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Background Gallbladder cancer is the most common malignant tumor of the biliary system, most of which is adenocarcinoma. Our study explored developing and validating a nomogram to predict overall and cancer-specific survival probabilities internally and externally for incidental gallbladder adenocarcinoma patients without distant metastasis after surgery. Methods Patients screened and filtered in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database, whose years of diagnosis between 2010 and 2015 were collected as a derivation cohort, while those between 2016 and 2019 were a temporal validation cohort. Overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) were chosen as our retrospective cohort study's primary and secondary endpoints. Potential clinical variables were selected for a cox regression model analysis by performing both-direction stepwise selection to confirm the final variables. The performance of final nomograms was evaluated by Harrell's C statistic and Brier score, with a graphical receptor operating characteristic (ROC) curve and calibration curve. Results 6 variables of age, race, tumor size, histologic grade, T stage, and positive regional lymph nodes were finally determined for the OS nomogram; sex had also been added to the CSS nomogram equally. Novel dynamic nomograms were established to predict the prognosis of incidental gallbladder adenocarcinoma patients without distant metastasis after surgery. The ROC curve demonstrated good accuracy in predicting 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS and CSS in both derivation and validation cohorts. Correspondingly, the calibration curve presented perfect reliability between the death or cancer-specific death probability and observed death or cancer-specific death proportion in both derivation and validation cohorts. Conclusions Our study established novel dynamic nomograms based on 6 and 7 clinical variables separately to predict OS and CSS of incidental gallbladder adenocarcinoma patients without distant metastasis after surgery, which might assist doctors in advising and guiding therapeutic strategies for intraoperative or postoperative gallbladder adenocarcinoma patients in the future.

The compatibility of current collectors with reactive Li is key to inducing stable Li cycling and prolonged cycle life of lean Li-metal batteries. Herein, a thin and uniform layer of Ni-P complex was built on the surface of a Cu current collector (NiP@Cu) via an efficient, controllable, and cost-effective electroless plating method. The thickness, morphology, composition, and roughness of the Ni-P deposition were successfully regulated. Lithiophilicity of the current collector was greatly improved by Ni-P deposition, which effectively reduced the Li nucleation overpotential and suppressed the Li dendrite growth. In addition, NiP@Cu promoted an inorganic LiF/Li

Hybrid energy storage devices (HESDs) combining the energy storage behavior of both supercapacitors and secondary batteries, present multifold advantages including high energy density, high power density and long cycle stability, can possibly become the ultimate source of power for multi-function electronic equipment and electric/hybrid vehicles in the future. In this review, the recent progress made in the field of HESDs, with the main focus on the electrode materials and the matching principles between the positive and negative electrodes are critically reviewed. In particular, the classification and new progress of HESDs based on the charge storage mechanism of electrode materials are re-combed. The newly identified extrinsic pseudocapacitive behavior in battery type materials, and its growing importance in the application of HESDs are specifically clarified. Prospects and the challenges for HESDs in the development of suitable electrode material and a comprehensive understanding on the matching principle are also discussed.

Practical applications of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) with both high energy and power density are urgently demanded, which require suitable charge/discharge platform, fast charge-transfer kinetics, as well as optimal solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer of electrode materials. In this work, a high-performance lithium-ion battery (LIB) full cell was assembled by using commercial LiNi0.33Co0.33Mn0.33O2 (NCM111) as the positive electrode and mixed Li4Ti5O12 (LTO)/hard carbon (HC) as the negative electrode. It reveals that the component ratio between LTO and HC plays a critical role in manipulating the electric conductivity and the electro-reaction platform. The electrochemical test results show that when the content of HC is 10 wt%, the as-constructed full cell demonstrates the best electrochemical, with a maximum energy density of 149.2 Wh·kg−1 and a maximum power density of 2195 W·kg−1 at 10 A·g−1 (30C). This outperforms all the assembled systems within our work range and the state-of-the-art literatures. The NCM//Li4Ti5O12 + 10 wt% HC battery system also exhibits a good capacity retention after 1000 cycles at the current density of 1 A·g−1. This work provides a new approach to enhance the full-cell performance by mixing electrode materials with different charge potentials and reaction kinetics.

Nanostructure engineering of the active materials including decreasing the material feature size, or designing appropriate heterostructures, offers immense promise in improving the charge storage kinetics, and enhancing the practical performance in this work, we report a new synthesis of SnO2@SnS2 heterostructured quantum dots (HQDs) uniformly anchored on N-doped graphene (SnO2@SnS2@NG), promoted by the electrostatic interaction between NG and Sn4+. The faster electron transport kinetics than SnO2 and SnS2 can be achieved at heterointerfaces of SnO2@SnS2 through DFT calculation analysis. And, the SnO2@SnS2 HQDs (3–5 nm) can shorten Li/Na ion diffusion pathway greatly, while the NG substrate can provide excellent electrical conductivity and good structural stability. As a result, the ion diffusion coefficient of this HQDs structure is 60 folds higher than that of bare SnO2@SnS2 nanoparticle. High reversible charge storage capacities are achieved for both LIBs (1081 mA h g−1 at 0.05 A g−1, 343 mA h g−1 at 5 A g−1) and SIBs (450 mA h g−1 at 0.05 A g−1, 75 mA h g−1 at 5 A g−1).

Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), which are an important component of the tumor microenvironment, have been identified in the blood circulation of patients with cancer metastasis, and metastatic cancer cells can recruit circulating CAFs. However, primary carcinoma sites usually regulate the behavior of metastatic cancer cells through exosomes. Here, we hypothesized that cancer-derived exosomes could enhance CAF recruitment. Exosomes secreted by pancreatic cancer cells (PANC-1 and MIA PaCa-2) were isolated and characterized. The ability of pancreatic cancer to recruit pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) was assessed with Transwell assays in vitro and bioluminescent imaging in a mouse model in vivo, and the underlying molecular mechanism was also investigated. The results showed that pancreatic cancer cell-derived exosomes (Exo-Pan and Exo-Mia) promoted the pancreatic cancer recruitment of PSCs. This effect was mediated partially by the transfer of the exosomal protein Lin28B to the recipient cells to activate the Lin28B/let-7/HMGA2/PDGFB signaling pathway. These results suggested that exosomes derived from local cancer could promote the formation of distant metastases through transferring the exosomal protein Lin28B to the metastatic cancer cells.

M-Nx-C (M stands for Fe, Co, Ni) represent a typical type of highly efficient oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) nonprecious-metal catalyst, of which the catalytic activity can be further boosted by introducing other metal or nonmetal species. However the rational design and construction of such system remains conceptually challenging and requires in-depth research both experimentally and theoretically. In this work, highly active sulfur (S)-modified Zn,Co-Nx-C-Sy bimetallic sites confined in dentric carbon are developed through a facile simultaneous coordination pyrolysis method. Such an architecture offers two fold advantages in ORR catalysis: 1) The enhanced binding between O2 and Zn-Co bimetallic site can facilitate the O-O activation and reduce the cleavage barrier of O-O bond in the step of *OOH + e-→*O + OH-; 2) the S doping can engineer the charges around Zn,Co active center, and strengthen the interaction with oxygenated species by decreasing the free energy changes of *O2 + e- + H2O→*OOH + OH- step. As a result, the as prepared Zn,Co-Nx-C-Sy exhibits outstanding electrocatalytic performance with a half wave potential 67 mv more positive than commercial Pt/C (0.893 V vs. 0.826 V), as well as excellent stability ( ~ 4.4% current loss after 20,000 s test). The material also shows promising potential as cathode catalyst in flexible Zn-air batteries.

Background: The dismal prognosis of gastric signet ring cell carcinoma (GSRC) is a global problem. The current study is conducted to comprehensively evaluate clinicopathological features and survival outcomes in GSRC patients stratified by anatomic subsites. Then predictive nomograms are constructed and validated to improve the effectiveness of personalized management.Method: The patients diagnosed with GSRC were recruited from the online SEER database. The influence of anatomic subsites on overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) was evaluated using multivariate Cox regression and Kaplan-Meier analysis. Then we employed propensity score matching (PSM) technique to decrease selection bias and balance patients’ epidemiological factors. Predictive nomograms were constructed and validated.Results: Multivariate Cox regression demonstrated that the patients with overlapping gastric cancer (OGC) suffered the highest mortality risk for OS (HR, 1.29; 95%CI, 1.23-1.36; P

BackgroundBile excretion is one of an important metabolite excretion pathway of human body. In recent years, it has been reported that metabolic diseases are associated with the occurrence of GSD (Gallstone Disease). The main purpose of this systematic review is to examine the relationship between metabolic syndrome and cholelithiasis, including components of the metabolic syndrome such as abnormal blood glucose regulation, hyperlipidemia, and obesity.MethodsPubmed, Cochrane library and embase were searched for all English language articles for the following relevant keywords: Metabolic Syndrome, Reaven Syndrome X, Biliary Calculi, Cholelithiasis Gallstones. Case-control study, cross-sectional study and cohort study were included .Pooled relative risks (RRs) or odds ratios (ORs) and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. The pooled mean differences of the outcome measures were compared between patients with and without MetS.ResultsAfter screening, a total of 5 cross-sectional studies and 1 cohort studies were included in the meta-analysis. The 6 studies evaluated a total of 49101 people，of whom 9055 had MS and 2308 had GSD. There is a significant correlation between MS and GSD (z=6.65, p = 0.000), and it’s more significant in female. All studies displayed increasing odds of GSD with increasing number of MetS traits, where patients with three or more MetS traits tended to have a higher prevalence of nephrolithiasis.ConclusionsOur review shows a definite association of MetS with GSD, and the more the components of MetS, the higher the prevalence of GSD. Although not as obvious as women, men also support this conclusion.

Nickel-rich layered oxide cathode materials have high specific capacity and are environmentally-benign, hence they are considered as the most relevant next-generation positive-electrode materials for lithium-ion batteries, particularly for powering plug-in hybrid electric vehicles and battery electric vehicles. The rich nickel content in layered oxides is highly beneficial in improving the energy density, but the cycle ability, rate capability and thermal stability inevitably decrease with the increase of nickel percentage, leading to the gradual failure of lithium-ion batteries. Therefore, it is an essential requisite to give a thorough review of previous research, thereby providing a clear understanding of the relationships between the material structure and their electrochemical activities, and improving the electrochemical performances of nickel-rich layered oxide cathode materials through reasonable modifications. In this article, the structural characteristics and synthetic methods are systematically reviewed. Particularly, the capacity failure mechanism and the corresponding improvement strategies of nickel-rich layered oxides are emphasized and discussed from atomic scale to macro-scale along with the latest literature review. A brief analysis of the perspectives is also presented with several possible research directions for technical and commercial success of nickel-rich layered oxide cathodes.

To optimize the potential window and maximize the utilization of the capacity of both negative and positive electrodes, rational design of electrode materials are critically important in full-cell construction of rechargeable batteries. In this work, we propose and fabricate a carbon-confined V2O3/Ni2P/C composite structure for excellent performance lithium ion batteries by taking advantage of the high capacity of V2O3 and low potential of Ni2P. The full cell constructed with V2O3/Ni2P/C as anode and commercial LiMn2O4 as cathode offers a record high energy density of 361.5 Wh kg–1 and excellent cycle stability, outperforming the state-of-the-art work reported in literature.

An ultrathin MnO2 sheet assembled three-dimensional flower microsphere grown on nitrogen-doped graphene is synthesized through a hydrothermal treatment method. When tested as an anode in a lithium-ion battery, the obtained material exhibits a high discharge capacity of 993 mAh g–1 in the second cycle at 0.1 A g–1, which goes up to 2243 mAh g–1 gradually after 135 charge/discharge cycles. This phenomenon turns out to be related to the deep coupling between nitrogen-doped graphene and MnO2 caused by morphology evolution of the composite upon cycling. Also, kinetics analysis reveals the elevated capacitive contribution after cyclic reaction, indicating the ever enhanced phase interface charge storage mechanism associated with the morphology evolution. Otherwise, the first-principles calculations also indicate the electronic structure of MnO2 can be efficiently modulated by coupling with a conductive graphene substrate, through a covalent C–Mn or N–Mn bond; thus, the deep coupling between nitrogen-doped graph...

The high volume expansion and serious agglomeration during sodiation/lithiation of transition metal phosphides (TMPs) raise up challenging kinetic issues and rapid capacity fading upon cycling. The good dispersion and confined movement of individual TMP particles are critical in mitigating the agglomeration, which however have been rarely concerned. In this work, we report a novel covalent heterostructure with monodisperse Ni2P immobilized on N, P-co-doped carbon nanosheets (Ni2P@NPC), which exhibits a remarkable reversible discharge capacity and outstanding long-term durability for both sodium storage (361 mA h g-1@100 mA g-1 after 300 cycles, and 181 mA h g−1@500 mA g-1 after 1200 cycles) and lithium storage (1555 mA h g-1@100 mA g-1 after 130 cycles, and 603 mA h g-1@1000 mA g-1 after 800 cycles). Most importantly, using the in-situ TEM visualized technique, we demonstrate that the immobility and monodisperse nature of Ni2P are responsible for the agglomeration-free charge storage process upon cycling. The density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal the strong covalent coupling between Ni2P and NPC, which realizes the electronic structure engineering of both TMP and carbon buffer, and uncovers the origin of long-term stability and outstanding capacity.

High efficiency platinum-based catalyst demands the ultrafine size and well dispersion of Pt nanoparticles (NPs), with clean surface and strong interactions between the supports. In this work, we demonstrate a simple strategy for the preparation of ultra-dispersed surface-clean Pt catalyst with high stability, in which the Pt nanoparticles (NPs) with 1.8 ± 0.6 nm in size are anchored tightly on a 3D hierarchical porous graphitized carbon (3D-HPG) through galvanic replacement reaction. The as-obtained catalyst can undergo 2000 voltage cycles with negligible activity decay and no apparent structure and size changes for MOR during the durability test, and its mass activity for ORR only reduce 18.3% after 5000 cycles. The excellent performance is attributed to strong anchoring effect between carbon support and Pt nanoparticles.

Nanocarbon materials recognized as effective and inexpensive catalysts for independent electrochemical reactions, are anticipated to possess a broader spectrum of multifunctionality toward oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), oxygen evolution reaction (OER), and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). A rational design of trifunctional nanocarbon catalyst requires balancing the heteroatoms-doping and defect-engineering to afford desired active centers and satisfied electric conductivity, which however is conceptually challenging while desires in-depth research both experimentally and theoretically. This work reports a N,B-codoped graphitic carbon nanocage (NB-CN) with graphitic yet defect-rich characteristic as a promising trifunctional electrocatalyst through a facile thermal pyrolysis assisted in-situ catalytic graphitization (TPCG) process. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations are conducted, for the first time, to demonstrate that the best performance for ORR/OER and HER can be originated from the configuration with B meta to a pyridinic-N, which presents a minimum theoretical overpotential of 0.34 V for ORR, 0.39 V for OER, and a lowest Gibbs free-energy (ΔGads) of 0.013 eV for HER. A primary zinc-air battery is assembled presenting a maximum power density of 320 mW cm−2 along with excellent operation durability, evidencing great potential in practical applications.

A multihierarchical structure with (NH4)(Ni, Co)PO4·0.67H2O microplatelets and (Ni, Co)3(PO4)2·8H2O ultrathin nanopieces anchored on reduced graphene oxide (NCNP/RGO) is synthesized via a mild hydrothermal approach. This unique interface-rich structure is suitable for a high power energy storage device by providing efficient pathways for both electronic conduction and ionic transportation, which are effective ways to improve the electrochemical performance. Specifically, a specific capacity of 993 F g–1 is obtained in the three-electrode measurement, with ultrahigh capacity retention of 81.2% (807 F g–1) from 0.5 to 32 A g–1. The hybrid device constructed with the as-prepared NCNP/RGO as anode and a hierarchical porous carbon (HPC) as cathode offers a very superior energy density of 42.1 Wh kg–1 at a power density of 73 W kg–1, which remains 32 Wh kg–1 at 14 kW kg–1. Meanwhile, the as-prepared hybrid capacitor exhibits a remarkable cycling stability (96.5% capacitance retention after 10 000 cycles). The c...

In this work, we propose a one-step process to realize the in situ evolution of molybdenum carbide (Mo2C) nanoflakes into ordered mesoporous carbon with few-layered graphene walls (OMG) by chloridization and self-organization, and simultaneously the Cl-doping of OMG (OMG-Cl) by modulating chloridization and annealing processes is fulfilled. Benefiting from the improvement of electroconductivity induced by Cl-doping, together with large specific surface area (1882 cm2 g–1) and homogeneous pore structures, as anode of lithium ion batteries, OMG-Cl shows remarkable charge capacity of 1305 mA h g–1 at current rate of 50 mA g–1 and fast charge–discharge rate within dozens of seconds (a charge time of 46 s), as well as retains a charge capacity of 733 mA h g–1 at a current rate of 0.5 mA g–1 after 100 cycles. Furthermore, as a promising electrode material for supercapacitors, OMG-Cl holds the specific capacitances of 250 F g–1 in 1 M H2SO4 solution and 220 F g–1 at a current density of 0.5 A g–1 in 6 M KOH solu...

Hard carbons are one of the most promising anode materials for sodium/potassium-ion batteries (SIBs/PIBs), which demonstrate favorable long charge/discharge plateaus, but suffer from low rate performance. Herein, we report a new design of N–P codoped hard carbon (NPHC) with three-dimensional (3D) hierarchical porous frameworks. Such unique structure provides bicontinuous ion/electron transportation paths, regulated electronic structure, enlarged interlayer spacing, and moderate surface area. The as prepared NPHC demonstrates a high reversible specific capacity (336 mAh g −1 for SIBs, 339 mAh g−1 for PIBs), along with a good rate performance of ~5.3 C. Particularly, an in-depth study on the charge storage mechanism for both SIBs and PIBs is conducted by combining in-situ Raman spectra and quasi in-situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction analysis, whereby the coexistence of physical adsorption/graphitic layer intercalation, or intercalation/pore filling within certain potential ranges is detected, and the ion storage behavior at different charge/discharge stages is precisely identified.

Large scale production of three dimensional (3D) graphene materials with high density and low degree of defects stands for the main challenge hindering their practical applications. Herein, we report a universal and readily scalable strategy to produce an N-P-O co-doped free standing 3D graphene through a one-pot red phosphorus-assisted “cutting-thin” technique. The solid carbon precursor is gradually exfoliated through the slowly released gases (e.g. pH 3 , H 2 , CO 2 ) and metallic K during the reaction, which allows the formation of dominant amount nanopores, and ensures the high density of the products. The as-produced graphene exhibits continuously 3D hierarchical porous (3D-HPG) structure with good quality (I D /I G =0.4, I 2D /I G =0.65). Density functional theory (DFT) calculations indicate the N-P-O co-doping can significantly enhance the charge delocalization with benefited electrochemical activity. The 3D-HPG is directly utilized as the supercapacitor electrode and a metal free catalyst for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), offering ultrahigh specific capacitance of 426 F g −1 (424 F cm −3 ), as well as excellent catalytic performance. The assembled all-solid-state cell exhibits both high gravimetric (25.3 W h kg −1 ) and volumetric (25.2 W h L −1 ) energy density, which are among the highest values of the state-of-art carbon only supercapacitors. Remarkably, this “cutting-thin” strategy is applicable to variable carbon sources.

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are synthesized through a novel low cost self-vaporized chemical vapor deposition (SCVD) technique from an indecomposable solid carbon source for the first time. This method was manipulated to avoid the injection of flammable gasses, by producing gaseous carbon (e.g. CO) through an in situ catalyzed gasification of the intermediate product induced by KOH. Simultaneously, the as-produced gaseous carbons will deposit onto the pre-imbedded Ni nanocatalyst surface and form CNTs. The growth mechanism is discussed in detail by adjusting the KOH amount. The as-prepared CNTs are rich in oxygen and deficiencies, which endow them with abundant active sites for electrochemical applications. Superior supercapacitor performance is achieved with a specific capacitance 6 times higher than that of commercial CNTs. This technique represents a novel, convenient approach toward large scale production of CNTs directly from a solid carbon precursor, and would show promising applications in various industrial fields.

Nanoarchitecture design and electronic structure engineering are critically important for efficient electrocatalysis. Designing a multi-heteroatoms doped carbon with three dimensional nanoarchitectures can efficiently modulate the electronic structure, create more defective sites and offer a 3D electric conductive circuit, which however has been encountering difficulties in preparation. This work demonstrates the construction of a N,B,F-tridoped 3D carbon network through a novel NH4BF4 triggered self-assembly of chitosan chain. Such a unique structure presents abundant surface active edge defects and in-plane nanopore defects. Density functional theory calculations reveal the significant coupling effect of N,B,F-tridoping down to the atomic scale, whereby the strong electronegativity of F (χ = 4.0) can positively charge the carbon matrix and contribute more adjacent carbon active sites. This endows the catalyst with impressive Pt like oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) catalytic performance, with a high onset potential of 0.95 V, half-wave potential of 0.818 V (vs RHE), and limiting current density of 6.0 mA cm−2. The as constructed zinc-air battery demonstrates a maximum power density of 175 mW cm−2, along with almost unchanged voltage after 25 h galvanostatic discharge.

To optimize the potential window and maximize the utilization of the capacity of both negative and positive electrodes, rational design of electrode materials are critically important in full-cell construction of rechargeable batteries. In this work, we propose and fabricate a carbon-confined V

One hallmark of pancreatic cancer (PC) is the high prevalence of pancreatic cancer-associated diabetes mellitus (PC-DM), but the mechanisms remain to be elucidated. Patients with PC who are diagnosed with new-onset diabetes/prediabetes have recently been shown to display significantly lower levels of glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP) secreted mainly by enteroendocrine cells. We hypothesized that PC-derived exosomes are responsible for the decreased levels of incretins in patients with PC-DM. In this study, exosomes were successfully isolated from PANC-1, MIA PaCa-2 and SW620 cells and characterized. Only the exosomes from MIA PaCa-2 cells (Exo-Mia) reduce the production of GIP and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) from STC-1 cells in vitro in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. Moreover, Exo-Mia increased the levels of the Gip and proglucagon mRNAs and decreased the expression of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 1/3 (PCSK1/3), which is responsible for the post-translational processing of Gip and proglucagon. Furthermore, differentially expressed exosomal miRNAs (miR-6796-3p, miR-6763-5p, miR-4750-3p and miR-197-3p) were identified and considered to be responsible for the inhibitory effects on GIP and GLP-1 production. To further determine the approach of cancer-derived exosomes reaching enteroendocrine cells, we analyzed the uptake and distribution of exosomes in animal model. It was observed that exosomes infused into the intestinal cavity were more easily internalized by the intestinal epithelium than exosomes injected into blood. In conclusion, pancreatic cancer-derived exosomes (Exo-Mia) suppress the synthesis of GIP and GLP-1 from STC-1 cells in vitro by down-regulating the PCSK1/3. Moreover, it may be the pancreatic juice that transport cancer-derived exosomes to target cells (K and L cells) in the gut.

Supercapacitors or ultracapacitors are considered as one of the potential candidates in the domain of energy storage devices for the forthcoming generations. These devices have earned their significance in numerous applications, viz., to power hybrid electric/electric vehicles and other power and electronic systems which require electrical energy for their operation. Supercapacitors are the most versatile devices which are most widely used for delivery of electrical energy in short time and in arenas which demand long shelf life. Therefore, the development of supercapacitors has huge market requirements, and long-term progress is needed for their successful advancement and commercialization. Meanwhile, supercapacitors are also facing challenges such as technical problems, establishing electrical parameter models, consistency testing, and establishing industrial standards. In this paper, the above challenges and the future development opportunities of supercapacitors are introduced in detail. This perspective will provide corresponding guidance and new directions for the development of supercapacitors.

The emergence of atomically thick nanolayer materials, which feature a short ion diffusion channel and provide more exposed atoms in the electrochemical reactions, offers a promising occasion to optimize the performance of supercapacitors on the atomic level. In this work, a novel monolayer Ni-Co hydroxyl carbonate with an average thickness of 1.07 nm is synthesized via an ordinary one-pot hydrothermal route for the first time. This unique monolayer structure can efficiently rise up the exposed electroactive sites and facilitate the surface dependent electrochemical reaction processes, and thus results in outstanding specific capacitance of 2266 F g(-1). Based on this material, an all-solid-state asymmetric supercapacitor is developed adopting alkaline PVA (poly(vinyl alcohol)) gel (PVA/KOH) as electrolyte, which performs remarkable cycling stability (no capacitance fade after 19 000 cycles) together with promising energy density of 50 Wh kg(-1) (202 μWh cm(-2)) and high power density of 8.69 kW kg(-1) (35.1 mW cm(-2)). This as-assembled all-solid-state asymmetric supercapacitor (AASC) holds great potential in the field of portable energy storage devices.