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1,122 results on '"Shinoda, T."'

1. Influences of Financial Strains Over the Life Course Before Initiating Hemodialysis on Health Outcomes Among Older Japanese Patients: A Retrospective Study in Japan

Author

Sugisawa H, Shimizu Y, Kumagai T, Shishido K, and Shinoda T

Subjects
socioeconomic status over the life course, latent models, social mobility models, accumulation models, pathway models, Diseases of the genitourinary system. Urology, RC870-923
Abstract

Hidehiro Sugisawa,1 Yumiko Shimizu,2 Tamaki Kumagai,3 Kanji Shishido,4 Toshio Shinoda5 1International Graduate School for Advanced Studies, J. F. Oberlin University, Machida-city, Tokyo, Japan; 2The Jikei University School of Nursing, Chofu-city, Tokyo, Japan; 3Graduate School of Health Sciences at Odawara, International University of Health and Welfare, Odawara-city, Kanagawa, Japan; 4Kawasaki Clinic, Kawasaki-city, Kanagawa, Japan; 5Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Tsukuba International University, Tsuchiura-city, Ibaraki, JapanCorrespondence: Hidehiro Sugisawa, International Graduate School for Advanced Studies, J. F. Oberlin University, 3758, Machida-city, Tokyo, 194-0294, Japan, Tel/Fax +81(0)02-797-9847, Email sugisawa@obirin.ac.jpPurpose: This study analyzed the influence of financial strains over the life course before initiating hemodialysis on the health outcomes of older Japanese patients. This study was limited to financial strains over the life course before initiating hemodialysis to eliminate the influence of financial strains resulting from resignation from paid jobs. We examined which of the four life course models—pathway, latent, social mobility, and accumulation—were appropriate to describe the influences of financial strains over the life course on older patients’ health.Patients and Methods: Data were obtained from a cross-sectional survey of 6,644 outpatients in dialysis facilities across Japan. We selected participants aged 60 years and older at the time of the survey. Numbers of dialysis complications, activities of daily living (ADL) disability, and depressive symptoms were selected as health outcomes. Benchmark periods over the life course were constructed in three parts: less than 18 years (childhood), 18– 35 years (young adults), and 35– 50 years (middle-aged). We retrospectively measured financial strains over the life course.Results: Pathway models best described the influence of financial strains over the life course on the three types of health outcomes. Experiences of financial strains as young adults had a direct influence on ADL disability of older patients. This result supports latent models. Social mobility models (upward and downward mobility) and accumulation models explained the number of dialysis complications, ADL disability, and depressive symptoms in older patients.Conclusion: These results suggest that socioeconomic disadvantages over the life course before initiating hemodialysis were significantly associated with health outcomes in older patients.Keywords: socioeconomic status over the life course, latent models, social mobility models, accumulation models, pathway models

Published
2022

2. A Road Map to IndOOS-2 : Better Observations of the Rapidly Warming Indian Ocean

Author

Beal, L. M., Vialard, J., Roxy, M. K., Li, J., Andres, M., Annamalai, H., Feng, M., Han, W., Hood, R., Lee, T., Lengaigne, M., Lumpkin, R., Masumoto, Y., McPhaden, M. J., Ravichandran, M., Shinoda, T., Sloyan, B. M., Strutton, P. G., Subramanian, A. C., Tozuka, T., Ummenhofer, C. C., Unnikrishnan, A. S., Wiggert, J., Yu, L., Cheng, L., Desbruyères, D. G., and Parvathi, V.

Published
2020

4. Unmet service needs evaluated by case managers among disabled patients on hemodialysis in Japan

Author

Sugisawa H, Shinoda T, Shimizu Y, Kumagai T, Sugisaki H, and Ohira S

Subjects
Disabled hemodialysis patients, Long-term care, Home and community based services, Japan, Diseases of the genitourinary system. Urology, RC870-923
Abstract

Hidehiro Sugisawa,1 Toshio Shinoda,2 Yumiko Shimizu,3 Tamaki Kumagai,4 Hiroaki Sugisaki,5 Seiji Ohira6,† 1Department of Gerontology, Graduate School of Gerontology, J. F. Oberlin University, Tokyo, 2Department of Medical Care Technology, Faculty of Medical and Health Science, Tsukuba International University, Tsuchiura, 3Department of Community Health Nursing, The Jikei University School of Nursing, Chofu, 4Department of Fundamental Nursing, Graduate School of Nursing, Osaka City University, Osaka, 5Hachioji Azumacho Clinic, Hachioji, Tokyo, 6Sapporo Kita Clinic, Sapporo, Hokkai-do, Japan †Professor Dr. Seiji Ohira passed away on September 5, 2017 Background: This study aimed to investigate the levels of unmet needs for home and ­community-based services (HCBS) evaluated by case managers (CMs) among disabled patients on hemodialysis (DPHD) and to examine factors related to unmet needs. Unmet needs for HCBS were defined as situations in which patients do not use or underuse HCBS despite needing them. Candidates for the factors relating to unmet needs for HCBS included three dimensions: predisposing, enabling, and need factors.Methods: Self-administrated questionnaires were collected from 391 CMs of DPHD certified with long-term care insurance. These were introduced by the dialysis facilities that a member of the Japanese Association of Dialysis Physicians belonged to. CMs were asked questions about their management of each individual case. HCBS included home help, visiting nursing, daycare, and short stay.Results: The prevalence of unmet needs for each HCBS ranged from 32% for home help to 48% for short stay. Barriers to service usage in the patients were associated with unmet needs for all four services. The patients with more severe cognitive malfunction were more likely to have unmet needs for visiting nursing and short stay. Heavier burden with caregiving was associated with more likelihood of unmet needs for home help and short stay.Conclusion: CMs need to monitor unmet needs after coordinating HCBS for DPHD and need to encourage HBCS use among patients with impaired cognitive function and caregivers with heavier caregiving burdens. Keywords: disabled hemodialysis patients, long-term care, home and community-based services, Andersen’s behavioral model, barriers to service usage, Japan

Published
2018

6. Citizen Science Observation of a Gamma‐Ray Glow Associated With the Initiation of a Lightning Flash

Author

Tsurumi, M., primary, Enoto, T., additional, Ikkatai, Y., additional, Wu, T., additional, Wang, D., additional, Shinoda, T., additional, Nakazawa, K., additional, Tsuji, N., additional, Diniz, G. S., additional, Kataoka, J., additional, Koshikawa, N., additional, Iwashita, R., additional, Kamogawa, M., additional, Takagaki, T., additional, Miyake, S., additional, Tomioka, D., additional, Morimoto, T., additional, Nakamura, Y., additional, and Tsuchiya, H., additional

Published
2023
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8. Effects of socioeconomic status on physical and mental health of hemodialysis patients in Japan: differences by age, period, and cohort

Author

Sugisawa H, Shimizu Y, Kumagai T, Sugisaki H, Ohira S, and Shinoda T

Subjects
complications, depressive symptoms, hemodialysis, socioeconomic status, raking adjustment, Diseases of the genitourinary system. Urology, RC870-923
Abstract

Hidehiro Sugisawa,1 Yumiko Shimizu,2 Tamaki Kumagai,3 Hiroaki Sugisaki,4 Seiji Ohira,5 Toshio Shinoda6 1Graduate School of Gerontology, J.F. Oberlin University, Machida, 2Faculty of Nursing, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Chofu, 3School of Nursing, Osaka City University, Osaka, 4Hachioji Azumacho Clinic, Hachioji, 5Sapporo Kita Clinic, Sapporo, 6Kawakita General Hospital, Suginami, Japan Study purpose: Whether or not socioeconomic status (SES)-related differences in the health of hemodialysis patients differ by age, period, and birth cohort remains unclear. We examined whether SES-related gaps in physical and mental health change with age, period, and birth cohort for hemodialysis patients. Methods: Data were obtained from repeated cross-sectional surveys conducted in 1996, 2001, 2006, and 2011, with members of a national patients’ association as participants. We used raking adjustment to create a database which had similar characteristics to the total sample of dialysis patients in Japan. SES was assessed using family size-adjusted income levels. We divided patients into three groups based on their income levels: below the first quartile, over the second quartile and under the third quartile, and over the fourth quartile. We used the number of dialysis complications as a physical health indicator and depressive symptoms as a mental health indicator. We used a cross-classified random-effects model that estimated fixed effects of age categories and period as level-1 factors, and random effects of birth cohort as level-2 factors. Results: Relative risk of dialysis complications in respondents below the first quartile compared with ones over the fourth quartile was reduced in age categories >60 years. Mean differences in depressive symptoms between respondents below the first quartile and ones over the fourth quartile peaked in the 50- to 59-year-old age group, and were reduced in age groups >60 years. In addition, mean differences varied across periods, widening from 1996 to 2006. There were no significant birth cohort effects on income differences for dialysis complications or ­depressive symptoms. Conclusion: The number of dialysis complications and depressive symptoms in dialysis patients were affected by income differences, and the degree of these differences changed with age category and period. Keywords: complications, depressive symptoms, cross classified random effects model, income status, raking adjustment

Published
2016

9. Elucidation of the speciation history of three sister species of crown-of-thorns starfish (Acanthaster spp.) based on genomic analysis

Author

Yuasa, H, Kajitani, R, Nakamura, Y, Takahashi, K, Okuno, M, Kobayashi, F, Shinoda, T, Toyoda, A, Suzuki, Y, Thongtham, N, Forsman, Z, Bronstein, O, Seveso, D, Montalbetti, E, Taquet, C, Eyal, G, Yasuda, N, Itoh, T, Yuasa H., Kajitani R., Nakamura Y., Takahashi K., Okuno M., Kobayashi F., Shinoda T., Toyoda A., Suzuki Y., Thongtham N., Forsman Z., Bronstein O., Seveso D., Montalbetti E., Taquet C., Eyal G., Yasuda N., Itoh T., Yuasa, H, Kajitani, R, Nakamura, Y, Takahashi, K, Okuno, M, Kobayashi, F, Shinoda, T, Toyoda, A, Suzuki, Y, Thongtham, N, Forsman, Z, Bronstein, O, Seveso, D, Montalbetti, E, Taquet, C, Eyal, G, Yasuda, N, Itoh, T, Yuasa H., Kajitani R., Nakamura Y., Takahashi K., Okuno M., Kobayashi F., Shinoda T., Toyoda A., Suzuki Y., Thongtham N., Forsman Z., Bronstein O., Seveso D., Montalbetti E., Taquet C., Eyal G., Yasuda N., and Itoh T.

Abstract

The crown-of-thorns starfish (COTS) is a coral predator that is widely distributed in Indo-Pacific Oceans. A previous phylogenetic study using partial mitochondrial sequences suggested that COTS had diverged into four distinct species, but a nuclear genome-based analysis to confirm this was not conducted. To address this, COTS species nuclear genome sequences were analysed here, sequencing Northern Indian Ocean (NIO) and Red Sea (RS) species genomes for the first time, followed by a comparative analysis with the Pacific Ocean (PO) species. Phylogenetic analysis and ADMIXTURE analysis revealed clear divergences between the three COTS species. Furthermore, within the PO species, the phylogenetic position of the Hawaiian sample was further away from the other Pacific-derived samples than expected based on the mitochondrial data, suggesting that it may be a PO subspecies. The pairwise sequentially Markovian coalescent model showed that the trajectories of the population size diverged by region during the Mid-Pleistocene transition when the sea-level was dramatically decreased, strongly suggesting that the three COTS species experienced allopatric speciation. Analysis of the orthologues indicated that there were remarkable genes with species-specific positive selection in the genomes of the PO and RS species, which suggested that there may be local adaptations in the COTS species.

Published
2021

13. Analyzing the effect of cell rearrangement on Delta-Notch pattern formation

Author

Oguma, T, Takigawa-Imamura, H, Shinoda, T, Ogura, S, Uemura, A, Miyata, T, Maini, P, and Miura, T

Subjects
FOS: Biological sciences, Cell Behavior (q-bio.CB), FOS: Physical sciences, Quantitative Biology - Cell Behavior, Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS), Nonlinear Sciences - Pattern Formation and Solitons
Abstract

The Delta-Notch system plays a vital role in a number of areas in biology and typically forms a salt and pepper pattern in which cells strongly expressing Delta and cells strongly expressing Notch are alternately aligned via lateral inhibition. Although the spatial arrangement of the cells is important to the Delta-Notch pattern, the effect of cell rearrangement is not often considered. In this study, we provide a framework to analytically evaluate the effect of cell mixing and proliferation on Delta-Notch pattern formation in one spatial dimension. We model cell rearrangement events by a Poisson process and analyze the model while preserving the discrete properties of the spatial structure. We find that the homogeneous expression pattern is stabilized if the frequency of cell rearrangement events is sufficiently large. We analytically obtain the critical frequencies of the cell rearrangement events where the decrease of the pattern amplitude as a result of cell rearrangement is balanced by the increase in amplitude due to the Delta-Notch interaction dynamics. Our theoretical results are qualitatively consistent with experimental results, supporting the notion that the heterogeneity of expression patterns is inversely correlated with cell rearrangement \textit{in vivo}. Our framework, while applied here to the specific case of the Delta-Notch system, is applicable more widely to other pattern formation mechanisms., 35 pages, 5 figures and Supplementally material (12 pages, 6 figures)

Published
2021

45. A sustained ocean observing system in the Indian Ocean for climate related scientific knowledge and societal needs

Author

Hermes, J. C., Masumoto, Y., Beal, L. M., Roxy, M. K., Vialard, Jérôme, Andres, M., Annamalai, H., Behera, S., D'Adamo, N., Doi, T., Peng, M., Han, W., Hardman-Mountford, N., Hendon, H., Hood, R., Kido, S., Lee, C., Lees, T., Lengaigne, Matthieu, Li, J., Lumpkin, R., Navaneeth, K. N., Milligan, B., McPhaden, M. J., Ravichandran, M., Shinoda, T., Singh, A., Sloyan, B., Strutton, P. G., Subramanian, A. C., Thurston, S., Tozuka, T., Ummenhofer, C. C., Unnikrishnan, A. S., Venkatesan, R., Wang, D., Wiggert, J., Yu, L., and Yu, W.

Subjects
end-user connections and application, data, regional observing system, interdisciplinary, IndOOS, integration, sustained observing system, Indian Ocean
Abstract

The Indian Ocean is warming faster than any of the global oceans and its climate is uniquely driven by the presence of a landmass at low latitudes, which causes monsoonal winds and reversing currents. The food, water, and energy security in the Indian Ocean rim countries and islands are intrinsically tied to its climate, with marine environmental goods and services, as well as trade within the basin, underpinning their economies. Hence, there are a range of societal needs for Indian Ocean observation arising from the influence of regional phenomena and climate change on, for instance, marine ecosystems, monsoon rains, and sea-level. The Indian Ocean Observing System (IndOOS), is a sustained observing system that monitors basin-scale ocean-atmosphere conditions, while providing flexibility in terms of emerging technologies and scientific and societal needs, and a framework for more regional and coastal monitoring. This paper reviews the societal and scientific motivations, current status, and future directions of IndOOS, while also discussing the need for enhanced coastal, shelf, and regional observations. The challenges of sustainability and implementation are also addressed, including capacity building, best practices, and integration of resources. The utility of IndOOS ultimately depends on the identification of, and engagement with, end-users and decision-makers and on the practical accessibility and transparency of data for a range of products and for decision-making processes. Therefore we highlight current progress, issues and challenges related to end user engagement with IndOOS, as well as the needs of the data assimilation and modeling communities. Knowledge of the status of the Indian Ocean climate and ecosystems and predictability of its future, depends on a wide range of socio-economic and environmental data, a significant part of which is provided by IndOOS.

Published
2019

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