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Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease worldwide, with the incidence in men being about twice as compared to women. Gender differences may provide clues for finding key targets that mediate the death of dopaminergic (DA) neurons in PD. Luteinizing hormone (LH), analog of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), and their receptor, luteinizing hormone/choriogonadotropin receptor (LHCGR), are associated with the pathogenesis of PD. Movement-related symptoms are partially improved by hCG in PD patients. However, the relationship between hCG and PD, as well as its roles in mediating DA neuronal death, has not been elucidated. In this study, we investigated the potential of hCG as a treatment during PD progression. After establishment of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced PD mouse models, we found that hCG restored the decrease of LHCGR activity caused by down-regulation of LH in the substantia nigra. Furthermore, the reduction of LHCGR activity led to DA neuronal death through knocking down the LHCGR in DA neurons by AAV-mTH-shRNA. Treatment with hCG alleviated the DA neuronal death induced by MPTP. Finally, hCG exerted neuroprotective effects by inhibiting the activation of glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK3β) in our MPTP-induced PD mouse and MPP

A closed-loop management of lead in perovskite solar cells (PSCs) during the device service life and at the end of life is highly essential that determines whether and how this technology can be commercialized.

Background and Aims Studies comparing the diagnostic efficacy of liquid-based cytology (LBC) and smear cytology (SC) of pancreatic tissue sampling obtained via EUS-guided FNA (EUS-FNA) are still insufficient, mainly because results were controversial. We compared the diagnostic efficiency of LBC and SC of EUS-FNA of pancreatic lesions in one of the largest tertiary hospitals in China. Methods A retrospective database search (January 2015 to January 2019) was performed for patients who underwent EUS-FNA with both LBC and SC. Demographic, cytologic, and endosonographic data were collected from 819 patients; 514 cases met the inclusion criteria. Diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were compared. Rapid on-site evaluation was not available in all cases. Results Three hundred eighty-five cases (74.90%) had confirmed malignancy, and 40 cases (7.78%) confirmed benign neoplasm. Adequate tissue sampling rates showed no significant difference between the 2 groups. The sensitivity, accuracy, and negative predictive value (NPV) of LBC were higher than those of SC with statistical significance (71.4% vs 55.1%, 76.1% vs 61.6%, and 40.6% vs 27.7%, respectively). The sensitivity, accuracy, and NPV of combined SC and LBC were higher than those of LBC alone with statistical significance (83.9% vs 71.4%, 86.5% vs 76.1%, and 56.8% vs 40.6%, respectively). Multivariate analysis revealed that pancreatic neck/body/tail lesions (P = .003), solid lesions (P 3 (P = .041) were associated with higher diagnostic sensitivity in all participants using LBC, whereas number of needle passage >3 (P = .017) was associated with higher diagnostic sensitivity using SC. Conclusions LBC was more accurate and sensitive than SC in EUS-FNA of pancreatic lesions with higher NPV when rapid on-site evaluation is unavailable. Pancreatic neck/body/tail lesions, solid lesions, 22-gauge needle, and more than 3 passes were associated with higher sensitivity when using LBC. Performing more than 3 passes is associated with higher sensitivity when using SC.

In the present study, a series of Sm 2 (Hf 1-x Ce x ) 2 O 7 ceramics were fabricated by solid-state reaction method, and their structural and thermophysical properties were studied. The results indicated that all the Sm 2 (Hf 1-x Ce x ) 2 O 7 oxides exhibited a single fluorite-type structure, except for Sm 2 Hf 2 O 7 which showed a pyrochlore structure. Because of the phonon scattering caused by CeO 2 doping, the heat conductivity of Sm 2 (Hf 1-x Ce x ) 2 O 7 was reduced. The thermal expansion coefficient was also reduced owing to the relatively low electronegativity of Ce 4+ ions. The heat-physical properties of the obtained ceramics met the basic requirements of thermal barrier coatings.

Background and Objectives: EUS-FNA is applied widely in clinical practice, but there remains a lack of authentic training models. The present study aimed to develop a novel swine training model and to perform a preliminary assessment of its feasibility and efficacy. Materials and Methods: To create an internal lesion-like target, empty shells of iodine-125 seeds were implanted into the caudate lobe of the liver in Bama minipigs. A training program involving 10 trainees was subsequently carried out, in which a total of 60 needlings were performed, composed of 6 for each trainee obtained during two training steps. Comparisons of procedure-related variables were conducted between the two. Trainees completed a questionnaire to assess their basic endoscopic experiences and reasonability of the model. Results: A target region of 2.0 cm × 2.0 cm in diameter was successfully established on the caudate lobe in all implanted pigs. In the training program, the average procedure time decreased from the first to the second step and the average time for the total 30 needlings' obtainment was significantly shorter for the second training step (23.8 ± 4.5 min vs. 40.9 ± 9.0 min, P < 0.001). For the second step, there was also a significant improvement in total success rate (86.7% vs. 56.7%, P = 0.020) and accuracy rate (76.7% vs. 43.3%, P = 0.017). All trainees scored the effectiveness of the model highly and all reported improved confidence after the training. Conclusion: This novel swine training model could authentically mimic clinical EUS-FNA, providing an effective in vivo practice tool for novices before clinical practice.

Enabled by nickel catalysis, a practical access to the synthesis of 4-benzyl-3,3-difluoro-γ-lactams has been developed via radical tandem cyclisation/arylation. This method features a nickel catalyst, high reaction efficiency, and good substrate tolerance and scope. This protocol proceeds through an intramolecular radical addition to form a primary alkyl radical followed by intermolecular Suzuki-type coupling.

The conversion of carbon dioxide into valuable cyclic carbonates has been of intensive interest owing to the 100% atomic economy. Conjugated microporous polymers (CMPs) are attractive porous materials contain organic functionalities for applications in gas capture, energy storage, and catalysis. Herein, we developed a new synthesis method of CMP, obtained at room temperature which is one of the “dream reaction”, possessing large surface areas (1356 m2/g) and exhibiting excellent CO2 capture (77.26 cm3/g at 273.15 K/1.00 bar). After loading cobalt acetate, we obtained Co-coordinated CMP (named as TBB-BPY-Co), exhibiting extraordinary activities (turnover frequencies of up to 250 h-1) for the coupling epoxides with CO2 forming cyclic carbonates at room temperature and atmospheric with free-solvent. Moreover, the heterogeneous catalyst showed even better catalytic efficiency than relevant homogeneous catalyst and a higher recyclability (up to 10 times). This study provided an effective and efficient strategy for the carbon dioxide conversion of industrial and economic value.

Objective: To study the correlation of p38MAPK, ERK1/2 and JNK expression in peripheral blood with the cytokines and pain mediators in patients with post-herpetic neuralgia (PHN). Methods: Patients who were diagnosed with herpes zoster for the first time in the Second Hospital of Hanbin District Ankang City between March 2015 and April 2016 were selected and divided into the PHN group who were combined with post-herpetic neuralgia and the pure HZ group who were without neuralgia, and the healthy volunteers who received physical examination in the Second Hospital of Hanbin District Ankang City during the same period were selected as control group. The peripheral blood was collected to determine the expression of MAPK signaling molecules, and serum was collected to determine the contents of cytokines and pain mediators. Results: p38MAPK, ERK1/2 and JNK mRNA expression in peripheral blood as well as 5-HT, CGRP, SP, NSE, S100B, IFN-γ, TNF-α and IL-17 levels in serum of PHN group and HZ group were significantly higher than those of control group while β-EP levels were significantly lower than that of control group; p38MAPK, ERK1/2 and JNK mRNA expression in peripheral blood as well as 5-HT, CGRP, SP, NSE, S100B, IFN-γ, TNF-α and IL-17 levels in serum of PHN group were significantly higher than those of HZ group while β-EP level was significantly lower than that of HZ group. p38MAPK, ERK1/2 and JNK expression in peripheral blood of PHN patients were positively correlated with CGRP, 5-HT, SP, NSE, S100B, IFN-γ, TNF-α and IL-17 levels in serum, and negatively correlated with β-EP level in serum. Conclusion: The high expression of p38MAPK, ERK1/2 and JNK in peripheral blood of PHN patients can increase the secretion of cytokines and algogenic mediators and decrease the secretion of analgesic mediators.

A new 1D coordination polymer, [FeIIL(H2O)]·2H2O (1) (H2L = 2,6-bis[3-(pyrazin-2-yl)-1,2,4-triazoly]pyridine) with extraordinary acid/base-resistance was synthesized. It was found that the 1D metal–organic chain can serve as a template to prepare a heterometallic [2 × 2] grid [FeIII2Na2L4(H2O)4]·8H2O (2) through a solvent-mediated strategy by immersing the fresh crystals of 1 in a saturated MeOH solution of NaN3. The transformation was accompanied by the complete dissolution of the original crystals, and the cleavage/regeneration of coordination bonds. The final structure of 2 was unambiguously characterized by means of a single-crystal X-ray diffraction (SCXRD) study. Notably, L2− in 1 exhibits an “acute triangle” configuration, while an “obtuse triangle” configuration is observed in 2. In addition, treatments of 1 with saturated MeOH solutions of NaF, NaCl, NaBr, NaI, and NaN3 in DMF, EtOH, and H2O were also respectively checked. The results did not show any appreciable indication, probably implying that the transformation kinetics is influenced not only by a sodium source but also by a solvent-exclusive effect. Significantly, the resulting grid of 2 could not be accessed by a direct one-pot self-assembly synthetic approach.

In this paper, a model of seepage in a fracture network is analyzed by taking the rock mass of the dam foundation of Datengxia Hydropower Station, the No. 1 Project of the Ministry of Water Resources, as an example. Complex discontinuity systems are present in the rock mass of the Datengxia Hydropower Station dam foundation, and faults, soft interlayers, and structural fracture systems intersect with one another. A multi scalar structural analytical scheme that combines the deterministic analysis of large scale geological structures (i.e., faults and weak interlayers) with the statistical simulation of random discontinuities (i.e., structural fractures) is proposed in this paper to reduce the difficulty and uncertainty of the analysis of rock masses with complex structures. In particular, a chain analytical method from dominant group definition to statistical parameters (i.e., spacing and occurrence) is formed for the structural fracture system. In this way, the analysis of rock masses with complex structures is simplified to a regular and feasible scientific problem that could be solved by rock mass simulation. We then establish a seepage model of the rock mass in dam section 29# in UDEC by adopting the above structural simplification scheme. The quantitative analysis of seepage in complex structured rock masses under normal water storage and dynamic conditions is then realized. Results show that the statistical simplification of the rock mass structure and discrete element simulation can efficiently solve the seepage analysis of complex rock masses. The negative influence of pore pressure caused by seepage on the rock mass, especially under dynamic conditions, should be emphasized for safety assurance in the stability analysis of dam foundations.

Epileptogenic focus resection is less effective for the treatment of frontal lobe epilepsy compared with temporal lobe epilepsy. However, there is currently a lack of effective therapeutic options for patients with frontal lobe epilepsy who are unsuitable for epileptogenic focus resection (such patients with epileptogenic foci in one frontal lobe in which the precise epileptic foci cannot be determined), or who experience recurrent epilepsy following epileptogenic focus resection. The present study reports a patient with frontal lobe epilepsy who underwent successful frontal lobe isolation surgery following a previous unsuccessful epileptogenic focus resection surgery. To ensure complete isolation of the prefrontal lobe, the surgery included division of the anterior commissure and the anterior part of the corpus callosum. The patient was followed-up for 16 months. Although the follow-up electroencephalogram presented a number of sharp waves on the affected side, the patient did not experience any seizures. The results suggest that prefrontal lobe isolation is an effective method of treating frontal lobe epilepsy, as division of the anterior commissure and the anterior part of the corpus callosum ensures disconnection of the prefrontal lobe from other regions of the brain.

Milling is a rule in milling machine using the rotation of the milling cutter movement, the movement of the work piece forward movement to machining of cutting method. In processing, the direction of rotation of the milling cutter is generally the same, but the cutting direction of tool is changing. In milling of common two phenomena: down milling and inverse milling. In order to improve the surface quality of machining and reduce tool wear, and thus improve the production efficiency and economic benefit, this paper expounded from different angles and compared the advantages and disadvantages of two types of milling, In order to the future production mechanical processing industry provides the theoretical basis and technical support.

This paper describes the basic principles and algorithm of the BP neural network and builds a forecasting model of Beijing tourism demand based on the BP neural network. The forecasting model can forecast and analyze the number of tourists in Beijing in the future, which using the MATLAB tools and the number of tourists in Beijing during 1994 to 2012 for empirical research. The results show that the forecasting model of Beijing tourism demand based on the BP neural network can forecast the number of tourists in Beijing in the future more accurately.

Immune suppression is well documented during tumor progression, which includes loss of effect of T cells and expansion of T regulatory (Treg) cells. IL-7 plays a key role in the proliferation, survival and homeostasis of T cells and displays a potent antitumor activity in vivo. In the present study, we investigated the antitumor effect of IL-7 in Meth A model. IL-7 inhibited tumor growth and prolonged the survival of tumor-bearing mice with corresponding increases in the frequency of CD4 and CD8 T cells, Th1 (CD4(+)IFN-γ(+)), Tc1 (CD8(+)IFN-γ(+)) and T cells cytolytic activity against Meth A cells. Neutralization of CD4 or CD8 T cells reversed the antitumor benefit of IL-7. Furthermore, IL-7 decreased regulatory T Foxp3 as well as cells suppressive activity with a reciprocal increase in SMAD7. In addition, we observed an increase of the serum concentrations of IL-6 and IFN-γ, and a significant decrease of TGF-β and IL-10 after IL-7 treatment. Taken together, these results indicate that IL-7 augments T cell-mediated antitumor immunity and improves the effect of antitumor in Meth A model.

Purpose: The universal organic solvent dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) can be used as a differentiation inducer of many cancer cells and has been widely used as a solvent in laboratories. However, its effects on breast cancer cells are not well understood. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect and associated mech­ anisms of DMSO on mouse breast cancer. Methods: We applied DMSO to observe the effect on tumors in a mouse breast cancer model. Tumor­associated macrophages (TAMs) were tested by flow cytometry. Ex vivo tumor microenvironment was imitated by 4T1 cultured cell conditioned medium. Enzyme­linked immuno­ sorbent assays were performed to detect interleukin (IL)­10 and IL­12 expression in medium. To investigate the cytotoxicity of DMSO on TAMs, 3­(4,5­dimethylthiazol­2­yl)­2,5­diphenyltetrazo­ lium bromide (MTT) assays were performed. Results: We found that DMSO produced tumor retardation when injected into mouse peritoneal cavities in a certain concentration range (0.5–1.0 mg/ g). Furthermore, as detected by flow cytometry, TAM subtypes were found to be transformed. We further imitated a tumor mi­ croenvironment in vitro by using 4T1 cultured cell conditioned medium. Similarly, by using low concentration DMSO (1.0%– 2.0% v/v), TAMs were induced to polarize to the classically acti­ vated macrophage (M1­type) and inhibited from polarizing into the alternatively activated macrophage (M2­type) in the condi­ tioned medium. IL­10 expression in tumors was reduced, while IL­12 was increased compared with the control. Furthermore, we reported that 2.0% (v/v) DMSO could lead to cytotoxicity in peri­ toneal macrophages after 48 hours in MTT assays. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that DMSO could exert antitumor effects in 4T1 cancer­bearing mice by reversing TAM orientation and po­ larization from M2­ to M1­type TAMs. These data may provide novel insight into studying breast cancer immunotherapy.

Pure anatase, pure rutile and the mixed TiO2 crystals with different amounts of rutile and anatase were prepared by a hydrothermal method using Ti (OBu)4 as starting material. The effect of anions on crystal phase and morphology of TiO2 synthesized by the hydrothermal method was investigated, and the relevant mechanism was also discussed. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) results indicate that Cl- ion was in favor of the formation of rutile, while NO3- and CH3COO- were beneficial for the formation of anatase. The hydrothermal conditions have significant effects on the phase component, morphology, and particle size of obtained titania products. Additionally, mixed TiO2 crystals with different amounts of rutile and anatase could be prepared by adjusting the reaction conditions, such as the concentration of Cl- ion, hydrothermal time, the amount of citric acid and the concentration of tetrabutyl titanate.

Due to the huge loss to the bank caused by credit risk in the financial debt crisis of the international Banking industry in 1980s, the research on Credit Assessment Methods is becoming the central issue of the study of financial theory in China and abroad. This paper builded the assets financial evaluation system of credit risk level based on the association rules-Apriori algorithm of data mining technology, which aimed the problems and the serious shortage of risk quantification study in domestic banks credit risk management. At the same time, taking into account the actual situation of our country, this paper analyzed that there are certain difficulties to use modern credit risk measurement models to evaluation the credit risk of commercial banks. And it suggests building a credit portfolio risk measurement model suitable for China's commercial banks with using logistic regression model of data mining technology.

The aim of this study is to develop methodologies suitable for conducting multiple organic solvent exposure assessments for workers in the plastic material printing industries. By reviewing the existing sampling and analytical methods for the seven organic solvents used in the industry (including isopropyl alcohol, 2-butanone, ethyl acetate, methyl isobutyl ketone, toluene, n-butyl acetate, and cyclohexanone), coconut shell charcoal is suggested as an appropriate sorbent media for collecting samples, and GC/FID is chosen as the instrument for chemical analyses. Both CS2 + 5% (v/v) 1-butanol and CS2 + 5% (v/v) isobutanol are proposed as candidate desorption reagents. Since the recovery rates obtained from the latter (83.47%–99.84%) are higher than those of the former (80.12%–98.00%), the latter is chosen in the present study. The linearities of all the resulting calibration curves are r 2 ≥ 0.995, with recovery rates (R) of ≥ 75%, and the corresponding coefficients of variations (CV) ≤ 7% for all target organic solvents. The results also suggest that the collected samples should be stored in a –10°C environment and be analyzed within 30 days. Finally, suggestions are made for amending the storage temperatures and storage days currently promulgated in related NIOSH methods based on data obtained from present study. The proposed methodology would be beneficial to the plastic material printing industry, enabling the simultaneous assessment of workers’ exposure to multiple organic solvents.

To study the effects of Na(+) channel blocker flecainide and L-type Ca(2+) channel antagonist verapamil on the voltage-gated fKv1.4ΔN channel, an N-terminal-deleted mutant of the ferret Kv1.4 K(+) channel.fKv1.4ΔN channels were stably expressed in Xenopus oocytes. The K(+) currents were recorded using a two-electrode voltage-clamp technique. The drugs were administered through superfusion.fKv1.4ΔN currents displayed slow inactivation, with a half-inactivation potential of -41.74 mV and a slow recovery from inactivation (τ=1.90 s at -90 mV). Flecainide and verapamil blocked the currents with IC(50) values of 512.29 ± 56.92 and 260.71 ± 18.50 μmol/L, respectively. The blocking action of the drugs showed opposite voltage-dependence: it was enhanced with depolarization for flecainide, and was attenuated with depolarization for verapamil. Both the drugs exerted state-dependent blockade on fKv1.4ΔN currents, but verapamil showed a stronger use-dependent blockage compared with flecainide. Flecainide accelerated the C-type inactivation rate without affecting the recovery kinetics and the steady-state activation. Verapamil also accelerated the inactivation kinetics of the currents, but unlike flecainide, it affected both the recovery and the steady-state activation, causing slower recovery of fKv1.4ΔN channel and a depolarizing shift of the steady-state activation curve.The results demonstrate that widely used antiarrhythmic drugs flecainide and verapamil substantially inhibit fKv1.4ΔN channels expressed in Xenopus oocytes by binding to the open state of the channels. Therefore, caution should be taken when these drugs are administered in combination with K(+) channel blockers to treat arrhythmia.

AES is a new generation encryption standard which is designed by the American National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) to replace DES. This paper described the concrete steps of the AES encryption algorithm which take the 128-bit keys as an example, including SubBytes, ShiftRows, MixColumns and AddRoundKey, and a detailed study of the IC card data encryption with the application of the AES algorithm.

Conventional model in selecting talents cannot satisfy the request for efficient selecting. In this paper, we study a mixture algorithm which is combined decision tree algorithm and analytic hierarchy process (AHP), named analytic hierarchy decision process (AHDP). It evaluates the performance of existing staff then assigns them into distinguished category, and combined the result of AHP method for each staff with corresponding employee information reforms a dataset to construct the decision tree. The motif of AHDP is an enhancement for reasonable prediction talents that enterprise expected.

采用水热法制备了ZnO纳米棒, 以ZnO纳米棒为原料制备出ZnO/TiO 2 纳米管晶膜电极并应用于染料敏化太阳能电池. 用扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、X射线能谱仪(EDX)和N2吸脱附分析等研究了样品的结构、表面形貌和化学组成, 并通过紫外?可见光度计和电化学工作站探讨了煅烧温度在80 ~ 600℃范围内ZnO/TiO 2 纳米管电极的光电化学性能. 此外, 研究经TiCl 4 化学处理的ZnO/TiO 2 纳米管电极光电性能的改善情况. 结果表明, 600℃煅烧的ZnO/TiO 2 纳米管电极制备的染料敏化太阳能电池表现出较优的光电性能, 其短路电流密度( J sc )为 2.28 mA/cm 2 , 开路电压( V oc )为0.631 V, 光电转换效率 η 为0.66%. 600℃煅烧的ZnO/TiO 2 纳米管经TiCl 4 处理后的染料敏化太阳能电池的光电性能得到显著改善, 其光电转换效率 η 提高到1.06%.

Heme oxygenase-1 [HO-1, also called heat shot protein 32 (HSP32)] can specifically metabolize heme to carbon monoxide, biliverdin, and ferrous iron and plays an important role in the processes of anti-inflammation, tissue protection, and antioxidative stress reaction. It has been reported that HO-1 can promote tumorigenesis and metastasis of many tumors. However, the detailed mechanisms of how HO-1 affects tumor progress are not clear. Here, we used ZnPPIX (a specific inhibitor of HO-1) to evaluate its potential effects on mouse breast cancer and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). We found out that mouse 4T1 breast cancer growth can be effectively suppressed through inhibition of HO-1 in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, in the 4T1 mouse model, when HO-1 was suppressed in TAMs, alternatively activated macrophages (M2 type) switched to classically activated macrophages (M1 type). In conclusion, 4T1 breast cancer growth was modulated by HO-1 expression. Furthermore, inhibition of HO-1 may induce tumor-associated immune response by activating TAMs' alternative proliferation. These data suggest that HO-1 may be an important target of breast cancer treatment.

An organic octupolar molecule with active hydroxyl groups was designed and synthesized. The structure and propertie of the organic molecule was characterized by IR,1H MNR, UV-vis and DSC-TG. The maximum absorption wavelength of the compound is 439 nm. The critical wavelength is below 710 nm. The compound is thermally stable with the decomposition temperature of 401°C, and consequently could be considered to be a better choice for the preparation of NLO material.

The Polyaniline-poly(vinyl alcohol)-intercalated graphite oxide (GO) composites were synthesized through in-situ polymerization methods. The characterizations were illuminated by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), cyclic voltammetry(CV) and thermal analysis(TGA), respectively. TGA shows that composites have stable thermal properties. CV curves show charge-transport processes within the film are diffusion-controlled. The new composites reveal the potential application in the future.

With the development and utilization of underground space and the construction of large quantities of shield tunnels, the phenomenon that shield tunnel go through the existing buildings at close quarters is in the rise. The stiffness mismatch between shield tunnels and existing buildings has a significant impact on the deformation and stress of the connection part. In order to explore the affection on the shield tunnel from the existing buildings while the shield tunnel crosses the later, taken the shield tunnel crossing Wuchang ultra-deep ventilation shaft in Wuhan subway as an example, the influence to the shield tunnel by the existing building is studied. In the sphere of influence, the closer to the ventilation shaft enclosure structures, the more notable the uneven deformation of the tunnel segment structure would be; the closer to the rigid structure, the smaller the transverse bending moment would be; the nearer to the rigid structure, the greater the horizontal axial force, vertical axial force and vertical bending moment would be. The impact on deformation and load-carrying capacity from ventilation shaft enclosure structure on shield tunnel segment weakens sharply by the increasing of their distance.

Based on the consideration of the performance, disaster prevention, relief and tunnel drainage requirement, the connected aisle becomes more and more important to the shield tunnel section with the construction of large quantities of shield tunnels. The construction mechanical behavior of the connected aisle is complex and difficult to simulate with exist method sometimes. In allusion to the numerical simulation of the construction mechanical behavior of the connected aisle in the shield tunnel which is built in the sandy strata with the high hydraulic pressure, a new calculation approach is put forward. The core idea is the coupling use of the stratum structure method and the load structure method. The new method is used in the construction mechanical behavior study of the connected aisle which is built in the shield tunnel across the Yangtze River in Wuhan subway. Some conclusions are drawn and some related advices are proposed based on the analysis of the numerical simulation.

With the construction of large quantities of shield tunnels, based on the consideration of the performance, disaster prevention, relief and tunnel drainage requirement, it becomes more and more important to set the connected aisle in the shield tunnel section. The shape of the connected aisle cross-section has an obvious effect on the deformation and stress of the connected aisle. In order to draw reasonable connected aisle type for the subway construction under high hydraulic conditions, the comparative analysis of stress state of the circular and horseshoe-shaped connected aisle section is applied based on the construction of the connected aisle in the shield tunnel across the Yangtze River in Wuhan subway. It is recommended that the horseshoe-shaped cross-section should be applied to connected aisle construction in the shield tunnel in Wuhan subway.

To investigate the effects of diltiazem, an L-type calcium channel blocker, and propafenone, a sodium channel blocker, on the inactivation and recovery kinetics of fKv1.4, a potassium channel that generates the cardiac transient outward potassium current.The cRNA for fKv1.4ΔN, an N-terminal deleted mutant of the ferret Kv1.4 potassium channel, was injected into Xenopus oocytes to express the fKv1.4ΔN channel in these cells. Currents were recorded using a two electrode voltage clamp technique.Diltiazem (10 to 1000 μmol/L) inhibited the fKv1.4ΔN channel in a frequency-dependent, voltage-dependent, and concentration-dependent manner, suggesting an open channel block. The IC(50) was 241.04±23.06 μmol/L for the fKv1.4ΔN channel (at +50 mV), and propafenone (10 to 500 μmol/L) showed a similar effect (IC(50)=103.68±10.13 μmol/L). After application of diltiazem and propafenone, fKv1.4ΔN inactivation was bi-exponential, with a faster drug-induced inactivation and a slower C-type inactivation. Diltiazem increased the C-type inactivation rate and slowed recovery in fKv1.4ΔN channels. However, propafenone had no effect on either the slow inactivation time constant or the recovery.Diltiazem and propafenone accelerate the inactivation of the Kv1.4ΔN channel by binding to the open state of the channel. Unlike propafenone, diltiazem slows the recovery of the Kv1.4ΔN channel.

A coagulation method providing a better dispersion of nano-Antimony-Doped Tin Oxide (ATO) in a polymer matrix was used to produce nano-ATO/poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) composites. Scanning electron microscopy showed an improved dispersion of nano-ATO in the PMMA matrix, which is a key factor to determine the composite performance. Moreover, the PMMA with the addition of nano-ATO showed improved electrical conductivity and thermal stability.