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7. Machine learning-based delta check method for detecting misidentification errors in tumor marker tests.

Author

Seok, Hyeon Seok, Choi, Yuna, Yu, Shinae, Shin, Kyung-Hwa, Kim, Sollip, and Shin, Hangsik

Subjects
TUMOR markers, ARTIFICIAL neural networks, PROSTATE-specific antigen, CARCINOEMBRYONIC antigen, SAMPLING errors, RANDOM forest algorithms
Abstract

Misidentification errors in tumor marker tests can lead to serious diagnostic and treatment errors. This study aims to develop a method for detecting these errors using a machine learning (ML)-based delta check approach, overcoming limitations of conventional methods. We analyzed five tumor marker test results: alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), cancer antigen 19-9 (CA19-9), cancer antigen 125 (CA125), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), and prostate-specific antigen (PSA). A total of 246,261 records were used in the analysis. Of these, 179,929 records were used for model training and 66,332 records for performance evaluation. We developed a misidentification error detection model based on the random forest (RF) and deep neural network (DNN) methods. We performed an in silico simulation with 1 % random sample shuffling. The performance of the developed models was evaluated and compared to conventional delta check methods such as delta percent change (DPC), absolute DPC (absDPC), and reference change values (RCV). The DNN model outperformed the RF, DPC, absDPC, and RCV methods in detecting sample misidentification errors. It achieved balanced accuracies of 0.828, 0.842, 0.792, 0.818, and 0.833 for AFP, CA19-9, CA125, CEA, and PSA, respectively. Although the RF method performed better than DPC and absDPC, it showed similar or lower performance compared to RCV. Our research results demonstrate that an ML-based delta check method can more effectively detect sample misidentification errors compared to conventional delta check methods. In particular, the DNN model demonstrated superior and stable detection performance compared to the RF, DPC, absDPC, and RCV methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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8. Current Status of Flow Cytometric Immunophenotyping of Hematolymphoid Neoplasms in Korea

Author

Park, Mikyoung, primary, Lim, Jihyang, additional, Ahn, Ari, additional, Oh, Eun-Jee, additional, Song, Jaewoo, additional, Kim, Kyeong-Hee, additional, Han, Jin-Yeong, additional, Choi, Hyun-Woo, additional, Park, Joo-Heon, additional, Shin, Kyung-Hwa, additional, Kim, Hyerim, additional, Kim, Miyoung, additional, Hwang, Sang-Hyun, additional, Kim, Hyun-Young, additional, Cho, Duck, additional, and Kang, Eun-Suk, additional

Published
2023
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16. Initial Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha and Endothelial Activation Are Associated with Hemorrhagic Complications during Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation

Author

Jang, Jin Ho, primary, Shin, Kyung-Hwa, additional, Lee, Hye Rin, additional, Son, Eunjeong, additional, Lee, Seung Eun, additional, Seol, Hee Yun, additional, Yoon, Seong Hoon, additional, Kim, Taehwa, additional, Cho, Woo Hyun, additional, Jeon, Doosoo, additional, Kim, Yun Seong, additional, and Yeo, Hye Ju, additional

Published
2023
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21. Practical delta check limits for tumour markers in different clinical settings.

Author

Yu, Shinae, Shin, Kyung-Hwa, Shin, Sunghwan, Lee, Hyeyoung, Yoo, Soo Jin, Jun, Kyung Ran, Shin, Hangsik, and Kim, Sollip

Subjects
*TUMOR markers, *BIOMARKERS, *PROSTATE-specific antigen, *CARCINOEMBRYONIC antigen, *UNIVERSITY hospitals
Abstract

Few studies have reported on delta checks for tumour markers, even though these markers are often evaluated serially. Therefore, this study aimed to establish a practical delta check limit in different clinical settings for five tumour markers: alpha-fetoprotein, cancer antigen 19-9, cancer antigen 125, carcinoembryonic antigen, and prostate-specific antigen. Pairs of patients' results (current and previous) for five tumour markers between 2020 and 2021 were retrospectively collected from three university hospitals. The data were classified into three subgroups, namely: health check-up recipient (subgroup H), outpatient (subgroup O), and inpatient (subgroup I) clinics. The check limits of delta percent change (DPC), absolute DPC (absDPC), and reference change value (RCV) for each test were determined using the development set (the first 18 months, n=179,929) and then validated and simulated by applying the validation set (the last 6 months, n=66,332). The check limits of DPC and absDPC for most tests varied significantly among the subgroups. Likewise, the proportions of samples requiring further evaluation, calculated by excluding samples with both current and previous results within the reference intervals, were 0.2–2.9% (lower limit of DPC), 0.2–2.7% (upper limit of DPC), 0.3–5.6% (absDPC), and 0.8–35.3% (RCV99.9%). Furthermore, high negative predictive values >0.99 were observed in all subgroups in the in silico simulation. Using real-world data, we found that DPC was the most appropriate delta-check method for tumour markers. Moreover, Delta-check limits for tumour markers should be applied based on clinical settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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42. Red Blood Cell Transfusion Volumes According to AIMS65 Scores in Patients with Peptic Ulcer Bleeding.

Author

Lee, Moon Won, Lee, Hyun-Ji, Shin, Kyung-Hwa, Kim, Gwang Ha, and Kim, Hyung-Hoi

Subjects
NONPARAMETRIC statistics, FLUID therapy, BLOOD transfusion, GASTROINTESTINAL hemorrhage, ENDOSCOPIC surgery, ENDOSCOPIC hemostasis, RETROSPECTIVE studies, MANN Whitney U Test, FISHER exact test, DIETARY supplements, PRE-tests & post-tests, T-test (Statistics), DESCRIPTIVE statistics, RESEARCH funding, ERYTHROCYTES, PEPTIC ulcer, PREDICTION models, DATA analysis software, ENDOSCOPY
Abstract

Objective Fluid supplementation and red blood cell (RBC) transfusions form first-line management strategies to maintain circulating blood volumes in patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB). In this study, we aimed to analyze the utility of the AIMS65 score in predicting the volume of RBC transfusion required in patients with bleeding peptic ulcers. Methods In this single-center, retrospective study, the data of patients admitted between January 2019 and December 2019 with suspected UGIB were retrospectively reviewed. The RBC volume transfused during pre- and postendoscopic hemostasis was measured in relation to various patient factors including the AIMS65 scores. Results Transfusion rates, the mean number of transfused RBC units, and the duration of hospital stay differed significantly between patients with low AIMS65 scores and those with high AIMS65 scores. Patients with an AIMS65 score of 3 were transfused with more RBC units in the postendoscopic hemostasis period, compared with those with an AIMS65 score of 0, 1, or 2 (with a mean of 4.33 ± 2.07 and 2.67 ± 4.1 units transfused during the pre-endoscopic and postendoscopic hemostasis periods, respectively). Conclusion Patients with UGIB and with an AIMS65 score of 3 were more likely to require transfusions of RBCs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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43. Current Advances in Red Blood Cell Generation Using Stem Cells from Diverse Sources

Author

Seo, Yoojin, Shin, Kyung-Hwa, Kim, Hyung Hoi, and Kim, Hyung-Sik

Subjects
Article Subject
Abstract

Blood transfusions hold an indispensable part in the modern healthcare system. Up to date, the blood supply is largely dependent on donations. Unfortunately, collecting the clinical-grade blood products has become a challenging mission due to accelerated population aging, which not only increases the need for blood transfusions but also decreases the number of healthy donors. Moreover, individuals with severe hematological abnormalities or rare blood phenotypes need alternative therapeutic approaches instead of conventional blood transfusion. In these aspects, the concept of in vitro/ex vivo production of blood cells has been emerging and many attempts have been focused on manufacturing mature erythrocytes, so-called red blood cells (RBCs), the most common and important component among the blood derivatives. In this review, we provide a general overview regarding the current strategies for generating RBCs from various stem cell sources including pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) as well as circulating blood stem cells and the remaining challenges that must be overcome prior to their practical application.

Published
2019
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