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Upper eyelid aging results from comprehensive changes, and studies have failed to comprehensively address these changes. This study proposes a comprehensive approach to the surgical treatment of aging upper eyelids. Data of 116 patients with aging upper eyelids were analyzed. Each eye was scored on upper eyelid laxity, degree of blepharoptosis, and upper eyelid socket depression at preoperation and 6 months after surgery. Based on average scores of both eyes, three degrees of aging were considered: mild, moderate, and severe. All patients underwent comprehensive surgical treatments. Depending on its condition, loose skin was appropriately removed, and the levator palpebrae superioris (LPS) was corrected in patients with degenerative ptosis. Meanwhile orbital septum fat was released or periumbilical fat mass was used as a filler to correct upper eyelid socket depression. All cases were summarized based on a classification and grading system. Scores were reassessed, and satisfaction survey was conducted after 6 months follow-up. The preoperative and postoperative scores of the three groups were significantly different (p

This study aimed to evaluate techniques for repairing previously failed double-eyelid surgeries based on different anatomical structure injuries. A total of 120 patients with failed double-eyelids in our hospital were enrolled and classified into four types according to their anatomical structure damage: type I, unsmooth radians of the double-eyelid line; type II, upper socket depression; type III, iatrogenic ptosis; and type IV, comprehensive damage. Accordingly, methods of restoration included orbital septum fat supplement, repair of levator palpebrae superioris, and treatment of scar. Postoperative follow-up time points were 1 week, 1 month, and 6 months. Outcome observations were binocular symmetry, fluency of double-eyelid, scar recovery, height and contour profile of the upper eyelid margin, and plumpness of the upper eyelid. The eyelid morphological score was evaluated using photographs of preoperative and 6-month postoperative data, and the effect of eyelid repair was evaluated objectively by statistical analysis. At 1 month after surgery, the height of the upper palpebral margin was maintained in most patients and located at 1–2 mm below the superior limbus. At 6 months after surgery, most patients had better restorative effects. Comparison of mean eyelid morphological scores showed a statistically significant improvement following surgery (P

Group events triggered by the construction of large projects always have a bad effect and in urgent need to reveal its evolvement mechanism and find ways to handle them. To analyze the evolvement mechanism of these events systematically, in this paper: first, the core factors influencing the large projects group events are analyzed and identified. Then integrating previous studies and practical situations, a complete factor system is built on three levels. Second, a nonlinear simulation model is constructed to quantify the core factors. The mood function is applied to describe the conflict degree of group events. Then the simulation process is carried out to reveal the intrinsic evolution among group events. Finally, two sets of scenario experiments are designed to simulate the evolution of group events in large projects. The results both conform to the practical situation, which proves the effectiveness of the model.

Tibial component of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is designed according to morphology of proximal tibia to a large extent. Owing to racial difference, current design of tibial component based on Caucasian may not be suitable for Chinese patients. Meanwhile, data of proximal tibial morphology in Chinese population is lacking. The objective of this research was to investigate proximal tibial morphology of northeast Chinese population. Computer tomography (CT) image of 164 northeast Chinese participants was collected. After three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction, size of tibia plateau and TKA resected surface were gauged to guide the design of TKA tibia prothesis in northeast Chinese population. Measurement of tibial size mainly includes tibial mediolateral length (tML), tibial medial/lateral anteroposterior length (tMAP and tLAP). Afterwards, tML/tAP ratio of tibia plateau and TKA resected surface were calculated as feature point of tibia prothesis. tMAP/tLAP ratio of TKA resected surface was calculated to represent tibial asymmetry degree. Medial and lateral posterior tibial slope (MPTS and LPTS) were also measured to give reference to posterior angle of tibia prothesis and angle of tibia osteotomy in TKA. Independent sample t test was performed to conduct statistical analysis, P