial studies in CWs to evaluate research trends and identify the most studied pollutants. On this basis, the main functional microorganisms of CWs involved in the removal of these pollutants are summarized, and the effects of these pollutants on microbial diversity are investigated. The result showed that the main phylum involved in functional microorganisms in CWs include Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria and Firmicutes. These functional microorganisms can remove pollutants from CWs by catalyzing chemical reactions, biodegradation, biosorption, and supporting plant growth, etc. Regarding microbial alpha diversity, heavy metals and high concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus significantly reduce microbial richness and diversity, whereas antibiotics can cause large fluctuations in alpha diversity. Overall, this review can provide new ideas and directions for the research of microorganisms in CWs.

Cloud covering is an important factor affecting solar radiation and causes fluctuations in solar energy production. Therefore, real-time recognition and the prediction of cloud covering and the adjustment of the angle of photovoltaic panels to improve power generation are important research areas in the field of photovoltaic power generation. In this study, several methods, namely, the principle of depth camera measurement distance, semantic segmentation algorithm, and long- and short-term memory (LSTM) network were combined for cloud observation. The semantic segmentation algorithm was applied to identify and extract the cloud contour lines, determine the feature points, and calculate the cloud heights and geographic locations of the cloud shadows. The LSTM algorithm was used to predict the trajectory and speed of the cloud movement, achieve accurate and real-time detection, and track the clouds and the sun. Based on the results of these methods, the shadow area of the cloud on the ground was calculated. The recursive neural LSTM network was also used to predict the track and moving speed of the clouds according to the cloud centroid data of the cloud images at different times. The findings of this study can provide insights to establish a low-cost intelligent monitoring predicting system for cloud covering and power generation.

As one of the power auxiliary services, peak shaving is the key problem to be solved in the power grid. With the rapid development of DGs, the traditional peak shaving scheduling method for centralized adjustable energy is no longer applicable. Thus, this paper proposes two-layer optimization methods of allocating the peak shaving task for DGs. Layer 1 mainly proposes four evaluation indexes and the peak shaving priority sequence can be obtained with modified TOPSIS, then the DG cluster’s task is allocated to the corresponding DGs. On the basis of dynamic evaluation and the self-renewal mechanism, layer 2 proposes a peak shaving optimization model with dynamic constraints which assigns peak shaving instructions to each cluster. Finally, the effectiveness of the method is verified by using the real DGs data of a regional power grid in China based on the MATLAB simulation platform. The results demonstrate that the proposed methods can simply the calculation complexity by ranking the DGs in the peak shaving task and update the reliable aggregate adjustable power of each cluster in time to allocate more reasonably.

Background: Epilepsy is a debilitating brain disease with complex inheritance and frequent treatment resistance. However, the role of STX1B single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in epilepsy treatment remains unknown.Objective: This study aimed to explore the genetic association of STX1B SNPs with treatment response in patients with epilepsy in a Han Chinese population.Methods: We first examined the associations between STX1B SNPs and epilepsy in 1000 Han Chinese and the associations between STX1B SNPs and drug-resistant epilepsy in 450 subjects. Expression quantitative trait loci analysis was then conducted using 16 drug-resistant epileptic brain tissue samples and results from the BrainCloud database (http://eqtl.brainseq.org).Results: The allelic frequencies of rs140820592 were different between the epilepsy and control groups (p = 0.002) after Bonferroni correction. The rs140820592 was associated with significantly lower epilepsy risk among 1,000 subjects in the dominant model after adjusting for gender and age and Bonferroni correction (OR = 0.542, 95%CI = 0.358–0.819, p = 0.004). The rs140820592 also conferred significantly lower risk of drug-resistant epilepsy among 450 subjects using the same dominant model after adjusting for gender and age and Bonferroni correction (OR = 0.260, 95%CI = 0.103–0.653, p = 0.004). Expression quantitative trait loci analysis revealed that rs140820592 was associated with STX1B expression level in drug-resistant epileptic brain tissues (p = 0.012), and this result was further verified in the BrainCloud database (http://eqtl.brainseq.org) (p = 2.3214 × 10–5).Conclusion: The STX1B rs140820592 may influence the risks of epilepsy and drug-resistant epilepsy by regulating STX1B expression in brain tissues.

In situ polymerization technology is expected to empower the next generation high specific energy lithium batteries with high safety and excellent cycling performance. Nevertheless, the large-scale commercial applications of most reported in situ polymer electrolytes are still full of challenges. Owing to the severe parasitic reactions caused by residual monomers, additional initiators and oligomers, lithium batteries using in situ polymer electrolytes often demonstrate limited specific capacity, poor cycling performance, and insufficient rate capability. However, this issue has not received adequate attention in previous reports. Furthermore, the design and evaluation of in situ polymer electrolytes still lack effective guidance and unified standards. Herein, the development history of in situ polymer electrolytes are systematically reviewed and critically disclose the great challenges. Then, from the aspects of monomers, initiators, separators, manufacturing technologies, safety and cycle life evaluation, unprecedentedly a new paradigm is provided for upgrading the in situ polymerization technology inside lithium batteries. It is hoped the novel paradigm will prompt much more insightful studies, expediting the commercialization of in situ polymerization technology in lithium batteries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An active crowbar protective circuit is an effective and common approach for low voltage ride through (LVRT) of a doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG). The crowbar resistance value and its switching scheme both have crucial effects on safety recovery. The effects encountered are correlative dependence and interplay so that analyzing them from a single factor, as most existing LVRT control methods would do, obtains a partial optimal solution. This paper combines these two factors to analyze their coordination effects on the LVRT control, and to also investigate whether the global optimal performance of these factors can be achieved. The principles for resistance selection and the schemes for crowbar switching are discussed first. Next, the coupling relationship is analyzed based on statistical sampling simulation data with different resistance values and various switching schemes. The results demonstrate that their coordination has critical influence on rotor peak current, DC-link voltage and reactive power. The optimal coordination will be different according to specific requirements. Hence the global optimal combination could be achieved when all requirements are taken into consideration.

Objective An association between the rs10496964 polymorphism and the ZEB2 gene has not yet been reported, and the role of ZEB2 in epilepsy therapy is also unclear. The aims of this research were to evaluate the role of ZEB2 in the therapy of epilepsy and to explore the association between rs10496964 and ZEB2 expression. Methods We used the expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) dataset resource from the Brain eQTL Almanac to evaluate the association between rs10496964 and ZEB2 expression in human brain tissue. Pathway and process enrichment analysis, protein–protein interaction analysis, and PhosphoSitePlus® analysis were then performed to further evaluate the role of ZEB2 in the therapy of epilepsy. Results The rs10496964 polymorphism was found to regulate the expression of ZEB2 in human brain tissue. The ZEB2 protein interacts with the targets of approved antiepileptic drugs, and a post-translational acetylation modification of ZEB2 was associated with an epilepsy drug therapy. Conclusion Our findings suggest that ZEB2 may be involved in the therapy of epilepsy, and rs10496964 regulates ZEB2 expression in human brain tissue.

Bifacial photovoltaic modules combined with horizontal single-axis tracker are widely used to achieve the lowest levelized cost of energy (LCOE). In this study, to further increase the power production of photovoltaic systems, the bifacial companion method is proposed for light supplementation and the efficiency enhancement of tilted bifacial modules with a horizontal single-axis tracker. Specifically, a solar reflector is added to the rear end of the tilted bifacial photovoltaic module to guide the sunlight and promote power generation on the rear end. The technical feasibility of the proposed method is verified through optimal calculation and prototype experimental test. The theoretical calculation results suggest that the bifacial companion system is particularly suitable for mid-to-high latitude areas. The higher the latitude, the higher the gain ratio of generated power in the system; there is an optimal module tilt angle that maximizes the efficiency at different latitudes. The closer the module tilt angle to the optimal tilt angle, the higher the power generation efficiency of the system. Meanwhile, compared to the fixed solar reflector, the use of tracking solar reflector is more conducive to improving the power generation efficiency of the system. For the 37.5° latitude area, the annual average power generation gain ratio of the bifacial companion system with tracking solar reflector and fixed solar reflector can reach up to 30% and 17%, respectively. Additionally, the test results for the three sets of bifacial companion prototypes (module tilt angles of 10°, 20°, and 30°) with a fixed solar reflector show that the maximum gain ratio of daily power generation in August 2021 are 8.2%, 13%, and 18.1%, and that in September 2021 are 7%, 8.7% and 13.7%, respectively, which are consistent with the theoretical results.

Satellites have many high-, medium-, and low-frequency micro vibration sources that lead to the optical axis jitter of the optical load and subsequently degrade the remote sensing image quality. To address this problem, this paper developed an image motion detection and restoration method based on an inertial reference laser, and describe edits principle and key components. To verify the feasibility and performance of this method, this paper also built an image motion measurement and restoration system based on an inertial reference laser, which comprised a camera (including the inertial reference laser unit and a Hartmann wavefront sensor), an integrating sphere, a simulated image target, a parallel light pope, a vibration isolation platform, a vibration generator, and a 6 degrees of freedom platform. The image restoration principle was also described. The background noise in the experiment environment was measured, and an image motion measurement accuracy experiment was performed. Verification experiments of image restoration were also conducted under various working conditions. The experiment results showed that the error of image motion detection based on the inertial reference laser was less than 0.12 pixels (root mean square). By using image motion data to improve image quality, the modulation transfer function (MTF) of the restored image was increased to 1.61–1.88 times that of the original image MTF. The image motion data could be used as feedback to the fast steering mirror to compensate for the satellite jitter in real time and to directly obtain high-quality images.

TPG(tiny portable graphic) is a new image compression technology based on the video part of AVS2 standard,whose compression efficiency is notably higher than traditional image formats like JPG,PNG and GIF.Theory and feature of TPG image compression technology were introduced.Then,the compression efficiency of TPG and traditional image formats was compared.Results show that TPG has overwhelming advantage.