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As a negative emotion, professional drivers' stress levels significantly affected driving behavior and thus were related to driving safety issues. Nevertheless, current evidence fell considerably short of explaining whether and why private drivers' stress levels might be influenced while commuting driving in a specific scenario and how to relieve their stress levels. This study aimed to identify and analyze the contributing factors of the drivers' stress levels while commuting driving in various scenarios (clear or snow weather conditions). On weekdays between 1[sup.st] October 2020 and 31[sup.st] January 2022, the questionnaire data from a sample of 985 private drivers were collected from six different locations of business districts in Harbin, China. Based on the naturalistic driving study (NDS) database, a 7-item questionnaire was designed for participants to self-report their driving stress levels in various scenarios, which was generated from the shortened and adapted version of the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS). The results showed that participants' stress levels had significantly increased in snow weather conditions, especially nervous and stressed feeling, and unable to control the arrival time, which indicated that participants' highly increased cognitive bias for commuting time could be the critical reason. The results of hierarchical linear regression models indicated that overall stress scores could be predicted through participants' sociodemographic characteristics, driving experience, commuting driving, and cognitive bias for commuting time. Such an association was significantly strongest with commuting time gaps, especially in snow weather conditions. In addition, a recommendation was derived from these results that correcting the cognitive bias for commuting time could relieve participants' stress levels. The implication of the reminder message supported this recommendation. The participants' stress levels were reduced significantly after providing a reminder message every 10mins while commuting driving in clear weather conditions and every 5mins in snow weather conditions., Author(s): Zifeng Yang [1]; Zhenwu Shi (corresponding author) [1]; Di Lu [2]; Jie Liu (corresponding author) [1] 1. Introduction As one of the traditional adverse weather conditions, the snow weather [...]

Rubber asphalt pavement has the performance advantages of noise reduction, anti-rutting, and anti-cracking. In this paper, the deformation recovery ability, stress sensitivity, dynamic mechanical performance, and chemical components of a warm mix styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS)/rubber asphalt before and after aging were analyzed. The results showed that the high-low temperature performance of the asphalt was improved, and the ratio of the viscoelastic component was changed by adding the LKW-II warm mix additive to the asphalt. The high-temperature performance of the warm mix SBS/rubber asphalt was improved after short-term aging. At a proportion of the warm mix additive of 0.1%, the high-temperature rheological performance was substantially improved, the anti-rutting ability was enhanced, and the stress sensitivity was the lowest. At high temperatures, the improvements were relatively small at warm mix additive proportions of 0.3% and 0.5%. The low-temperature performance was significantly improved at a proportion of 0.3%. The Burgers model was used to evaluate the low-temperature mechanical behavior and confirmed the low-temperature performance results. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy results showed that no new substances were produced after adding the LKW-II warm mix additive to the SBS/rubber asphalt, and the viscosity was reduced by changing the intermolecular force. Key words: warm mix SBS/rubber asphalt, LKW-II warm mix additive, multiple stress creep recovery test, Burgers model, high-low temperature performance. Le revetement d'asphalte en caoutchouc presente les avantages de performance suivants : la reduction du bruit, l'antiornierage et l'antifissure. Dans le present document, on a analyse la capacite de recuperation de la deformation, la sensibilite aux contraintes, les performances mecaniques dynamiques et les composants chimiques d'un melange tiede de styrene-butadienestyrene (SBS) et d'asphalte en caoutchouc avant et apres le vieillissement. Les resultats ont montre que le rendement a haute et a basse temperature de l'asphalte a ete ameliore et que le rapport de la composante viscoelastique a ete modifie par l'ajout de l'additif tiede LKW-II a l'asphalte. Le rendement a haute temperature du melange tiede SBS et d'asphalte en caoutchouc a ete ameliore apres un vieillissement a court terme. A une proportion de 0,1 % de l'additif melange tiede, la performance rheologique a haute temperature a ete sensiblement amelioree, la capacite anti-ornierage a ete amelioree et la sensibilite aux contraintes a ete la plus faible. A des temperatures elevees, les ameliorations etaient relativement faibles a des proportions d'additif melange tiede de 0,3 et 0,5 %. La performance a basse temperature a ete significativement amelioree a une proportion de 0,3 %. Le modele Burgers a ete utilise pour evaluer le comportement mecanique a basse temperature et a confirme les resultats du rendement a basse temperature. Les resultats de la spectroscopie infrarouge a transformee de Fourier ont montre qu'aucune nouvelle substance n'a ete produite apres l'ajout de l'additif tiede LKW-II a l'asphalte SBS/caoutchouc, et que la viscosite a ete reduite en changeant la force intermoleculaire. [Traduit par la Redaction] Mots-cles : melange tiede styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS)/asphalte en caoutchouc, additif de melange tiede LKW-II, essai de fluage multi-contraintes, modele Burgers, rendement a haute et a basse temperature., Introduction Asphalt is the primary pavement material, and the performance of asphalt pavement is a hot research topic (Omairey et al. 2021). Rubber asphalt is produced by mixing rubber powder [...]

Transit-oriented development (TOD) has been widely adopted in urban planning to alleviate traffic congestion, urban sprawl, and other problems. The TOD metro station area, as a dynamic and open spatial system, presents typical complex features. To improve urban planning by understanding the complex features of metro station areas, this study proposes a comprehensive evaluation method using complex adaptive system theory (CAS) to assess space efficiency and the use of an evaluation method like COWA (continuous ordered weighted averaging) operator and cloud model to show efficiency. Factors include external relevance, internal coordination, and environmental adaptation. This study uses Museum Station of Harbin Railway Transportation as the case study, and the results show that the space efficiency of Harbin's TOD metro station areas are lacking in internal coordination and environmental adaptation. The proposed evaluation method not only identifies areas of space inefficiencies in urban rail transit station areas but also provides valuable insights for informed decision-making and future urban development initiatives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highway infrastructure projects financed by real estate investment trusts (REITs) have garnered significant attention due to their potential for generating stable returns. However, assessing the risks associated with such projects remains a critical challenge. This study addresses this gap by proposing a novel approach to risk assessments utilizing the Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) integrated with Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM). Unlike traditional risk assessment methods, which often treat risk factors as isolated entities, the DEMATEL—ISM approach provides a comprehensive framework that reveals the direct and indirect relationships between risk factors, thus offering a systemic understanding of the interactions. The results found that falling market prices, insufficient operating revenues, and operational inefficiencies were direct influences, and high financing costs and force majeure were the fundamental influences, while other factors acted as intermediate influences. In addition, the study identifies direct and indirect relationships between different risk factors, providing a hierarchical topology of risk factors to reflect the relationships between the risk factors. The findings not only contribute to enhancing the understanding of risk dynamics in highway infrastructure REITs projects, but also offer a structured framework for risk assessment and mitigation. This research represents a significant innovation in the field of infrastructure investment risk management, offering practical implications for project planning, decision-making, and risk management strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study proposed a modified metric inspired by the well-applied “resilience-triangle” framework to integrate the resilience concept within the traffic speed. Firstly, for setting the evolving normal functionality, this study added the concepts of robustness loss and rapidity to characterize and compare the recovery processes of local roads and assess the corresponding resilience under different traffic operation conditions. Secondly, these different evolving resilience patterns provide a quantitative benchmark for detecting the links between resilience and traffic operating conditions and exploring its impact on total resilience. Finally, this study simulated and compared the dynamic evolution of the total resilience of local roads, which accurately captured the weak and poorly resilient road locations. Our findings indicated that the proposed metric was quite efficient and accurate in assisting stakeholders to prioritize the transport planning and the retrofit projects of some specific local roads, which could improve the resilience of overall transport system significantly., Author(s): Zhenwu Shi [1]; Zifeng Yang [1]; Jie Liu (corresponding author) [1] 1. Introduction In the past few decades, the transport system is becoming more interconnected and complex with organizational [...]